Most Recent Weekly Report: 27 November-3 December 2024 Cite this Report

The Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH) reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 26 November-3 December. Daily explosions were recorded by the seismic network at rates of 4-13 per hour. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose over 1 km above the summit and drifted as far as 50 km SW and W. During dark hours on most days incandescent ejecta from explosions was visible rising as high as 400 m above the summit. The explosions generated block avalanches that mostly descended the Las Lajas (SE), Seca (W), Taniluya (SSW), and Ceniza (SSW) drainages, but occasionally descended all flanks, and sometimes reached vegetated areas. Rumbling sounds and shock waves from explosions were occasionally reported. Ashfall was reported in Panimache I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (10 km SW), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), Yepocápa (8 km NW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Finca Palo Verde, Pochuta (24 km WNW), and Patulul (30 km W) on a few of the days and forecasted for areas downwind on the other days.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

Most Recent Bulletin Report: September 2023 (BGVN 48:09) Cite this Report

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27 November-3 December 2024 Cite this Report

The Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH) reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 26 November-3 December. Daily explosions were recorded by the seismic network at rates of 4-13 per hour. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose over 1 km above the summit and drifted as far as 50 km SW and W. During dark hours on most days incandescent ejecta from explosions was visible rising as high as 400 m above the summit. The explosions generated block avalanches that mostly descended the Las Lajas (SE), Seca (W), Taniluya (SSW), and Ceniza (SSW) drainages, but occasionally descended all flanks, and sometimes reached vegetated areas. Rumbling sounds and shock waves from explosions were occasionally reported. Ashfall was reported in Panimache I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (10 km SW), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), Yepocápa (8 km NW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Finca Palo Verde, Pochuta (24 km WNW), and Patulul (30 km W) on a few of the days and forecasted for areas downwind on the other days.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

6 November-12 November 2024 Cite this Report

The Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH) reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 6-12 November. Daily explosions were recorded by the seismic network at rates of 5-13 per hour. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose 4.5-4.8 km above the summit and drifted as far as 30 km SW and W. Weak-to-moderate rumbling sounds and shock waves from explosions were occasionally reported. The explosions also generated weak-to-moderate block avalanches around the crater and sometimes descended toward the Las Lajas (SE), Seca (W), Taniluya (SSW), Honda (E), and Ceniza (SSW) drainages and sometimes reached vegetated areas. On most days, explosions ejected incandescent material up to 300 m above the summit. On 8 November rainfall in the area generated a weak-to-moderate lahar in the Ceniza drainage (SSW, a tributary of the Achíguate River), dragging a mixture of water, fine volcanic material, branches and tree trunks, as well as rock blocks 30 cm to 1.5 m in diameter. Ashfall was reported in Panimache I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (10 km SW), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), and other nearby communities on 6 November and in Panimache I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (10 km SW), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), and Los Yucales (12 km SW), and other nearby communities on 8 November.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

30 October-5 November 2024 Cite this Report

Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH) reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 30 October-5 November. Daily explosions were recorded by the seismic network at rates of 3-11 per hour. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose over 1 km above the summit and drifted as far as 30 km SW and W. Weak-to-moderate rumbling sounds and shock waves from explosions were occasionally reported. The explosions also generated weak-to-moderate block avalanches around the crater and often descended toward the Las Lajas (SE), Seca (W), Taniluya (SSW), and Ceniza (SSW) drainages and sometimes reaching vegetated areas. On most days, explosions ejected incandescent material up to 350 m above the summit. Ashfall was reported in Panimache (8 km SW), Morelia (10 km SW), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), Yucales (12 km SW), and other nearby communities on 31 October, and in Panimache (8 km SW), Morelia (10 km SW), Finca la Asunción (12 km SW), Ozuna (12 km SW), La Rochela (8 km SW) and Ceilán (9 km S) on 5 November.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

16 October-22 October 2024 Cite this Report

Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH) reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 16-21 October. Daily explosions were recorded by the seismic network, averaging 3-12 per hour when reported. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 1.2 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km SW, SE, and S. Weak rumbling sounds and shock waves from explosions were occasionally reported. The explosions often produced avalanches of material that descended the flanks, sometimes reaching vegetated areas. On most days, explosions ejected incandescent material up to 200 m above the summit. During the afternoon and evening of 16 October lahars descended the Ceniza, Zarco, Seca, and Mineral drainage, carrying tree branches, trunks, and blocks as large as 1.5 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

2 October-8 October 2024 Cite this Report

Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH) reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 1-8 October. Daily explosions were recorded by the seismic network, averaging 3-12 per hour when reported. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km in multiple directions. Weak rumbling sounds and shock waves from explosions were occasionally reported. On most days the explosions ejected incandescent material up to 350 m above the summit and onto the upper flanks. The explosions often produced avalanches of material that descended the flanks, sometimes reaching vegetated areas. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Yepocápa (8 km NW), Sangre de Cristo (10 km SW), and Finca Palo Verde during 4-5 October and La Rochela (8 km SSW), Finca Ceilán (9 km S), La Reunión (7 km SE), El Rodeo (10 km SSE), El Zapote (10 km SSE), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), and Alotenángo (8 km ENE) during 6-7 October. Ashfall was forecast for areas downwind on the other days.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

18 September-24 September 2024 Cite this Report

Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH) reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 17-24 September. Daily explosions were recorded by the seismic network, averaging 3-11 per hour when reported. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km in multiple directions. Weak rumbling sounds were reported on most days and shock waves were sometimes detected in local areas. The explosions ejected incandescent material generally up to 200 m above the summit on most days though material was ejected 300-400 m above the summit during 21-22 September. The explosions often produced avalanches of material that descended the flanks, sometimes reaching vegetated areas. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), El Porvenir (10 km S), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), Morelia (10 km SW), Los Yucales (12 km SW), and Yepocápa (8 km NW) during 17-18 September and in La Rochela (8 km SSW), Finca Ceilán (9 km S), El Zapote (10 km SSE), and El Rodeo during 21-22 September. Ashfall was forecast for areas downwind on the other days.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

4 September-10 September 2024 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 3-10 September. Daily explosions were recorded by the seismic network, averaging 3-10 per hour. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km NW, W, and SW. The explosions ejected incandescent material 100-200 m above the summit on most days and produced avalanches of material that descended the flanks, sometimes reaching vegetated areas. Weak rumbling sounds were reported on most days and shock waves were sometimes detected in local areas. Ashfall was reported on a few of the days in areas downwind including Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Finca Palo Verde (10 km SW), El Porvenir (10 km S), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (10 km SW), Morelia (10 km SW), Los Yucales (12 km SW), Yepocápa (8 km NW), and other nearby communities. Ashfall was forecast for areas downwind on some of the other days. During the evening of 19 Septrmber lahars descended the El Jute, Las Lahas, Ceniza, and Zarco drainages, carrying tree branches, trunks, and blocks as large as 1.5 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

14 August-20 August 2024 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 13-20 August. Daily explosions were recorded by the seismic network, averaging 3-11 per hour. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km NW, W, and SW. The explosions ejected incandescent material 50-300 m above the summit on most days and produced avalanches of material that descended the flanks, sometimes reaching vegetated areas. Weak rumbling sounds were reported on most days. Ashfall was reported on a few of the days in areas downwind including Panimaché I and II (8 km SW) Finca Palo Verde (10 km SW), El Porvenir (10 km S), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (10 km SW), Morelia (10 km SW), Los Yucales (12 km SW), Yepocápa (8 km NW), and other nearby communities. Ashfall was forecast for areas downwind on some of the other days. During the afternoon of 18 August lahars descended the Seca, Mineral, Ceniza, and Zarco drainages, carrying tree branches, trunks, and blocks as large as 1.5 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

31 July-6 August 2024 Cite this Report

Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 31 July-6 August. Daily explosions were recorded by the seismic network, ranging from 2 to 10 explosions per hour. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 4.8 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km SW and W. The explosions produced block avalanches that descended the Ceniza (SSW), Santa Teresa (W), Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), and Las Lajas (SE) drainages. On most days the explosions also ejected incandescent material 100-300 m above the summit, which was observed at night and early morning. The activity was often accompanied by weak-to-moderate rumbling sounds, shock waves, and sounds similar to a turbine engine lasting a few minutes at a time. Ashfall was reported on 31 July and 1 August in areas downwind including Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Finca Paloverde (10 km SW), El Porvenir (10 km S), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (10 km SW), Morelia (10 km SW), Los Yucales (12 km SW), and other nearby communities. Ashfall was forecast for areas downwind on some of the other days.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

10 July-16 July 2024 Cite this Report

Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 10-16 July. Daily explosions were recorded by the seismic network, ranging from 2-11 explosions per hour. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km in multiple directions. The explosions produced block avalanches that descended various drainages including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), Trinidad (SSW), and Las Lajas (SE), and Honda (E), and often reached vegetated areas. Weak rumbling sounds and shock waves were reported on most days. Ashfall was reported on 10, 12, 14, and 16 July in areas downwind including Panimaché I and II (8 km SW) Finca Paloverde (10 km SW), El Porvenir (10 km S), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (10 km SW), Morelia (10 km SW), Los Yucales (12 km SW), Yepocápa (8 km NW), and other nearby communities. Ashfall was forecast for areas downwind on some of the other days. The explosions also ejected incandescent material up to 100 m above the summit during 10-11 and 13-16 July. On 12 July lahars descended the Las Lajas, Seca, and Mineral drainages, carrying tree branches, trunks, and blocks as large as 1.5 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

26 June-2 July 2024 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 25 June-2 July. Daily explosions were recorded by the seismic network, averaging 1-7 per hour on most days, when counts were reported. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km N, NW, W, and SW. The explosions produced block avalanches that descended various drainages including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), and Las Lajas (SE), and Honda (E). Weak rumbling sounds and shock waves that rattled nearby houses and buildings within a 7-km radius were reported on most days. Ashfall was reported during the first half of the week in areas downwind including La Soledad (11 km N), Parramos (18 km NNE), Yepocapa (8 km NW), El Porvenir (11 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Quisaché (8 km NW), Pochuta (24 km WNW), Patulul (30 km W). Ashfall was forecast for areas downwind during the second half of the week. The explosions also ejected incandescent material up to 200 m above the summit on most days and crater incandescence could often be seen during the night or early mornings. On 28 June a lahar descended the Ceniza drainage, carrying tree branches, trunks, and blocks as large as 1.5 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

12 June-18 June 2024 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 11-18 June. Daily explosions were recorded by the seismic network, averaging 3-9 per hour on most days, when counts were reported. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km in multiple directions. Weather conditions often prevented visual observations during the second half of the week, though explosions and block avalanches were recorded by instruments and could often be heard. The explosions produced block avalanches that descended various drainages including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), and Las Lajas (SE), and Honda (E), and often reached vegetated areas. Weak rumbling sounds and shock waves that rattles nearby houses and buildings were reported on most days. Ashfall was reported during 11-12 and 15-16 June in areas downwind including Acatenango (8 km E), La Soledad (11 km N), Parramos (18 km NNE), Patzicia (17 km NNW), and Yepocapa (8 km NW). Ashfall was forecast for areas downwind on some of the other days. The explosions also ejected incandescent material up to 100-400 m above the summit during 11-13 and 16-17 June. On 12 June lahars descended the Las Lajas and Ceniza drainages, carrying tree branches, trunks, and blocks as large as 1.5 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

22 May-28 May 2024 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 21-28 May. Explosions were recorded daily, averaging 1-10 per hour on most days, when counts were reported. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km W, SW, and S. Frequent block avalanches descended various drainages including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), and Las Lajas (SE), Honda (E), and Trinidad (S), and sometimes reached vegetated areas. Weak rumbling sounds and shock waves that rattles nearby houses and buildings were reported on most days. Ashfall was reported on almost all days in areas downwind including El Porvenir (11 km SW), El Rodeo, Finca Palo Verde, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Los Yucales (12 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km WSW), and Morelia (9 km SW), Finca La Asunción (12 km SW), La Rochela (8 km SSW), Finca Ceilán (9 km S), and San Andrés Osuna (11 km SSW). Ashfall was forecasted for areas downwind during 26-27 May. The explosions also ejected incandescent material up to 400 m above the summit on most days. Weather conditions sometimes prevented visual observations.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

1 May-7 May 2024 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 30 April-7 May. Explosions were recorded daily, averaging 2-10 per hour on most days, when counts were reported. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 1.2 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km W, SW, and S. Frequent block avalanches descended various drainages including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), and Las Lajas (SE), Honda (E), and Trinidad (S), and sometimes reached vegetated areas. Weak rumbling sounds and shock waves were reported on most days. On a few of the days ashfall was reported in areas downwind including El Porvenir (11 km SW), El Rodeo, Finca Palo Verde, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Los Yucales (12 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km WSW), and Morelia (9 km SW), Finca La Asunción (12 km SW), La Rochela (8 km SSW), Finca Ceilán (9 km S), and San Andrés Osuna (11 km SSW). The explosions also ejected incandescent material up to 300 m above the summit on most days.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

3 April-9 April 2024 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 1-9 April. Explosions were recorded daily, averaging 2-10 per hour on most days, when counts were reported. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km NW, W, and SW. Explosions caused frequent, daily block avalanches that descended various drainages including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), and Las Lajas (SE), and sometimes reached vegetated areas. Weak rumbling sounds and shock waves were reported on most days. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind during 4-7 April including El Porvenir (11 km SW), El Rodeo, Finca Palo Verde, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Yepocapa (8 km NW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Los Yucales (12 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km WSW), and Morelia (9 km SW); ash possibly fell in La Soledad (11 km N), Acatenango (8 km E), Parramos (18 km NNE), and other nearby communities during 4-5 April. The explosions also ejected incandescent material up to 300 m above the summit during 5-6 April. In the afternoon of 8 April lahars descended the Las Lajas and Ceniza drainages, carrying tree branches, trunks, and blocks as large as 1.5 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

20 March-26 March 2024 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 20-26 March. Explosions were recorded daily, averaging 3-12 per hour each day. The explosions generated ash and gas plumes that rose as high as 1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km in multiple directions; ballistics occasionally fell as far as 2 km away. Frequent block avalanches caused by the explosions descended various drainages, including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), Santa Teresa (W), and Las Lajas (SE), and sometimes reached vegetated areas. Incandescent material was ejected 100-300 m above the summit on 22 and 24 March. Weak rumbling sounds and shock waves were frequently reported. On 21 March ashfall was reported in Panimache (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and Santa Sofía (12 km SW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

6 March-12 March 2024 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 6-12 March. Explosions were recorded daily, averaging 3-10 per hour on most days, when counts were reported. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km in multiple directions. Explosions caused frequent block avalanches that descended various drainages including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), and Las Lajas (SE), and sometimes reached vegetated areas. The explosions also ejected incandescent material 100-300 m above the summit on most days and occasionally ejected ballistics as far as 2 km. Weak rumbling sounds and shock waves were frequently reported. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Fincas La Candelaria, La Reunión (7 km SE), El Porvenir (11 km SW), El Rodeo, Finca Palo Verde, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Yepocapa (8 km NW), La Soledad (11 km N), Acatenango (8 km E), Parramos (18 km NNE), and other nearby communities during 5-6 and 10-11 March; ashfall was forecasted for downwind areas on most of the other days.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

21 February-27 February 2024 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 20-27 February. Explosions were recorded daily, averaging 5-11 per hour on most days, when counts were reported. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km W, SW, and S. Explosions caused frequent block avalanches that descended various drainages including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), and Las Lajas (SE), and sometimes reached vegetated areas. The explosions also ejected incandescent material 100-300 m above the summit on most of the days and ejected ballistics as far as 2 km during 20-21 February. Weak rumbling sounds and shock waves were frequently reported. Ashfall was reported on most days in areas downwind including Panimache I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km W), Finca La Asunción (12 km SW), La Rochela (8 km SSW), Finca Ceilán (9 km S), San Andrés Osuna (11 km SSW), Siquinalá (21 km SSW), and Santa Lucía Cotzumalguapa (22 km SW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

7 February-13 February 2024 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 7-13 February. Explosions were recorded daily, between 3-10 per hour. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 1.0 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 20 km in multiple directions. Explosions caused frequent block avalanches that descended various drainages including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), Honda (E), and Las Lajas (SE) and reached vegetated areas. The explosions also ejected incandescent material as high as 400 m above the summit and weak rumbling sounds and shockwaves were reported daily. On 7 February fine ashfall was reported in Panimaché I (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Finca La Asunción (12 km SW), La Rochela (8 km SSW), and other nearby communities.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

24 January-30 January 2024 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 23-31 January. Explosions were recorded daily, averaging 2-9 per hour on most days when counts were reported; daily reports were not available on 29 and 30 January. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 1.2 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km in multiple directions. Explosions caused frequent block avalanches that descended various drainages including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), and Las Lajas (SE) and reached vegetated areas. The explosions also ejected incandescent material 100-400 m above the summit on most of the days. Ashfall was reported during 25-26 and 27-28 January in areas downwind including Yepocapa (12 km SW), Panimache I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Finca Asuncion (12 km SW), La Rochela (8 km SSW), Finca Ceilán (9 km S), and San Andrés. Ashfall was forecasted to fall in communities to the N, NW, SW, and S on the other days. Weak rumbling sounds and shock waves were frequently reported.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

27 December-2 January 2024 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 27 December 2023-2 January 2024. Explosions were recorded daily, averaging 5-20 per hour on most days where counts were reported. The explosions generated ash-and-gas plumes that rose as high as 1.2 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km NW, N, NE, and E. Ashfall was reported on most of the days in areas downwind including Alotenango (8 km ENE), Ciudad Vieja (14 km NE), Parramos (18 km NNE), Sumpango (25 km NE), San Lucas (28 km NE), Sacatepéquez (18 km ENE), La Reunión (7 km SE), Alotenango (8 km ENE), La Antigua (18 km NE), San Miguel Dueñas (10 km NE), El Rodeo (10 km SSE), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), and San Cayetano. Weak rumbling sounds and shock waves were recorded daily and shook structures within a 10-km radius. Explosions caused daily block avalanches that descended various drainages including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), and Las Lajas (SE). The explosions ejected incandescent material 200-300 m above the summit on most of the days.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

29 November-5 December 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 29 November-5 December. Weak and moderate explosions were recorded daily; the number of explosive events averaged 1-12 per hour. Daily explosions produced gas-and-ash plumes that rose to 4.3-4.8 km a.s.l. (600-1,100 m above the summit) and drifted as far as 30 km SW, W, and NW. Fine ashfall was reported in areas downwind such as Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía, Yucales (12 km SW), Quisache, and Yepocapa (12 km SW) on 30 November, in Morelia, Finca Palo Verde (10 km WSW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km W), and Panimache (8 km SW) on 2 December, and in Panimaché I and II, Morelia, Santa Sofía, Yucales (12 km SW), and Yepocapa on 4 December. Additionally, explosions produced faint rumbles, shockwaves, pulses of incandescent ejecta 100-300 m above the crater, and weak and moderate avalanches that descended the Las Lajas (SE), Ceniza (SSW), Taniluyá (SW), Santa Teresa (W), and Seca (W) drainages.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

8 November-14 November 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 8-14 November. Weak and moderate explosions were recorded daily; the number of explosive events averaged 1-8 per hour during 8-9, 11-12, and 14 November, counts were not reported for 10 and 13 November. Daily explosions produced gas-and-ash plumes that rose to 4-4.8 km a.s.l. (300-1,100 m above the summit) and drifted as far as 30 km SW and W. Fine ashfall was reported in areas downwind such as Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía, and Yepocapa (12 km SW) on 8 November; Morelia, Santa Sofía, and Panimache (8 km SW) on 10 November; Panimaché I and II, Morelia, Santa Sofía, El Porvenir (11 km SW), Finca Palo Verde (10 km WSW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km W), and Yepocapa on 12 November; Panimache, Morelia, Santa Sofía, and Yucales (12 km SW) on 13 November; and Panimaché I y II, Morelia, Santa Sofía, El Porvenir, Sangre de Cristo, Finca Palo Verde, and Yepocapa on 14 November. Additionally, explosions produced faint rumbles, shockwaves, pulses of incandescent ejecta up to 100 m above the crater, and weak and moderate avalanches that descended the El Jute (ESE), Las Lajas (SE), Ceniza (SSW), and Seca (W) drainages.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

25 October-31 October 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that, in general, 2-7 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 24-31 October, though the rate of explosions was not noted on some of the days. The explosions generated ash-and-gas plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km mainly SW and W. Ashfall was reported on most of the days in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km W), San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), and Palo Verde (10 km WSW). Weak rumbling and shock waves were recorded daily. Explosions caused daily block avalanches that descended various drainages including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), El Jute (ESE), and Las Lajas (SE), sometimes reaching vegetated areas. The explosions ejected incandescent material 100-300 m above the summit on most of the days.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

11 October-17 October 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that, in general, 3-9 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 10-17 October, though the rate of explosions was not noted on some of the days. The explosions generated ash-and-gas plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km mainly SW, W, NW, and N. Minor ashfall was reported on a few of the days in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km W), Acatenango (8 km E), San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), La Soledad (7 km N), La Rochela (8 km SSW), and Las Palmas. Weak rumbling was heard daily, and shock waves were occasionally detected. Explosions caused daily block avalanches to descend various drainages including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda (E), and El Jute (ESE), and Las Lajas (SE). The explosions ejected incandescent material as high as 300 m above the summit on some of the days. In the afternoon of 11 October lahars descended the Las Lajas, El Jute, and Ceniza drainages, carrying tree branches, trunks, and blocks as large as 1.5 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

27 September-3 October 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that in general 3-8 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 26 September-3 October, though the rate was not determined on some of the days. The explosions generated ash-and-gas plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km NW, W, and SW. Minor ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km SE), Aldeas, and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). Rumbling was heard daily, and shock waves were occasionally detected. Explosions caused daily block avalanches to descend various drainages including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda (E), and El Jute (ESE), and Las Lajas (SE). The explosions ejected incandescent material as high as 300 m above the summit on most days. In the early afternoon on 27 September lahars descended the Mineral and Seca drainages, carrying tree branches, trunks, and blocks as large as 1 m in diameter. In the early evening on that same day lahars descended the Las Lajas and Jute drainages, carrying tree branches, trunks, and blocks as large as 1.5 m in diameter. In the afternoon of 29 September a hot lahar traveled down the Ceniza, carrying blocks as large as 1.5 m as well as tree trunks and branches. On 30 September a lahar in the Ceniza transported trunks and branches and blocks up to 3 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

13 September-19 September 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 4-10 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 13-19 September, generating ash-and-gas plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim. The ash plumes drifted as far as 30 km W and SW, causing minor ashfall in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Palo Verde (10 km WSW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km W), El Porvenir (8 km SE), and Yepocapa (9 km WNW). Daily shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano and rumbling was often heard. Explosions caused daily block avalanches to descend the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, Las Lajas (SE), and/or El Jute (ESE) drainages. The explosions also ejected incandescent material as high as 200 m above the summit.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

23 August-29 August 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 3-11 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 9-15 August, generating ash-and-gas plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim. The ash plumes drifted as far as 30 km SW during 23-24 August, causing ashfall in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), and Palo Verde (10 km WSW). During 25-29 August the plumes drifted E, NE, and N, causing ashfall in multiple areas including Alotenango (8 km ENE), La Reunion, El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Antigua Guatemala (18 km NE), San Miguel Dueñas (10 km NE), and Ciudad Vieja (13.5 km NE). Daily shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano and rumbling was sometimes heard. Daily block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, Las Lajas (SE), and El Jute (ESE) drainages. During 23-25 August explosions ejected incandescent material as high as 200 m above the summit. Lahars descended the Ceniza drainage on 29 August, transporting volcanic blocks up to 1.5 m in diameter, branches, and tree trunks.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

9 August-15 August 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 3-10 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 9-15 August, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim. The ash plumes drifted as far as 30 km NW, W, and SW causing daily ashfall in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Los Yucales (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), and Acatenango (8 km E). Daily shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano and rumbling was sometimes heard. Daily block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, Las Lajas (SE), and El Jute (ESE) drainages. On most days explosions ejected incandescent material as high as 200 m above the summit.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

26 July-1 August 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 26 July through 1 August. Low level gas-and-steam emissions drifted SW, W, and NW. Daily counts of weak to moderate explosions averaged 1-10 per hour. Sometimes explosions were accompanied by ash plumes that rose to 4.3-4.8 km (14,100-15,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 10-30 km W, NW, and SW. Explosions triggered weak and moderate avalanches that descended the Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), Ceniza (SSW), La Lajas (SE), Trinidad (S), El Jute (ESE), and Honda (E) drainages. Weak shock waves from the explosions vibrated the roofs and windows of nearby houses. Sounds similar to a jet engine lasting 1-2 minutes were reported on 31 July and 1 August. Minor ashfall was reported in areas downwind, including Panimaché I (7 km SW), Panimaché II (8 km WSW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km SE), Yucales (12 km SW), Finca Palo Verde (10 km WSW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km W), Yepocapa (9 km WNW), and Acatenango (8 km E). During the night and early morning of 27-28 July incandescent pulses were observed 100-200 m above the crater. Explosions ejected incandescent material up to 150 m above the crater on 30 July. Lahars were reported descending the Las Lajas, El Jute, and Ceniza drainages during 29 July, transporting volcanic blocks up to 1.5 m in diameter, branches, and tree trunks. On 30 July a lahar down the Seca and Ceniza drainages carried blocks up to 3 m in diameter, tree trunks, and branches.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

5 July-11 July 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 5-11 July. Steam-and-gas emissions rose 300-540 m above the crater rim and drifted SW, W, and NW. Daily counts of weak and sometimes moderate explosions averaged 2-7 per hour. Explosions triggered weak and moderate avalanches that descended the Honda (E), El Jute (ESE), Las Lajas (SE), Trinidad (S), Ceniza (SSW), and Seca (W) ravines. Sometimes explosions were accompanied by ash plumes that rose as high as 1 km above the crater and drifted as far as 20 km SW, W, and NW. Degassing sounds (similar to a jet engine) lasting 1-2 minutes were reported on most days. Minor ashfall was reported in areas downwind, including El Porvenir (8 km SE), Panimaché I (7 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Panimaché II (8 km WSW), Finca Palo Verde (10 km WSW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km W), and Yepocapa (9 km WNW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

28 June-4 July 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 1-3 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego most days during 27 June-4 July. Explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 800 m above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km SW, W, and NW. The explosions occasionally triggered weak-to-moderate avalanches that descended the Ceniza, Santa Teresa, and Las Lajas ravines. Ashfall was reported each day in areas downwind including Finca Asuncion (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km SE), Panimanché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Yucales (12 km SW), Finca Palo Verde (10 km WSW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km W), Yepocapa (9 km WNW), La Rochela (8 km SSW), and Ceylan (8 km S).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

21 June-27 June 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 1-6 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 21-27 June, generating daily ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km S, SW, W, and NW. The ash plumes were described as dense during 22-23 June and mostly gas with diffuse ash during 24-26 June. The explosions occasionally triggered weak-to-moderate avalanches that descended multiple ravines. Minor ashfall was reported on all days, except 21 June, in areas downwind including La Soledad (7 km N), El Porvenir (8 km SE), Panimanché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Yucales (12 km SW), Finca Palo Verde (10 km WSW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km W), and Yepocapa (9 km WNW). Lahars descended the Ceniza (SSW) ravine on 21 June and the El Jute (ESE) ravine on 23 June.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

14 June-20 June 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 1-6 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 14-20 June, generating daily ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim. The explosions were often accompanied by avalanches, shock waves, and minor rumbling sounds. The ash plumes drifted 10-30 km W and SW, causing daily ashfall in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Ceylon, El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Yepocapa (8 km NW), La Rochela, San Andrés Osuna, and Finca Palo Verde.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

31 May-6 June 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that daily gas emissions rose from Fuego during 31 May-4 June. During 2-3 June minor explosions occurring at a rate of two per hour produced diffuse ash plumes that rose 450 m above the summit and drifted 10 km W and SE. Minor ashfall was reported in El Zapote (10 km SSE), La Rochela (8 km SSW), and San Andrés Osuna (12 km SSW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

24 May-30 May 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 1-3 weak explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego on most days during 24-30 May. The explosions generated ash plumes that rose between 450-750 m above the summit. The plumes drifted as far as 10 km SE on 26 and 30 May, 10 km SE and S on 27 May, and 6 km SE and S on 29 May. Ashfall was reported in El Zapote (10 km SSE), La Rochela (8 km SSW), and San Andrés Osuna (12 km SSW) on 26 and 30 May. Minor crater incandescence was occasionally visible during some nights and early mornings. Minor lahars descended the Ceniza drainage on 25 and 28 May and a weak-to-moderate lahar descended the Santa Teresa on 29 May. Both lahars consisted of hot volcanic material, branches, tree trunks, and volcanic blocks as large as 1.5 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

17 May-23 May 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 1-4 weak explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego on most days during 16-23 May. The explosions generated ash plumes that rose 250-750 m above the crater; the plumes drifted S and SW during 18-20 May and as far as 10 km SW during 21-22 May. Slight incandescent at the crater was occasionally visible during dark hours a few times during the week. Very minor ashfall was reported in Morelia (9 km SW) and Panimaché (8 km SW) during 20-22 May.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

10 May-16 May 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that a range of 1-7 weak explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 10-16 May. The explosions generated ash plumes that rose to a maximum height of 850 m above the crater and drifted up to 12 km E, SE, S, and SW. Occasional weak avalanches of material were visible near the crater. During 9-10 May wind entrained loose ash that was deposited along the Ceniza, Las Lajas, and Seca drainages. On 12 May a minor lahar descended the Ceniza drainage, carrying branches, tree trunks, and volcanic blocks up to 1.5 m in diameter. Minor incandescent over the crater was visible overnight during 12-13 and 15-16 May. Wind entrained ash deposits during 15-16 May causing localized “curtains” of ash.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

3 May-9 May 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that activity at Fuego during 2-9 May included intense explosions, dense ash emissions, lava effusion, pyroclastic flows, and lahars. During 1-3 May there were 5-8 weak explosions per hour generating dense ash plumes that rose more than 1 km above the summit and drifted to 10-15 km W, SW, and S. Explosions were accompanied by rumbling sounds and shockwaves that vibrated nearby houses. During the morning and night incandescent material was visible 100-200 m above the crater. Avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW) and Las Lajas (SE) drainages, sometimes reaching vegetated areas. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Panimache I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Finca Palo Verde, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and Yepocapa (8 km N). In the early afternoon (around 1500) on 2 May lahars descended the Las Lajas and El Jute (ESE) drainages, carrying branches, tree trunks, and blocks 30 cm to 1.5 m in diameter; about 30 minutes later similar lahars descended the Ceniza drainage. At 1618 a weak-to-moderate pyroclastic flow traveled down the Ceniza and an associated ash plume drifted W and SW. Within 30 minutes after the pyroclastic flow a lahar descended the Seca (W), carrying tree trunks and branches, and blocks up to 1.5 m in diameter.

