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Current Eruptions

Overall, 46 volcanoes were in continuing eruption status as of 2 March 2024. An eruption marked as "continuing" does not always mean persistent daily activity, but indicates at least intermittent eruptive events without a break of 3 months or more. There are typically 40-50 continuing eruptions, and out of those generally around 20 will be actively erupting on any particular day (though we do not keep detailed statistics on daily activity). Additional annual eruption data is available for recent years.

The Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report (WVAR) for the week ending on 26 March 2024 includes the 19 volcanoes shown below marked "Yes" in the WVAR column (rollover for report). The most recently started eruption is at the top, continuing as of the Last Known Activity date. An eruption listed here might have ended since the last data update, or at the update time a firm end date had not yet been determined due to potential renewed activity. Complete updates are done about every 6-8 weeks, but information about newer eruptions can be found in the Weekly Report.

Volcano Country Eruption Start Date Last Known Activity Max VEI WVAR
Fernandina Ecuador 2024 Mar 2 2024 Mar 4 (continuing) 1 Yes
Ahyi United States 2024 Jan 1 2024 Mar 1 (continuing)
Lewotobi Indonesia 2023 Dec 23 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) Yes
Marapi Indonesia 2023 Dec 3 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) Yes
Poas Costa Rica 2023 Dec 1 2024 Mar 1 (continuing)
Shishaldin United States 2023 Jul 12 2024 Mar 1 (continuing)
Klyuchevskoy Russia 2023 Jun 22 2024 Mar 1 (continuing)
Mayon Philippines 2023 Apr 27 ± 2 days 2024 Mar 1 (continuing)
Kikai Japan 2023 Mar 27 2024 Feb 10 (continuing)
Etna Italy 2022 Nov 27 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 1
Ebeko Russia 2022 Jun 11 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 2 Yes
Kavachi Solomon Islands 2021 Oct 2 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 0
Rincon de la Vieja Costa Rica 2021 Jun 28 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 2
Great Sitkin United States 2021 May 25 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 2 Yes
Merapi Indonesia 2020 Dec 31 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 1 Yes
Lewotolok Indonesia 2020 Nov 27 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 2 Yes
Sangay Ecuador 2019 Mar 26 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 2
Tinakula Solomon Islands 2018 Dec 8 (in or before) 2024 Feb 22 (continuing) 2
Karangetang Indonesia 2018 Nov 25 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 2
Nyamulagira DR Congo 2018 Apr 18 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 0
Semeru Indonesia 2017 Jun 6 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 4 Yes
Ol Doinyo Lengai Tanzania 2017 Apr 9 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 0
Aira Japan 2017 Mar 25 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 1 Yes
Bezymianny Russia 2016 Dec 5 2024 Feb 22 (continuing) 3
Sabancaya Peru 2016 Nov 6 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 3 Yes
Langila Papua New Guinea 2015 Oct 22 (?) 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 2
Masaya Nicaragua 2015 Oct 3 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 1
Tofua Tonga 2015 Oct 2 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 0
Villarrica Chile 2014 Dec 2 ± 7 days 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 3
Nevado del Ruiz Colombia 2014 Nov 18 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 2 Yes
Saunders United Kingdom 2014 Nov 12 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 1
Manam Papua New Guinea 2014 Jun 29 2024 Feb 28 (continuing) 4
Heard Australia 2012 Sep 5 ± 4 days 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 0
Reventador Ecuador 2008 Jul 27 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 2
Ibu Indonesia 2008 Apr 5 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 1
Popocatepetl Mexico 2005 Jan 9 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 2 Yes
Suwanosejima Japan 2004 Oct 23 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 2 Yes
Fuego Guatemala 2002 Jan 4 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 3 Yes
Bagana Papua New Guinea 2000 Feb 28 (in or before) 2023 Dec 14 (continuing) 2
Sheveluch Russia 1999 Aug 15 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 4 Yes
Erebus Antarctica 1972 Dec 16 (in or before) ± 15 days 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 2
Erta Ale Ethiopia 1967 Jul 2 (in or before) ± 182 days 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 0
Stromboli Italy 1934 Feb 2 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 2
Dukono Indonesia 1933 Aug 13 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 3 Yes
Santa Maria Guatemala 1922 Jun 22 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 3 Yes
Yasur Vanuatu 1270 ± 110 years 2024 Mar 1 (continuing) 3
Report for Nyiragongo
Observatoire Volcanologique de Goma (OVG) reported that the sulfur dioxide (SO2) flux at Nyiragongo decreased slightly but remained at moderate levels during 18-23 March. The Munigi station measured a small increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations from fractures in the S area. Additionally, CO2 concentrations in the “mazuku”, or lowland areas located in the W area of the city of Goma, remained lethal. The Alert Level remained at Yellow.
Report for Marapi
PVMBG reported that eruptive activity at Marapi (on Sumatra) was ongoing during 20-26 March. White and gray ash plumes rose 200-500 m above the summit and drifted multiple directions on 20 and 24 March. White steam and gas plumes rose 200-250 m above the summit and drifted N, NE, and NW on 21 and 25 March. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 1-4), and the public was warned to stay 4.5 km away from the active crater.
