Bezymianny | Continuing eruption

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) and Laboratory for Seismic and Volcanic Activity Research (ISVA) reported that the eruption continued at Bezymianny on 30 September 2025 (local). The aviation alert level remained at "Yellow" (level 2 on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: unavailable or not collected
Aviation Alert Level: "Yellow" (level 2 on a 4-level scale)

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Laboratory for Seismic and Volcanic Activity Research (ISVA)

Dempo | Continuing eruption

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Dempo on 30 September 2025 (local). The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Dukono | Continuing eruption

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Dukono on 30 September 2025 (local). There was 1 explosion reported, with plumes rising to a maximum of 400 m (1,312 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Fuego | Continuing eruption

The Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported that the eruption continued at Fuego between 29 September 2025 (local) and 30 September 2025 (local). Explosions ejected incandescent material up to 200 m above the vent. There were explosions reported, occurring at a rate of up to 10 per hour, with plumes rising to a maximum of 937 m (3,074 ft) above the vent. There were incandescent rockfalls. Activity also included: audible sounds (e.g., booms, rumbling), shockwave.

Observatory Alert Level: unavailable or not collected
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH)

Great Sitkin | Continuing eruption

The United States Geological Survey - Alaska Volcano Observatory (USGS-AVO) reported that the eruption continued at Great Sitkin between 29 September 2025 (local) and 30 September 2025 (local). Lava continued to erupt in the summit crater. Satellite data through 30 September indicated a continued gradual advancement of the lava flow, extending SE and SE from the vent. There were seismically detected rockfalls. The alert level remained at "Watch" (level 3 on a 4-level scale). The aviation alert level remained at "Orange" (level 3 on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Watch" (level 3 on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: "Orange" (level 3 on a 4-level scale)

Source: United States Geological Survey - Alaska Volcano Observatory (USGS-AVO)

Ibu | Continuing eruption

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Ibu on 30 September 2025 (local). There were 101 explosions reported, with plumes rising to a maximum of 600 m (1,969 ft) above the vent. There were 2 seismically detected rockfalls. The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Kīlauea | Continuing eruption

The United States Geological Survey - Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (USGS-HVO) reported that the eruption continued at Kilauea on 30 September 2025 (local). Intermittent strong glow was observed at the south vent throughout the night and early morning. A total of 10 overflows were recorded between midnight and just before 0600 on 30 September. The alert level remained at "Watch" (level 3 on a 4-level scale). The aviation alert level remained at "Orange" (level 3 on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Watch" (level 3 on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: "Orange" (level 3 on a 4-level scale)

Source: United States Geological Survey - Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (USGS-HVO)

Kanlaon | Continuing eruption

The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported that the eruption continued at Kanlaon on 30 September 2025 (local). Plume(s) rose to a maximum of 300 m (984 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at "2 - Moderate Level of Volcanic Unrest" (level 2 on a 0–5 level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "2 - Moderate Level of Volcanic Unrest" (level 2 on a 0–5 level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)

Krasheninnikov | Continuing eruption

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) and Laboratory for Seismic and Volcanic Activity Research (ISVA) reported that the eruption continued at Krasheninnikov on 30 September 2025 (local). The aviation alert level remained at "Orange" (level 3 on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: unavailable or not collected
Aviation Alert Level: "Orange" (level 3 on a 4-level scale)

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Laboratory for Seismic and Volcanic Activity Research (ISVA)

Lewotobi | Continuing eruption

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Lewotobi (Laki-Laki) on 30 September 2025 (local). There were 11 explosions reported, with plumes rising to a maximum of 2,000 m (6,562 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at "Level 3 - Standby" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 3 - Standby" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Lewotolok | Continuing eruption

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Lewotolok on 30 September 2025 (local). There were 224 explosions reported, with plumes rising to a maximum of 500 m (1,640 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at "Level 3 - Standby" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 3 - Standby" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Marapi | Continuing eruption