Activity intensified at around 0200 on 4 May with a new effusive phase; by 0510 a lava flow was traveling down the Ceniza drainage, incandescent material rose above the summit, avalanches were continuous, and ash-and-gas plumes drifted SW. At around 0700 weak-to-moderate pyroclastic flows descended the Ceniza and within 1.5 hours pyroclastic flows also descended the Las Lajas. Ashfall was reported on W-flank farms and communities including Finca La Asunción, La Rochela, Panimaché I and II, Morelia, Santa Sofía, as well as others at a greater distance such as San Rafael Sumatán (19 km WSW) and San Pedro Yepocapa. By 1000 moderate-to-strong pyroclastic flows were descending the W-flank Seca and Santa Teresa ravines. Loud rumbling sounds and shock waves were reported by local residents. Ashfall continued in communities near the Ceniza and Las Lajas ravines. Ash plumes rose 2.2 km above summit and drifted more than 50 km W and SW.

Activity continued at a high level and as of a special report posted at 1235 ash plumes were still rising more than 2.2 m above the summit. Pyroclastic flows were continuing and had traveled 5-7 km down the Ceniza, Las Lajas, Seca and Santa Teresa (W) drainages; the most intense pyroclastic flow had descended the Ceniza drainage minutes earlier. The ash plumes were identified in satellite images drifting more than 100 km W and SW. Significant ashfall continued in communities downwind and minor ashfall was reported in several municipalities of the department of Suchitepéquez.

The last pyroclastic flow descended the Ceniza at 1530. Avalanches continued to be seen and heard descending multiple flanks. Ash deposits up to 2 mm thick were noted on crops, houses, and streets. Activity began to wane at about 1800, though explosions continued to produce ash plumes that rose 1.2 km above the summit. The leading edge of the ash plume was 200 km W and SW of the volcano. According to CONRED, about 1,200 residents were preemptively evacuated from their homes in San Pedro Yepocapa, Chimaltenango (21 km NNE), Panimaché I and II, El Porvenir, and Morelia. According to news articles, a section of the RN-14 highway was closed from kilometer 84 of San Juan Alotenango, Sacatepequez (9 km ENE) to kilometer 95 in Escuintla due to the pyroclastic flows. An estimated 130,000 people lived within areas exposed to ashfall.

Activity during the morning of 5 May was characterized by some weak-to-moderate explosions, ash plumes that rose 850 m above the summit, crater incandescence, and ash in the air in communities around the Ceniza, Seca, and Las Lajas drainages. Ashfall continued to impact agriculture and infrastructure in Panimaché I, Morelia, Santa Sofía, La Rochela, Los Yucales, El Porvenir, Ceylon, Finca Asunción (12 km SW), Yepocapa, Santa Lucía Cotzumalguapa (22 km SW), Siquinalá (21 km SSW), and other nearby communities. By 1230 data from seismic and infrasound monitoring networks, webcam images, satellite data, and reports from observers in the field all indicated that activity had returned to normal levels. Weak explosions at a rate of 5-6 per hour produced minor ash plumes that rose as high as 850 m and drifted 30 km W. On 6 May weak explosion generated ash plumes that rose 750 m and drifted 10 km W and SW. The lava flow was no longer incandescent. According to a news report, residents returned to their communities that same day. During 7-9 May weak explosions continued to produce ash plumes that rose as high as 750 m above the summit and drifted W and SW. Minor avalanches descended the Ceniza and crater incandescence was occasionally observed.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED); Prensa Libre; Prensa Libre

26 April-2 May 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that a range of 5-14 weak and moderate explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 26 April-2 May. The explosions generated ash plumes, weak to moderate rumbling sounds, and shockwaves that vibrated the roofs and windows of nearby houses. Ash plumes rose 1.1 km above the crater and sometimes dispersed as far as 15 km S, SW, SE, and W. Ash fall was reported in Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (11 km SW), Finca La Asunción, La Rochela (8 km SSW), Finca Ceilán (9 km S), and San Andres Osuna. Incandescent material was ejected as high as 350 m above the crater almost daily. Weak and moderate avalanches descended multiple drainages including the Seca (W), Ceniza (SSW), Taniluyá (SW), Trinidad (S), Las Lajas (SE), Santa Teresa (ESE), and Honda (SE); sometimes reaching the edges of vegetation. In the evening on 27 April a weak-to-moderate lahar descended the Ceniza, a tributary of the Achiguate River, and consisted of fine-grain, hot material, branches, tree trunks, and blocks that ranged from 30 cm to 1.5 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

19 April-25 April 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 4-12 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 18-25 April, generating daily ash plumes that rose as high as 1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 65 km SW, S, SE, and E. Ashfall was recorded each day in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), La Rochela, Santa Sofía (12 km SW), San Andrés Osuna, Ceilan, Finca La Asunción, Ceylon, El Zapote (10 km S), Aldeas, El Rodeo and other nearby communities. Daily block avalanches descended multiple drainages including the Santa Teresa, Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, Las Lajas (SE), and El Jute (ESE), and often reached vegetated areas. Daily shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano and rumbling was often heard. Explosions ejected incandescent material as high as 350 m above the summit on most days. During 22-23 April the avalanches remobilized ash deposits causing a plume that rose 100 m and drifted S and SE. On 23 April lahars in the Ceniza drainage carried branches, tree trunks, and blocks 30 cm to 1.5 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

12 April-18 April 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 4-13 explosions per hour were generally recorded at Fuego during 11-18 April, generating daily ash plumes that rose as high as 1.7 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km SW, S, SE, and E. Daily ashfall was recorded in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), La Rochela, San Andrés Osuna, Ceylon, Finca La Asunción, El Zapote (10 km S), Alotenángo (8 km ENE), and other areas to the N and NE. Daily block avalanches descended multiple drainages including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, Las Lajas (SE), and El Jute (ESE), and often reached vegetated areas. Daily shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano and rumbling was often heard. Explosions ejected incandescent material as high as 350 m above the summit on most days.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

5 April-11 April 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 4-12 explosions per hour were generally recorded at Fuego during 4-11 April, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 20 km W, SW, and S. Weather clouds sometimes prevented views. Daily ashfall was recorded in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), La Rochela, San Andrés Osuna, Siquinala, Ceylon, Finca La Asunción, and Finca Palo Verde. Daily block avalanches descended multiple drainages including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, Las Lajas (SE), and El Jute (ESE), and often reached vegetated areas. Daily shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano and rumbling was often heard. Explosions ejected incandescent material as high as 350 m above the summit each day.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

29 March-4 April 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 4-12 explosions per hour recorded at Fuego during 29 March-4 April generated ash plumes that rose as high as 4.8 km above sea level (15,700 ft a.s.l.) and drifted at least 10 km W, NW, SE, SW. Weak to moderate rumbling accompanied the explosions, vibrating the roofs and windows of nearby houses. During the night and early morning incandescent material was ejected 100-200 m above the crater. Daily block avalanches descended all the flanks toward the Seca (W), Taniluya (SW), Ceniza (SSW), Trinidad (S), Las Lajas (SE), El Jute (ESE), Honda (E), and Santa Teresa drainages, sometimes reaching vegetated areas. Some avalanches resuspended ash to 100 m high. Ashfall was reported almost daily in areas downwind including Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Finca Asunción, Yepocapa (8 km NW), La Rochela, El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Finca Palo Verde, Aldeas, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Quisaché, and Ojo de Agua.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

22 March-28 March 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 4-10 explosions per hour recorded at Fuego during 22-28 March generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted at least 25 km in multiple directions. Ashfall was reported almost daily in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, La Rochela, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Finca Asunción, Aldeas, and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). Ashfall was not confirmed during 23-24 March Explosions ejected incandescent material up to 200 m above the crater. Daily block avalanches descended the flanks in various directions towards the Ceniza (SSW), Santa Teresa, Seca (W), Taniluya (SW), Trinidad (S), Las Lajas (SE), Honda (E), and El Jute (ESE) ravines, sometimes reaching vegetated areas. Shockwaves caused structures to shake in communities around the volcano.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

15 March-21 March 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 4-10 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 15-21 March, ejecting incandescent material up to 400 m above the crater and generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.3 km above the crater rim. The ash plumes drifted as far as 20 km in multiple directions. Ashfall was reported on a few of the days in areas downwind including, Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Finca Palo Verde, La Rochela, Finca Asunción, Ceilán, San Andrés Osuna, Aldeas, and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). Daily block avalanches descended the flanks in various directions towards the Ceniza (SSW), Santa Teresa, Seca (W), Taniluya (SW), Trinidad (S), Las Lajas (SE), Honda (E), and El Jute (ESE) ravines, sometimes reaching vegetated areas. Shockwaves caused structures to shake in communities immediately surrounding the volcano. A lahar notice issued at 1530 on 15 March described lahars in the Ceniza ravine that carried branches, tree trunks, and blocks 30 cm to 1.5 m in diameter. Lahars on 18 March descended the El Jute and Las Lahas drainages, carrying branches, tree trunks, and blocks 30 cm to 1.5 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

22 February-28 February 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 4-10 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 22-28 February, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km NW, W, and SW. Weather clouds often prevented visual observations on 22 February. Explosions ejected incandescent material 100-400 m above the summit each day, and daily shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano. Daily block avalanches descended various drainages including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, Las Lajas (SE), and El Jute (ESE), and often reached vegetated areas. Ashfall was recorded almost daily in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), Finca la Asunción, Finca Palo Verde, and La Soledad (11 km N).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

1 February-7 February 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 4-12 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 31 January-6 February, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 20 km SW, WSW, and W. Ashfall was recorded during 2-4 February in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), and Finca Palo Verde. Daily block avalanches descended various drainages including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, Las Lajas (SE), and El Jute (ESE), and often reached vegetated areas. Daily shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano and rumbling was often heard. Explosions ejected incandescent material 100-200 m above the summit each day. Resuspend ash deposits from high winds during 3-4 February formed “curtains” of ash on the S flank.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

4 January-10 January 2023 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 2-8 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 3-10 January, generating ash plumes that rose more than 1.2 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km in various directions. Daily ashfall was noted in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Los Yucales (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), and Finca Palo Verde. The avalanches occasionally resuspended ash deposits that rose 100 m and drifted W and SW. Daily shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano. Daily block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, Las Lajas (SE), El Jute (ESE), and Trinity drainages, sometimes reaching vegetated areas. Strombolian explosions ejected incandescent material as high as 300 m above the summit almost daily.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

7 December-13 December 2022 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that the eruption at Fuego was ongoing during 7-13 December, though activity had notably intensified during 10-11 December. The seismic network recorded 4-10 explosions per hour during the week, with ash plumes rising as high as 1.2 km above the crater rim. The ash plumes generally drifted 10-20 km NW, W, and SW, causing daily ashfall in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Finca Palo Verde, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). Daily shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano. Daily block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, Las Lajas (SE), and El Jute (ESE) drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Strombolian explosions ejected incandescent material as high as 200 m above the summit on a few of the days.

Activity increased on 10 December. In a special report posted at 2241, INSIVUMEH noted that in the previous minutes multiple explosions of variable intensities produced ash plume that rose 1.2 km above the summit and drifted 30 km W and NW. Pulsating lava fountains rose as high as 500 m above the summit. A lava flow had traveled 800 m down the Ceniza drainage by the time the report was issued, and avalanches of material spalled from its front reached vegetated areas. At 2300 pyroclastic flows descended the Las Lajas drainage several kilometers. Dense ash plumes and pyroclastic flows down the Las Lajas drainage continued for at least an hour. Just before 0030 on 11 December pyroclastic flows traveled several kilometers down the Ceniza drainage on the SW flank. Lava fountains rose as high as 300 m. By 0640 dense ash plumes were rising over 1.2 km above the summit and the lava flow remained active. Avalanches of material from the advancing lava front descended to vegetated areas. Satellite images showed that ash clouds had spread NE, E, and SE, covering a wide area in the department of Sacatepéquez and the central and southern parts of the department of Guatemala. Activity decreased by the early afternoon; lava fountaining, dense ash emissions, and pyroclastic flows had all ceased before 1410.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

30 November-6 December 2022 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 4-12 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 29 November-6 December, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim. The ash plumes drifted as far as 30 km W, WSW, and SW causing daily ashfall in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Los Yucales (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), Finca Palo Verde, Ojo de Agua, and Santa Emilia. Daily shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano. Daily block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, Las Lajas (SE), El Jute (ESE), and Trinity drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Strombolian explosions ejected incandescent material as high as 400 m above the summit on a few of the days.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

9 November-15 November 2022 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 5-12 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 9-15 November, generating daily ash plumes that rose as high as 4.5-4.8 km above the crater rim. The ash plumes drifted as far as 10-15 km S, SE, E, NE, SW, and W, causing fine ashfall in areas downwind, including Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), La Asunción, La Rochela, Ceilán, San Andrés Osuna, El Rodeo, Ceylén, Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Finca Palo Verde, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and Yepocapa (8 km NW). The explosions generated weak and moderate rumbling that vibrated the roofs and windows of nearby houses. Daily block avalanches descended the Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), Ceniza (SSW), Trinidad (S), Las Lajas (SE), Honda, Santa Teresa, and El Jute (ESE) drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. The avalanches uplifted fine material 200 m high that dispersed to the S and SW. Explosions ejected incandescent material as high as 400 m above the summit. Weak crater incandescence was observed accompanied by gas-and-steam emissions. On 9 November lahars were generated in the Las Lajas and Ceniza drainages, which carried branches, tree trunks, and blocks 30 cm to 1.5 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

2 November-8 November 2022 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 4-10 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 1-8 November, generating daily ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim. The ash plumes drifted as far as 15 km NW, W, SW, and SSW, causing almost daily ashfall in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Los Yucales (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), La Rochela, San Andrés Osuna, Finca la Asunción, and Ceilán. Daily shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano. Daily block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, Las Lajas (SE), and El Jute (ESE) drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Explosions ejected incandescent material as high as 200 m above the summit on some of the days.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

5 October-11 October 2022 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 5-10 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 4-10 October, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.2 km above the crater rim. The ash plumes drifted as far as 20 km NW, W, SW, and SSW causing almost daily ashfall in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Los Yucales (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), Finca Palo Verde, La Rochela, and Ceilán. Daily shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano. Daily block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, Las Lajas (SE), and El Jute (ESE) drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Explosions ejected incandescent material as high as 350 m above the summit on some of the days. Lahars resulting from substantial rainfall descended the Las Lajas and El Jute drainages on the ESE flank on 11 October, carrying tree branches, trunks, and blocks as large as 1.5 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

31 August-6 September 2022 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 4-13 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 30 August-6 September, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim. The ash plumes drifted as far as 30 km N, NW, W, and SW, causing daily ashfall in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Los Yucales (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), and Finca Palo Verde. Daily shock waves rattled structures in communities within about 10 km around the volcano. Daily block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, and Las Lajas (SE) drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Explosions ejected incandescent material 100-300 m above the summit each day. Lahars resulting from substantial rainfall descended the Las Lajas and El Jute drainages on the ESE flank and the Ceniza drainage on the SSW flank during 29-30 August and on 2 September, carrying tree branches, trunks, and blocks as large as 2 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

3 August-9 August 2022 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 3-10 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 2-9 August, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim. The ash plumes drifted as far as 30 km W and SW, causing daily ashfall in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Los Yucales (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), Ojo de Agua, and Finca Palo Verde. Daily shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano and rumbling was occasionally heard. Daily block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, and Las Lajas (SE) drainages. Explosions ejected incandescent material 100-300 m above the summit each day.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

29 June-5 July 2022 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 4-10 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 28 June-5 July, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.2 km above the crater rim. The ash plumes drifted 10-30 km W and SW, causing daily ashfall in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Los Yucales (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and Finca Palo Verde. Daily shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano and occasional rumbling was heard. Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, and Las Lajas (SE) drainages. Explosions ejected incandescent material 100-300 m above the summit on most days. An effusive phase began during the evening of 2 July, and by 4 July a lava flow had traveled 1 km down in the Ceniza drainage. On 4 July pyroclastic flows traveled 6 km down the Ceniza drainage and generated ash plumes that rose 5 km.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

25 May-31 May 2022 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 2-9 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 24-31 May, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim. The ash plumes drifted as far as 30 km in multiple directions, causing ashfall on most days in areas downwind including La Soledad (11 km N), Chimaltenango (21 km NNE), Parramos, Yepocapa (8 km N), Quisaché, Santa Isabel, La Rochela, El Zapote (10 km S), and La Trinidad (S). Ashfall was probable but not reported on three of the days. Daily shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano and occasional rumbling was heard. Block avalanches descended the upper flanks in all directions, but most commonly were visible in the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, and Las Lajas (SE) drainages. Explosions ejected incandescent material 100-400 m above the summit on most days. Lahars descended the Ceniza and El Jute (SE) drainages during 27-28 May.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

18 May-24 May 2022 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 23 May lahars descended Fuego in the Las Lajas drainage (SE), the Ceniza drainage (SSW), and the Honda drainage (E); all three lahars carried fine material along with tree trunks, branches, and blocks as large as 1.5 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

11 May-17 May 2022 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 2-9 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 10-17 May, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim. The ash plumes drifted 10-15 km E, SE, S, and SW causing daily ashfall in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, Finca la Asunción, El Zapote (10 km S), Ceylon, Yucales (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Alotenángo (8 km ENE), San Miguel Dueñas (10 km NE), San Sebastián, and La Rochela. Daily shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano and occasional rumbling was heard. Block avalanches descended the flanks in all directions, but most commonly were visible in the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, and Las Lajas (SE) drainages. Daily explosions ejected incandescent material 100-350 m above the summit.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

20 April-26 April 2022 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 2-10 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 21-25 April, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.3 km above the crater rim. The ash plumes mainly drifted as far as 15 km SE, S, and SW causing daily ashfall in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Finca Palo Verde, Finca la Asunción, El Zapote (10 km S), San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), Ceylon, San Andrés Osuna, and La Rochela. Shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano on most days and occasional rumbling was heard. Block avalanches descended the flanks in all directions, but most commonly were visible in the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, and Las Lajas (SE) drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Explosions ejected incandescent material 100-350 m above the summit during 21-24 April.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

30 March-5 April 2022 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 4-8 explosions per hour were detected at Fuego during 30 March through 5 April, generating gas-and-ash emissions that rose to 4.9 km (16,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted as far as 30 km NW, W, SW, and S. Block avalanches descended the Las Lajas (SE), Seca (W), Ceniza (SSW), Taniluyá (SW), Trinidad (S), Honda, and Santa Teresa drainages. At night, incandescence was observed up to 150 m above the crater. Fine ashfall was reported in Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, Yepocapa (8 km NW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). Shock waves from the explosions and rumbling sounds rattled local structures. Based on satellite and wind model data, the Washington VAAC reported that during 29 March through 4 April ash plumes from Fuego rose to 4.9 km (16,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE, E, SW, S, WNW, WSW.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED); Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

9 March-15 March 2022 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH and CONRED confirmed that pyroclastic flows at Fuego descended multiple flanks on 7 March, though those that traveled SW, S, and SE went as far as 7 km. Vegetation and crops were impacted by the farther-traveling, high-temperature pyroclastic flows as well as ashfall, based on satellite data and field reports from staff at the Observatorio Vulcanológico del Volcán de Fuego (OVFGO). A large amount of ash also fell on homes and structures.

As many as 10 explosions per hour were recorded during 8-15 March. Multiple daily ash plumes rose up to 1.3 km above the summit and drifted as far as 20 km W and SW. Ashfall was reported almost daily in areas downwind, including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), finca Palo Verde, Yepocapa (8 km NW). Shock waves from the explosions and rumbling sounds rattled local structures. Block avalanches mainly descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), and Las Lajas (SE) drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Explosions ejected incandescent material up to 200-400 m above the summit during 11-14 March.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

2 March-8 March 2022 Cite this Report

In a series of special bulletins, INSIVUMEH summarized increased activity at Fuego during 6-8 March that culminated in multiple pyroclastic flows and evacuations. A new period of effusion had begun on 5 March, resulting in a 300-m-long lava flow in the Ceniza drainage on the SSW flank. Explosions were weak to moderate in intensity, incandescent pulses were visible, and avalanches descended the Ceniza valley. Staff at the Observatorio Vulcanológico del Volcán de Fuego (OVFGO) in Panimaché I (8 km SW) noted that Strombolian activity intensified at around 1800 on 6 March. Incandescent material was ejected 200 m high and ash plumes rose along avalanches that traveled down the Ceniza and Trinidad (S) drainages. Rumbling sounds became more intense and frequent. By around 0930 on 7 March lava flows were 400 and 200 m long in the Ceniza and Santa Teresa (W) ravines, respectively. Incandescent material was ejected 100-200 m high and avalanches descended the Ceniza, Trinidad, and Santa Teresa.

By the afternoon activity again significantly increased based on both seismic and acoustic data as well as reports from observers at OVFGO and Observatorio Vulcanológico del Volcán de Agua (OVAGU). RSAM values increased just after 1200, peaking at a value just under 8,000, and notable pyroclastic flows were observed from OVFGO descending the Ceniza drainage at 1300. According to CONRED about 370 people were evacuated from Panimaché I and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). During the next hour larger, and more significant and frequent pyroclastic flows descended the Ceniza, sometimes spilling over the banks of the drainage. Ash fell in San Pedro Yepocapa and in other areas downwind. RSAM values decreased around 1400 but remained high. Pyroclastic flows continued to descend the drainage into the evening, and rumbling sounds, weak to moderate in intensity, were constantly audible. Weather clouds prevented clear views of the upper flanks. Ashfall was reported in Panimaché I and II, Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Yucales, El Porvenir 8 km ENE), and Sangré de Cristo (8 km WSW). Between 1900-2200 RSAM values significantly increased and reached a peak value of around 14,000. Weather clouds cleared allowing for observations of the summit and upper flanks; pyroclastic flows continued to descend the Ceniza and avalanches and possible smaller pyroclastic flows traveled towards the Las Lajas drainage on the SE flank. A sulfur odor was reported in areas near the volcano and ash plumes drifted as far as 100 km NW and 40 km W and SW. Activity progressively declined during the morning of 8 March, with decreased effusion and eruption sounds; RSAM values declined by 0300 and remained low though 0735.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

9 February-15 February 2022 Cite this Report

In a special bulletin, INSIVUMEH reported that an effusive period at Fuego began on 9 February, producing lava flows than descended the Ceniza drainage on the SSW flank. There were 2-9 explosions per hour recorded during 8-9 and 1-15 February, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim. The ash plumes mainly drifted 10-15 km N, NE, S, SW, and W causing almost daily ashfall in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and La Rochela. Periodic shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano. Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), and Taniluyá (SW) drainages. Explosions ejected incandescent material up to 100-300 m above the summit. The effusive activity intensified by 14 February with periods of elevated activity lasting minutes to hours. Strombolian explosions increased in frequency and intensity, gas emissions increased, and incandescence from the crater was visible at night through the early morning of 15 February. Peaks in seismic RSAM data mirrored the peaks in activity. Lava flows traveled as far as 200 m down the Ceniza drainage and produced block avalanches from the flow front.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

12 January-18 January 2022 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 6-13 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 12-18 January, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim. The ash plumes mainly drifted 10-20 km S and SW causing almost daily ashfall in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and La Rochela. Ash plumes drifted as far as 20 km E and NE during 14-16 January. Daily, periodic shock waves rattled structures in communities around the volcano. Block avalanches descended the flanks in all directions, but most commonly were visible in the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Honda, and Las Lajas (SE) drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Explosions ejected incandescent material up to 150-350 m above the summit during 12-16 January.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

15 December-21 December 2021 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 3-13 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 14-21 December, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and periodic shock waves that were felt in communities around the volcano. Ash plumes drifted as far as 40 km NW, W, SW, and SE; ashfall was reported in areas downwind, including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), finca Palo Verde, Santa Sofía (12 km SW), and Yucales (12 km SW) during 16-18 and 20-21 December. Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), and Las Lajas (SE) drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Explosions ejected incandescent material up to 100-300 m above the summit during 14-15 and 17-19 December. Winds lifted “curtains” of ash around the volcano during 18-19 December, and crater incandescence was visible overnight during 20-21 December.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

1 December-7 December 2021 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 3-12 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 30 November-7 December, generating ash plumes as high as 1 km above the crater rim and periodic shock waves that were felt in communities around the volcano. Ash plumes drifted as far as 25 km SW and W, causing almost daily ashfall in areas downwind, including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Las Lajas (SE), and El Jute drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Explosions ejected incandescent material up to 100-200 m above the summit during 30 November-3 December. A new lava flow emerged during the morning of 5 December and lengthened to 400 m by the next day. During 5-6 December explosions ejected incandescent material 100 m above the summit.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

27 October-2 November 2021 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 3-14 explosions per hour were recorded at Fuego during 26 October-2 November, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and shock waves felt in communities around the volcano. Ash plumes mostly drifted as far as 50 km SW, W, and NW and 20 km N and S, causing almost daily ashfall in several areas downwind, including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Yucales (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Finca Palo Verde, La Rochela, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), and Las Lajas (SE) drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Explosions ejected incandescent material 100-400 m above the summit each day.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

22 September-28 September 2021 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during the night of 21-22 September a possible lava flow had traveled 400 m down Fuego’s Ceniza drainage on the SSW flank. Ash rose along the flow forming a curtain that extended above the summit; ash fell in communities to the W and SW. Explosions at a rate of 6-11 per hour produced ash plumes that rose as high as 800 m above the summit and drifted W and SW.

INSIVUMEH and CONRED reported that activity significantly increased on 23 September. Seismic activity intensified during the early morning and Strombolian activity at the summit was visible. Incandescent material was ejected 100-300 m high. Lava flows traveled 1 km down the Ceniza (SSW) and Trinidad (S) drainages, and sent block-and-ash flows down the Ceniza, Trinidad, Taniluyá, Las Lajas, and Santa Teresa (W) drainages to vegetated areas. Shock waves were detected within a 10 km radius. At 0540 a pyroclastic flow traveled 4-6 km down the Ceniza drainage, reaching the base of the volcano. According to CONRED a pyroclastic flow descended the Ceniza and Trinidad drainages 2-4 km. Explosions generated ash plumes that rose as high as 2.3 km above the summit and drifted 30 km W and SW. The activity began to decline around noon the next day, based on seismicity, acoustic data, and field observations. A few hours later RSAM data suggested that the period of elevated activity had ended after about 32 hours from the onset. Lava flows were no longer active by 25 September.

