The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported increased seismic activity at Mayon and new lava at the summit in December. Photos of the summit dome on 8 and 10 December revealed that dark lava spines had been recently extruded. The seismic network detected an increase in rockfalls from an average of three events per day in 2025 to an average of 16 events per day in December, coincident with the extrusion. The Alert Level remained at 1 (on a 0-5 scale); the public was warned to stay out of the 6-km-radius Permanent Danger Zone (PDZ) and pilots were advised to avoid flying close to the summit.

Geological Summary. Symmetrical Mayon, which rises above the Albay Gulf NW of Legazpi City, is the most active volcano of the Philippines. The steep upper slopes are capped by a small summit crater. Recorded eruptions since 1616 CE range from Strombolian to basaltic Plinian, with cyclical activity beginning with basaltic eruptions, followed by longer periods of andesitic lava flows. Eruptions occur predominately from the central conduit and have also produced lava flows that travel far down the flanks. Pyroclastic density currents and mudflows have commonly swept down many of the approximately 40 ravines that radiate from the summit and have often damaged populated lowland areas. A violent eruption in 1814 killed more than 1,200 people and devastated several towns.

Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)