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Marapi on 30 September 2025 (local). There were 2 explosions reported, with plumes rising to a maximum of 400 m (1,312 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Merapi | Continuing eruption

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Merapi on 30 September 2025 (local). There were 12 hot rockfalls, traveling up to 1,900 m. There were 87 seismically detected rockfalls. The alert level remained at "Level 3 - Standby" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 3 - Standby" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Popocatépetl | Continuing eruption

The Centro Nacional de Prevención de Desastres (CENAPRED) reported that the eruption continued at Popocatépetl between 29 September 2025 (local) and 30 September 2025 (local). Ash, gas, and vapor plume(s) were reported. The alert level remained at "Yellow Alert - Phase 2" (level 4 on a 7-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Yellow Alert - Phase 2" (level 4 on a 7-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Centro Nacional de Prevención de Desastres (CENAPRED)

Poás | Continuing eruption

The Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica - Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA) reported that the eruption continued at Poás on 30 September 2025 (local). The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Warning" (on a 0–4 level scale). The aviation alert level remained at "Yellow" (level 2 on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Warning" (on a 0–4 level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: "Yellow" (level 2 on a 4-level scale)

Source: Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica - Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA)

Reventador | Continuing eruption

The Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) reported that the eruption continued at Reventador between 29 September 2025 (local) and 30 September 2025 (local). The alert level remained at "3 - Orange" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "3 - Orange" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN)

Sabancaya | Continuing eruption

The Centro Vulcanológico Nacional del Instituto Geofísico del Perú (CENVUL-IGP) reported that the eruption continued at Sabancaya between 29 September 2025 (local) and 30 September 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 700 m (2,297 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at "Orange" (level 3 on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Orange" (level 3 on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Centro Vulcanológico Nacional del Instituto Geofísico del Perú (CENVUL-IGP)

Sangay | Continuing eruption

The Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) reported that the eruption continued at Sangay between 29 September 2025 (local) and 30 September 2025 (local). Ash and gas plume(s) rose to a maximum of 1,300 m (4,265 ft) above the vent. There were 97 seismically detected explosions reported. There were incandescent rockfalls, descending 1,400 m below the crater. The alert level remained at "2 - Yellow" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "2 - Yellow" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN)

Santa María | Continuing eruption

The Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported that the eruption continued at Santa María between 29 September 2025 (local) and 30 September 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 400 m (1,312 ft) above the vent. Blocky lava extrusion continued at Caliente Dome. There were explosions reported, occurring at a rate of up to 2 per hour, with plumes rising to a maximum of 700 m (2,297 ft) above the vent. Lava extrusion occasionally triggered pyroclastic density currents (PDCs), or pyroclastic flows, which descended up to 2,000 m along the S flank. There were rockfalls.

Observatory Alert Level: unavailable or not collected
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH)

Semeru | Continuing eruption

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that the eruption continued at Semeru on 30 September 2025 (local). There were 63 explosions reported, with plumes rising to a maximum of 500 m (1,640 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Sheveluch | Continuing eruption

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) and Laboratory for Seismic and Volcanic Activity Research (ISVA) reported that the eruption continued at Sheveluch on 30 September 2025 (local). The aviation alert level remained at "Orange" (level 3 on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: unavailable or not collected
Aviation Alert Level: "Orange" (level 3 on a 4-level scale)

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Laboratory for Seismic and Volcanic Activity Research (ISVA)

Suwanosejima | Continuing eruption

The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported that the eruption continued at Suwanosejima on 30 September 2025 (local). There was 1 explosion reported, with plumes rising to a maximum of 1,000 m (3,281 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Restriction on proximity to the crater" (on a 5-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Restriction on proximity to the crater" (on a 5-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

Taal | Continuing eruption

The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported that the eruption continued at Taal on 30 September 2025 (local). Plume(s) rose to a maximum of 900 m (2,953 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at "1 - Low-Level Unrest" (on a 0–5 level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "1 - Low-Level Unrest" (on a 0–5 level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)