During 24-28 September there were that 6-12 explosions per hour generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and shock waves that often rattled buildings within 10 km of the volcano. Ash plumes mostly drifted as far as 15 km W and SW, causing daily ashfall in several areas downwind, including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Explosions ejected incandescent material 100-300 m above the summit on most days.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

1 September-7 September 2021 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 7-15 explosions per hour were recorded during 31 August-7 September at Fuego, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and shock waves that often rattled buildings around the volcano. Ash plumes mostly drifted as far as 15 km SW, W, NW, and N, causing daily ashfall in several areas downwind, including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Yucales (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Finca Palo Verde, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Explosions ejected incandescent material 100-350 m above the summit on most days. On 1 September lahars descended the SE, S, and SW flanks (the Las Lajas, El Jute, and Seca drainages), carrying fine material along with tree branches and blocks 2 m in diameter. Lahars descended the El Jute, Las Lajas, and Ceniza drainages during 6-7 September.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

18 August-24 August 2021 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 6-13 explosions per hour were recorded during 18-25 August at Fuego, though the weather sometimes prevented visual confirmation. The resulting ash plumes rose to 4.5-4.8 km (14,800-15,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifted as far as 15 km W, SW, S, and NW, causing daily ashfall downwind in Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Yucales (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), and Yepocapa (8 km NW). White gas-and-steam plumes rose to 4.5 km (14,764 ft) a.s.l. on 19 and 25 August. Shock waves often rattled buildings around the volcano as far as 15 km from the summit. Block avalanches accompanied the explosions, descending the Santa Teresa, Ceniza (SSW), Taniluyá (SW), Trinidad (S), Seca (W), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda drainages, sometimes reaching vegetated areas. Incandescent ejecta was visible rising 100-400 m above the summit during the nights and early mornings of 20-23 August.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

4 August-10 August 2021 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 4-13 explosions per hour were recorded during 3-10 August at Fuego, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and shock waves that often rattled buildings around the volcano. Ash plumes mostly drifted as far as 15 km W and SW, causing daily ashfall in several areas downwind, including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Yucales (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Finca Palo Verde, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Explosions ejected incandescent material 100-400 m above the summit during 4-6 and 9-10 August. At 1700 on 6 August a lahar descended the Las Lajas drainage, carrying fine material along with tree branches and blocks 1-2 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

14 July-20 July 2021 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 5-15 explosions per hour were recorded during 13-20 July at Fuego, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and shock waves that often rattled buildings around the volcano. Ash plumes mostly drifted 10-20 km NW, W, and SW and caused daily ashfall in several areas downwind, including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Finca Palo Verde, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Explosions ejected incandescent material 100-400 m above the summit during 13-19 July.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

23 June-29 June 2021 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 24 June lahars resulting from substantial rainfall descended the Las Lajas and El Jute drainages on Fuego’s ESE flank, carrying tree branches, trunks, and blocks as large as 1 m in diameter. During 23-29 June there were 4-15 explosions per hour, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim. Daily shock waves rattled buildings in towns around the volcano. Ashfall was reported daily in several areas downwind, including Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), La Rochela, El Zapote, and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Explosions ejected incandescent material 100-400 m above the summit each day.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

16 June-22 June 2021 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 15 June lahars descended the Las Lajas and El Jute drainages on Fuego’s SE flank, carrying tree branches and blocks as large as 1.5 m in diameter. During 16-22 June there were 4-15 explosions per hour, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim. Daily shock waves rattled buildings in towns around the volcano, and within 15 km of the S and SW flanks during 20-21 June. Ashfall was reported almost daily in several areas downwind, including Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Explosions ejected incandescent material 100-350 m above the summit each day.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

2 June-8 June 2021 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 5-13 explosions per hour were recorded during 1-8 June at Fuego, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim. Shock waves often rattled buildings around the volcano. Ashfall was reported almost daily in several areas downwind, including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Explosions ejected incandescent material 100-350 m above the summit on most days.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

5 May-11 May 2021 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 5-12 explosions per hour were recorded during 4-11 May at Fuego, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim. Shock waves sometimes rattled buildings around the volcano. Ashfall was reported daily in several areas downwind, including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Explosions ejected incandescent material 100-450 m above the summit during 4-8 May.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

21 April-27 April 2021 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 5-14 explosions were recorded per hour during 21-27 April at Fuego, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim. Shock waves rattled buildings around the volcano, especially in areas as far as 20 km W and SW. Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Ashfall was reported on most days in several areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). Explosions ejected incandescent material 100-400 m above the summit almost daily.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

24 March-30 March 2021 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 6-11 explosions per hour were recorded during 24-30 March at Fuego, generating ash plumes that rose to 4.7 km (15,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W, NW, and SW as far as 10-15 km. Shock waves rattled buildings near the volcano. Block avalanches descended the Seca (W), Ceniza (SSW), and Trinidad (S) drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Ash plumes from explosions rose to 4.8 (16,000 ft) km a.s.l. and drifted N and NE on 25 March and W on 27 March far as 15-20 km, resulting in ashfall in Morelia (9 km SW), Panimache (8 km SW), Yucales (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Yepocapa (8 km NW), La Soledad (11 km N). Block avalanches descended the Taniluyá (SW), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda drainages, in addition to those affected on 24 March. Weak crater incandescence was observed at night and in the early morning during 26 March. Incandescent material was ejected 100-200 m above the summit on 28 March, accompanied by ash plumes that rose to 4.8 km a.s.l. and resulted in ashfall in Palo Verde, Panimaché II, Sangre de Cristo, Yepocapa, and El Porvenir (8 km ENE).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

24 February-2 March 2021 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 5-15 explosions were recorded per hour during 23 February-2 March at Fuego, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim. Shock waves rattled buildings around the volcano. Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Ashfall was reported on most days in several areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). Incandescent material was ejected 100-400 m above the summit almost daily. Curtains of old ash deposits remobilized by strong winds were observed during 26-27 February.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

17 February-23 February 2021 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 4-12 explosions were recorded per hour during 17-23 February at Fuego, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim. Shock waves rattled buildings around the volcano. Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Ashfall was reported on most days in several areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). Notably, on 17 February ash plumes drifted as far as 50 km E, causing ashfall in local communities as well as in Guatemala City (city center is about 40 km ENE). Ash plumes drifted 40 km SW on 18 February. Curtains of old ash deposits remobilized by strong winds were observed during 19-21 February. Incandescent material was ejected 100-400 m above the summit during 19-22 February.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

10 February-16 February 2021 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that continuous avalanches of material at Fuego during 9-10 February descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda drainages. There were 8-12 explosions per hour, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim that drifted 15-20 km W and SE. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Santa Sofía, Panimache, Morelia, and Yucales, and shockwaves were audible up to 15 km away. The number of explosions increased to 3-6 per hour during 11-12 February. Ash-and-gas plumes rose to 1.1 km and drifted W and SW, causing ashfall in Sangre de Cristo, Palo Verde, and Yepocapa. Shock waves were felt by nearby residents. Avalanches of material descended the flanks, reaching vegetated areas.

During 12-13 February incandescent material was ejected 200 m above the summit and shock waved vibrated local structures. A lava flow had traveled 1 km down the Ceniza drainage, spalling blocks from the flow front that reached vegetated areas. By 14 February the lava flow had lengthened to 1.5 km and a lava flow in the Seca drainage traveled 500 m. During 1020-1023 a series of pyroclastic flows traveled several hundred meters down the Ceniza. Ash plumes from explosions rose 850 m and drifted NE, E, and SE, and caused ashfall in Alotenango, El Porvenir, and Finca La Reunion, in the department of Sacatépequez. During 14-15 February explosions ejected incandescent material 100 m above the summit and rattled nearby structures. Ash plumes rose as high as 450 m and drifted short distances E. Lava flows remained active; they were 800 and 200 m long in the Ceniza and Seca drainages, respectively. Block avalanches from the lava-flow fronts reached vegetated areas.

The lava effusion rate had steadily decreased during the late morning of 15 February. During the afternoon explosions, occurring at a rate of 14-30 per hour, produced ash plumes that rose 850-1,050 m above the summit and drifted as far as 50 km E, NE, and N. Ash fell in Porvenir and Alotenango. Activity continued to decrease through the day, characterized by a reduction in the explosion rate, less intense summit incandescence, and low RSAM values. INSIVUMEH declared an end to the effusive eruption phase. Explosions (12-14 per hour) generated ash plumes that rose over 1 km and drifted 130 km N, NE, and E.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

20 January-26 January 2021 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 5-11 explosions were recorded per hour during 19-25 January at Fuego, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim that drifted no more than 15 km W, SW, and S. Shock waves rattled buildings around the volcano and were felt by residents as far as 12 km away. Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), El Jute, Las Lajas (SE), and Honda drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Incandescent material was ejected 100-300 m above the summit almost daily. Ashfall was reported on most days in several areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

30 December-5 January 2021 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 3-15 explosions were recorded per hour during 29 December-5 January at Fuego, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim that drifted 7-30 km generally N, NW, W, SW, and S. Shock waves rattled buildings around the volcano and were detected as far as 25 km away. Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), El Jute, Las Lajas (SE), and Honda drainages, often reaching vegetated areas. Incandescent material was ejected 100-300 m above the summit almost daily. Ashfall was reported most days in several areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Yucales, La Soledad (11 km N), San Miguel Dueñas (10 km NE), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

9 December-15 December 2020 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 3-15 explosions were recorded per hour during 8-15 December at Fuego, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim that drifted 10-25 km generally S, SW, and W. Shock waves rattled buildings within 20 km of the summit. Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), El Jute, Las Lajas (SE), and Honda drainages; avalanches sometimes reached vegetated areas. Incandescent material was occasionally ejected 100-200 m. Ashfall was reported most days in several areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

28 October-3 November 2020 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 2-14 explosions were recorded per hour during 27 October-3 November at Fuego, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim that drifted 10-25 km generally S, SW, and W. Shock waves rattled buildings within 12 km of the summit. Incandescent material ejected 100-300 m high caused block avalanches in the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), El Jute, Las Lajas (SE), and Honda drainages; avalanches sometimes reached vegetated areas. Ashfall was reported during 30 October-3 November in several areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, La Rochela, Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Ceylon, El Zapote (10 km S), and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

7 October-13 October 2020 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that there were 5-19 explosions per hour recorded during 7-13 October at Fuego, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim that generally drifted as far as 20 km in multiple directions. Shock waves rattled buildings within 7-15 km of the summit. Incandescent material ejected 100-400 m high caused avalanches of blocks in the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), El Jute, Las Lajas, and Honda drainages; avalanches sometimes reached vegetated areas. Ashfall was reported daily in several areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, La Rochela, Santa Sofía (12 km SW), and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). On 9 October lahars descended multiple drainages on Fuego’s flanks. Lahars overflowed the Las Lajas drainage on the SE flank and deposited blocks and sediment on the RN 14 road, causing its closure.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

16 September-22 September 2020 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that effusive activity at Fuego decreased as of 16 September; the lava flow that had descended the Ceniza drainage (SSW) was no longer active. There were 6-16 explosions per hour recorded during 16-22 September, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim that generally drifted 7-20 km in multiple directions. Shock waves rattled buildings within a 20-km radius. Sometimes incandescent material ejected 100-300 m high caused avalanches of blocks in the Ceniza, Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Las Lajas, and Honda drainages; avalanches sometimes reached vegetated areas. Ashfall was reported daily in several areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, Santa Sofía (12 km SW), San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). During 18-19 September lahars descended the Ceniza, Las Lajas, and Honda drainages, carrying tree branches, trunks, and blocks as large as 1.5 m in diameter. Additionally, lava flows traveled 200-350 m down the Seca and Ceniza drainages.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

8 September-14 September 2020 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that there were 6-12 explosions per hour at Fuego recorded during 26 August-1 September, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim that generally drifted 10-20 km in multiple directions. Shock waves rattled buildings within a 20-km radius. Incandescent material ejected 100-300 m high caused avalanches of blocks in the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Las Lajas, and Honda drainages; avalanches sometimes reached vegetated areas. Ashfall was reported daily in several areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, Santa Sofía (12 km SW), San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW).

During 10-11 September a lava flow traveled 200 m down the Ceniza and lengthened to 700 m by 12 September; the front of the lava flow generated block avalanches. Strong Vulcanian explosions generated ash plumes that rose over 1.1 km above the crater rim during 11-12 September. Shorter portions of the lava flow were active through 14 September, and by 15 September the flow was 100 m long.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

26 August-1 September 2020 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that there were 3-16 explosions per hour at Fuego recorded during 26 August-1 September, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim that generally drifted 10-20 km NW, W, and SW. Shock waves rattled buildings within a 20-km radius. Incandescent material was ejected 100-300 m high, causing avalanches of blocks in the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Las Lajas, and Honda drainages; avalanches sometimes reached vegetated areas. Ashfall was reported in several areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, Santa Sofía (12 km SW), San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). During 26-27 August a lava flow traveled 150 m down the Ceniza drainage and lengthened to 400 m on 28 August; the front of the lava flow generated block avalanches. By 30 August the continuously active flow was 500 m long. During 31 August-1 September the first 200 m of the lava flow was active and continued to produce block avalanches.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

29 July-4 August 2020 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that at 2050 on 29 July lahars descended the Las Lajas and El Jute drainages on Fuego’s SE flanks. There were 6-13 explosions per hour recorded during 29 July-4 August, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim that generally drifted 15-20 km NW, W, and SW. Shock waves rattled buildings within a 20-km radius, particularly in areas on the S flank. Incandescent material ejected 100-350 m high caused avalanches of blocks in the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Las Lajas, and Honda drainages; avalanches sometimes reached vegetated areas. Ashfall was reported in several areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

10 June-16 June 2020 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that there were 4-13 explosions per hour recorded at Fuego during 10-16 June, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim that generally drifted 10-15 km NW, W, SW, and S. Ashfall was reported in several areas downwind including Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and El Porvenir (8 km ENE). Shock waves from explosions sometimes rattled houses in the vicinity of the volcano. Incandescent material was ejected 100-300 m high and caused avalanches of blocks in the Ceniza, Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Santa Teresa (W), Las Lajas, and Honda drainages.

A new lava flow traveled 250 m down the Seca drainage on the NW flank in the early hours of 12 June. The lava effusion was accompanied by almost constant summit crater incandescence and gas emissions. Incandescent material was ejected 100 m above the summit. Avalanches of material descended the flanks and reached vegetated areas. Ash plumes rose over 1 km and shock waves from explosions were felt. The lava flow had lengthened to 300 m by 13 June, but was an estimated 250 m long on 14 June.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

20 May-26 May 2020 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that in the evening on 20 May a new lava flow at Fuego traveled 300 m down the Ceniza (SSW) drainage. The crater was incandescent and gas emissions were constant; avalanches descended the flanks 1 km and reached vegetated areas. Explosions produced shock waves and ash plumes that rose just over 1 km above the summit. Lahars descended the Las Lajas ravine on the E flank 1650 on 21 May and the Ceniza drainage on the SW flank.

There were 5-12 explosions per hour recorded during 22-26 May, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim that generally drifted 10-15 km in multiple directions. Shock waves rattled buildings within a 20-km radius, particularly in areas on the S flank. Incandescent material was ejected 100-300 m high and caused avalanches of blocks in the Ceniza, Seca (W), Trinidad (S), Las Lajas, and Honda drainages. Ashfall was reported in several areas downwind including Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Ciudad Vieja (13.5 km NE), San Miguel Dueñas (10 km NE), and Antigua Guatemala (18 km NE). Lava flows in the Ceniza drainage varied in length between 150 and 400 m long.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

22 April-28 April 2020 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that lava began to descend Fuego’s Ceniza (SSW) drainage on 19 April. The rate of effusion increased in the evening of 23 April and observatory staff saw a second lava flow in the Seca (W) drainage that was 170 m long. On 24 April satellite data confirmed thermal anomalies from both lava flows. The main part of the lava flow in the Ceniza was 200 m long, but prodced incandescent blocks from the end of the flow traveled an additional 240 m, reaching vegetated areas. Incandescent blocks from the end of the flow in the Seca drainage traveled 520 m. Explosions at the summit crater generated shock waves and ash plumes that rose almost 1.2 km above the crater. Avalanches of blocks from these explosions traveled up to 1 km down all flanks.

There were 5-12 explosions per hour recorded during 22-28 April, generating ash plumes as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim that generally drifted 10-15 km W and SW. Ashfall was reported in several areas downwind including Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). The two lava flows continued to be active during 25-28 April; the flow in the Ceniza drainage did not advance past 200 m and the flow in the Seca drainage had extended to 800 m long. The ends of the lava flows continued to generate blocks that reached vegetated areas.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

8 April-14 April 2020 Cite this Report

In a special report from 6 April INSIVUMEH reported a change in the eruptive pattern at Fuego indicated by seismic and acoustic data. Lava effused from a summit vent and traveled 400 m down the Ceniza (SSW) drainage. Avalanches of material descended the flank as far as 1 km, reaching vegetated areas. Explosions caused rumbling, shock waves, and ash plumes that rose 1.1 km above the summit. The report noted that this activity was similar to the eight-day phase during 16-24 March.

There were 5-14 explosions per hour recorded during 7-14 April, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and generally drifted 10-20 km in multiple directions. Minor ashfall was reported in several areas downwind including Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Quisache, and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). Explosions sometimes produced shock waves that rattled houses in communities within a 25-km radius. Incandescent material was ejected 100-600 m high. Lava flows in the Ceniza drainage had variable lengths during the week, from 200 to 600 m long. Avalanches of blocks from the lava flows traveled sometimes long distances, and in some cases set fire to vegetated areas.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

18 March-24 March 2020 Cite this Report

On 16 March INSIVUMEH reported an increased number of avalanches at Fuego, traveling down the Ceniza (SSW), Trinidad (S), and Las Lajas (SE) ravines. A 600-m-long lava flow advanced down the Trinidad drainage. Weak explosive activity accompanied lava effusion. There were 4-12 explosions per hour recorded at Fuego during 17-24 March, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and generally drifted 10-22 km S, SW, and W. Almost daily ashfall was reported in several areas downwind including Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), and La Cruz. Explosions sometimes produced shock waves that rattled nearby houses and were felt in communities within a 25-km radius. Incandescent material was ejected 100-400 m high and caused avalanches of material that occasionally traveled long distances (reaching vegetated areas) down the Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), Ceniza, Trinidad, Honda, and Las Lajas ravines. Lava flows of variable lengths (400-1,000 m) descended the Trinidad and Ceniza ravines each day but were inactive by the evening of 23 March.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

12 February-18 February 2020 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that there were 8-16 explosions per hour recorded at Fuego during 12-18 February, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and generally drifted 10-22 km SW and W. Ashfall was reported in several areas downwind including Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Alotenángo (8 km ENE), and La Soledad (11 km N). Explosions sometimes produced shock waves that rattled houses in communities within an 8-km radius. Incandescent material was ejected 150-500 m high and caused avalanches of material that occasionally traveled long distances (reaching vegetated areas) down the Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), Ceniza (SSW), Trinidad (S), Honda, and Las Lajas (SE) ravines. Lava flows in the Ceniza drainage were 700-800 m long during 13-17 February and lengthened to 1.2 km during 17-18 February.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

15 January-21 January 2020 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that there were 8-17 explosions per hour recorded at Fuego during 14-21 January, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and generally drifted 10-22 km SW and W. Ashfall was reported in several areas downwind including Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and El Porvenir (8 km ENE). Explosions sometimes produced shock waves that rattled houses in communities within a 7 km radius, though they were felt up to 25 km away during 19-20 January. Incandescent material was ejected 100-500 m high and caused avalanches of material that occasionally traveled long distances (reaching vegetated areas) down the Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), Ceniza (SSW), Trinidad (S), Honda, and Las Lajas (SE) ravines. Ash plumes drifted 18 km E during 20-21 January.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

18 December-24 December 2019 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that there were 8-18 explosions per hour recorded at Fuego during 18-24 December, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1 km above the crater rim and drifted 10-205 km S, SW, and W. Ashfall was reported in several areas downwind including Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and El Porvenir (8 km ENE). Explosions sometimes produced shock waves that rattled houses in nearby communities. Incandescent material was ejected 100-300 m high and caused avalanches of material that occasionally traveled long distances (reaching vegetated areas) down the Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), Ceniza (SSW), Trinidad (S), and Las Lajas (SE) ravines. Incandescent material traveled about 300 m down the Seca drainage during 23-24 December.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

20 November-26 November 2019 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that there were 6-15 explosions per hour recorded at Fuego during 20-26 November, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted 10-20 km S, SW, and W. Ashfall was reported in several areas downwind including Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and El Porvenir (8 km ENE). Explosions sometimes produced shock waves that rattled houses in nearby communities. Incandescent material was ejected 100-450 m high and caused avalanches of material that occasionally traveled long distances (reaching vegetated areas) down the Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), Ceniza (SSW), Trinidad (S), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda ravines. Lava flows advanced in the Seca and Santa Teresa (W) drainages during November, and were 300 and 800 m long on 21 and 24 November, respectively.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

2 October-8 October 2019 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that there were 10-18 explosions per hour recorded at Fuego during 2-8 October, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted 10-25 km S, SW, W, and NW. Ashfall was reported in several areas downwind including Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), and El Porvenir (8 km ENE). Explosions sometimes produced shock waves that rattled houses in nearby communities. Incandescent material was ejected 200-400 m high and caused avalanches of material that occasionally traveled long distances (reaching vegetated areas) down the Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), Ceniza (SSW), Trinidad (S), El Jute (SE), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda ravines. Lava flows traveled 200 m down the Seca drainage on 6 October and were active in the Santa Teresa (W) drainage on 8 October. Lahars descended the Ceniza, El Mineral, and Seca drainages during 3-7 October, carrying tree branches, trunks, and blocks 1-3 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

28 August-3 September 2019 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that there were multiple explosions per hour recorded at Fuego during 28 August-3 September, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted 10-20 km W and SW. Explosions sometimes produced shock waves that rattled houses in nearby communities. Incandescent material was ejected 200-300 m high and caused avalanches of material that occasionally traveled long distances (reaching vegetated areas) down Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), Ceniza (SSW), Trinidad (S), El Jute (SE), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda ravines. Ashfall was reported in several areas downwind including Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Finca Palo Verde, San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), and El Porvenir (8 km ENE).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

12 June-18 June 2019 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that there were 10-20 explosions per hour recorded at Fuego during 15-18 June, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted 10-25 km W, SW, and E. Explosions sometimes produced shock waves that rattled houses in nearby communities. Incandescent material was ejected 200-400 m high and caused avalanches of material that occasionally traveled long distances (reaching vegetated areas) down Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), Ceniza (SSW), Trinidad (S), El Jute (SE), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda ravines. Ashfall was reported in several areas downwind including Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and El Porvenir (8 km ENE).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

15 May-21 May 2019 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that there were 15-20 explosions per hour recorded at Fuego during 16-17 and 19-20 May, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted 10-25 km S, SW, and W. Explosions sometimes produced shock waves that rattled houses in nearby communities. Incandescent material was ejected 300-400 m high and caused avalanches of material that occasionally traveled long distances (reaching vegetated areas) down Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), Ceniza (SSW), Trinidad (S), and Las Lajas (SE) ravines. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), and El Porvenir (8 km ENE). A lava flow on the W flank was 300 m long.

On 16 May lahars carrying variously-sized blocks and tree branches and trunks descended the Las Lajas ravine. On 20 May hot lahars with a sulfur odor descended the Ceniza, El Jute, and Las Lajas drainages, carrying blocks 1-3 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

8 May-14 May 2019 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that there were 13-24 explosions per hour recorded at Fuego during 9-10 and 12-14 May, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted 10-15 km S and SW. Explosions sometimes produced shock waves that rattled houses in areas to the S and SW. Incandescent material was ejected 200-300 m high and caused avalanches of material that occasionally traveled long distances (and reached vegetated areas) down the Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), Ceniza (SSW), Trinidad (S), and Las Lajas (SE) ravines. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché (8 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). Lava flows were 500-600 m long on the W flank.

On 11 May steaming lahars descended the Las Lajas, Seca, Ceniza, and Mineral drainages, carrying variously-sized blocks and tree parts. Lahars on 14 May carried blocks and tree trunks down the Ceniza drainage.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

17 April-23 April 2019 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 18 April steaming hot lahars descended Fuego’s Ceniza (SSW) and Taniluyá (SW) drainages, carrying variously-sized material including blocks up to 2 m in diameter. The lahars were 1 m deep, 15 m wide, and had a sulfur odor. During 20-23 April there were 17-22 explosions per hour, generating ash plumes that rose almost as high as 1.1 km and drifted 15-20 km S, SW, and W. Shock waves vibrated local structures. Incandescent material was ejected 300-450 m high and caused avalanches of material that occasionally traveled long distances down Seca, Taniluyá, Ceniza, Trinidad, Las Lajas, and Honda ravines. A lava flow, 600 m long, advanced in the Seca drainage. Ashfall was reported in reported in Yepocapa (8 km N), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and Panimache (8 km SW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

10 April-16 April 2019 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 10-11 April steaming lahars descended Fuego’s Las Lajas (SE), El Jute (SE), Ceniza (SSW), and Taniluyá (SW) drainages, carrying blocks up to 3 m in diameter, and branches and tree trunks. On 11 April lahars were 3 m deep and 20 m wide. During 11-15 April there were 12-22 explosions per hour, generating ash plumes that rose almost 1.1 km and drifted10-15 km N, NE, E, and W. Minor ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Alotenango, Ciudad Vieja (13.5 km NE), La Réunion, Yepocapa (8 km N), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), and Panimache (8 km SW). Shock waves sometimes vibrated residential structures. Incandescent material was ejected 100-300 m high and caused avalanches of material that occasionally traveled long distances down Seca, Taniluyá, Ceniza, Trinidad, Las Lajas, and Honda ravines. A lava flow, 400-500 m long, advanced in the Seca drainage.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

27 March-2 April 2019 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 28-29 March there were 14-20 explosion per hour recorded at Fuego, with ash plumes rising as high as 1.1 km above the summit and drifting 15-25 km W, SW, and S. Shock waves vibrated nearby structures. Incandescent material was ejected 200-300 m high and caused avalanches of material that traveled down the the Seca (W), Ceniza (SSW), Taniluyá (SW), Trinidad (S), and Las Lajas (SE) drainages. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Panimache I (8 km SW), Morelia (8 km SW), Santa Sofia (12 km SE), La Rochela, and San Andrés Osuna. A special bulletin issued on 29 March stated that activity has increased with ash plumes from explosions rising as high as 1.3 km and drifting 30 km in multiple directions. Avalanches of material traveled down the Las Lajas, Honda and Seca drainages.

A special bulletin was issued on 31 March describing another increase in activity with the number of explosions ranging from 14 to 32 per hour. Ash plumes rose as high as 1.3 km and drifted W, SW, and S. The explosions vibrated local residences. A lava flow that had emerged in the early morning hours advanced 800 m in the Seca drainage. On 1 April there were 13-16 explosions recorded per hour. Ash plumes rose almost 1 km and drifted 10-15 km S, SE, and SW. Shock waves continued to vibrate residential structures. Incandescent material was ejected 100-200 m high and caused avalanches of material that occasionally traveled long distances down Seca, Taniluyá, Ceniza, Trinidad, Las Lajas, and Honda ravines, reaching vegetation. Ashfall as reported in areas downwind including Panimache I, Morelia, Palo Verde Estate, Santa Sofia, La Rochela, and San Andrés Osuna.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

20 March-26 March 2019 Cite this Report

On 22 March INSIVUMEH reported that activity at Fuego had increased during the previous few days. There were 15-20 explosions per hour producing ash plumes that rose as high as 1.3 km above the summit and drifted 20-30 km E, SE, S, SW, and W. Ashfall was reported in communities downwind including La Rochela, Ceylán, San Andrés Osuna, Las Palmas, Siquinalá, and Santa Lucia Cotzumalguapa (23 km SW). Shock waves vibrated residential structures within 20 km. The explosions also caused avalanches of material from the crater that traveled down the Seca (W), Ceniza (SSW), Taniluyá (SW), Trinidad (S), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda ravines. In the evening on 21 March and early morning hours of 22 March lava fountains rose 350 m above the summit.

During 23-26 March explosions occurred at a rate of 15-25 per hour, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.2 km and drifted 15-20 km W, S, and SE. Explosions sometimes vibrated nearby residences. Incandescent material was ejected 200-300 m high and caused avalanches of material that traveled down Seca, Taniluyá, Ceniza, Trinidad, Las Lajas, and Honda ravines, sometimes reaching vegetated areas. Ashfall as reported in areas downwind including Panimache I (8 km SW), Morelia (8 km SW), Santa Sofia (12 km SE), La Rochela, and San Andrés Osuna.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

30 January-5 February 2019 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 10-18 explosions per hour were detected at Fuego during 29-31 January. Ash plumes from the explosions rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted E and NE. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Alotenango, Antigua Guatemala (18 km NE), and Guatemala City (70 km E). Incandescent material was ejected 300 m high and caused avalanches of material that traveled down Seca (W), Ceniza (SSW), Trinidad (S), and Las Lajas (SE) ravines. During 31January-1 February there were 14-16 explosions recorded per hour, with ash plumes rising as high as 1.1 km and drifting 20-25 km S and SE. Ash fell in the communities of El Rodeo (10 km SSE), El Zapote, Ceilan, and La Rochela. Incandescent material rose 200-400 m high causing avalanches of material to descend the Seca, Taniluyá (SW), Ceniza, Trinidad, Las Lajas, and Honda (E) ravines. Shock wave causing vibration in the communities near the volcano.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

21 November-27 November 2018 Cite this Report

On 23 November INSIVUMEH reported that during the previous few days moderate explosions at Fuego generated shock waves that vibrated structures within 20 km. Ash plumes from the explosions rose 1.3 km above the cone in the summit crater and drifted 20 km W and SW, causing ashfall in areas downwind including Panimaché (8 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Palo Verde Estate, and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). Incandescent material was ejected 150 m high, causing avalanches, some that traveled long distances in the Las Lajas (SE), Ceniza (SSW), and Seca (W) drainages and reached vegetated areas. During 24-25 November there were 12-15 weak-to-moderate explosions per hour, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km and drifted 20-25 km W and SW. Shock waves continued to vibrate local structures, and ashfall was again reported in Panimaché, El Porvenir, Morelia, Santa Sofia, Sangre de Cristo, Palo Verde Estate, and San Pedro Yepocapa. Moderate-to-strong Vulcanian explosions on 26 November generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1.2 km and drifted N. The explosions were heard, and shock waves felt, mostly within 25 km, though some explosions were audible to residents of Guatemala City (city center is about 40 km ENE). Explosions continued the next day at a rate of 10-15 per hour. Ash plumes rose as high as 1.3 km and drifted 20-25 km W and SW. Incandescent material was ejected 200 m high, and avalanches of material descended multiple drainages. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

14 November-20 November 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH and CONRED reported that activity at Fuego increased on 18 November, heralding the fifth effusive phase of 2018. Incandescent material was ejected 200-300 m above the crater rim and a lava flow in the Ceniza (SSW) drainage reached 2.5 km in length. Avalanches of material from the lava flow reached vegetated areas. Explosions occurring at a rate of 8-17 per hour generated ash plumes that rose at least 1.2 km and drifted 20-25 km W and SW. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), and Finca Palo Verde. Volcanic material also accumulated in the Taniluyá (SW) and Seca (W) drainages causing increased risk of avalanches. Later that day explosions became stronger, and incandescent material was ejected 400 m high. Ashfall continued to be reported in local communities. CONRED reported that a portion of National Route 14 was closed, and evacuations began in some local areas.