Report for Merapi
BPPTKG reported that the eruption at Merapi (on Java) continued during 15-21 March. Seismicity remained at high levels. The SW lava dome produced 59 lava avalanches that descended the SW flank as far as 1.8 km. Morphological changes to the SW lava dome caused by lava avalanches were identified in images from a drone survey on 21 March. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 1-4), and the public was warned to stay 3-7 km away from the summit, based on location.
Report for Semeru
PVMBG reported that eruptive activity continued at Semeru during 20-26 March. During the week, 14 eruptive events were recorded by the seismic network, and ash plumes rose 500-1,200 m above the summit and drifted in multiple directions. During 20 and 23-24 March white and gray emissions rose 50-200 m above the summit and drifted multiple directions. On 25 March white emissions rose 100-200 m above the summit and drifted SW, W, and NW. The Alert Level remained at 3 (the third highest level on a scale of 1-4). The public was warned to stay at least 5 km away from the summit in all directions, 13 km from the summit to the SE, 500 m from the banks of the Kobokan drainage as far as 17 km from the summit, and to avoid other drainages including the Bang, Kembar, and Sat, due to lahar, avalanche, and pyroclastic flow hazards.
Report for Lewotobi
Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that white emissions rose as high as 100 m above the summit of Lewotobi Laki-laki during 20-26 March. Some rockfall events were detected by the seismic network. There were no visual observations of renewed lava effusion, and no reports of lava flow movement since 20 February. The Alert Level remained at Level 2 (on a scale of 1-4), and the public was warned to remain outside of the hazard zone, defined as a 2-km radius around the crater, the 3-km NNE sector expansion, and the 5-km NE sector expansion; both sector expansions extend from the established 2-km hazard radius.
Report for Lewotolok
Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported continuing activity at Lewotolok during 20-26 March. White-and-gray emissions were observed daily; plumes rose as high as 1 km above the summit. Seismicity included non-harmonic tremor episodes, frequent gas emission signals, and 6-18 daily eruption events. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 1-4) and the public was warned to stay 2-km away from the vent and 3-km away from the summit crater on the S and SE flank.
Report for Dukono
Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that Dukono continued to erupt during 20-26 March. Gray-and-white emissions rose as high as 450 m above the summit. The Alert Level remained at Level 2 (on a scale of 1–4), and the public was warned to remain outside of the 3-km exclusion zone.
Report for Suwanosejima
Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported that the eruption at Suwanosejima's Ontake Crater continued during 20-26 March. Crater incandescence was observed nightly in infrared camera images. A total of seven explosions were registered by the seismic network; resulting ash plumes rose up to 1.3 km above the crater rim before drifting N and SE and ejected large ballistic projectiles (20-30 cm in diameter) as far as 600 m away from the center of the crater. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a 5-level scale) and the public was warned to stay at least 1-km away from the crater.
Report for Aira
JMA reported ongoing eruptive activity at Minamidake Crater (Aira Caldera’s Sakurajima volcano) during 18-25 March. An explosion at 1952 on 18 March produced an ash plume that rose 1.2 km above the crater rim and drifted SE and ejected large blocks 800-1,100 m from the vent. Very small eruptions and nighttime incandescence were observed at the summit crater during other days of the report period. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a 5-level scale), and the public was warned to stay 2 km away from both craters.
Report for Ebeko
KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity was ongoing at Ebeko during 14-21 March. According to volcanologists in Severo-Kurilsk (Paramushir Island, about 7 km E), during 20-21 March explosions generated ash plumes that rose as high as 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE. On other days the volcano was quiet, or weather clouds prevented satellite views. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are UTC; specific events are in local time where noted.
Report for Sheveluch
KVERT reported that eruptive activity at Sheveluch continued with a thermal anomaly identified in satellite images during 17-21 March. Strong gas and steam emissions were observed at the Karan dome. On 21 March plumes of resuspended ash extended 65 km to the SE. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.
Report for Great Sitkin
AVO reported that slow lava effusion continued in Great Sitkin’s summit crater during 20-26 March. Weather clouds obscured or partly obscured satellite and webcam views during most of the week. A radar satellite image acquired during 19-20 March showed advancement of the active NW lava flow and uplift of the center of the lava dome above the vent. Seismicity was low and a few small earthquakes were recorded each day. The Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch (the third level on a four-level scale) and the Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third color on a four-color scale).
Report for Popocatepetl
Centro Nacional de Prevención de Desastres (CENAPRED) reported that eruptive activity continued at Popocatépetl during 20-26 March. Daily activity consisted of 14-69 long-period (LP) events that were accompanied by emissions of gas, steam, and small quantities of ash. Additionally, high-frequency and variable amplitude episodes of tremor were registered; duration of episodes ranged from approximately 2.9 to 17.6 hours per day. Continuous gas, steam, and sometimes ash emissions were observed during the mornings; plumes dispersed towards the NE and ENE. Centro Nacional de Comunicación y Operación de Protección Civil (CENACOM) reported light ashfall in multiple municipalities within the state of Puebla during 20-26 March, and within the state of Tlaxcala during 25-26 March.