Akan | Unrest

The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported that unrest continued at Akan on 30 September 2025 (local). The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Restriction on proximity to the crater" (on a 5-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Restriction on proximity to the crater" (on a 5-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

Awu | Unrest

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Awu on 30 September 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 20 m (66 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Banda Api | Unrest

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Banda Api on 30 September 2025 (local). The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Bulusan | Unrest

The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported that unrest continued at Bulusan on 30 September 2025 (local). Plume(s) rose to a maximum of 50 m (164 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at "1 - Low Level of Volcanic Unrest" (level 1 on a 0–5 level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "1 - Low Level of Volcanic Unrest" (level 1 on a 0–5 level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)

Bur ni Telong | Unrest

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Telong, Bur ni on 30 September 2025 (local). The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Dieng Volcanic Complex | Unrest

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Dieng Volcanic Complex on 30 September 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 30 m (98 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Gamalama | Unrest

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Gamalama on 30 September 2025 (local). The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Karangetang | Unrest

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Karangetang on 30 September 2025 (local). The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Karymsky | Unrest

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) and Laboratory for Seismic and Volcanic Activity Research (ISVA) reported that unrest continued at Karymsky on 30 September 2025 (local). The aviation alert level remained at "Yellow" (level 2 on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: unavailable or not collected
Aviation Alert Level: "Yellow" (level 2 on a 4-level scale)

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Laboratory for Seismic and Volcanic Activity Research (ISVA)

Kerinci | Unrest

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Kerinci on 30 September 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 400 m (1,312 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Krakatau | Unrest

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Krakatau on 30 September 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 10 m (33 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Kusatsu-Shiranesan | Unrest

The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported that unrest continued at Kusatsu-Shiranesan between 29 September 2025 (local) and 30 September 2025 (local). The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Restriction on proximity to the crater" (on a 5-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Restriction on proximity to the crater" (on a 5-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

Lokon-Empung | Unrest

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Lokon-Empung on 30 September 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 25 m (82 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at "Level 3 - Standby" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 3 - Standby" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Mayon | Unrest

The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported that unrest continued at Mayon on 30 September 2025 (local). Plume(s) were reported. Faint crater incandescence, observable only through a telescope, was reported. The alert level remained at "1 - Abnormal" (on a 0–5 level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "1 - Abnormal" (on a 0–5 level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)

Nishinoshima | Unrest

The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported that unrest continued at Nishinoshima between 1 September 2025 (local) and 30 September 2025 (local). A small amount of white steam was reported on the E side of the central crater of the pyroclastic cone and from the surface of the crater lake. The alert level remained at "Volcanic Warning - sea areas" (level 2 on a 2-level scale). The alert level remained at "Caution advised in non-residential areas near the crater" (level 3 on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Caution advised in non-residential areas near the crater" (level 3 on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

Pacaya | Unrest

The Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported that unrest continued at Pacaya between 29 September 2025 (local) and 30 September 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 100 m (328 ft) above the vent.

Observatory Alert Level: unavailable or not collected
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH)

Planchón-Peteroa | Unrest

The Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería (SERNAGEOMIN) reported that unrest continued at Planchón-Peteroa between 16 September 2025 (local) and 30 September 2025 (local). The alert level remained at "Yellow" (level 2 on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Yellow" (level 2 on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería (SERNAGEOMIN)

Raung | Unrest

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Raung on 30 September 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 200 m (656 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Rincón de la Vieja | Unrest

The Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica - Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA) reported that unrest continued at Rincón de la Vieja on 30 September 2025 (local). The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Warning" (on a 0–4 level scale). The aviation alert level remained at "Yellow" (level 2 on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Warning" (on a 0–4 level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: "Yellow" (level 2 on a 4-level scale)

Source: Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica - Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA)

Ruang | Unrest

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Ruang on 30 September 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 50 m (164 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Shishaldin | Unrest

The United States Geological Survey - Alaska Volcano Observatory (USGS-AVO) reported that unrest continued at Shishaldin between 29 September 2025 (local) and 30 September 2025 (local). The alert level remained at "Advisory" (level 2 on a 4-level scale). The aviation alert level remained at "Yellow" (level 2 on a 4-level scale). Activity also included: SO2 degassing.