Strombolian activity continued to intensify on 19 November with stronger explosions and increased seismicity. Incandescent material was ejected as high as 1 km above the crater. Ash plumes rose as high as 3.2 km and drifted 20-60 km W, SW, and NE. Pyroclastic flows descended the Seca drainage, and, along with ash emissions from the crater, caused ashfall in multiple areas including Santa Sofia, Sangre de Cristo, Panimaché I and II, and Finca Palo Verde. The lava flow in the Ceniza drainage advanced to 3 km long and produced avalanches from the flow front. Avalanches of tephra also descended the Seca, Ceniza, Taniluyá, Las Lajas, and Honda (E) drainages, reaching vegetated areas. CONRED noted that 3,925 people had been evacuated.

INSIVUMEH noted that the effusive phase was over at 1800 on 19 November, having lasted for 32 hours. Explosions continued during 19-20 November, generating ash plumes which rose 0.8-1 km and drifted 10-15 km NW, W, and SW. Ash fell in areas downwind including El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Morelia, Santa Sofia, Sangre de Cristo, Panimaché I and II, and Finca Palo Verde. Incandescent material was ejected 100-300 m high, casing avalanches, some that traveled long distances. Some explosions generated shock waves that rattled nearby structures.

Sources: Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

7 November-13 November 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 7-18 explosions per hour were detected at Fuego during 8-12 November. Ash plumes from the explosions rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted 8-20 km W and SW. Ash fell in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Panimaché (8 km SW), El Porvenir, Finca Palo Verde, and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). Incandescent material was ejected 150-300 m high and caused avalanches that traveled far, reaching vegetated areas in multiple drainages. Lava flows as long as 1.2 km advanced in the Ceniza (SSW) drainage, though lava-flow activity greatly decreased by 12 November.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

31 October-6 November 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH and CONRED reported an increase in seismicity and in the number of explosions at Fuego on 31 October. Ash plumes during 31 October-5 November rose 1 km above the summit and drifted 15 km W and SW. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Panimaché (8 km SW), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). By 2 November a lava flow had traveled 300 m down the Ceniza (SSW) drainage, and by 4 November lava flows 600 m long descended the Ceniza and Taniluyá (SW) drainages. Explosions on 4 November produced shock waves that rattled nearby structures, and on 5 November ejected incandescent material 200 m high. INSIVUMEH reported another increase of activity on 6 November characterized by a period of constant explosions, and ash plumes rising over 1 km and drifting 20 km W and SW. Ashfall was reported in multiple areas including Panimaché, El Porvenir, Morelia, Santa Sofia, Sangre de Cristo, Finca Palo Verde, and San Pedro Yepocapa. Incandescent material was ejected 200-300 m high and caused avalanches that reached vegetated areas in the Seca and Taniluyá drainages. A 1-km-long lava flow was active in the Ceniza drainage. Shock waves from explosions vibrated local houses.

Sources: Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

17 October-23 October 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH and CONRED reported that on 20 October hot lahars descended Fuego’s Las Lajas (SE) and Mineral drainages, carrying blocks up to 2 m in diameter along with branches and tree trunks. The lahars were 20-30 m wide and 2 m deep. During 20-23 October there were 8-15 weak explosions recorded per hour, producing gray ash plumes that rose 750-850 m above the crater rim and drifted 12 km W and SW. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind, including Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Finca Palo Verde, Panimaché (8 km SW), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). Lava fountains rose 100-200 m high. Avalanches of blocks descended the El Jute (SE), Ceniza (SSW), and Las Lajas (SE) drainages, with material reaching vegetated areas.

Sources: Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

10 October-16 October 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH and CONRED reported that on 12 October a new phase of activity began at Fuego, characterized by lava fountains rising as high as 400 m above the crater rim, avalanches of incandescent material down the W and SSW flanks, increased rumbling, and a lava flow traveling 1 km down the Santa Teresa (W) drainage. Very frequent explosions generated ash plumes that rose 850 m and drifted 12 km S and SE. On 13 October a steaming lahar descended the Ceniza (SSW) drainage, carrying blocks up to 2 m in diameter, and branches and tree trunks. During 13-16 October explosions (8-18 per hour) produced ash plumes that rose almost 1 km and drifted 8-12 km S, SW, and W. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Finca Palo Verde, and Panimaché I and II (8 km SW). Incandescent material was ejected 150-200 m high, causing avalanches of material within the crater, though some of the avalanches traveled long distances, reaching vegetated areas. The lava flow on the W flank was still visible but by 14 October no longer active.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

19 September-25 September 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 20-21 and 24-25 September explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose almost as high as 1 km above the crater and drifted 12 km W and SW. Incandescent material was ejected 150 m above the crater rim, and caused avalanches of material within the crater area. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Finca Palo Verde, Panimaché (8 km SW), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). On 25 September hot, steaming lahars descended the El Jute (SE) and Las Lajas (SE) drainages, carrying blocks up to 2 m in diameter, and branches and tree trunks.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

29 August-4 September 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that heavy rain generated lahars during 29 August-1 September that descended Fuego’s El Jute (SE), Las Lajas (SE), Cenizas (SSW), Taniluyá (SW), Seca (W), Mineral, Honda, and Pantaleón (W) drainages. The lahars were hot, had a sulfur odor, and carried tree branches and blocks (2-3 m in diameter). On 1 September lahars disrupted roads between San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW) and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and from Finca Palo Verde and El Porvenir (8 km ENE). During 2-4 September explosions produced ash plumes that rose as high as 950 m above the crater rim and drifted 10-15 km W and SW. Avalanches of incandescent material were confined to the crater. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including San Pedro Yepocapa, Sangre de Cristo, Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and Finca Palo Verde.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

15 August-21 August 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 18-21 August explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose as high as 850 m above the crater and drifted 12 km NW, W, and SW. Incandescent material was ejected 150 m above the crater rim, and caused avalanches of material within the crater area and down drainages on the flanks. According to CONRED, as of 22 August, the number of people confirmed to have died due to the 3 June pyroclastic flows was 169, and 256 remained missing.

Sources: Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

8 August-14 August 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 9 August heavy rain triggered lahars that traveled down the Seca drainage on Fuego’s W flank and the Mineral drainage, carrying tree trunks and blocks as large a 2 m in diameter. During 12-14 August weak-to-moderate explosions generated ash plumes that rose almost as high as 1 km above the summit and drifted W and SW. Incandescent material was ejected 150 m high, and avalanches of blocks descended the Cenizas (SSW), Las Lajas (SE), and Santa Teresa (W) drainages. Ashfall was reported in Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I (8 km SW), and finca Palo Verde.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

25 July-31 July 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 29-30 July avalanches of material descended the Cenizas drainage on Fuego’s SSW flank. Hot lahars generated by heavy rains on 30 July descended the Taniluyá (SW), Las Lajas (SE), El Jute (SE), and Cenizas drainages, carrying blocks 2-3 m in diameter and smelling of sulfur.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

18 July-24 July 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 19-20 and 23-24 July avalanches of material from Fuego’s crater descended the S, SW, and W flanks (Santa Teresa, Las Lajas, El Jute, and Cenizas drainages). Weak explosions during 23-24 July sent low ash plumes N.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

4 July-10 July 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH and CONRED reported relatively quiet conditions at Fuego during 4-9 July characterized mainly by gas emissions and block avalanches on the flanks. During 7-8 July there was about one explosion detected every two hours, producing diffuse ash plumes that rose 500 m above the crater and drifted SW. Block avalanches descended the Seca (W), Cenizas (SSW), and Las Lajas (SE) drainages, while lahars were present in the El Jute (SE), Las Lajas, Cenizas, Taniluyá (SW), Seca, Mineral, and Pantaleón (W) drainages. Seismicity increased on 10 July. Explosions generated ash plumes that rose 2.3 km and drifted 12 km SE, causing ashfall in Morelia (9 km SW) and Panimaché (8 km SW). According to CONRED, as of 4 July, the number of people confirmed to have died due to the 3 June pyroclastic flows was 113, and 332 remained missing.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

27 June-3 July 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH and CONRED reported that 2-7 weak explosions per hour at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose as high as 650 m above the crater rim and drifted W and SW during 27-29 June and 1-3 July. Ashfall was reported on 27 June in areas downwind including Sangre de Cristo and Yepocapa. Avalanches of material descended the S, SW, and W flanks (Santa Teresa, Las Lajas, El Jute, and Cenizas drainages). According to CONRED, as of 3 July, the number of people confirmed to have died due to the 3 June pyroclastic flows was 113, and 197 remained missing. In addition, 12,823 remained evacuated.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

20 June-26 June 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH and CONRED reported that during 20-26 June multiple lahars at Fuego were often hot, steaming, and had a sulfur odor, and were generated from heavy rains and the recent accumulation of pyroclastic-flow deposits from the 3 June events. Lahars remained a significant hazard, and descended the Cenizas (SSW), Las Lajas (SE), Santa Teresa (W), and Taniluyá (SW) drainages. They were 25-45 m wide, as deep as 3 m, and often carried blocks up to 3 m in diameter, tree trunks, and branches. The agencies warned that because the Las Lajas drainage is full of deposits, lahars can continue to descend that drainage or create new channels in San Miguel Los Lotes (one of the hardest-hit areas).

Explosions continued, producing ash plumes that rose as high as 1.3 km above the crater and drifted as far as 15 km in multiple directions. Ashfall was reported in Panimache, Morelia, Sangre de Cristo, and finca Palo Verde on 22 June. Avalanches of material descended the SE, S, and W flanks (Santa Teresa, Las Lajas, and Cenizas drainages). According to CONRED, as of 26 June, the number of people confirmed to have died due to the 3 June pyroclastic flows was 112, and 197 more were missing. In addition, 12,823 remained evacuated.

Sources: Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

13 June-19 June 2018 Cite this Report

During 13-19 June INSIVUMEH and CONRED reported that strong lahars at Fuego were often hot, steaming, and had a sulfur odor, and were generated from heavy rains and the recent accumulation of pyroclastic-flow deposits from the 3 June events. Lahars descended the Cenizas (SSW), Las Lajas (SE), Mineral, Santa Teresa (W), El Gobernador, and Taniluyá (SW) drainages. They were 20-45 m wide, as deep as 3 m, and often carried blocks up to 3 m in diameter, tree trunks, and branches. On 14 June lahars disrupted communication in the communities of Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Yucales, and Sangré de Cristo (8 km WSW), all of Yepocapa (8 km N), and Chimaltenango (21 km NNE), requiring assistance from the Army. Water levels in the Pantaleón River began to rapidly rise in the afternoon of 17 June.

During 16-19 June as many as seven explosions per hour produced ash plumes that rose as high as 1.2 km above the crater and drifted as far as 15 km W, SW, and S. Some explosions were heard in areas within a 10-km radius. Avalanches of material descended the Santa Teresa, Las Lajas, and Cenizas drainages during 17-18 June, producing ash plumes, and ashfall in Panimache, Morelia, Sangre de Cristo, and finca Palo Verde. According to CONRED, as of 19 June, the number of people confirmed to have died due to the 3 June pyroclastic flows remained at 110, and 197 more were missing. In addition, 12,823 people had been evacuated.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

6 June-12 June 2018 Cite this Report

During 6-12 June INSIVUMEH and CONRED reported that strong lahars at Fuego were often hot, steaming, and had a sulfur odor, and were generated from heavy rains and the recent accumulation of pyroclastic-flow deposits from the 3 June events. On 6 June lahars descended the Santa Teresa, Mineral, and Taniluyá drainages (tributaries of the Pantaleón river) and possibly the Honda drainage, halting search-and-rescue efforts. The lahars were 30-40 m wide, 2-5 m deep, and carried blocks (2-3 m in diameter) and tree parts. CONRED noted on 9 June that deposits on roads were being cleaned at a rate of 150 m per day, and that exposed deposits were as hot as 150 degrees Celsius. Significant hot lahars, 40 m wide and 5 m deep, traveled down the Seca, Mineral, Niágara, and Taniluyá drainages, carrying rocks and tree branches. On 10 June a strong lahar traveled down the Seca, Mineral, Niagara, Taniluyá, and Ceniza drainages. It was 35 m wide, 3 m deep, and carried blocks up to 1 m in diameter, tree trunks, and branches. Lahars that traveled down the Seca and Mineral drainages on 11 June were 40 m wide and 3 m deep. Lahars on 12 June were 20-45 m wide and 2-5 m deep, and flowed down the Ceniza and Mineral rivers.

During 6-11 June as many as nine weak explosions per hour produced ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater and drifted 8-15 km W, SW, and S. Avalanches of material descended the Las Lajas and Santa Teresa ravines. Some explosions vibrated local structures. At 0820 on 8 June a pyroclastic flow descended the Las Lajas and El Jute drainages, producing an ash plume that rose as high as 6 km and drifted W and SW. Explosive activity increased during 11-12 June, with dense ash plumes rising 1.3 km and drifting as far as 25 km N and NE. Pyroclastic flows traveled down the Seca drainage. According to CONRED, as of 12 June, the number of people that had died due to the 3 June pyroclastic flows was 110, and 197 more were missing. In addition, 12,578 people had been evacuated.

Sources: Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

30 May-5 June 2018 Cite this Report

In a special bulletin from 0600 on 3 June INSIVUMEH noted increased activity at Fuego. Strong explosions were accompanied by rumbling sounds, and shock waves that vibrated local structures. Dense ash plumes rose 2.3 km above the crater and drifted SW, W, NW, and N. Pyroclastic flows descended the Seca (Santa Teresa) drainage on the W flank, and possibly other drainages, though poor weather conditions prevented clear views of the summit area. Ash plumes drifted in westerly directions, causing ashfall (on roofs and cars) in Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW) and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). By 1000 pyroclastic flows were descending the Cenizas (SSW) drainage. Ashfall was reported in additional areas including La Soledad (10 km ESE), Quisache, and the municipality of Acatenango (8 km E).

Based on information from multiple agencies, the Washington VAAC reported an ash plume rising to 9 km (30,000 ft) a.s.l. at 1130 from an explosive eruption. In a report from 1340, INSIVUMEH described large pyroclastic flows traveling down the Seca, Cenizas, Mineral, Taniluya (SW), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda (E) drainages, producing dense ash plumes that rose 6.2 km above the summit (or 32,800 ft a.s.l.). A news article stated that the pyroclastic flows traveled at least 8 km and reached temperatures of 700 degrees Celsius. Tephra and lapilli fell in areas more than 25 km away, including in La Soledad, San Miguel Dueñas (10 km NE), Alotenango, Antigua Guatemala (18 km NE), and Chimaltenango (21 km NNE). Ashfall was reported as far away as Guatemala City, 70 km E. Explosions rattled structures within 20 km of Fuego. The La Aurora International Airport closed at 1415. Eyewitness accounts described the fast-moving pyroclastic flows inundating fields people were working in, overtaking bridges, and burying homes up to their roof lines in some areas. San Miguel Los Lotes, Alotenango, and El Rodeo (10 km SSE) were the worst affected.

According to Simon Carn, satellite data analysis showed that the event produced the highest SO2 loading measured from a Fuego eruption in the satellite era (since 1978), and therefore most likely the highest since the major 1974 eruption. He went on to note that the SO2 mass was about ~2 orders of magnitude than the 1974 eruption, which had a significant stratospheric impact.

At 1650 INSIVUMEH noted reports of lahars descending the Pantaleón drainage (fed by the Santa Teresa and El Mineral rivers) and other drainages. CONRED had evacuated communities near Fuego, including Sangre de Cristo, finca Palo Verde, and Panimache. At 2200 (~16.5 hours after the increased activity began), the eruption waned, with activity characterized by weak-to-moderate explosions, crater incandescence, and ash plumes that rose almost 800 m. The seismic station (FG3) recorded the last pyroclastic flow at 1845. By 0725 on 4 June seismicity had returned to normal levels. Explosions occurring at a rate of 5-7 per hour produced ash-rich plumes that rose as high as 900 m and drifted 15 km SW, W, NW, and N. Avalanches of material descended the flanks. The La Aurora International Airport reopened and flights resumed at 0930.

On 5 June INSIVUMEH reported that activity again increased. Explosions occurring at a rate of 8-10/hour, some strong, generated ash plumes that rose 5 km and drifted E and NE. At 1928 a pyroclastic flow traveled down the Las Lajas drainage. News articles noted that authorities called for another evacuation.

CONRED reported that by 0630 on 6 June a total of 12,089 people had been evacuated, with 3,319 people dispersed in 13 shelters. One bridge and two power networks had been destroyed. According to news sources on 6 June, Guatemala's National Institute of Forensic Sciences stated that 75 people were confirmed to have died and 192 were still missing. Many, possibly thousands, received burns and other injuries. Weather conditions, continuing activity at Fuego, poor air quality, hot pyroclastic flow deposits, and rain made rescue efforts difficult.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED); Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Simon Carn; NASA Earth Observatory; BBC News; The Guardian News; ABC News - American Broadcasting Corporation; U.S. Embassy in Guatemala

16 May-22 May 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that beginning at 1400 on 17 May a lahar descended the Seca (Santa Teresa) drainage on Fuego’s W flank. The lahar was 25 m wide, 1 m deep, and carried trees and blocks 1.5 m in diameter. During 19-21 May explosions occurred at a rate of 5-8 per hour, and generated ash plumes that rose almost 1 km and drifted 10-20 km S, SW, and W. Some explosions were accompanied by rumbling audible more than 30 km away, and shock waves that vibrated structures in Morelia (9 km SW) and Panimaché (8 km SW). Incandescent material was ejected 200-300 m above the crater rim, and generated avalanches of material within the Seca, Ceniza (SSW), and Las Lajas (SE) drainages that reached vegetated areas. Ash fell in areas downwind including in Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia, Panimaché I and II, and Finca Palo Verde. A lava flow 700-800 m long was active in the Ceniza drainage.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

9 May-15 May 2018 Cite this Report

Small ash explosions at Fuego on 11 and 12 May rose to 5 km (15,000 ft) a.s.l., or approximately 1 km (3,280 ft) above the summit. The ash dispersed quickly to the southwest and was visible on webcams.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

11 April-17 April 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 9 April a lahar descended the Seca (Santa Teresa) drainage on Fuego’s W flank. The lahar was 10 m wide, 1.5 m deep, and had a consistency similar to cement mix. During 12-13 April explosions generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1 km and drifted 15 km SW and W. Incandescent material was ejected as high as 300 m above the crater rim, and generated avalanches of material in the Seca, Cenizas (SSW), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda (E) ravines. Ash fell in areas downwind including in Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché (8 km SW), (SSW), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda (E) ravines. Ash fell in areas downwind including in Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché (8 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), and Finca Palo Verde.

Activity increased on 14 April and remained elevated through 17 April. Moderate-to-strong explosions were detected at a rate of 6-9 per hour, and sometimes produced shock waves that vibrated houses in Morelia and Panimaché. Dense ash plumes rose as high as 1.1 km and drifted 20 km W and S, though winds also carried the ash to higher altitudes to the SE. Incandescent material was ejected as high as 300 m above the crater rim, and generated avalanches of material in the crater area. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including in Santa Sofía, Morelia, Panimaché I and II, El Porvenir, and Finca Palo Verde. The rate of explosions increased to 7-10 per hour on 16 April; explosions sometimes caused structures in Panimache, Morelia, La Reina, and Alotenango (8 km ENE) to vibrate. A lava flow traveled 1.3 km down the Seca drainage.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

4 April-10 April 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 7-10 April explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km and drifted 10-15 km SW and S. Sometimes the explosions were accompanied by weak shock waves. Incandescent material was ejected as high as 200 m above the crater rim, and generated avalanches of material in the Seca (Santa Teresa, W), Cenizas (SSW), Las Lajas (SE), and Trinidad (S) ravines. During 9-10 April ash fell in areas downwind including in Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché (8 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

28 February-6 March 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that explosions at Fuego during 27-28 February and 3-5 March generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km and drifted 10-20 km W, SW, and S. Sometimes the explosions were accompanied by weak shock waves. Incandescent material was ejected as high as 300 m above the crater rim, and generated avalanches of material in the Seca (Santa Teresa, W), Cenizas (SSW), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda (E) ravines. Ash fell in areas downwind including in Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché (8 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), and Finca Palo Verde.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

7 February-13 February 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that explosions at Fuego during 7-13 February generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1.5 km and drifted 10-12 km N, NW, SW, and S. Avalanches of material traveled down the Seca (W), Ceniza (SSW), and Taniluyá (SW) drainages on 12 February, and down the Las Lajas (SE) and Honda (E) drainages on 13 February. Ash fell in areas downwind on 13 February including Morelia (9 km SW) and Panimaché (8 km SW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

31 January-6 February 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that the first Strombolian eruption at Fuego in 2018 began on 31 January, after a thermal anomaly was detected in satellite images the day before. Explosions produced ash plumes that rose 1.5 km above the crater and drifted 20 km SW. Lava fountains rose 300-500 m, and fed lava flows that traveled 800 m W in the Seca (Santa Teresa) drainage and 600 m in Las Lajas (SE) and Honda (E) drainages. On 1 February the eruption style changed to Vulcanian. Pyroclastic flows mainly descended the Seca, Trinidad (S), Las Lajas, and Honda drainages. Ash plumes from explosions rose 3.2 km and drifted more than 60 km NE, SW, and W. Ashfall was recorded in areas downwind including Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Finca Palo Verde, San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), Ciudad Vieja (13.5 km NE), Antigua Guatemala (18 km NE), and W and SW Ciudad de Guatemala. CONRED reported that 2,880 people were evacuated. At 1630 INSIVUMEH noted that the Strombolian-Vulcanian eruption phase had finished, 20 hours after it had begun. Explosions continued, generating ash plumes that rose just under 1 km and drifted 15 km SW.

On 2 February there were 3-5 weak explosion recorded per hour, with ash plumes rising 750 m and drifting 5-8 km W, SW, and S. Shock waves and rumbling were noted, and the lava flows remained visible. During 4-5 February ash plumes from explosions (about 5 per hour) produced ash plumes that rose 700 m and drifted W and SW. Incandescent material was ejected 200 m above the crater, causing weak avalanches of material around the crater area and in some vegetated areas.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

3 January-9 January 2018 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 4-9 January explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater and drifted mainly 10-15 km S, SW, and W, with an occasional plume moving E or NE. Some of the explosions generated shock waves. Incandescent material was ejected 100-300 m above the crater rim, causing avalanches of material that traveled within the crater and sometimes down the Ceniza (SSW), Taniluyá (SW), and Seca (W), and Las Lajas (SE) drainages. Minor ashfall was noted in local areas including Panimaché I (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), El Porvenir, La Rochela, and Ceylon.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

13 December-19 December 2017 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that activity at Fuego increased on 14 December. Vulcanian explosions generated ash plumes that rose 1.7 km above the crater and drifted 15 km NW, N, and NE. Ashfall was reported in San Miguel Dueñas, Alotenango (8 km ENE), and Ciudad Vieja (13.5 km NE). Explosions caused rumbling noises and shock waves that rattled nearby structures. The high level of activity continued during 14-15 December with 5-8 explosions per hour causing shock waves and rumbling. Ash plumes rose 1.2 km and drifted 20 km W and SW, and incandescent material was ejected 200-250 m above the crater. Ash fell in Panimaché I (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and El Porvenir. Explosions occurred at a rate of 4-6 per hour during 16-19 December, and weak shock waves were generated. Ash plumes rose as high as 1 km and drifted 12-15 km W and SW, causing ashfall in areas downwind including Panimaché I and II, Morelia, Santa Sofia, Sangre de Cristo, Palo Verde farm, and Yepocapa. Incandescent material was ejected 150-200 m above the crater.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

6 December-12 December 2017 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that the 12th effusive/explosive eruption at Fuego in 2017 began on 10 December and, based on seismicity, lasted for about 36 hours. Ash plumes from moderate-to-strong explosions rose as high as 1.2 km above the crater rim and drifted 20 km S and SW. Lava flowed as far as 1.5 km W down the Seca (Santa Teresa), SW down the Taniluyá, and SSW down the Ceniza ravines. Ash fell in the communities of La Rochela, San Andrés Osuna, Morelia (9 km SW), and Panimaché I and II (8 km SW). On 12 December there was an average of 10 explosions per hour, generating avalanches in the Ceniza and Taniluyá drainages and ashfall in nearby areas.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

1 November-7 November 2017 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 2-3 November tremor at Fuego increased. Explosions (6-8 per hour) generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1.3 km above the crater and drifted 15 km W and SW. During 4-5 November there were 5-8 explosions per hour producing ash plumes that rose 1.2 km and drifted 10-15 km W and SW. Incandescent material was ejected 300 m above the crater, causing avalanches that were confined to the crater. The 11th effusive eruption phase in 2017 began on 5 November. Lava flowed 1-1.2 km W down the Seca drainage and 800 m SSW down the Ceniza drainage. Avalanches of material from the ends of the lava flows descended the flanks and reached vegetated areas. About 6-8 explosions per hour generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km and drifted 10-15 km W and SW. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and El Porvenir. The effusive phase ended on 7 November.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

4 October-10 October 2017 Cite this Report

CONRED and INSIVUMEH reported that during 4-6 October increased explosive activity (8-12 explosions per hour) at Fuego generating ash plumes that rose as high as 1.3 km above the crater. Ash plumes drifted more than 20 km S, SW, and W; ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and El Porvenir. Incandescent material rose 300 m above the crater, and avalanches of material traveled as far as 1.5 km W down the Seca (Santa Teresa) ravine and SSW down the Ceniza ravine. Shockwaves vibrated local structures. An average of 4-6 explosions per hour were detected during 7-8 October. Ash plumes rose around 1 km and drifted 12 km W, NW, and N. Incandescent material was ejected 150 m above the crater, causing avalanches that were confined to the crater. Ash fell in local communities including San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km N), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and La Soledad. Vulcanian explosions during 8-9 October produced ash plumes that rose 1 km and drifted 15 km SW, W, and NW, again causing ashfall in Panimaché, Santa Sofía, Morelia, El Porvenir, San Pedro Yepocapa, and Sangre de Cristo. Block avalanches traveled 2 km down the flanks.

Sources: Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

13 September-19 September 2017 Cite this Report

Based on INSIVUMEH notifications, CONRED reported that Fuego’s ninth effusive eruption phase in 2017 began on 13 September. Explosions generated ash plumes that rose 1.2 km above the crater and drifted 15 km W and SW, causing ashfall in communities downwind including San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km N), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). Pyroclastic flows descended the Seca (Santa Teresa) ravine on the W flank. The eruptive phase ended about 35 hours later. INSIVUMEH noted that on 14 September, explosions generated ash plumes that rose 750 m and drifted 10 km W and SW. Shock waves from some explosions vibrated nearby structures. A lava flow was active in the Santa Teresa ravine. Explosions on 15 September produced ash plumes that rose as high as 750 m and drifted 5 km NW and SW. The lava flow was 300 m long. During 17-18 September ash plumes from explosions rose almost 1 km and drifted W and SW. Incandescent material was ejected 250 m above the crater rim, and caused avalanches of material around the crater area. Ashfall was reported in areas including Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and El Porvenir.

