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Report on Etna (Italy) — 7 April-13 April 2010


Etna

Smithsonian Institution / US Geological Survey
Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, 7 April-13 April 2010
Managing Editor: Sally Sennert.

Please cite this report as:

Global Volcanism Program, 2010. Report on Etna (Italy) (Sennert, S, ed.). Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, 7 April-13 April 2010. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.

Weekly Report (7 April-13 April 2010)

Etna

Italy

37.748°N, 14.999°E; summit elev. 3357 m

All times are local (unless otherwise noted)


INGV-CT reported that on 8 April a dozen low-frequency events located near the summit of Etna were detected by the seismic network. Concurrently, a dark-colored ash plume rose 1 km from a pit crater located at the E base of the Southeast Crater and drifted NE. Dark emissions from the central crater were also seen a short time later. Ashfall was reported from a few local areas. On 9 April intense gas emissions were noted at the pit crater.

Geological Summary. Mount Etna, towering above Catania on the island of Sicily, has one of the world's longest documented records of volcanism, dating back to 1500 BCE. Historical lava flows of basaltic composition cover much of the surface of this massive volcano, whose edifice is the highest and most voluminous in Italy. The Mongibello stratovolcano, truncated by several small calderas, was constructed during the late Pleistocene and Holocene over an older shield volcano. The most prominent morphological feature of Etna is the Valle del Bove, a 5 x 10 km caldera open to the east. Two styles of eruptive activity typically occur, sometimes simultaneously. Persistent explosive eruptions, sometimes with minor lava emissions, take place from one or more summit craters. Flank vents, typically with higher effusion rates, are less frequently active and originate from fissures that open progressively downward from near the summit (usually accompanied by Strombolian eruptions at the upper end). Cinder cones are commonly constructed over the vents of lower-flank lava flows. Lava flows extend to the foot of the volcano on all sides and have reached the sea over a broad area on the SE flank.

Source: Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo (INGV)