Observatory Alert Level: "Advisory" (level 2 on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: "Yellow" (level 2 on a 4-level scale)

Source: United States Geological Survey - Alaska Volcano Observatory (USGS-AVO)

Sinabung | Unrest

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Sinabung on 30 September 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 400 m (1,312 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Slamet | Unrest

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Slamet on 30 September 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 100 m (328 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Soputan | Unrest

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Soputan on 30 September 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 15 m (49 ft) above the vent. There was 1 seismically detected rockfall. The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Sumisujima | Unrest

The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported that unrest continued at Sumisujima between 1 September 2025 (local) and 30 September 2025 (local). A yellowish-white to bluish-white plume of discolored water was observed extending approximately 1,800 m W of the southern coast. The maritime alert level remained at "Volcanic Warning - sea areas" (level 2 on a 2-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: unavailable or not collected
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

Tengger Caldera | Unrest

The Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG) reported that unrest continued at Tengger Caldera on 30 September 2025 (local). Gas and vapor plume(s) rose to a maximum of 600 m (1,969 ft) above the vent. The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Alert" (on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard/Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (CVGHM/PVMBG)

Turrialba | Unrest

The Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica - Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA) reported that unrest continued at Turrialba on 30 September 2025 (local). The alert level remained at "Level 2 - Warning" (on a 0–4 level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Level 2 - Warning" (on a 0–4 level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica - Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA)

Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba | Monitored but nothing observed

The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported on activity at Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba between 1 September 2025 (local) and 30 September 2025 (local). The alert level remained at "Volcanic Warning - sea areas" (level 2 on a 2-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Volcanic Warning - sea areas" (level 2 on a 2-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

Myojinsho | Monitored but nothing observed

The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported on activity at Myojinsho between 1 September 2025 (local) and 30 September 2025 (local). The maritime alert level remained at "Volcanic Warning - sea areas" (level 2 on a 2-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: unavailable or not collected
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

Piton de la Fournaise | Background or normal activity

The Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris - Observatoire volcanologique du Piton de la Fournaise (IPGP-OVPF) issued a report for Fournaise, Piton de la between 1 September 2025 (local) and 30 September 2025 (local). The alert level remained at "No alert in progress" (unranked on a 5-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "No alert in progress" (unranked on a 5-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: unavailable or not collected

Source: Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris - Observatoire volcanologique du Piton de la Fournaise (IPGP-OVPF)

Ruapehu | Background or normal activity

The GeoNet issued a report for Ruapehu between 20 August 2025 (local) and 30 September 2025 (local). The alert level remained at "1 - Minor volcanic unrest" (level 1 on a 0–5 level scale). The aviation alert level remained at "Green" (level 1 on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "1 - Minor volcanic unrest" (level 1 on a 0–5 level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: "Green" (level 1 on a 4-level scale)

Yellowstone | Background or normal activity

The United States Geological Survey - Yellowstone Volcano Observatory (USGS-YVO) issued a report for Yellowstone between 1 September 2025 (local) and 30 September 2025 (local). The alert level remained at "Normal" (level 1 on a 4-level scale). The aviation alert level remained at "Green" (level 1 on a 4-level scale).

Observatory Alert Level: "Normal" (level 1 on a 4-level scale)
Aviation Alert Level: "Green" (level 1 on a 4-level scale)

Source: United States Geological Survey - Yellowstone Volcano Observatory (USGS-YVO)