Sources: Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

23 August-29 August 2017 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 25 August lahars descended the Pantaleón, Cenizas, El Jute, and Las Lajas drainages on Fuego’s W, SSW, and SE flanks. The lahar in the Pantaleón river (fed by the Santa Teresa and El Mineral rivers) was 35 m wide, 2.5-3 m deep, and carried trees and blocks more than 2-3 m in diameter. The Cenizas river lahar was about 25 m wide, 3 m deep, and carried blocks up to 2 m in diameter. The lahars in El Jute and Las Lajas drainages were 20 m wide, 1.5 m deep, and carried tree debris and blocks up to 2 m in diameter. Explosions during 26-29 August generated ash plumes that rose as high as 950 m above the crater and drifted 7-12 km SW, W, and NW. Incandescent material was ejected 100-200 m above the crater rim, and caused avalanches of material around the crater area. Explosions were audible within a 20-km radius, and shock waves vibrated local structures. Ash fell in areas downwind including Panimache I and II, Morelia, Finca Palo verde, Sangre de Cristo, and El Porvenir. On 29 August lahars 10 m wide and 1.5 m deep descended the Santa Teresa and El Mineral drainages, carrying tree debris and blocks up to 2 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

16 August-22 August 2017 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that the eighth effusive episode at Fuego in 2017 began on 20 August. Constant explosions generated ash plumes that rose 2.3 km above the crater and drifted more than 50 km W and SW. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Panimaché I (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and Yepocapa (8 km WNW). Two lava fountains, each 300 m high, fed lava flows that traveled 1.4 km SSW down the Ceniza ravine and 1.2 km W down the Seca (Santa Teresa) ravine. Incandescent block avalanches occurred throughout the crater. Some explosions generated shock waves that rattled nearby structures. Seismicity decreased on 21 August. Weak explosions generated ash plumes that rose 1 km and drifted 20 km. Suspended ash from explosions and pyroclastic flows was visible. The lava flows had lengthened 200 m in the Ceniza ravine and 100 m in the Santa Teresa ravine. The report warned that pyroclastic flows were concentrated in the Santa Teresa ravine, possibly filling the drainage with deposits (similar to activity from 5 May) and increasing the chances for lahars. Ash fell in San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km N) and Chimaltenango (21 km NNE). On 22 August INSIVUMEH noted that after 48 hours the effusive episode was over. Explosions produced ash plumes that rose 1.2 km and drifted SW, and continued to vibrate nearby structures. Incandescent material was ejected as high as 200 m above the crater rim.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

9 August-15 August 2017 Cite this Report

CONRED reported that during 8-9 August the lava flow that had descended Fuego’s Ceniza (SSW) drainage was still active, producing avalanches of material and emissions. Explosions generated ash plumes that rose 650 m above the crater. According to INSIVUMEH ash plumes from explosions during 11-12 and 14-15 August rose 650-850 m and drifted 7-8 km W and SW. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including in Panimache (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Yepocapa, and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). Incandescent material was ejected 100-150 m above the crater rim, and caused avalanches of material that traveled down multiple ravines.

Sources: Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

2 August-8 August 2017 Cite this Report

Based on INSIVUMEH special bulletins, CONRED reported increased activity at Fuego on 4 August, characterized by explosions ejecting incandescent material as high as 300 m above the crater rim and lava traveling 600 m down the Ceniza (SSW) ravine. Explosions generated ash plumes that rose almost 1 km and drifted 12 km W and SW. INSIVUMEH reported that multiple explosions during 5-6 August generated ash plumes that rose as high as 850 m above the crater and drifted 10 km W. Some explosions generated shock waves that rattled nearby structures. Incandescent material was ejected 100 m above the crater rim, and caused avalanches of material that traveled down the Ceniza, Taniluyá (SW), Santa Teresa (W), Las Lajas (SE), Honda (E), and Trinidad (S) drainages. Ash fell in areas downwind, including Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW) and Yepocapa (8 km WNW). A lava flow was active 600 m down the Ceniza drainage. Explosive activity increased on 7 August. Ash plumes rose as high as 750 m and drifted 10 km W and SW. Ballistics were ejected more than 150 m above the crater and fell 200 m away. Shock waves continued to vibrate houses in nearby communities. During 7-8 August two lava fountains rose 150 m high, heralding the seventh effusive episode at Fuego in 2017. The fountains fed lava flows, 1.5 km and 700 m long, in the Ceniza and the Santa Teresa ravines, respectively. Explosions (occurring at a rate of 6-8 per hour) produced ash plumes that drifted 20 km W, causing ashfall in Panimache (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), and Yepocapa.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

12 July-18 July 2017 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that multiple explosions at Fuego during 13-14 July generated ash plumes that rose as high as 950 m above the crater and drifted 8-10 km NW and W. Incandescent material was ejected 100 m above the crater rim, and caused avalanches of material that traveled down the Ceniza (SSW), Taniluyá (SW), and Trinidad (S) drainages. On 16 July a 30-m-wide, 2-m-deep, hot lahar descended tributaries of the Pantaleón (W) drainage, carrying blocks more than 2 m in diameter, branches, and tree trunks. The lahars again overtook the road between communities on the SW flank, isolating the village of Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW) and the Palo Verde estate. Vulcanian explosions during 17-18 July produced dense ash plumes that rose almost 1 km above the crater rim and drifted 15 km W and NW. Ash fell in Panimache (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and Santa Sofía (12 km SW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

5 July-11 July 2017 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that 4-7 explosions per hour at Fuego during 6-7 July generated ash plumes that rose as high as 950 m above the crater and drifted 6-10 km SW and W. Incandescent material was ejected 100-200 m above the crater rim, and caused avalanches of material that traveled down the Ceniza (SSW), Taniluyá (SW), Santa Teresa (SW), and Trinidad (S) drainages. Later on 7 July the rate of explosions increased to 7-10 per hour. During 7-9 July ash plumes rose as high as 1.1 km and drifted 15 km W, causing ashfall in Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and possibly San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km N). A lava flow traveled 1.5 km down the Las Lajas (SE) drainage. On 11 July INSIVUMEH declared that the 6th eruption of the year with lava effusion was in progress. Explosions generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1.3 km above the crater and drifted 35 km W, and shock waves rattled nearby structures. Ash fell in areas including Morelia, Panimache, Santa Sofía, El Porvenir, and Sangre de Cristo. Two lava flows were fed by lava fountains 150-250 m high; one lava flow traveled 2.3 km down the Las Lajas drainage and another traveled 1.7 km down the Santa Teresa (SW) drainage. Later that day INSIVUMEH reported that the 31-hour-long eruption had ended. A few weak-to-moderate explosions continued, generating ash plumes that rose 850 m and drifted 6 km W.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

14 June-20 June 2017 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 13-14 June explosions at Fuego generated shock waves detected within 10 km, and block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Taniluyá (SW), Santa Teresa (SW), and Trinidad (S) ravines. On 18 June heavy rain triggered a 20-m-wide, 1.5-m-deep lahar that traveled down the El Jute (SE) ravine, carrying tree trunks and blocks as large a 2 m in diameter. Explosions during 18-20 June produced ash plumes that rose as high as 950 m above the crater and drifted 8-12 km S, SW, and W. Ashfall was noted in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and Panimaché I and II (8 km SW). Incandescent material was ejected 100-200 m above the crater rim, and caused avalanches of material that traveled into the Ceniza, Taniluyá, Trinidad, and Santa Teresa drainages.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

7 June-13 June 2017 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 8-9 June explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted 15 km W, NW, and N. Rumbling was noted, and block avalanches descended multiple ravines. Lahars traveled down several ravines on the SE, S, and SW flanks, especially down the Pantaleón (W) ravine. On 10 June at 1150 a lahar descended the Ceniza (SSW) drainage, carrying blocks 1 m in diameter. The lahar was 15-18 m wide and as deep as 3 m. During 10-11 June explosions produced ash plumes that rose 750-1,050 m and drifted 12-15 km W, NW, and N. Shock waves from some of the explosions were detected. Two hot lahars descended the flanks on 13 June. The first one traveled down the Pantaleón river and was 35 m wide and 2.5-3 m deep, and carried trees and blocks 2-3 m in diameter. The second lahar descended the Ceniza and was 25 m wide and 3 m deep, and carried blocks up to 2 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

31 May-6 June 2017 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported increased activity at Fuego on 1 June, characterized by an increase in the number of explosions (6-7 per hour) and ash plumes rising as high as 950 m above the crater and drifting W. Explosions generated shock waves that rattled structures in multiple areas including Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir, and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). Incandescent material was ejected as high as 500 m above the crater rim, and caused avalanches of material on the flanks. On 2 June explosions produced ash plumes that rose 550-950 m and drifted 10-12 km W and SW. Shock waves were detected within a radius of 25 km. Incandescent material was ejected 300-500 m high, causing avalanches in the Ceniza (SSW), Taniluyá (SW), and Santa Teresa (W) drainages. During 3-4 June there were 2-4 explosions recorded per hour. Ash plumes rose 650-1,050 m high and drifted 8-10 km W and SW. Weak shock waves rattled nearby buildings. Avalanches from ejected incandescent material continued to descend the three drainages. On 4 June a hot lahar descended the Pantaleón (W) drainage, carrying blocks more than 2 m in diameter, branches, and tree trunks. The lahar was 30 m wide and had a strong sulfur odor. During 4-5 June incandescent material rose 150 m and a lava flow traveled 300 m down the Santa Teresa drainage. On 6 June INSIVUMEH noted that eruptive episode number five had ended, with remnant lava flows in the Santa Teresa (2 km long) and Ceniza (3 km long) drainage. Explosions generated ash plumes that rose 950 m and drifted 15 km W and NW.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

24 May-30 May 2017 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 23 May a hot lahar descended Fuego’s Santa Teresa (W) drainage, carrying blocks 2 m in diameter, branches, and tree trunks. The lahar was 10 m wide and 1 m high, and could be heard in the vicinity of the drainage. On 27 May a large hot lahar traveled down the Santa Teresa drainage, carrying blocks 2 m in diameter, branches, and tree trunks. The lahar was 30 m wide, 2 m high, and had a strong sulfur odor.

During 24-25 and 27-30 May explosions generated ash plumes that rose as high as 950 m above the crater rim and drifted as far as 12 km W and SW. Ash fell in multiple areas including Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Los Yucales, El Porvenir, and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). Incandescent material was ejected as high as 250 m above the crater rim, and caused avalanches of material that traveled into the Ceniza (SSW), Taniluyá (SW), and Santa Teresa drainages.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

10 May-16 May 2017 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 9-16 May explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose as high as 950 m above the crater rim and drifted 7-12 km W, SW, S, and E. Ashfall was reported in San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km N), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), and Panimache I and II (8 km SW) during 9-12 May. On 14 May a hot lahar descended the Río Ceniza (SSW) and Santa Teresa (W) drainages, carrying blocks 2 m in diameter, branches, and tree trunks. Sounds from colliding blocks were audible more than 1 km away, and steam plumes rose from the lahar. During 14-16 May avalanches descended the Ceniza and Las Lajas (SE) drainages, and gas emissions rose from pyroclastic-flow deposits in the ravines.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

3 May-9 May 2017 Cite this Report

In a special report INSIVUMEH reported that a new phase of activity (the fourth of the year) at Fuego began on 5 May and was the strongest activity recorded since 2012. Strong explosions, sometimes producing shock waves, generated dense ash plumes that rose 1.3 km above the crater and drifted more than 50 km S, SW, and W. Ashfall was reported in many areas downwind, including San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km N), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), finca Palo Verde, Santa Lucia Cotzumalguapa (23 km SW), Siquinala, San Andrés Osuna, Chuchu, and La Reunión. Lava flows traveled 2 km down the Santa Teresa (W) drainage and 3 km down the Las Lajas drainage. Pyroclastic flows descended the Trinidad (S), Las Lajas (SE), Ceniza (S), and Santa Teresa drainages. Residents of Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW) were evacuated. Explosions were not reported that next day and the lava flows may have stopped advancing. According to a news article, about 300 people had been evacuated from Panimache (8 km SW). During 7-8 May lower-energy explosions generated ash plumes that rose as high as 750 m above the crater and drifted 8-20 km W and SW. Gases were observed rising from pyroclastic flow deposits in the ravines.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Daily News and Analysis

26 April-2 May 2017 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that beginning at 1700 on 24 April a hot lahar descended Fuego’s Río Ceniza (SSW) drainage, carrying blocks 2 m in diameter, branches, and tree trunks. The lahar was heard up to 1 km away. During 29 April-2 May explosions generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as15 km W and SW. Some of the explosions produced shock waves felt within a 10-km radius. Ash fell in Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW) and possibly other areas. Incandescent material was ejected as high as 200 m above the crater rim.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

5 April-11 April 2017 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 6-11 April explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose as high as 850 m above the crater rim and drifted as far as11 km W, SW, and S. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and Santa Sofía (12 km SW). Rumbling from the explosions was sometimes heard. During 10-11 April incandescent material was ejected 100-150 m above the crater, generating minor avalanches in the area of the cone.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

29 March-4 April 2017 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that activity at Fuego increased on 1 April, with the beginning of a new effusive eruption, the third one in 2017. Explosions occurring an average of 10 per hour generated shock waves that vibrated local structures. An ash plume rose an estimated 1.3 km and drifted 10 km W, SW, and S; weather clouds hindered observations. Later that day lava fountains rose 100-300 m high and fed lava flows that traveled 400 m down the Trinidad (S) and Las Lajas (SE) drainages. The effusive phase lasted about 16 hours, ending on 2 April, with lava flows stopping as far as 3 km, and expanding into the Santa Teresa (W) drainage. Ash plumes drifted as far as 80 km W, causing ashfall in areas downwind including Atitlan Lake, Chicacao, Mazatenango, Retalhuleu, and El Palmar. On 4 April explosions generated ash plumes that rose 750 km and drifted S, and avalanches pf material descended the Ceniza drainage.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

22 March-28 March 2017 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 25-28 March explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted 10-12 km SW and S. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Los Yucales, and El Porvenir. Shock waves and rumbling from the explosions were sometimes heard; structures in local areas were rattled from explosions during 26-27 March. Incandescent material was ejected as high as 300 m above the crater rim, and sometimes landed 250 m away. Avalanches of material were confined to the crater. INSIVUMEH noted that activity had become more intense on 27 March.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

15 March-21 March 2017 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 16-21 March explosions at Fuego generated sometimes dense ash plumes that rose as high as 950 m above the crater rim and drifted 10-12 km W, SW, and S. Ashfall was reported in Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), and El Porvenir. Shock waves and rumbling from the explosions were sometimes heard. Incandescent material was ejected as high as 200 m above the crater rim. During 18-19 March incandescent material was ejected 200 m away from the crater. In a special report dated 21 March INSIVUMEH noted that lahars had begun descending the Santa Teresa and Las Lajas drainages at 1623 based on seismic data; it had been raining for a few days.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

8 March-14 March 2017 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that six explosions and weak shockwaves were detected at Fuego on 9 March. Ash plumes rose 900 m and drifted S and SW. Ashfall was reported in Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and Santa Cecilia. Avalanches of material traveled towards the Santa Teresa (W), Trinidad (S), and Las Lajas (SE) drainages. The number and intensity of explosions increased on 10 March. Ash plumes rose as high as 2.7 km and drifted more than 10 km W and SW. Ash fell in areas downwind including Panimaché I and II, Morelia, Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Finca Palo Verde, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km N). During 11-14 March explosions produced ash plumes that rose 0.5-1 km and drifted 8-12 km NW, W, and SW. Ash fell in multiple areas including Panimaché I and II, Morelia, and Santa Sofía. Incandescent material was ejected as high as 200 m above the crater rim.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

22 February-28 February 2017 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 21-22 February there were 28 explosions detected at Fuego, and ash plumes that rose as high as 1 km above the crater rim and drifted E and NE. There were 32 explosions recorded during 23-24 February; ash plumes rose 650 m and drifted S and SW. Lava fountains rose 200 m high, and generated a 200-m-long lava flow that descended the Santa Teresa (W) drainage. A second lava flow descended the Las Lajas (SE) drainage. Seismicity increased on 24 February. On 25 February explosions generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1.3 km above the crater and drifted more than 25 km NW, N, NE, and E. Ash fell in Alotenango (8 km ENE), San Vicente Pacaya, El Rodeo, El Zapote, La Reunión, and Alotenango. Lava fountains rose 300 m, and material was ejected as far away as 500 m. The lava flows continued to advance, extending 1.2 km in the Santa Teresa drainage, 1.3 km in the Las Lajas drainage, and 1.6 km in the Ceniza (SSW) drainage. Weak-to-moderate explosions during 26-27 February produced ash plumes that rose at most 750 m and drifted 8 km W and SW.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

1 February-7 February 2017 Cite this Report

In a special report from 2 February, INSIVUMEH noted increased activity at Fuego characterized by explosions occurring every 5-15 minutes. Ash plumes rose as high as 750 m and drifted 15 km W, causing ashfall in areas downwind including Sangre de Cristo and San Pedro Yepocapa. During 2-7 February explosions generated ash plumes that rose 0.4-1.1 km above the crater and drifted at most 12 km NW, W, SW, and S. Incandescent material was ejected 150 m high, and avalanches traveled down the Taniluyá (SW) and Ceniza (SSW) drainages. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Rochela, and Panimaché I and II (8 km SW). Shock waves from explosions rattled nearby structures.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

25 January-31 January 2017 Cite this Report

Based on INSIVUMEH notices, CONRED reported that at 1345 on 25 January a Strombolian phase began at Fuego. Weak-to-moderate explosions generated ash plumes that rose 750 m above the crater rim and drifted 10 km W and SW. Lava fountains rose 200 m above the crater rim and fed lava flows that traveled 1 km SSW down the Ceniza drainage. Avalanches of material advanced more than 300 m down the Ceniza and Trinidad (S) drainages into vegetated areas. Ash fell on the SW and W flanks. The report also noted that a previous Strombolian phase had begun on 3 January.

INSIVUMEH reported that during 27-31 January explosions generated ash plumes that rose 500-900 m and drifted 5-10 km W, SW, S, and SE. Avalanches of material descended the Ceniza, Trinidad, and Santa Teresa (W) drainages.

Sources: Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

21 December-27 December 2016 Cite this Report

In a special bulletin from 21 December, INSIVUMEH reported the beginning of the 16th Strombolian episode in 2016 at Fuego. Ash plumes rose 1.5 km above the crater and drifted 18 km S, SW, W, and NW, and ashfall was reported in nearby areas including Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). Lava fountains rose 200-300 m above the crater and fed three lava flows: the first traveled 2.5 km W down the Santa Teresa drainage, the second traveled 2 km SW down the Taniluyá Canyon, and the last traveled 1.8 km SE down the Las Lajas drainage. Shock waves from explosions rattled structures within a 12-km radius. During 24-27 December weak explosions generated ash plumes that rose 450-750 m and drifted 5-10 km W and SW.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

14 December-20 December 2016 Cite this Report

In a special bulletin from 20 December, INSIVUMEH reported increased activity at Fuego. Moderate to strong explosions which sometimes produced shock waves occurred at a rate of 8-13 per hour, and ash plumes rose as high as 950 m and drifted more than 15 km W, SW, and S. Incandescent material was ejected 200-300 m above the crater and landed 300 m away on the flanks. Avalanches of material descended the flanks. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Panimaché (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

7 December-13 December 2016 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 6-7 December the number of explosions at Fuego increased to 3-5 per hour. Ash plumes rose 1 km above the crater and drifted 12 km W and SW, causing ashfall in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km N). Incandescent block avalanches reached vegetated areas. Activity continued at the same level through 12 December, although 4-6 explosions per hour were detected during 12-13 December. Ash plumes from explosions during 8-12 December rose as high as 1.1 km and drifted 12-15 km W, SW and S. Ash fell in the same areas downwind. During 8-9 and 11-12 December incandescent material was ejected 200 m above the crater, causing avalanches of material in the crater and towards the main ravines.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

16 November-22 November 2016 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 16-17 and 19 November explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 650-950 m above the crater rim and drifted 12 km W, SW, and S. Incandescent material was ejected as high as 200 m causing minor avalanches confined to the crater. The 15th Strombolian episode in 2016 began on 20 November. Lava fountains rose as high as 300 m and fed three lava flows which traveled 1 km S down the Trinidad drainage, 2 km SSW down the Ceniza drainage, and 2.5 km SE down the Las Lajas drainage. Explosions generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1.3 km and drifted 15 km S and SW. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), and Panimaché I and II (8 km SW). Lava fountains continued to rise 300 m above the crater rim on 21 November and avalanches of material descended the Santa Teresa (W) and Taniluyá (SW) drainages. Ash plumes rose 1.3 km and drifted 20 km S, SW, and W, causing ashfall again in Morelia, Santa Sofía, and Panimaché I and II. INSIVUMEH noted that on 22 November the Strombolian eruptive phase had ended. Ash plumes continued to be generated, rising as high as 1.8 km and drifting more than 10 km S and SW.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

9 November-15 November 2016 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 11-15 November explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1.3 km and drifted more than 15 km W and SW. Some explosions produced shock waves detected within a 10 km radius and also ejected incandescent material as high as 300 m. Minor avalanches were confined to the crater. Ashfall was reported in Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and Panimaché I and II (8 km SW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

28 September-4 October 2016 Cite this Report

Based on INSIVUMEH reports, CONRED stated that beginning at 0730 on 27 September loud explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 1 km above the crater rim and drifted more than 15 km W and SW. After about 36 hours of elevated activity, the 13th Strombolian episode in 2016, Fuego returned to more normal levels. On 28 September there were 4-6 explosions per hour recorded, producing ash plumes that rose 550-650 m and drifted 8-12 km W and SW. Lava flows in the Las Lajas (SE) and Santa Teresa (W) drainages had stalled. Explosions during 30 September-1 October and 3-4 October generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km and drifted 7-13 km W, SW, and S. During 3-4 October explosions produced shock waves and ashfall in Morelia (10 km SW). Incandescent material was ejected 300 m high, and block avalanches reached vegetated areas.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

21 September-27 September 2016 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 23-26 September lava fountains rose as high as 200 m above Fuego’s crater rim, and lava flows traveled 3.5 km SE in the Las Lajas drainage. Explosions occurring at a rate of 3-4 per hour produced ash plumes that rose 450-850 m and drifted 8-12 km E, S, SW, and W. On 26 September a 10-m-wide and 1-m-deep lahar, triggered by heavy rain in the area, descended the Santa Teresa (W) drainage, a tributary of the Pantaleón river. The lahar carried blocks 50 cm in diameter, branches, and tree trunks. Moderate to large explosions generated ash plumes that rose 1.2 km and drifted 20 km W and SW. Lava fountains rose 200-300 m and fed two lava flows; the first traveled 1.5 km down the Las Lajas drainage and the second traveled 1.8 km down the Santa Teresa drainage. Avalanches originated from a degassing fissure on the S flank. Ashfall was reported in areas on the W and SW flank, including the Palo Verde finca, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and Yepocapa (8 km NW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

7 September-13 September 2016 Cite this Report

On 8 September INSIVUMEH reported that the 12th eruptive episode at Fuego in 2016 had ended. Weak explosions produced ash plumes that rose as high as 750 m above the crater and drifted more than 8 km W and SW. Lava fountains rose 100 m above the crater rim; the lava flow in the Las Lajas (SE) drainage was no longer advancing. During 11-13 September explosions produced ash plumes that rose 450-850 m and drifted 6-10 km NW, W, and SW. Explosions ejected incandescent material as high as 150 m above the crater rim.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

31 August-6 September 2016 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 4-5 September incandescent material rose as high as 200 m above Fuego’s crater rim, and ash plumes rose 450 m and drifted W and SW. Sounds resembling train engines were constant and rumblings were heard six to nine times per hour. A 500-m-long lava flow was active in the Las Lajas (SE) drainage. Activity increased during the early afternoon on 5 September. The magnitude and number of explosion (6 per hour) increased, generating ash plumes that rose 850 m and drifted 12 km W and SW. The lava flow had grown to 1.2 km long. The rate of six explosion per hour continued on 6 September. Ash plumes rose 850 m and drifted 10 km W and SW, causing ashfall in Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Panimache (8 km SW), and other nearby areas.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

10 August-16 August 2016 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 13-16 August explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km and drifted 10-12 km W, SW, and SE. Some explosions also ejected incandescent material as high as 150 m that then caused minor avalanches within the crater. Ashfall was reported in Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Los Yucales (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Los Chucales, and Panimaché I and II (8 km SW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

27 July-2 August 2016 Cite this Report

On 28 July CONRED noted that in recent days activity at Fuego was characterized by a high level of explosive activity. At 0545 activity increased further, heralding a shift to Strombolian activity and the beginning of the 12th eruptive episode at Fuego in 2016. Explosions produced ash plumes that rose 1 km and drifted 15 km SW, W, and NW, and caused shock waves detected in nearby areas. Pyroclastic flow descended the Las Lajas (SE) drainage, and ashfall was reported in Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW) and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km N). INSIVUMEH reported that during 28-29 July lava was ejected 500 m above the crater; lava flows traveled 3 km down the Santa Teresa (W) and Las Lajas drainages. Pyroclastic flows continued to descend the flanks. Ash plumes rose 1.7 km and drifted 35 km W and SW. Activity declined at 1500 on 29 July; ash plumes rose 800 m. On 30 July there were 3-5 explosions detected per hour, generating gray ash plumes that rose 550-850 m and drifted 10 km W and SW. Incandescent material was ejected as high as 150 m above the crater. Lava flows remained incandescent as far as 1.8 km in the drainages. Ash fell in Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), and Panimaché I and II (8 km SW). INSIVUMEH noted that at 0130 on 30 July the activity ended. Minor explosions generated ash plumes that did not rise higher than 750 m.

Sources: Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

13 July-19 July 2016 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 15 July activity at Fuego increased, characterized by eight explosions per hour detected by the seismic network and ash plumes that rose 1.1 km above the crater. Ash fell on the W and SW flanks. During 17-19 July there were 3-6 explosions per hour detected. Ash plumes rose as high as 850 m above the crater and drifted at least 12 km W and SW, causing ashfall in areas downwind including Yepocapa (8 km N), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and Panimaché I and II (8 km SW). Some explosions generated shock waves that rattled nearby homes and sounds resembling jet engines were heard every 3-8 minutes. Incandescent material was ejected 100-200 m high, and avalanches reached vegetated areas.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

6 July-12 July 2016 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 7-10 July there were 6-8 explosions per hour at Fuego, generating ash plumes that rose as high as 950 m above the crater and drifted W and NW. Ash fell in Yepocapa (8 km N), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Panimache (8 km SW), and other nearby areas. Some explosions generated shock waves, and incandescent material was ejected 150 m high. There were 18 explosions detected during 11-12 July; ash plumes rose as high as 850 m and drifted more than 10 km W and SW.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

29 June-5 July 2016 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 30 June-5 July explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose as high as 950 m and drifted W and SW. Some explosions also ejected incandescent material as high as 150 m that then fell onto the flanks and caused minor avalanches. In a special bulletin posted on 5 July, INSIVUMEH noted that 18 explosions were registered within a 24-hour period. Ash plumes rose as high as 1 km and drifted W and SW.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

22 June-28 June 2016 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 23-24 June explosions at Fuego occurred at a rate of 2-5 per hour, and generated ash plumes that rose 650-950 m above the crater and drifted 10 km SW, W, NW, and N. Lava fountains rose as high as 200 m above the crater, and fed a lava flow that traveled 600 m SE down the Las Lajas (SE) drainage.

In a special bulletin from 1200 on 26 June, INSIVUMEH stated that the tenth episode of effusive activity at Fuego had ended, having lasted for a period of over 30 hours. The report noted that weak explosions continued, producing ash plumes that rose as high as 850 m and drifted 10 km S, SW, and W. Lava flows had advanced to 600 and 800 m in the El Jute (SE) and Las Lajas drainages, respectively. Explosions during 26-28 June generated ash plumes that rose 550-850 m and drifted SSW. Weak shock waves from explosions were detected during 26-27 June, and abundant crater incandescence was visible during 27-28 June.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

18 May-24 May 2016 Cite this Report

On 19 May CONRED reported that pyroclastic flows not generated by explosions had descended Fuego's flanks during the previous 12 hours. INSIVUMEH reported that during 19-22 May weak-to-moderate explosions generated ahs plumes that rose 450-750 m above the crater and drifted 7 km W, SW, and S. Incandescent material was ejected 100 m high and generated avalanches down the Las Lajas (SE), Trinidad (S), Santa Teresa (W), Ceniza (SSW), and Honda drainages. A 300-m-long lava flow was active in the Las Lajas drainage. CONRED noted that at 1800 on 22 May Fuego began its 10th Strombolian phase for 2016, characterized by a 1.5-km-long lava flow, explosions, and ash plumes that rose 1.3 km above the crater and drifted 15 km W and SW. During 23-24 May explosions produced ash plumes that rose 4.3-4.8 km and drifted 10-15 km WSW. The lava flow was active as far as 1 km.

