Volcanologist Bob Symonds takes gas samples from a sulfur-encrusted fumarole at the summit of Augustine during a quiescent period of the 1986 eruption. Fumarole condensates had a pH of between 0 and 0.5. The maximum measured gas temperatures were 625-645°C.

Photo by Lee Siebert, 1986 (Smithsonian Institution).

Keywords: gas | emissions | volcanologist | fumarole | sulfur | volcanic gas | vent | mineral deposit | geothermal | geothermal features | degassing

Augustine