Report for Santa Maria
INSIVUMEH reported that eruptive activity continued at Santa Maria’s Santiaguito lava dome complex during 20-26 March with a lava extrusion and avalanches at the Caliente dome. Incandescence from the dome was visible during most nights and early mornings, and occasional incandescence was also present along the upper WSW flank lava flow. Daily explosions generated ash, gas, and steam plumes that rose as high as 900 m above the summit and drifted multiple directions on most days, and on 20 March rose 2.2 km above the summit. The explosions occurred at rates between 1 and 7 per hour that generated block avalanches on the dome’s flanks and occasional short pyroclastic flows that descended multiple flanks. Sometimes the block avalanches were accompanied by rumbling sounds. On 21 and 22 March ashfall was reported in Loma Linda (7 km W), San Marcos Palajunoj (8 km SW) and other communities in this area; ash caused hazy conditions around the volcano on 24 and 25 March.
Report for Fuego
INSIVUMEH reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 20-26 March. Explosions were recorded daily, averaging 3-12 per hour each day. The explosions generated ash and gas plumes that rose as high as 1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km in multiple directions; ballistics occasionally fell as far as 2 km away. Frequent block avalanches caused by the explosions descended various drainages, including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), Santa Teresa (W), and Las Lajas (SE), and sometimes reached vegetated areas. Incandescent material was ejected 100-300 m above the summit on 22 and 24 March. Weak rumbling sounds and shock waves were frequently reported. On 21 March ashfall was reported in Panimache (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and Santa Sofía (12 km SW).
Report for Nevado del Ruiz
Servicio Geológico Colombiano’s (SGC) Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Manizales reported that eruptive activity at Nevado del Ruiz continued during 19-25 March. Seismicity associated with fluid movement decreased in both the number of events recorded and seismic energy released; most of these signals were associated with pulsating emissions of ash and gas. At 0516 on 22 March a seismic signal was associated with an ash emission that rose 1,100 m above the crater and drifted 1,400 m to the SW and W; this was the highest intensity signal this year. Several ash emissions were seen with a webcam. Seismicity associated with rock fracturing decreased in the number of events but increased in seismic energy released. These earthquakes at depths of 1-6 km below the summit were primarily located on the E flank, 3-5 km from the Arenas Crater, with additional events in other areas within 10 km of the crater. The largest event of the period was M 2.0 at 1217 on 24 March. Several thermal anomalies on the crater floor were identified in satellite data. The Alert Level remained at Yellow (the second level on a four-level scale), and the public was warned to stay out of the restricted areas around Arenas Crater.
Report for Fernandina
Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) reported that moderate eruptive activity continued at Fernandina during 20-26 March. Daily thermal anomalies were detected in satellite images. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions identified in TROPOMI satellite data totaled 158 tons on 20 March, 720 tons on 24 March, and 790 tons during 25-26 March. Secretaría de Gestión de Riesgos (SGR) maintained the Alert Level at White (the lowest level on a four-color scale).
Report for Sabancaya
Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP) reported that moderate levels of eruptive activity continued at Sabancaya during 20-26 March. The monitoring network recorded a range of 5-30 explosions per day. Explosions generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the summit crater and drifted less than 10 km in multiple directions; plume heights were not visible during 24-26 March. Seismic signals associated with the movement of magma and gases were registered; totaled counts ranged between 16 and 76 events per day. Thermal anomalies over the lava dome in the summit crater were identified in satellite images almost daily but were not detected during the night of 22 March. Deformation monitoring data indicated continued slight inflation near the Hualca Hualca sector (4 km N). The Alert Level remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale) and the public was reminded to stay at least 12 km away from the summit crater in all directions.
Report for Reykjanes
According to the Icelandic Meteorological Office (IMO), eruptive activity along the fissure that opened on 16 March began to stabilize on 20 March, with vents remaining in the same locations as previous days where cones had been built. The lava flows traveled S on top of older flows from the previous episodes in December 2023 and January-February 2024. Little or no change was observed at the flow fronts near Suðurstrandarvegur (the southern coast road) and Svartsengi. Lava began to flow into Melhólsnáma mine during 23-24 March, eventually filling it. Seismicity remained low. Early SO2 flux measurements from 17 March were up to 50 kg/s, but preliminary results from a more recent measurement indicated that the rate had decreased substantially. On the morning of 20 March, the National Land Survey of Iceland and the Institute of Natural History conducted aerial photography flights. Based on image analysis, an average discharge rate of 14.5 cubic meters per second during 17-20 March was estimated, and the new lava field was about 5.58 square kilometers with a volume of 20.9 million cubic meters. By 25 March the eruptive activity had decreased and possibly ceased at the smaller cones. The cones that remained active continued to grow, and the main lava flow extended south and bent westward. Seismicity and volcanic tremor gradually decreased. GPS monitoring continued to detect inflation at Svartsengi, but at a slower rate. High levels of SO2 were measured in Höfn and Grindavík over the past few days, and IMO warned of risk associated with gas emissions.