Sources: Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

4 May-10 May 2016 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 7-10 May weak-to-moderate explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 550-750 m above the crater and drifted S, SW, and W.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

13 April-19 April 2016 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported explosions at Fuego during 14-19 April. Ash plumes rose as high as 750 m above the crater and drifted 8-10 km W, SW, and S.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

6 April-12 April 2016 Cite this Report

In a special bulletin from 7 April, INSIVUMEH reported that moderate and strong explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 850-1,050 m and drifted 15 km SW. The explosions were heard in areas as far as 20 km away, and were accompanied by shock waves that vibrated structures within a 12-km radius. Rumbling was heard in Santa Lucia Cotzulmaguapa (20 km SW). Ash fell in local areas including Panimache and Panimache II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). During 7-8 April gray ash plumes from explosions rose as high as 950 m and drifted 15 km W and SW. Rumbling noises and detectable shock waves continued. Incandescent material was ejected 250 m high and generated avalanches down the Las Lajas (SE), Trinidad (S), Santa Teresa (W), and Taniluyá (SW) drainages. A high level of activity continued during 9-12 April; five to six explosions per hour were detected during 9-10 April. Dense ash plumes rose over 1 km high and drifted 15 km SW. Ashfall was noted in multiple villages including San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km N), Panimaché, and Sangre de Cristo. Shock waves vibrated structures within 15 km, and rumbling was heard 30 km away. At night block avalanches were seen reaching vegetated areas on the flanks. During 11-12 April incandescent material was ejected 200 m high, causing avalanches down the Las Lajas, Trinidad, Santa Teresa, Taniluyá, and Ceniza (SSW) drainages.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

23 March-29 March 2016 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 24-25 and 27-29 March explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 550-950 m above the crater and drifted 6-12 km SE, S, SW, and W. Incandescent material was ejected 200 m high on 25 March, producing avalanches within the crater and down the Trinidad (S), Ceniza (SSW), and Taniluyá (SW) drainages. On 29 March ashfall was reported Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW) and Panimaché I and II (8 km SW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

16 March-22 March 2016 Cite this Report

In a special report from 21 March INSIVUMEH reported a change in the eruptive pattern at Fuego. Explosions generated ash plumes that rose 550-950 m above the crater and drifted 12 km E. Ashfall was reported in Sangre de Cristo and Panimaché I and II. Explosions continued the next day. Ash plumes rose as high as 950 m and drifted S and SW. Incandescent material was ejected 300-400 m high, causing avalanches in the crater.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

9 March-15 March 2016 Cite this Report

On 10 March INSIVUMEH reported a new phase of activity at Fuego characterized by Vulcanian explosions, and ash plumes that rose 650 m and drifted E. Strong shock waves and rumbling sounds were detected 10 km away. During 10-11 March explosions generated ash plumes that rose 650-950 m and drifted E and NE. Incandescent material was ejected as high as 200 m and caused avalanches in the Trinidad (S) and Taniluyá (SW) drainages. Cloud cover prevented visual observations during 12-13 March; shock waves were detected. During 14-15 March explosions produced ash plumes that rose 450-750 m and drifted 8-10 km SW, W, and NW. Incandescent material was ejected as high as 150 m.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

2 March-8 March 2016 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH noted that the fourth episode of effusive activity at Fuego for 2016 had begun on 29 February and lasted for about 48 hours. At the beginning of the episode, ash plumes rose as high as 1.3 km and drifted 15 km S and SW, and lava fountains rose 100-150 m above the crater. In a special report on 2 March, INSIVUMEH noted that explosions persisted even though seismicity had declined. Explosions, detected 25 km away, produced ash plumes that rose 2.3 km above the crater and drifted 40 km W and NW. Ash fell in Sangre de Cristo, Morelia, Panimaché I and II, and Yepocapa. A 3-km-long lava flow advanced in the Honda ravine. Later that day, at 1930, INSIVUMEH stated that the effusive episode had ended. Weak explosions generated ash plumes that rose 750 m and drifted 10 km WNW. During 3 and 5-6 March explosions continued, producing ash plumes that rose as high as 550 m and drifted 8-10 km W, SW, and SE.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

10 February-16 February 2016 Cite this Report

In a special report, INSIVUMEH noted that the third episode of effusive activity at Fuego for 2016 had ended at 1830 on 10 February. Afterward some minor explosions generated ash plumes that rose 450 m above the crater and drifted 10 km NNE. Lava flows had traveled 3 km down the Las Lajas drainage (SE) and in the Trinidad drainage (S). During 11-16 February explosions generated ash plumes that rose 350-550 m and drifted almost 11 km W, SW, S, and SE.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

3 February-9 February 2016 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 6-9 February explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 150-950 m above the crater and drifted as far as 15 km SE, SW and W. Incandescent material was ejected 200 m high, producing avalanches within the crater and down the Trinidad (S), Ceniza (SSW), Taniluyá (SW), and Santa Teresa (W) drainages. A 1-km-long lava flow was active in the Las Lajas (S) drainage.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

13 January-19 January 2016 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that approximately 1-2 explosions every four hours were detected at Fuego during 14-15 January. Ash plumes rose 450-650 m above the crater and drifted N and NE. During 16-17 January, 4-5 explosion per hour were detected, generating ash plumes that rose 750 m and drifted 12 km NE. Block avalanches descended the flanks in multiple directions. There were 26 explosions during 18-19 January, with some generating shock waves and jet engine sounds. Ash plumes rose 550-850 m and drifted 10-12 km S, SW, and W. Three lava flows in the Trinidad, Las Lajas, and Santa Teresa drainages were at most 2 km long.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

6 January-12 January 2016 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that white fumarolic plumes rose as high as 350 m above Fuego during 7-12 January. Three weak explosions detected during 9-10 January generated low ash plumes that drifted SE.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

30 December-5 January 2016 Cite this Report

In a special report, INSIVUMEH reported a significant increase in activity at Fuego on 30 December. A series of pyroclastic flows descended the Las Lajas and El Jute drainages on the SE flank, and a dense ash plume rose 5 km and drifted 20 km W. Ashfall was reported in multiple communities on the flanks, including Panimache I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and Santa Sofía (12 km SW). In another special report issued on 4 January, INSIVUMEH noted that dense ash plumes rose as high as 7 km and drifted over 40 km W, SW, S, and SE. Some explosions generated shock waves that vibrated nearby houses. Ash fell in Panimache I and II, Morelia, Santa Sofía, El Porvenir (8 km ENE), La Rochelle, and Osuna. Lava fountains rose 400-500 m above the crater and fed 2.5-km-long lava flows in the Santa Teresa (SW), Trinidad (S), and Las Lajas (SE) drainages. Collapses of parts of the cone generated pyroclastic flows that descended the Las Lajas, El Jute, and Trinidad drainages. By the next day activity had decreased; explosions produced ash plumes that rose 550 m and drifted 12 km S, SE, and SW. The lava flows were no longer active.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

16 December-22 December 2015 Cite this Report

On 16 December INSIVUMEH reported that activity at Fuego decreased, although lava flows remained active in the Las Lajas (SE), Trinidad (S), and Santa Teresa (SW) drainages. Ash plumes from weak explosions drifted 15 km SW, S, and SE. During 16-17 December there were 4-5 explosions per hour, generating ash plumes that rose 650-750 m above the crater and drifted 8-12 km W and SW. Explosions during 20-22 December produced ash plumes that rose 550-950 m and drifted 8-10 km W. Incandescent material was ejected 150 m high, landed on the flanks, and then formed small avalanches in the Santa Teresa (SW), Taniluyá (SW), Trinidad, and Ceniza drainages.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

9 December-15 December 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 10-12 December explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 450-950 m above the crater and drifted as far as 12 km W and SW. Shock waves from the explosions vibrated nearby homes. Incandescent material was ejected 200 m high, landed on the flanks, and then formed small avalanches in the Santa Teresa (SW), Taniluyá (SW), and Las Lajas (SE) drainages. Block avalanches reached vegetated areas during 11-12 December. Activity increased during the night of 14-15 December, characterized by an increased number of explosions (4-6 per hour). Ash plumes rose almost 1 km high and drifted 10-15 km NE, E, and SE. Two 800-m-long lava flows were active in the Trinidad (S) and Santa Teresa drainages.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

25 November-1 December 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 29 November activity at Fuego increased significantly, characterized by large and strong explosions, ash plumes, and lava flows. Ash plumes rose as high as 2.2 km above the crater and drifted 40 km W and SW. Lava fountains rose 500 m above the crater, feeding four lava flows that traveled 3-4 km down the Ceniza, Trinidad, Las Lajas, and Santa Teresa drainages. Ash fell in Panimache I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Yucales (12 km SW), Rochelle, Ceylon, and other neighboring communities. Activity declined on 30 November; lava fountains rose 100-150 m, and ash plumes rose 1 km and drifted 25 km WSW. Lava flows were active in five drainages, including the Honda drainage (E flank). On 1 December weak-to-moderate explosions generated ash plumes that rose 400-800 m and drifted 10-12 km W and SW. Lava fountains continued to rise as high as 150 m. The five lava flows were at most 3 km long, and small pyroclastic flows descended the Honda drainage.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

11 November-17 November 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 11-12 and 14-16 November explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 450-750 m above the crater and drifted WSW. Ashfall was reported in Panimache I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Sangre de Cristo, and in the municipalities of San Pedro Yepocapa, Rochela, Ceilán, San Andrés Osuna, and El Zapote. Lava flows remained active in the Las Lajas and El Jute (SE) drainages.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

4 November-10 November 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 5-6 and 8-10 November explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 550-750 m above the crater and drifted 10-15 km S and SE. Ashfall was reported in Panimache I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), and El Porvenir (8 km ENE), and Sangre de Cristo. Incandescent material was ejected 200 m high and produced avalanches that descended the Santa Teresa, Trinidad, and Las Lajas (S) drainages. During 8-9 November a new lava flow traveled 1.5 km down the Las Lajas and El Jute (SE) drainages. By 10 November the lava flow was 2.5 km long. Incandescent material was ejected 300 m high, and ashfall was reported in Panimache I and II, Morelia, Santa Sofia, El Porvenir, Sangre de Cristo and the municipality of San Pedro Yepocapa. Later that evening pyroclastic flows descended the E flank. Ash fell in multiple areas including Morelia, Santa Sofía, el Porvenir, Panimache II, Sangre de Cristo, San Pedro Yepocapa, Rochela, Ceilán, San Andrés Osuna, El Zapote, Siquinala, Santa Lucia Cotzumalguapa, Mazatenango, Patulul, and Cocales.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

28 October-3 November 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 30 October-3 November explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 450-850 m above the crater and drifted as far as 10 km W and SW. Incandescent material was ejected 100 m high. Ashfall was reported in Panimache I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), and El Porvenir (8 km ENE) during 2-3 November.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

21 October-27 October 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 21-22 October explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 350-650 m above the crater. A lava flow advanced in the Santa Teresa (W) drainage. Seismicity increased during 25-26 October, and gas-and-ash plumes rose 1.2 km and drifted S and SW. Lava fountains rose as high as 200 m, feeding 850-m-long lava flows in the Santa Teresa and Trinidad (S) drainages. On 27 October lava fountains rose 300 m, and lava flows advanced as far as 1.5 km in the Santa Teresa, Trinidad, and Las Lajas (S) drainages. Strombolian explosions produced ash plumes that rose almost 1 km high.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

14 October-20 October 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 13-14 October lava fountains periodically rose 150 above Fuego's crater, producing a 300-m-long lava flow in the Santa Teresa (W) drainage. Weak explosions generated ash plumes that rose 750 m above the crater. During 16-17 October cloud cover prevented visual observations; explosions were heard and shock waves were detected. During 19-20 October ash plumes from explosions rose 550 m high. The lava flow was 500 m long.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

7 October-13 October 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that by 8 October the lava flows on Fuego’s flanks were 800 m and 1.5 km long, and advancing into the Santa Teresa (W) and Trinidad (S) drainages, respectively. Ash plumes from explosions rose 750 m above the crater and drifted 12 km W and SW. Ashfall was reported in Morelia, Sangre de Cristo, Panimache, and Santa Sofía. On 10 October at 2100 activity became constant; incandescent material was ejected 200 m high. Strombolian activity during 12-13 October continued to feed lava flows on the flanks; flows had advanced to 1 and 1.3 km away from the crater in the Santa Teresa and Trinidad drainages, respectively. Explosions, some producing shock waves, continued to generate ash plumes that rose as high as 750 m above the crater and drifted 12 km SW. Ashfall was again reported in Morelia, Sangre de Cristo, Panimache, and Santa Sofía.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

30 September-6 October 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 30 September-1 October explosions at Fuego occurred at a rate of 4-6 per hour, generating ash plumes that rose 950 m above the crater and drifted 10 km W. Some explosions produced shock waves. Ash fell in Sangre de Cristo and possibly in San Pedro Yepocapa. During 3-6 October ash plumes from explosions rose 450 m and drifted 10 km W and SW. Shock waves vibrated local structures. Incandescent material was ejected 150 m high, and avalanches descended the Trinidad (S) and Santa Teresa (W) drainages. Advancing lava flows in those same two drainages were 400-600 m long. Ashfall was reported in Panimache I and II, Santa Sofía, and Morelia. In a special report from 7 October, INSIVUMEH noted that activity at Fuego had been at a high level during recent weeks. The lava flows continued to advance; the flows were 1 km long and 700 m long in the Trinidad and Santa Teresa drainages, respectfully. Gas-and-ash plumes rose over 1 km and drifted 12 km W and SW.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

2 September-8 September 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 1-2 September activity at Fuego was characterized by lava fountains, explosions, and ashfall in surrounding areas. Pyroclastic flows descended the flanks. An ash plume rose 1.3 km above the crater and drifted 15 km W. Ashfall was reported in San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km N) and Chimaltenango (21 km NNE), and in the communities of Panimaché (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). Activity decreased by the afternoon of 2 September; remnants of three lava flows were visible in the Santa Teresa (S), Trinidad (S) and Las Lajas (SE) drainages. Weak explosions during 4-5 September generated ash plumes that rose 450 m and drifted 7 km W and SE.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

19 August-25 August 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 22-25 August explosions at Fuego produced booming noises, and ash plumes that rose 450-650 m above the crater and drifted 12 km W. Incandescent material was ejected 100-150 m above the crater. Ashfall was reported in Panimaché (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and Santa Sofía (12 km SW). Lahars descended the Trinidad drainage (S).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

12 August-18 August 2015 Cite this Report

Based on INSIVUMEH notices, CONRED reported that moderate levels of activity at Fuego had been detected since 9 August. During 12-13 August there were eight explosions identified, along with rumbling and shock waves. Ash plumes rose 350 m above the crater. Incandescent material was ejected 200 m high, and avalanches descended the Las Lajas (SE), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), and Santa Teresa (W) drainages.

Source: Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

1 July-7 July 2015 Cite this Report

Based on INSIVUMEH notices, CONRED reported that for a 30-hour period during 30 June-1 July activity at Fuego was at a high level, characterized by explosions, high-temperature pyroclastic flows (that began on 1 July), and ashfall. Ash plumes rose 4.8 km above the crater and drifted 25 km W and NW, producing ashfall in 22 local communities. The majority of material deposited by pyroclastic flows was in the Las Lajas drainage. Activity decreased later that day. During 4-6 July, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions produced ash plumes that rose as high as 800 m above the crater and drifted 8-10 km SW and W. Incandescent material was ejected 100 m high, and avalanches descended the Santa Teresa and other nearby drainages.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

24 June-30 June 2015 Cite this Report

In a special report from 28 June at 2100, INSIVUMEH reported that activity at Fuego had been changing during the previous few hours, characterized by 4-5 explosions per hour and ash plumes rising 850 m. During 28-30 June ash plumes drifted W, causing ashfall in areas downwind. Shock waves from the explosions vibrated structures in areas including Panimache and Panimache II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). Block avalanches descended the flanks. Rumbling was audible as far as 25 km away. During 29-30 June a 300-m-long lava flow was visible in the Las Lajas drainage on the SE flank.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

10 June-16 June 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that at 1830 on 12 June the seismic stations at Fuego detected a lahar. At 1930 a lahar, 25 m wide and 2-3 m deep, traveled S down the Trinidad drainage, carrying abundant volcanic material and blocks 1-2 m in diameter. During 13-16 June explosions generated ash plumes that rose 550-850 m above the crater and drifted 10-12 km WNW, W, SW, and S. Shock waves were detected, and incandescent tephra was ejected 50 m above the crater. Ash fell in areas downwind including La Soledad, Acatenango, and Sacatepéquez.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

3 June-9 June 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 4-5 June Strombolian activity at Fuego ejected incandescent material 300 m above the crater. Gray plumes rose 1.1 km and drifted 14 km S and SW; ashfall was reported in communities within 11 km, including Panimaché l and ll, Morelia, Sangre de Cristo, and areas in Yepocapa. Lava flows traveled 600 and 1,200 m down the Santa Teresa and Trinidad drainages, respectively. Avalanches of material from the lava-flow fronts descended the drainages. In a special report from 6 June, INSIVUMEH noted that after 30 hours the period of Strombolian activity had ended. Three lava flows, 600, 700, and 1,300 m in length, were no longer active. The report noted that this episode was the fourth for the year. Deformation to the crater had occurred, with two cinder cones visible from several areas. During 6-7 June white plumes rose 150 m and drifted 10 km S and SW. Pulses of incandescence rose 100 m. Explosions during 7-8 June produced ash plumes that rose 750 m and drifted W and S. Ashfall was recorded in areas within a distance of 10 km.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

20 May-26 May 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that activity at Fuego remained high during 21-26 May. Explosions produced ash plumes that rose 800 m above the crater and drifted 8-10 km W and SW. Ash fell in nearby areas including Panimache I and II, Morelia, and Santa Sofía. Homes within a 10-km radius vibrated from explosions. Incandescent material was ejected 150-200 m above the crater and incandescent block avalanches descended the Cenizas (SSW) and Trinidad (S) ravines.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

13 May-19 May 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 14-15 May the number and intensity of explosions at Fuego was high. During 14-17 May ash plumes rose 450-750 m above the crater and drifted 10-12 km W and SW. Shock waves from some explosions rattled nearby houses on the W and SW flanks, including in Morelia, Panimache, and Sangre de Cristo. Ashfall was reported in Panimache, Morelia, and Santa Sofía. Incandescent tephra was ejected 150-200 m above the crater and block avalanches descended multiple drainages. In a special report from 18 May, INSIVUMEH stated that hours after of an effusive eruption that ended at 1730 observers noted ash plumes drifting 10 km and a S-flank lava flow. The report also stated that inclement weather had hindered views during the previous few days. During 18-19 May explosions generated ash plumes that rose 550-750 m and drifted 10 km W and SW. Ash fell in Morelia, Panimache I and II, and Santa Sofía. Incandescent tephra was ejected 150 m above the crater and block avalanches descended multiple drainages.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

15 April-21 April 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 15-17 April explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 650-850 m above the crater and drifted 8-11 km S, SW, and W. Incandescent tephra was ejected 150-200 m above the crater. Avalanches originated from the end of a 300-m-long lava flow in the Trinidad drainage. In a special report from 18 April INSIVUMEH noted that lava effusion had ended at 1730 that day. The activity that followed was characterized by explosions occurring at a rate of 2-4 per hour and crater incandescence. During 19-20 April explosions occurring at a rate of 2-3 per hour generated ash plumes that rose 450-750 m and drifted 4-6 km W and NW. Incandescent tephra was ejected 100 m high and avalanches descended the Ceniza and Trinidad drainages. Explosions during 20-21 April produced ash plumes that rose 550 m and drifted 7 km W and NW. Incandescent tephra was again ejected 100 m high.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

18 March-24 March 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 21-23 March explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 750-950 m above the crater and drifted 10-12 km W and SW. Ash fell in nearby areas including Panimache I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and Santa Sofía (12 km SW). Incandescent tephra was ejected 100 m high during 22-23 March.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

11 March-17 March 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 10-11 March the magnitude and number of explosions at Fuego increased, producing ash plumes that rose 650-950 m above the crater and drifted 12 km W, NW, and N. Shock waves from explosions were detected in nearby areas including Panimache I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). During 12-13 March explosions generated ash plumes that rose 800 m and drifted 10-12 km S and SW. Incandescent tephra was ejected 100 m high. During 15-16 March ash plumes from explosions rose 550-950 m and drifted 10-12 km WSW; shock waves were reported and ash fell in Panimache, Morelia, and Santa Sofía (12 km SW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

4 March-10 March 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 5-10 March explosions at Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 550-850 m above the crater and drifted 10 km NW, W, and SW. Avalanches descended the Santa Teresa (W), Cenizas (SSW), Trinidad (S), and Las Lajas (SE) ravines, and ash fell in nearby areas including Panimache I and II, Morelia, and Santa Sofía. Incandescence from the crater was sometimes observed at night.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

25 February-3 March 2015 Cite this Report

In a special notice, INSIVUMEH reported that an effusive eruption at Fuego that began on 28 February produced 300-400-m-high lava fountains. One lava flow traveled 1.6 km S down the Trinidad drainage and another traveled 600 m W down the Santa Teresa drainage. The eruption produced rumbling and train sounds audible up to 12 km away. Ash plumes rose 850-1,250 m above the crater and drifted 35 km W. Ashfall was reported in nearby areas including Panimache (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and Santa Sofía (12 km SW). During 28 February-1 March explosions generated ash plumes that rose an average of 650 m and drifted 9-10 km W. Incandescent material was ejected 150 m above the crater, and a small lava flow (400 m long) descended the Trinidad drainage. INSIVUMEH noted that the effusive phase had ended at 2156 on 1 March. Ash plumes from explosions rose 550-750 m and drifted 10 km W on 2 March and SW on 3 March.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

18 February-24 February 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 19-20 February explosions at Fuego produced dense ash plumes that rose 650-1,250 m above the crater and drifted 12-15 km W, S, and SE. Shock waves from some of the explosions rattled structures in nearby areas including Panimache (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and Santa Sofía (12 km SW). Crater incandescence was visible at night and block avalanches that descended the Santa Teresa (W), Cenizas (SSW), Trinidad (S), and Las Lajas (SE) ravines. Ashfall was reported in Panimache and La Rochela. During 21-22 February explosions occurring at a rate of 5-7 per hour generated dense ash plumes that rose 550-850 m and drifted 10-15 km NE, W, and SW. Ash fell in Panimache I and II, Morelia, Santa Sofía, and Yepocapa (8 km NW). During 22-23 February explosions at a rate of 4-6 per hour were detected. Gray plumes rose 650-850 m and drifted 10-12 km. Explosions ejected tephra 100 m above the crater. Ashfall was again reported in nearby communities including Panimaché I and II, Morelia, Santa Sofía. Explosions continued to be detected during 23-24 February and incandescent material was ejected 100 m.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

11 February-17 February 2015 Cite this Report

On 12 February INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced water vapor, gas, and ash plumes that rose 350-800 m above the crater and drifted E and S, and at times NW, drifting as high as 1.7 km. During 12-14 February explosions generated ash plumes that rose 800 m and drifted 10-11 km E and SE. Incandescent material was ejected 100-150 m above the crater, causing avalanches in the Trinidad (S) drainage. During 15-16 February block avalanches descended the Cenizas (SSW), Trinidad, and Las Lajas (SE) drainages. Ashfall was reported in Panimache (8 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). In a special report on 16 February INSIVUMEH noted 4-6 explosions per hour, and ash plumes that rose, based on pilot reports, to altitudes of 7-9.1 km (23,000-30,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted more than 15 km SW and W. Another special report issued on 17 February stated that 4-6 explosions per hour continued to be detected. Large amounts of ash formed mushroom-shaped clouds that rose 0.6-1.1 km above the crater and drifted over 15 km NW, W, SE, and S. Incandescent material was ejected 150 m above the crater, causing avalanches in the Trinidad, Ceniza, Las Lajas, and Santa Teresa drainages.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

4 February-10 February 2015 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 5-6 February explosions at Fuego ejected incandescent tephra 150 m above the crater, causing avalanches in the Taniluya (SSW), Ceniza, and Trinidad (S) drainages. Shock waves rattled nearby structures. Ash plumes rose 550 m above the crater and drifted 11-12 km S and SW. A Strombolian eruption commenced on 7 February; plumes with water vapor and ash rose as high as 1.3 km and drifted 20 km NW. Pyroclastic flows descended multiple drainages. CONRED reported that ash fell in Guatemala City (about 35 km ENE) and flights were diverted to El Salvador. On 8 February, although activity had decreased, the seismic network detected 30 explosions per minute. Explosions sounded like locomotives and generated shock waves detected in areas 15 km S and SW. Lava flows were at most 2 km long in the El Jute (SE) and Trinidad (S) drainages, reaching vegetated areas and causing fires. In a special notice INSIVUMEH stated that activity levels had returned to normal; weak to moderate explosions produced ash plumes that rose 550 m and drifted 8-10 km NW. Morphological changes had occurred on the S flank from pyroclastic flows. Avalanches from the lava flows also descended the southern flanks. Explosions during 9-10 February generated ash plumes that rose 800 m and drifted 11-12 km S and SW.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

7 January-13 January 2015 Cite this Report

During 8-13 January INSIVUMEH reported that activity at Fuego continued at a high rate; explosions generated ash plumes that rose 550-950 m above the crater and drifted 10-15 km W and SW. Incandescent blocks traveled mainly down the Ceniza (SSW), Santa Teresa (W), and Las Lajas (SE) drainages and reached vegetated areas, generating small fires. Ashfall was reported in Panimache I and II (8 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), and areas in the municipality of San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW). During 10-13 January explosions ejected incandescent tephra 100-200 m above the crater causing avalanches in the Taniluya (SSW), Ceniza, and Trinidad (S) drainages.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

10 December-16 December 2014 Cite this Report

In a special bulletin issued on 10 December, INSIVUMEH reported that during the previous few weeks activity at Fuego had remained high, characterized by ash emissions, frequent powerful explosions, and rumbling. On 10 December activity changed, with explosions being accompanied by lava fountains that rose 100-150 m above the crater. During 11-16 December explosions generated ash plumes that rose 650-850 m and drifted 15 km W, SW, S, and SE. Avalanches from lava flows descended drainages. Ashfall was reported in areas near the observatory, and in Morelia (9 km SW) and Panimaché (8 km SW). Incandescent material was ejected 100 m above the crater and explosions sometimes generated shock waves.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

26 November-2 December 2014 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 28-30 November explosions at Fuego produced ash plumes that rose at most 1.2 km above the crater and drifted as far as 25 km S, SW, and W. Shock waves from some of the explosions rattled structures near the volcano. Incandescent material was ejected 100-150 m above the crater duirng 29-30 November. Ashfall was reported in Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), and surrounding communities.

In a special bulletin issued on 1 December, INSIVUMEH reported that activity remained similar to the previous few days, characterized by periods of more frequent and intense explosions observed 6-8 times per hour. Dense gray ash plumes rose almost 1.3 km and drifted 20 km W and SW. Ash fell in Morelia, Santa Sofía, Panimaché, and Yepocapa. Some explosions were audible up to 30 km away. Shock waves vibrated structures on the S and SW flanks. Incandescent blocks descended multiple drainages. During 1-2 December explosions generated ash plumes that rose 850 m and drifted 15 km S and SW.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

12 November-18 November 2014 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 13-18 November explosions at Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 550-750 m above the crater and drifted 10-12 km S and W. Shock waves from some of the explosions rattled structures near the volcano. Incandescent material was sometimes ejected above the crater. Ashfall was reported in Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), and surrounding communities.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

5 November-11 November 2014 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 6-8 November explosions at Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 500-1,050 m above the crater and drifted 10 km WSW. Shock waves from some of the explosions rattled structures within a 12-km radius. The larger explosions generated block avalanches that descended the Santa Teresa (W), Taniluyá (SW), Cenizas (SSW), El Jute (SE), and Las Lajas (SE) ravines. Ashfall was reported in villages on the W and SW flanks.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

8 October-14 October 2014 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 11-12 October explosions at Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 1,650-1,950 m above the crater and drifted 10-12 km WSW. Explosions ejected incandescent tephra 150 m above the crater and generated shock waves that rattled structures within a 13-km radius. Ashfall was reported in Panimaché (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), San Pedro, and Yepocapa (8 km NW). During 12-14 October explosions produced ash plumes that rose 500-800 m above the crater and drifted 7-12 km S and SW. Incandescent pulses rose 100-150 m above the crater. During 13-14 explosions rattled structures in Morelia, Panimache, and Sangre de Cristo, and incandescent blocks from the crater were observed at night.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

10 September-16 September 2014 Cite this Report

During 10-16 September INSIVUMEH reported that white fumarolic plumes rose 200-600 m above Fuego’s summit. Variable explosions generated ash plumes 500-1,00 m above the summit; during 24-hour periods there were daily counts of 28, 32, 21, 12, 0, 8, and 11. The lava flow was active within the Ceniza drainage (SSW) on 13 September and had extended 100 m.

Moderate rumbling was heard and shockwaves caused roofs to shake on some houses near the volcano. On 10-13, 15, and 16 September incandescent plumes were observed 100-200 m above the crater.

Weak avalanches were frequently channeled into the drainages of Ceniza, Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Santa Teresa (W), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda (E) during 10-16 September.

During 10-13 and 15 September fine gray ash from explosions fell over the areas of Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (10 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), and others. During 14 September ashfall was reported in Yepocapa (8 km WNW), Panimaché, Sangre de Cristo, Morelia, and others. During 16 September ashfall was reported in Alotenango (8 km ENE), Antigua (18 km NE), Ciudad Vieja (13.5 km NE), and other areas.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

3 September-9 September 2014 Cite this Report

On 2 September INSIVUMEH seismically detected a lahar flowing through Fuego’s Taniluyá drainage (SW flank). Observations determined a width of 75 m and height of 2.5 m. The flow cut the road between Santa Lucia Cotzulmaguapa and the communities of Morelia, Santa Sofía, and Panimaché I and II. Lahars were also detected within Río Ceniza (SSW) and Santa Teresa (W).

During 3-9 September INSIVUMEH reported that white fumarolic plumes rose 300-600 m above Fuego’s summit. Weak-to-moderate ash explosions occurred each day and generated plumes 500-800 m high; ash plumes drifted up to 15 km away with prevailing winds. Moderate rumbling was heard and shockwaves caused roofs to shake on some houses near the volcano. On 3 and 5-9 September incandescent plumes were observed 75-150 m above the crater. Weak avalanches were channeled into the drainages of Ceniza (SSW), Trinidad (S), Taniluyá (SW), Santa Teresa, Las Lajas, and Honda during 9 September.

During 3-4 and 6-9 September fine gray ash from explosions fell over the areas of Yepocapa (8 km WNW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (10 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Yucales (12 km SW), Porvenir (8 km ENE), and others.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

27 August-2 September 2014 Cite this Report

During 27 August-2 September, INSIVUMEH reported that weak to moderate explosions at Fuego expelled blocks up to 800 m above the rim. On most days white plumes rose 200-600 m above the crater; on 28 August it rose to 4.3 km (14,100 ft) above the crater. Ash plumes rose 4.1-4.6 km (13,500-15,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 10-15 km NE, E, SE, W, S, and SW. Ashfall was reported in the villages of Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché (8 km SW), Panimaché II, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Hagia Sophia, Santa Sofia, Yepocapa, Alotenango, Antigua, and San Miguel Dueñas. On most days rumbling was heard that rattled structures near the volcano. On 30-31 August lava flowed towards Ceniza Canyon. Weak to moderate avalanches of blocks were channeled into the canyons Las Lajas (SE), Ceniza (SSW), Taniluyá (SW), Santa Teresa, and Honda.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

20 August-26 August 2014 Cite this Report

During 20-26 August, INSIVUMEH reported that weak to moderate explosions at Fuego expelled blocks up to 800 m above the rim. On most days white plumes rose 200-600 m above the crater and drifted SW and W and on 25 August the white plume rose to 4.2 km (13,800 ft) above the crater. Ash plumes rose 4.1-4.6 km (13,500-15,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 10-15 km NE, W, S and SW. Ashfall was reported in villages Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché (8 km SW), Panimaché II, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and Hagia Sophia. On most days rumbling was heard around the volcano and rattled structures near the volcano on 24 August. On 21 and 25 August were jet engine like sounds lasting 1-4 minutes. Weak to moderate avalanches of blocks were channeled into the canyons Las Lajas (SE), Trinidad (S), Ceniza (SSW), Taniluyá (SW), Santa Teresa and Honda.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

13 August-19 August 2014 Cite this Report

During 13-19 August, INSIVUMEH reported weak to moderate explosions at Fuego with incandescent blocks being expelled 500-800 m above the crater, activity accompanied on 14 and 16 August by white plumes that rose 200-300 m above the crater and drifted W. On 13 and 15 August INSIVUMEH reported rumbling from shock waves that rattled structures up to 8 km from the volcano in the villages of Panimaché I and II, Morelia, and others in this area, and on 17 August jet engine like sounds lasting 1-4 minutes. On most days incandescent blocks were expelled 50-400 m above the crater, and weak to moderate avalanches of blocks were channeled into the Las Lajas (SE), Trinidad (S), Ceniza (SSW), Taniluyá (SW), Santa Teresa and Barranca Honda canyons. Ash plumes rose 4.2-4.5 km (13,800-14,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 8-15 km W and SW. Ashfall was reported in Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché (8 km SW), Panimaché II, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Yepocapa (8 km WNW), and Hagia Sophia. On 18 August the Washington VAAC reported several discrete ash emissions based on satellite and wind data.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

6 August-12 August 2014 Cite this Report

During 6-12 August, INSIVUMEH reported weak to moderate explosions at Fuego with incandescent blocks being expelled 500-800 m above the crater accompanied by ash that rose 300-400 m above the crater and drifted W and produced rumbling from shock waves that rattled structures up to 8 km from the volcano. On most days, incandescent blocks were expelled 100-200 m above the crater and weak to moderate avalanches of blocks were channeled into the canyons Las Lajas (SE), Trinidad (S), Ceniza (SSW), Taniluyá (SW) and Barranca Honda. Dark gray to white plumes rose 4.0-4.6 km (13,100-15,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 8-15 km W and SW. Ashfall was reported in villages of Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché (8 km SW), Panimaché II, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Yepocapa (8 km WNW), Hagia Sophia, and around the Observatory. On 6-8 August Washington VAAC reported ongoing emissions and on 7 August an ash plume rose to 4.5 km (15000 ft) a.s.l.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

30 July-5 August 2014 Cite this Report

During 30 July-5 August, INSIVUMEH reported weak to moderate explosions at Fuego with incandescent blocks expelled 100-200 m above the crater accompanied by minor gray ash 300-400 m above the crater that drifted S. Shock waves from those explosions produced rumbling that rattled structures up to 4 km from the volcano. On most days, weak to moderate avalanches of blocks moved down the flanks towards Taniluya, Ceniza and Santa Teresa canyons. Gray to white plumes rose 4.2-4.6 km (13,800-15,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 9-12 km W and SW. Ashfall was reported in villages of Yepocapa, Finca La Conchita, Sangre de Cristo, Morelia and Panimaché.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

23 July-29 July 2014 Cite this Report

During 23-29 July INSIVUMEH reported moderate to strong explosions at Fuego, with incandescent blocks being expelled 100-200 m above the crater accompanied by moderate to dark gray ash 400-600 m above the crater that drifted NW, W, and SW. On most days avalanches moved down the flanks. Columns, described as containing ash on 24 and 28 July, rose 4-4.6 km (13,100-15,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 8-12 km NE, NW, W, and SW. A weak white fumarolic plume rose above Fuego’s summit crater on 27-28 July. During 26-27 July, rumbling was heard up to 15 km away. Ashfall was reported most days in nearby areas, including the Santa Teresa, Taniluya, Ceniza, and Trinidad drainages, and at the Observatory, Morelia, Hagia Sophia, Ingenio los Tarros, Panimaché, Santa Sofia, Yepocapa, and Finca La Conchita.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

16 July-22 July 2014 Cite this Report

During 16-22 July, INSIVUMEH reported moderate to strong explosions at Fuego with incandescent blocks being expelled 200-500 m above the crater. On July 22 the explosions also ejected gray ash. Most days weak avalanches moved down the flanks. Light gray eruption columns reported on 16 July rose 4-4.5 km (13,100-14,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 7-10 km W, SW, WSW, E, and NE. Weak white fumarolic plume rose 200-300 m above Fuego’s summit crater. A special bulletin on 18 July noted an increased number of explosions and a change in the eruptive pattern. Rumbling and jetting sounds often accompanied moderate to strong explosions that produced shock waves 12-15 km away and rattled structures in Panimache and Morelia on the flanks.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

9 July-15 July 2014 Cite this Report

During 30 June-14 July, INSIVUMEH frequently reported a white fumarolic plume rising from Fuego’s summit extending up to 4,000 m (13,123 ft) a.s.l.. Weak-to-moderate explosions generated ash plumes to similar heights during 30 June and 1, 4, 6, 7, and 9-13 July. Rumbling and jetting sounds often accompanied these explosions, often with durations of 1-5 minutes. Pulses of incandescence reached 50-100 m above the rim on 30 June, and 6, 7, and 12 July. Remobilized ash reduced visibility on 4, 9, and 10 July. Surges of lava and incandescent avalanches traveled from the summit down the flanks on 1 July (~150 m into the Trinidad drainage), 6 July (100 m into Taniluya and 200 m into the Ceniza), 11 July (~100 m into Taniluya), 12 July (Santa Teresa, Taniluya, Ceniza, Trinidad, Las Lajas, and Honda), and 13 July (~400 m into the Ceniza).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

25 June-1 July 2014 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 25-29 June weak to moderate explosions generated ash plumes that rose 500-800 m above the crater and drifted 10-12 km W, NW, and SE. Incandescent material that was ejected 100-200 m above the crater landed on the flank and formed avalanches. A lava flow from the crater moving SW towards the Tanilaya drainage generated avalanches into the Ceniza drainage (SSW). On 26 June explosions generated moderate and strong acoustic waves that sounded like a quiet jet engine for a period of 1-2 minutes.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

18 June-24 June 2014 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that, during 18-24 June, 7-23 explosions occurred per day at Fuego, generating weak-to-moderate ash plumes to 3,900-4,400 m (12,800-14,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifting with prevailing winds. The explosions during 17-18, 22, and 24 June were accompanied by rumbling sounds, some resembling jet engines that persisted for 1-5 minutes. Small avalanches occurred within the crater and local drainages due to explosion shockwaves on 19 June.

Fine ashfall from explosions on 18-19 June was reported in towns within 15 km of the summit, mainly El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Los Yucales (12 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (10 km SW), and Panimaché (I and II, ~8 km SW). Additionally, ashfall was reported in Sangre de Cristo on 18 June. During 20, 22, and 24 June, incandescence from the summit reached 100-150 m above the crater rim and formed weak avalanches in the immediate summit area. Fumarolic activity continued during 18-24 June, generating white plumes rising to less than 4,200 m (13,800 ft) a.s.l.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

11 June-17 June 2014 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that explosive activity from Fuego continued in mid-June. Explosions during 12-14 June sent ash plumes as high as 4,600 m (15,000 ft) a.s.l. that drifted 9-11 km S and W. Small avalanches also continued.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

4 June-10 June 2014 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 5 June lahars descended Fuego's Honda (E), El Jute (SE), Ceniza (SSW), and Santa Teresa (S) drainages, carrying blocks as large as 1.5 m in diameter. Explosions during 5-6 June generated ash plumes that rose 250-350 m and drifted 8-10 km W and NW. Explosions during 8-10 June generated ash plumes that rose 350-750 m and drifted 8-10 km N. Incandescent material ejected 100 m above the crater landed on the flank and formed avalanches. On 9 June lahars in the El Jute and Las Lajas drainages carried blocks up to 1.5 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

28 May-3 June 2014 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 31 May-1 June explosions at Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 350-550 m above the crater and drifted 8 km WNW. During the afternoon and evening of 1 June lahars descended the Las Lajas (SE) and Honda (E) drainages, as well as the Seca (W) drainage which disrupted traffic. Other sections of roadway to the W and S were also affected. Heavy rain continued on 2 June; lahars descended the Las Lajas and El Jute (SE) drainages, carrying blocks as large as 1.5 m in diameter. Explosions during 2-3 June generated ash plumes that rose 550-650 m and drifted 8 km S and SW. Incandescence rose above the crater and avalanches descended the Taniluyá (SW), Trinidad (S), and Ceniza (SSW) drainages.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

23 April-29 April 2014 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH noted in a special report from 25 April that explosions at Fuego were occurring at a rate of 5-6 per hour, generating ash plumes that rose 350-650 m above the crater and drifting 10 km S and SW. Ashfall was reported in Panimaché, Morelia, and Santa Sofía; shock waves vibrated houses in those three towns among others. Avalanches of incandescent blocks reached vegetated areas. Explosions during 26-28 April produced ash plumes that rose 350-800 m and drifted 10 km W. Villagers in Panimaché, Morelia, and Santa Sofía again reported vibrating houses and ashfall. Block avalanches originated from the crater and descended the flanks. During 28-29 April explosions were detected at a rate of 6-8 per hour. Ash plumes rose 750 m and drifted 10 km W and NW. Explosions caused houses on the SW flank to vibrate.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

16 April-22 April 2014 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH noted in special reports that during 20-22 April explosions from Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 750 m above the crater and drifted 10-12 km NW, W, SW, and S. Ashfall was reported in villages downwind, including Panimaché (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and Santa Sofía (12 km SW). Explosions were audible up to 30 km away, and shock waves detected more than 15 km away vibrated houses in Panimaché, Morelia, Santa Sofía, and other areas. Avalanches of blocks reached vegetated areas.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

9 April-15 April 2014 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 9-10 April seismic activity at Fuego increased, along with the number and magnitude of explosions. Ash plumes rose 850 m above the crater and drifted 10 km W and SW. Explosions were heard in areas up to 15 km away and shock waves were detected 8 km away. At night incandescent blocks in the Santa Teresa (S), Ceniza (SSW), and Trinidad (S) drainages were noted. During 10-11 April explosions produced ash plumes that rose 500-800 m and drifted 8-10 km W and SW, and caused structures to vibrate in local towns. In a special report from 11 April INSIVUMEH noted that activity had increased. Ash plumes rose as high as 1.1 km and drifted 12 km W. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind, including Panimaché (8 km SW) and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). Avalanches descended the Trinity drainage. Activity continued during 13-14 April though cloud cover prevented visual observations; explosions generated shock waves, and sounds resembling avalanches on the S and SW flanks were reported. During 14-15 April explosions produced ash plumes that rose 760 m and drifted 10 km W and SW. Shock waves were detected in areas within 10 km and explosions were heard within 15 km. At night incandescent blocks in the Santa Teresa (S), Ceniza (SSW), and Trinidad (S) drainages were again noted.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

19 March-25 March 2014 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 20-21 March explosions at Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 500-800 m above the crater and drifted 9-10 km W. Incandescent material was ejected 200 m high. Later on 21 March seismicity increased. The number of explosions also increased to 7-9 moderate to strong explosions per hour. Ash plumes rose 750-950 m and drifted 15 km WSW. Shock waves vibrated structures in areas 8 km away, including Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Panimaché (8 km SW), and Morelia (9 km SW). During 22-23 March explosions generated ash plumes that rose 500-800 m and drifted 10-12 km S and SW. Incandescent material was ejected 200 m high. Ashfall was reported in Santa Sofía, Panimaché, Panimaché II (8 km SW), and Morelia. On 25 March INSIVUMEH noted that activity remained high; 8-14 explosions per hour generated ash plumes that rose 850-1,050 m and drifted 12 km W and SW. Ashfall was reported in Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW) and surrounding areas. Explosions again vibrated structures in Santa Sofía, Panimaché, Panimaché II, and Morelia.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

12 February-18 February 2014 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 13-14 February explosions at Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 500-1,000 m above the crater and drifted 8-10 km N and NE. Incandescent material was ejected 200 m high, and avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Trinidad, Las Lajas (SE), and Honda drainages. On 16 February explosions produced ash plumes that rose 500-700 m above the crater and drifted 10 km SW, S, and SE. Shock waves were detected 20-25 km away in Escuintla (20 km SSE), Santa Lucia Cotzulmaguapa (20 km SW), Yepocapa (8 km WNW), Alotengando (8 km W), and Antigua Guatemala (18 km NE). Explosions continued during 16-17 February; ash plumes rose 300-1,100 m above the crater and drifted 15-17 km. Incandescent material was ejected 100-200 m high, and avalanches descended the Taniluyá (SW), Ceniza, Trinidad, and Santa Teresa (S) drainages, reaching vegetated areas.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

15 January-21 January 2014 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 16-18 January explosions at Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 450-550 m above the crater. A lava flow in the Trinidad (S) drainage was 400 m long and generated avalanches. Other avalanches from the crater descended the Taniluya (SW), Ceniza (SSW), Trinidad, Las Lajas (SE), and Honda (E) drainages. Explosions during 19-20 January produced ash plumes that rose 500-800 m and drifted 10 km SE. Incandescent material was ejected 100-150 high and avalanches continued to descend multiple drainages.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

8 January-14 January 2014 Cite this Report

In a special report, INSIVUMEH reported that on 7 January seismicity at Fuego increased. Explosions generated shock waves that vibrated structures more than 15 km away, and rumbling noises were audible 30 km away. Ash plumes rose 4.2 km above the crater and drifted 10 km SW. Lava flowed 500 m down the SW flank and produced avalanches that reached vegetated areas. During 9-10 January Vulcanian explosions generated shock waves detected within 10 km, ejected pulses of incandescent material 100 m high, and produced ash plumes that rose 300 m and drifted 10 km NE. Avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Trinidad (S), and Taniluya (SW) drainages, and lava flows continued to descend the flanks. During 10-11 January explosions produced shock waves, and ash plumes that rose 650 m and drifted S, SW, and W. Crater incandescence was observed at night. During 12-13 January explosions caused shock waves that vibrated structures in Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Ceilán, La Rochela, and San Andrés Osuna. Ash plumes rose 350-650 m and drifted 10 km SW and W. Incandescent material was ejected 200 m above the crater and avalanches descended the Taniluya, Ceniza, Trinidad, Las Lajas (SE), and Honda (E) drainages. A 200-m-long lava flow traveled down the Trinidad drainage. Seismicity remained high on 13 January. Ashfall was reported in Panimaché, Morelia, and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). A 500-m-long lava flow remained active in the Ceniza drainage. On 14 January explosions generated shock waves audible 8 km away, ejected incandescent material 150 m high, and produced ash plumes that rose 300-800 m and drifted 8 km W and SW. Avalanches again descended multiple flanks. Ash fell in Santa Sofía, Panimaché, Morelia, and Sangre de Cristo.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

1 January-7 January 2014 Cite this Report

Based on analyses of satellite images, the Washington VAAC reported that on 30 December 2013 an ash plume from Fuego drifted almost 30 km NW. INSIVUMEH reported that during 2-3 and 5-7 January 2014 explosions generated shock waves, ejected incandescent material as high as 250 m, and produced ash plumes that rose 300-700 m and drifted 7-12 km W and SW. Ashfall was reported in Panimache (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and Sofía I and II (12 km SW). Avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW), Trinidad (S), Taniluya (SW), Las Lajas (SE), and Honda drainages.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

11 December-17 December 2013 Cite this Report

In a special report INSIVUMEH noted that activity at Fuego had increased on 15 December. Lava flows were 500 m long in the Ceniza drainage (SSW), and their emission rate rate had increased. Blocks from lava-flow fronts reached vegetated areas. Six to eight explosions per hour produced ash plumes that rose 550 m and drifted 8 km. The explosions generated shock waves and rattled buildings in nearby villages. The next day lava flows were 600 m long in the Ceniza drainage. Explosions generated ash plumes that rose 450 m and drifted W and SW.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

20 November-26 November 2013 Cite this Report

On 21 November INSIVUMEH reported that a recent Strombolian phase at Fuego decreased in intensity. Explosions generated ash plumes that rose 450 m and drifted W and SW. Ashfall was reported in Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). During 21-22 November explosions produced ash plumes that rose 450 m and drifted 7 km WNW, as well as loud rumbling sounds heard within 15 km. Lava flows were 300 m long in the Ceniza drainage (SSW). During 25-26 November ash plume from explosions rose 550 m and drifted 10 km W and SW.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

13 November-19 November 2013 Cite this Report

On 18 November INSIVUMEH reported that during the previous week explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 450-750 m and drifted W and SW. Some of the explosions generated rumbling noises, shock waves detected within 15 km, and rattled structures in Panimaché (8 km SW), Panimaché II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). A 600-m-long lava flow was active on the SE flank, and block avalanches that descended the Ceniza drainage (SSW) reached vegetated areas. Ashfall was reported in Panimaché, Morelia, and Sangre de Cristo.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

30 October-5 November 2013 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 4 November, there was an increase in moderate and strong explosions generating plumes of ash up to 4,500 m a.s.l. The plume extended 10 km and drifted S and SW. Rumbling sounds were strong enough to shake zinc roofs and windows in the towns of Panimaché, Morelia, and Panimaché II. Weak degassing sounds were continuous and resembled the sound of a locomotive train. Pulses of incandescent ejections reached 125-200 m above the summit and caused weak-to-moderate avalanches within the crater. A lava flow that moved into the Trinidad drainage extended 100 m and also generated avalanches. Within the Ceniza drainage, incandescent avalanches traveled ~500 m. CONRED reiterated that the Alert Level remained at Yellow.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

11 September-17 September 2013 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 10-11 September explosions from Fuego generated ash plumes that drifted W and NW. Ejected material formed avalanches within the crater. On 10 September lahars that descended the Taniluya (SW) drainage were 15-20 m wide, 1-2 m deep, and carried tree trunks. The lahars blocked roads in Panimache I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and Santa Sofía (12 km SW) for two hours. The next day lahars descended the Las Lajas and El Jute drainages (SE); they were 30 m wide, 4 m deep, and carried 2-m-diameter blocks, branches, and tree trunks.

Explosions during 11-12 September produced rumbling sounds and ash plumes that rose 500 m. Incandescent material was ejected 100 m and formed avalanches on the crater rim. A 150-m-long lava flow was active in Ceniza (SSW) drainage. During 12-13 September ash plumes from explosions rose 200-400 m and drifted W and NE. Avalanches from ejected material again formed around the crater. Explosions during 14-15 September generated ash plumes that rose 850 m and drifted 10-12 km W and SW. The explosions produced shock waves that rattled structures in villages within10 km of Fuego. Block avalanches descended Ceniza drainage. During 15-16 September explosions generated ash plumes that rose 550 m and drifted SW, and ejected incandescent material 75-100 m high. Ash fell at the observatory.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

4 September-10 September 2013 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 4-6 September explosions from Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 800-850 m and drifted 10-12 km W and SW. Block avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW) drainage. During 5-6 September explosions produced shock waves that rattled structures in villages 10 km away.

On 6 September the number and magnitude of explosions increased; rumbling and shock waves were reported 12 km away. Ash plumes rose 750 m and drifted 10 km W and SW. During 7-10 September explosions generated ash plumes that rose 250-400 m; plumes drifted 7 km W and NW on 7 September. Incandescent material was ejected 100 m high and then formed small avalanches. On 9 September heavy rain was followed by lahars in the Las Lajas and El Jute drainages which carried blocks 2 m in diameter. During 9-10 September ash plumes drifted 6 km E and SE.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

28 August-3 September 2013 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 28-31 August explosions from Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 450-550 m and drifted 8-10 km W and NW. During 28-29 August incandescent material was ejected 150 m high, and white plumes rose 350 m and drifted NW. During 30-31 August rumbling was heard 15 km away. Lava flows 200 m long were active in the Trinidad drainage on the S flank and produced avalanches. In a special bulletin on 2 September, INSIVUMEH reported that a series of pyroclastic flows descended the Ceniza (SSW) drainage, reaching the base of the volcano. Ash plumes rose 3 km and drifted E, S, W, and NW. During the night lava from the crater flowed 300-400 m down the Ceniza drainage. Explosions were heard, but cloud cover prevented observations through the morning of 3 September.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

21 August-27 August 2013 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 22 and 24-25 August explosions from Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 300-500 m and drifted W and NW. Degassing and rumbling sounds were also reported. Active lava flows were 300 and 500 m long in the Taniluyá (SW) and Ceniza (SSW) drainages, respectively. On 23 August lava extrusion increased. Ash plumes rose about 1 km and drifted 12 km W. Fourteen explosions during 26-27 August produced ash plumes that rose 200-500 m and drifted 8 km. Incandescent material was ejected 150 m high, and avalanches from the crater descended the flanks.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

14 August-20 August 2013 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego during 13-14 August generated ash plumes that drifted 10 km W and SW. Three lava flows were active; one of the flows traveled SW. Five explosions during 14-15 August ejected incandescent material 100 m high, and generated ash plumes that rose 300 m and drifted 6 km. Lava flows were 150 and 300 m long in the Taniluya (SW) and Ceniza (SSW) drainages, respectively. The next day explosions produced ash plumes that rose 550 m and drifted 10 km W. On 17 August 30-m-wide lahars carrying blocks traveled down the Las Lajas, Ceniza, and El Jute (SE) drainages. During 17-18 August explosions that were heard generated ash plumes that rose 200-300 m and drifted 7 km W. Lava flows in the Taniluya and Ceniza drainages were each 400 m long.

During 18-19 August the flow rate increased; the lava flows were 600 and 800 m long in the Taniluya and Ceniza drainages, respectively. Incandescent blocks from the lava-flow fronts rolled down the flanks and reached vegetated areas. Explosions during 19-20 August ejected incandescent material as high as 150 m, and generated ash plumes that rose 400 m.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

3 July-9 July 2013 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego during 3-9 July generated ash plumes that rose 100-750 m above the crater and drifted 4-10 km W and NW on most days. During 4-5 and 8-9 July shock waves vibrated structures in areas including Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Panimaché (8 km SW), and Morelia (9 km SW). On 5 July lahars descended the Las Lajas and El Jute drainages (SE), carrying blocks up to 50 cm in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

26 June-2 July 2013 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego on 26 June generated shock waves and ash plumes that rose 400 m and drifted SW. On 27 June explosions produced ash plumes that rose 550 m and drifted 10 km. Shock waves vibrated structures in areas including Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Panimaché (8 km SW), and Morelia (9 km SW). Lahars descended the Las Lajas and El Jute drainages (SE), carrying blocks up to 1.5 m in diameter as well as tree trucks and branches.

On 28 June Vulcanian explosions produced shockwaves felt by local populations within 15 km. Explosions also generated ash plumes that rose 100-200 m and drifted W, and ejected incandescent tephra 150 m above the crater. Ashfall was reported in Panimaché, Morelia, and Sangre de Cristo. A lava flow was active on the flank. During 29 June-2 July explosions generated ash plumes that rose 500-600 m and mostly drifted W and NW.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

5 June-11 June 2013 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 5-8 June explosions at Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 200-500 m and drifted 4-6 km W and NW. The explosions produced weak rumbling, ejected incandescent material 100 m above the crater, and generated avalanches. On 8 June lahars descended the Las Lajas and El Jute drainages (SE), and the Ceniza drainage (SSW). During 9-11 June explosions produced ash plumes that rose 500-1,200 m and drifted 8-12 km W and NW. The explosions again produced rumbling, ejected incandescent material 150-300 m above the crater, and generated avalanches. Shock waves vibrated local structures during 8-9 June.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

29 May-4 June 2013 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that rumbling and sounds resembling jet engines were heard from Fuego during 28-30 May; cloud cover often inhibited visual observations of the crater. On 29 May a lahar carrying blocks up to 50 cm in diameter traveled SE down the Las Lajas and El Jute drainages. On 30 May a plume was observed rising 200 m above the crater and drifting S. During 1-2 and 4 June explosions generated ash plumes that rose at most 800 m and drifted 5-8 km W and NW. Incandescent material was ejected 100 m above the crater and generated avalanches. On 2 June heavy rain caused lahars that traveled down the Ceniza drainage, carrying trees, logs, and blocks. On 3 June diffuse white plumes rose 200 m.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

15 May-21 May 2013 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 16-17 May white plumes rose 300 m from Fuego’s crater and drifted W and SW. Explosions during 17 and 19-21 May generated ash plumes that rose 350-650 m and drifted 6 km W and SW. On 19 and 21 May explosions ejected incandescent material 100 m above the crater.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

24 April-30 April 2013 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 23-26 April explosions from Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 250-600 m above the crater and drifted at most 10 km W, SW, S, and SE. Incandescent material was ejected 100-200 m above the crater. In a special bulletin on 25 April INSIVUMEH noted that the energy of the explosions had increased, producing rumblings and shock waves that vibrated structures in Panimaché, Morelia, and Sangre de Cristo, as far as 10 km S and SW. A 300-m-long lava flow was active on the S flank in the Trinidad drainage. On 26 April a lava flow in the Taniluya drainage (SW) traveled as far as 400 m. On 28 April activity again increased and 700-m-long lava flows were active in the Taniluya and Ceniza drainages. Incandescent block avalanches reached vegetated areas. Cloud cover prevented observations of the crater. On 29 April explosions generated ash plumes that rose 550 m above the crater and drifted 10 km SSW. Lava flows remained active.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

27 March-2 April 2013 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 27 March-2 April explosions from Fuego generated rumbling noises, occasional shock waves, and ash plumes that rose 0.6-1.3 km above the crater and drifted 8-15 km W, SW, and S. Incandescent material was ejected 100-200 m above the crater. Ashfall was reported in Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and Hagia Sophia. Block avalanches descended the flanks and during 1-2 April reached vegetated areas.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

20 March-26 March 2013 Cite this Report

In a special notice on 20 March, INSIVUMEH reported that lava fountains rising 300-400 m above Fuego's crater during the night had decreased along with seismicity and rumbling noises. A lava flow was 1.5 km long in the Ceniza drainage (SSW), and ash plumes drifted SE and S. Explosions during 20-21 and 25-26 March generated ash plumes that rose 0.6-1.2 km and drifted SE, S, and W. Incandescent material was ejected from the crater. Lava flows remained active in the Ceniza drainage and traveled 600 m SW down the Taniluya drainage. Explosions produced ash plumes that rose 400-800 m above the crater and drifted E and W during 21-22 March, rose 300-500 m and drifted 5 km W and NW during 23-24 March, and rose 450 m and drifted W and NW during 24-26 March, which caused ashfall in Panimache I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and Hagia Sophia.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

13 March-19 March 2013 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 13-18 March explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose as high as 4.5 km above the crater, and drifted SW, W, NW, and NE, as far as 12 km. Explosions sometimes ejected incandescent material, generated rumbling noises, and produced shock waves. During 13-14 March ash fell in Panimache I and II (8 km SW) and shock waves vibrated structures. Ash again fell in the Panimache villages as well as in Morelia (9 km SW) during 14-15 March. Avalanches traveled SSW down the Ceniza drainage during 16-19 March.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

6 March-12 March 2013 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 6-8 March rumbling noises from Fuego were reported and incandescent material was ejected 50-100 m above the crater. Avalanches traveled SSW down the Ceniza drainage during 6-7 March. Explosions during 8-11 March produced ash plumes that rose up to 450 m above the crater and drifted W, SW, S, SE, and E. During 11-12 March ash plumes drifted 10 km and produced ashfall in the Panimache villages (8 km SW) and Morelia (9 km SW). Lava flows were also observed.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

27 February-5 March 2013 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 28 February-1 March explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose less than 250 m and lava flows traveled 300 m S down the Trinidad drainage. Activity increased on 3 March characterized by Strombolian explosions, and lava flows that traveled 1.3 km down the Trinidad drainage and 200 m SW down the Taniluya drainage. Ash plumes rose almost 350 m above the crater and drifted 10 km S. The eruption ended the next day, after 52 hours of activity. White and blue fumarolic plumes rose from the crater. During 4-5 March incandescence 100 m above the crater was observed, and ash plumes rose 200 m and drifted E. Avalanches descended the Taniluya drainage.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

13 February-19 February 2013 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 14-15 February white plumes rose 150 m above Fuego's crater and drifted W and NW. The lava flow traveled 500 m SSW down the Ceniza drainage and produced avalanches. Activity increased on the night of 16 February and was characterized by explosions, pyroclastic flows, and lava flows. A pyroclastic flow traveled 3 km down the Ceniza drainage. Ash plumes drifted 20 km W and SW, and produced ashfall in Panimache I and Panimache II (8 KM SW), Morelia (9 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and Yepocapa (8 km WNW). On 17 February collapses from the lava-flow fronts and pyroclastic flows were observed. Ash plumes rose 3 km and drifted 10 km W and SW. Seismicity decreased. According to the Washington VAAC ash plumes detected in satellite imagery drifted 19 km W, 10 km SW, and 5 km S. INSIVUMEH noted that lava effusion continued and ash fell on the flanks. On 18 February an explosion generated an ash plume that rose 2 km above the crater and drifted 10 km NE. Two other explosions produced ash plumes that rose 500-800 m. Avalanches traveled S and W.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

2 January-8 January 2013 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 3-8 January explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose less than 350 m and drifted W and SW. Lava flows traveled 300-900 m SW down the Taniluya drainage. During 7-8 January explosions produced plumes that drifted 5 km SW. Incandescence emanated 100 m above the crater.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

12 December-18 December 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 12-14 December explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose about 140-190 m and drifted SW. Incandescent lava flows traveled 150-200 m down the flanks. During 15-16 December lava flows traveled 200 m SW down the Taniluya drainage, producing incandescent block avalanches from the lava-flow fronts. Explosions during 17-18 December produced ash plumes that rose 400 m and drifted 7 km W and SW. Incandescence emanated 150 m above the crater. Blocks from lava-flow fronts in the Taniluya drainage rolled down the flanks, reaching vegetated areas.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

7 November-13 November 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 8-9 and 11-12 November explosions from Fuego ejected incandescent material 100-200 m above the lava dome, and produced ash plumes that rose 200-430 m and drifted W and SW. Avalanches were generated near the crater. During 8-9 and 11-13 November lava flows traveled 200-500 m SSW down the Ceniza drainage, producing incandescent block avalanches that reached vegetated areas.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

31 October-6 November 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 1-2 November white fumarolic plumes from Fuego rose 100 m and drifted SW. Explosions ejected incandescent material 100 m above the lava dome, and produced ash plumes that rose almost 500 m and drifted 10 km SW. A lava flow traveled 350 m SSW down the Ceniza drainage. On 3 November heavy rain caused lahars that traveled down the Ceniza drainage, carrying tree branches and 2-m-wide blocks. During 3-6 November explosions generate ash plumes that rose 150-450 m and drifted W and NW. Incandescent material was ejected 100 m above the crater and generated avalanches near the crater. A lava flow traveled 600-800 m down the Ceniza drainage, producing incandescent block avalanches that reached vegetated areas.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

17 October-23 October 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 17-19 and 21-23 October white fumarolic plumes from Fuego drifted S and SW. Explosions produced ash plumes that rose 240-640 m above the lava dome and drifted 7 km SW, W, and NW. A lava flow traveled 400-800 m down the Ceniza drainage, producing incandescent block avalanches that reached vegetated areas.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

10 October-16 October 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 10-11 October lava flows traveled 200 m down the Ceniza drainage, on Fuego's SSW flank, producing incandescent block avalanches from the flow front and steam-and-tephra plumes. On 12 October a lava flow on the S flank traveled 800 m. Explosions produced ash plumes that rose 500 m and drifted 10 km S. During 14-16 October explosions produced ash plumes that rose 400 m and drifted W and SW. A lava flow traveled 800 m down the Ceniza drainage, producing incandescent block avalanches that reached vegetated areas.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

3 October-9 October 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 3 October a hot lahar descended Fuego's Ceniza drainage (SSW), carrying logs, branches, and blocks. During 4-5 October explosions ejected incandescent tephra 75-150 m above the crater, producing ash plumes that rose 600-900 m and drifted 10 km N and NW. Explosions generated shock waves and vibrated houses in local communities. Avalanches descended the Ceniza and Taniluyá drainages (SSW).

On 7 October the seismic network detected increased activity characterized by tremor, low-frequency earthquakes, and a period of constant explosions. Rumbling was heard and shock waves were detected. Ashfall was reported in Panimache I and II (8 KM SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and Santa Sofia (12 km SW). Incandescent block avalanches originating from the crater descended the flanks. During 7-8 October explosions ejected incandescent tephra 75-150 m above the crater, and generated ash plumes that drifted 10 km S and SW. On 8 October a lava flow traveled 100 m down the Ceniza drainage, producing incandescent block avalanches from the flow front. Avalanches descended the Taniluyá drainage. Ashfall was reported in Panimache I and II, Morelia, and Asunción.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

26 September-2 October 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 26-27 September explosions from Fuego ejected incandescent tephra 75-150 m above the crater, and produced ash plumes that rose 500-800 m and drifted 7 km N and NW. A hot lahar descended the Ceniza drainage (SSW), carrying logs, branches, and blocks over 1.5 m in diameter. During 29 September-2 October explosions ejected incandescent tephra 200 m above the crater and produced ash plumes that rose 500-1,100 m. Shock waves were detected in areas 12-15 km away. Incandescent avalanches traveled 700 m down the flanks; during 1-2 October avalanches traveled S down the Santa Teresa drainage. Ashfall was reported at the observatory, and in Morelia (8 km SW) and Santa Sofia (12 km SE).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

19 September-25 September 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 19-21 September explosions from Fuego ejected incandescent material 100 m above the crater and produced ash plumes that rose 500-1,000 m. Incandescent avalanches traveled 600 m down the flanks. Ashfall was reported at the observatory, and in Morelia (8 km SW) and Santa Sofia (12 km SE). During 22-25 September explosions generated ash plumes that rose 300-800 m above the crater and drifted 6-10 km NE, N, and NW. Incandescent material was ejected 75-150 m above the crater, and avalanches descended the Ceniza and Taniluyá drainages (SSW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

12 September-18 September 2012 Cite this Report

In a special bulletin on 13 September, INSIVUMEH reported that activity at Fuego increased, starting the sixth eruption in 2012. Lava flows traveled 600 m down the Taniluyá drainage (SSW) and the Las Lajas drainage (SE), producing block avalanches that reached vegetated areas. Strombolian explosions generated ash plumes that rose 3 km above the crater and drifted SW and 12 km W. Ash fell in multiple areas, including the villages of Panimaché (8 km SW), Morelia (8 km SW), Santa Sofia (12 km SE), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Palo Verde, San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW), Santiago Atitlan (42 km NW), San Lucas Toliman (32 km NW), Mazatenango (68 km W), Suchitepéquez, Retalhuleu (86 km W), and Santa Lucia Cotzumalguapa (23 km SW). Explosions produced degassing sounds and rumbling noises, accompanied by shock waves that vibrated structures on the SW flank. Pyroclastic flows traveled down the Las Lajas and Ceniza (SSW) drainages, producing ash plumes. CONRED increased the Alert Level to Orange (third highest on a four-color scale). About 10,600 people evacuated from nearby communities including Yepocapa, San Juan Alotenango (9 km ENE), Sacatepéquez. Evacuation shelters were set up in Santa Lucia Cotzumalguapa.

Later that day seismicity decreased, ash plumes rose 300 m above the crater and drifted W and NW, fewer pyroclastic flows were observed, and the rate of explosions slowed. Ashfall was reported in Panimaché, Morelia, and Sangre de Cristo. Lava flows in the Ceniza drainage were 1 km long and 150 m wide, and in Las Lajas were 700 m long and 100 m wide. CONRED noted that residents began to return to their homes on 14 September.

During 14-18 September explosions generated rumbling noises; ash plumes that rose 400-900 m above the crater drifted 7-8 km W and SW, causing ashfall in Sangre de Cristo, Panimaché I, and Panimaché II. Lava flows were at most 1.2 km long in the Taniluyá drainage and 200 m long in the Ceniza drainage during 14-16 September; flows were not observed during 17-18 September.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

5 September-11 September 2012 Cite this Report

In a special bulletin on 4 September at 1700, INSIVUMEH reported that the eruption from Fuego that began 32 hours earlier had ended. During 6-11 September fumarolic plumes rose 100-150 m above the crater and drifted W and NW. Weak explosions generated ash plumes that rose 300-400 m above the crater and drifted W and NW. During 8-9 September incandescent tephra was ejected to a height of 100 m and caused avalanches in the Taniluyá and the Ceniza (SSW) drainages. A 10-20-m-wide lahar traveled SE down the Las Lajas drainage on 9 September, carrying tree trunks and blocks 1.5 m in diameter. During 10-11 September a lava flow traveled 100 m down the Taniluyá drainage.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

29 August-4 September 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 29-30 August lava flows from Fuego traveled 250 m down the Taniluyá drainage (SW), generating block avalanches that produced gray plumes and reached vegetated areas.

Seismicity increased on 3 September. During 3-4 September constant Strombolian explosions generated ash plumes that rose 900 m above the crater and drifted 8 km S and SW. The eruption was heard in areas 10 km away and vibrated structures in Panimaché (8 km SW), Morelia (8 km SW), and Santa Sofia (12 km SE). Lava was ejected 100 m high and spilled over the crater rim. Lava flows traveled 3 km down the Taniluyá and the Ceniza (SSW) drainages, producing block avalanches that again reached vegetated areas. A third lava flow descended the Las Lajas drainage (SE). Pyroclastic flows traveled SE. Ash plumes drifted 10-12 km S and SW, and produced ashfall in Panimaché, Morelia, Santa Lucía, Cotzumalguapa, Tierra Linda, and Popoya.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

22 August-28 August 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 22 August the seismic network at Fuego detected lahars that traveled SE down the Las Lajas and El Jute drainages. During 22-27 August lava flows traveled 150-300 m down the Taniluyá drainage (SW) and as far as 400 m down the Ceniza drainage (SSW), generating incandescent block avalanches that reached vegetated areas. Incandescent material was ejected 100 m above the crater. White plumes rose to low heights and drifted SW, W, and NW.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

15 August-21 August 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 15-16 and 18-21 August lava flows from Fuego traveled 250-500 m down the Taniluyá drainage (SW), generating block avalanches that reached vegetated areas. On 17 August 20-m-wide lahars traveled SE down the Las Lajas and El Júte drainages, carrying blocks 1.5 m in diameter. Steam rose from the deposits in Las Lajas. Explosions were heard during 18-29 August but weather conditions prevented observations. Explosions during 19-21 August produced ash plumes that rose 100-300 m above the crater and drifted N, NW, W, and SW. Incandescent material was ejected 40-100 m above the crater at night. In a special report issued on 21 August, INSIVUMEH stated that seismicity had increased, along with degassing and rumbling sounds. Incandescent material was ejected 150 m above the crater, and lava flows traveled 500 m down the El Júte and Taniluyá drainages, generating block avalanches that reached vegetated areas.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

8 August-14 August 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 9-10 and 13-14 August explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 300-400 m above the crater and drifted NW and W. Degassing sounds were reported, and diffuse white plumes rose 100-150 m and drifted NE and NW. Lava flows traveled 200-250 m down the Taniluyá drainage (SW), generating block avalanches that reached vegetated areas. On 10 August lahars 25 m wide traveled SE down the Las Lajas and El Júte drainages carrying blocks 1-2 m in diameter. Explosions during 13-14 August ejected incandescent tephra 100 m above the crater.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

1 August-7 August 2012 Cite this Report

In a special bulletin on 3 August, INSIVUMEH reported a new phase of activity at Fuego, characterized by increased seismicity and degassing sounds. Incandescent tephra was ejected 200 m high and a lava flow traveled 500 m down the SW flank into the Taniluya drainage. Pyroclastic flows likely descended the SE and SW flanks. During 4-7 August explosions produced ash plumes that rose 200-400 m above the crater and drifted NW and W. Lava flows traveled 250-300 m down the Taniluyá drainage. Detached blocks from the lava-flow front traveled down the flanks to the vegetated area. Blocks also traveled down the Ceniza drainage (SSW). At night during 5-6 August explosions ejected incandescent tephra 100 m above the crater.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

25 July-31 July 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 26-27 and 29-31 July explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 200-500 m above the crater and drifted NW, W, and SW. Fumarolic plumes drifted the same direction. Explosions ejected incandescent tephra 100 m above the crater. Lava flows traveled 300 m down the Taniluyá drainage (SW) and 150 m down the Ceniza drainage (SSW); detached blocks from both lava-flow fronts produced incandescent avalanches.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

18 July-24 July 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 20-24 July explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 200-400 m above the crater and drifted W and NW. Fumarolic plumes drifted the same direction. Glow radiated 100-150 m above the crater. Lava flows traveled 200-250 m down the Taniluyá (SW) drainage; detached blocks from the lava-flow fronts produced incandescent avalanches.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

11 July-17 July 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 10 July lahars traveled SE down Fuego's Las Lajas and El Jute drainages carrying blocks 1-1.5 m in diameter. The lahar in Las Lajas was hot and had a sulfur odor. During 10-12 July explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 150-800 m above the crater and drifted W. On 11 July ashfall was reported in Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW) and surrounding areas. Tephra avalanches descended the Ceniza (SSW) drainage. During 16-17 July explosions generated ash plumes that rose 200-600 m above the crater and drifted 10 km S and SW. Incandescence emanated from the crater and avalanches descended the Taniluyá (SW) and Ceniza (SSW) drainages.

In a special bulletin on 17 July, INSIVUMEH reported that seismic patterns indicated the beginning of a new phase of activity; avalanches on the S and SW flanks were constantly active, and a new lava flow emerged on the SW flank that traveled 200 m and produced blocks that rolled SW down the Taniluya drainage.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

4 July-10 July 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 4-6 July explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 400-800 m above the crater and drifted W. Rumbling sounds were reported and tephra avalanches descended the S flank. During 7-8 July rumbling and degassing sounds were reported. Although cloud cover mostly prevented observations, a weak plume was noted rising 200-300 m above the crater and drifting NE. Ash fell in Yepocapa (8 km WNW), and on the La Conchita and Monteclaro ranches. Small tephra avalanchas descended the Taniluyá (SW) and Ceniza (SSW) drainages. During 8-9 July a series of seven explosions produced ash plumes that rose 300-900 m above the crater and drifted 10 km W, again causing ashfall in Yepocapa, La Conchita, Monte llano, and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW). Explosions on 10 July produced ash plumes that rose 300-600 m above the crater and drifted W. Incandescence rose above the crater during 8-10 July.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

27 June-3 July 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 28-29 June activity at Fuego increased; explosions produced ash plumes that rose 500-600 m above the crater and drifted SW. Pulses of incandescence rose 200 m and tephra avalanches descended the Ceniza drainage (SSW). According to Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED) on 1 July, seismicity increased and rumbling sounds were audible in areas up to 10 km away. A lava flow 700 m long was active in the Taniluya drainage on the SW flank. In a 2 July report, INSIVUMEH noted that the lava flow on the SW flank was 1,700 m long. Ash plumes rose 500 m above the crater and drifted 10 km W. The seismic network recorded continuous tremor. During 2-3 July explosions produced ash plumes that rose 400 m above the crater and drifted W. A lava flow traveled 400 m down the Taniluya drainage, and blocks from the flows reached vegetated areas.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

20 June-26 June 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 21-22 June weather conditions often prevented views of Fuego, however incandescence was observed emanating 150 m above the crater and an explosion produced an ash plume that rose 400 m. A lava flow traveled 1.3 km SSW down the Ceniza drainage and started a fire in a wooded area. Almost constant degassing on 21 June was heard at the Observatorio del Volcán de Fuego (OVFGO) and detected by the seismic network. During 24-26 June explosions generated ash plumes that rose 200-500 m above the crater. Incandescence from the crater was observed and block avalanches descended the flanks.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

13 June-19 June 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 14-15 and 17-18 June explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 300-800 m above the crater and drifted WSW, E, and NE. Explosions generated rumbling sounds and shock waves detected in areas as far as 6 km away. Tephra avalanches descended the SW flank, into the Ceniza drainage, and lava flowed 200 m SW, into the Taniluya drainage. Pulses of incandescence rose 50-75 m above the crater. During 18-19 June lava flows advanced 50 m and block avalanches reached vegetated areas.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

6 June-12 June 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 6 June lahars descended Fuego's El Jute (SE), Las Lajas (SE), Ceniza (SSW), Santa Teresa (S), and Taniluyá (SW) drainages, and destroyed roads in Yepocapa (8 km WNW). During 6-7 June explosions produced ash plumes that rose 200-500 m above the crater and drifted N, and 12 km S and SW. Lava flows on the SE flank were about 800-900 m long in the Las Lajas drainage, 600 m long in the El Jute drainage, and 250 m long on the SW flank, and produced blocks that rolled and reached vegetated areas. The explosions were accompanied by rumbling sounds and shock waves that were detected in areas 10 km away, including Panimaché and Morelia (~8 km SW).

During 10-11 June an ash plume rose 1.5 km above the crater and drifted 15 km W and NW. Ashfall was reported in Panimaché I and II, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Yepocápa, and other villages nearby. Lava flows traveled 1.6 km down Taniluyá drainage, 1 km down the Ceniza drainage, and 1.5 km down Las Lajas. Pyroclastic flows descended Las Lajas. During 11-12 June explosions generated ash plumes that rose 300 m above the crater and drifted W. Lava flows traveled 300 m down the Taniluyá drainage. Incandescence rose 100 m.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

30 May-5 June 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 1 June hot lahars traveled SE down Fuego's Las Lajas and El Jute drainages carrying blocks 2 m in diameter. During 3-5 June explosions produced ash plumes that rose 500-1,000 m above the crater and drifted W and S. Pulses of incandescence from the crater was observed as well as avalanches on the W flank. Lava flows traveled 700 m down Taniluyá Canyon drainage and 1 km down Las Lajas. During 4-5 June seismicity increased and the lava flow in Las Lajas reached 1.2 km long. Explosions produced ash plumes that rose 600-800 m above the crater and drifted 7 km SW. Shock waves were detected up to 7 km away.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

23 May-29 May 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 22-23 May explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 700 m above the crater and drifted W and SW. Explosions produced shock waves and rumbling noises, and avalanches descended the SW flank towards the Ceniza drainage. Seismic data suggested that on 25 May lava was emitted in the crater, although lava flows were not observed the previous few days. Plumes rose 2 km above the crater and drifted SE, SW, and W. Ashfall was reported in Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Yepocapa (8 km WNW), and in the department of Chimaltenango (21 km NNE). A pyroclastic flow traveled SW down the Las Lajas drainage. During 26-29 May explosions produced ash plumes that rose as high as 1 km above the crater and drifted N, NE, S, and SE. A lava flow traveled 200 m SW and avalanches from the lava-flow front traveled 300 m during 26-27 May. Pulses of incandescence 100 m high were observed during 28-29 May.

Sources: Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

16 May-22 May 2012 Cite this Report

On 19 May seismicity at Fuego increased and explosions were heard at 5-10 minute intervals. A 600-m-long lava flow descended the W flank, and a 1-km-long and 20-m-wide lava flow descended the E flank, reaching the base of the volcano. Explosions ejected incandescent tephra 400 m above the crater, and produced ash plumes that rose 5 km above the crater and drifted 30 km S and SW. Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED) raised the Alert Level to Orange (the second highest level on a 4-color scale). Pyroclastic flows also descended the flanks, prompting authorities to restrict passage on part of a highway. Ash plumes from the pyroclastic flows rose 3 km above the crater. Ashfall was reported in Morelia (7 km SW), Panimaché I and II (9 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and Yepocapa (8 km WNW). Thirteen people from El Porvenir in Alotenango (8 km ENE) evacuated to local shelters. Visual observations and seismicity indicated that activity decreased later that day.

On 20 May a few explosions generated ash plumes that rose 500 m above the crater and drifted 8 km SW. The next day cloud cover prevented observations; however explosions, rumbling, and degassing sounds were reported. On 22 May explosions generated ash plumes that rose as high as 1 km and drifted 10 km S and SE. Rumbling was heard and shock waves were detected. The lava flows were inactive and only incandescence from block avalanches was observed.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

4 April-10 April 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 9-10 April explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 100-900 m above the crater and drifted 10-15 km E and SE. Explosions produced shock waves detected within 8 km of the volcano. Avalanches descended the flanks.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

28 March-3 April 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 31 March-1 April and 3-4 April explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 500-800 m above the crater and drifted 10 km W and NW. During the night lava fountains rose 100-150 m above the crater and formed avalanches that traveled towards the Río Cenizas drainage. Based on analysis of satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that on 1 April an ash plume drifted 13 km WSW and a well-defined thermal anomaly was observed.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

29 February-6 March 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 1-2 March explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 600 m above the crater and drifted 15 km W and SW. Ashfall was reported in Yepocapa (W), Sangre de Cristo (W), and Panimache II (SW). Some explosions produced rumbling and degassing sounds. A 300-m-long lava flow descended the SW flank and produced block avalanches that reached vegetated areas. On 4 March the number of explosions increased to about 4-5 per hour. Explosions generated ash plumes that rose 600 m above the crater and drifted 12 km SSW. Rumbling sounds were heard 7 km away.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

1 February-7 February 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 1-3 and on 6 February explosions from Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 400-900 m above the crater; the plumes drifted about 12 km S and SW on 1 February and to the SSW during 2-3 February. On 1 February rumbling noises were heard, incandescence material rose as high as 100 m above the crater, and block avalanches descended the S flank. A new 200-m-long lava flow descended the SW flank into the Taniluya drainage and block avalanches reached vegetation during 2-3 February. On 6 February the lava flow descended towards the Ceniza drainage and block avalanches again reached vegetation. Strong winds caused re-suspended ash to rise 1 km high and drift several kilometers W and S during 1-3 February.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

18 January-24 January 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 18-19 and 23-24 January explosions from Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 200-700 m above the crater; the plumes drifted 8-15 km S, SW, and W. During 18-19 January incandescent material rose as high as 100 m above the crater and at night on 23 January incandescent explosions were observed. Block avalanches descended the S flanks.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

11 January-17 January 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 11-13 and on 16 January explosions from Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 400-1,000 m above the crater; the plumes drifted 10-15 km in multiple directions. Explosions generated shock waves and rumbling sounds that were detected to the SW, and windows and roofs vibrated in nearby villages. Avalanches traveled SW into the Ceniza drainage and on the W, S, and SW flanks. At night on 13 and 16 January incandescence emanated from the crater.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

4 January-10 January 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 6 and 10 January weak explosions from Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 300-600 m above the crater and drifted 10 km WNW and 15 km SW, respectively. Rumbling noises were detected several kilometers away. Incandescence emanated from the crater at night and avalanches descended the S, SW, and SE flanks. Based on information from satellite observations and INSIVUMEH, the Washington VAAC reported that an ash plume drifted SE and later dispersed on 3 January.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

28 December-3 January 2012 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 29 December-3 January explosions from Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 400-800 m above the crater; the plumes usually drifted SSW and WSW, but on 30 December they drifted 10 km E and NW. During the week explosions generated shock waves and rumbling sounds that were detected 10 km away. House windows and roofs vibrated in nearby villages. Incandescence emanated from the crater at night, and avalanches traveled SW into the Taniluyá and Ceniza drainages, and S in the Santa Teresa drainage during 29 December-2 January. On 3 January the wind lifted ash to an altitude of 500 m. Based on information from satellite observations, the Washington VAAC reported that a possible ash plume drifted SE on 3 January. That same day, information from INSIVUMEH and satellite imagery indicated small emissions that rose to an altitude of 4.9 km (16,000 ft) a.s.l and drifted SE.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

21 December-27 December 2011 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 21-27 December explosions from Fuego generated ash plumes that rose 200-800 m above the crater; the plumes drifted 10-12 km W, NW, SW, and S during 21-23 and 26-27 December. During 21-23 and 26-27 December explosions generated shock waves and rumbling sounds that were detected 12 km away. House windows and roofs vibrated in nearby villages on 27 December. Incandescence emanated from the crater at night, and avalanches traveled SW into the Taniluyá and Ceniza drainages, and S in the Santa Teresa drainage. Based on satellite observations, the Washington VAAC reported that a gas plume with possible ash drifted 9 km S on 24 December.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

7 December-13 December 2011 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 9 and 13 December explosions from Fuego produced rumbling sounds and ash plumes that rose 300-600 m above the crater and drifted W, SW, and S. Block avalanches descended the SW flank toward the Ceniza drainage.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

30 November-6 December 2011 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 1 December explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 800 m above the crater and drifted to the S. Avalanches descended toward Ash Creek. During 5-6 December ash plumes rose to an altitudes of 400-500 m above the crater and drifted to the W. A 150-m-long lava flow descended toward Ash Creek and avalanches reached vegetated areas.

Based on information from INSIVUMEH, the Washington VAAC reported gas and ash emissions on 2 December and a possible ash plume rose to an altitude of km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. on 6 December.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

9 November-15 November 2011 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that activity at Fuego increased during 8-9 November. Explosions produced shock waves that were detected up to 15 km away, rumbling sounds, and ash plumes that rose 1.5-2 km above the crater and drifted 20 km SW. Ash fell on the SW flank in Panimaché (6 km SW), Morelia (7 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), and Santa Sofía. Block avalanches descended the flanks. During 9-10 November explosions generated ash plumes that rose 600-800 m above the crater and drifted 10 km S and SW. Avalanches descended the SW flank towards the Taniluya and Ceniza drainages.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

19 October-25 October 2011 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 20-21 October explosions from Fuego produced shock waves that were detected nearby, rumbling sounds, and ash plumes that rose 500 m above the crater and drifted W. Incandescence emanated from the crater at night, and avalanches traveled SW into the Taniluyá, Ceniza, and Trinidad drainages. On 23 October, the Washington VAAC reported that an ash plume was observed in satellite imagery.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

12 October-18 October 2011 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 14-15 October explosions from Fuego produced shock waves that were detected nearby, rumbling sounds, and ash plumes that rose 700 m above the crater and drifted S. A small avalanche traveled S in the Santa Teresa drainage. Cloud cover prevented visual observations during 16-18 October; however, explosions and block avalanches were heard.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

14 September-20 September 2011 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 13-14 September explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 800 m above the crater. The explosions occasionally produced shock waves detected 7 km away. Incandescence at night emanated from the crater and from avalanches on the flanks. During 15-16 September cloud cover prevented observations of the crater but explosions were heard. Block avalanches descended the flanks and an ash plume drifted 7 km W. During 19-20 September explosions produced ash plumes that rose 500 m above the crater and drifted W.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

13 July-19 July 2011 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 13-14 July explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 700 m above the crater and drifted W. Incandescence at night emanated from a 100-m-long lava flow on the S flank. Block avalanches reached vegetated areas.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

22 June-28 June 2011 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 23-24 June explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 150-200 m above the crater and drifted W. Incandescent bursts rose 100 m above the crater. During 23-24 and 27-28 June lava flows traveled 200 m down the Ceniza drainage to the SW and detached blocks reached vegetated areas.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

27 April-3 May 2011 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 28-29 April explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 300-600 m above the crater and drifted SW and S. The explosions sometimes produced shock waves. Lava flows traveled 200 m S and block avalanches descended the Ceniza and Santa Teresa drainages. Explosions during 1-2 May produced ash plumes that rose 200 m above the crater.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

30 March-5 April 2011 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 30-31 March and 4-5 April explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 200-700 m above the crater and drifted W, SW, and S. Lava flows traveled almost 200 m SW down the Ceniza drainage and produced block avalanches from lava-flow fronts. Crater incandescence was observed at night.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

16 March-22 March 2011 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 17-18 and 20-22 March explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 300-600 m above the crater and drifted 5-8 km W, SW, and S. Incandescent material was ejected as high as 100 m above the crater. Avalanches traveled SW, into the Taniluyá, Santa Teresa, Ceniza, and Trinidad drainages.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

23 February-1 March 2011 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 24-25 and 27-28 February explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 500-700 m above the crater and drifted W and SW. Incandescent material was ejected as high as 100 m above the crater. Avalanches traveled SW, descending the Taniluyá, Ceniza, and Trinidad drainages.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

16 February-22 February 2011 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 16-17 and 20-22 February explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 300-800 m above the crater. Some plumes drifted E. Incandescent material was ejected as high as 100 m above the crater. Avalanches traveled E as well as SW, descending the Taniluyá, Santa Teresa, Ceniza, and Trinidad drainages.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

9 February-15 February 2011 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 9-10 and 13-14 February explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 300-800 m above the crater and drifted W, NW, N, and NE. The explosions generated shock waves that rattled structures in Panimaché and Sangre de Cristo. Crater incandescence was observed at night and avalanches descended the flanks. Fine ashfall was reported in communities downwind during 9-10 February, including Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), Morelia (9 km SW), and Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

2 February-8 February 2011 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 2-3 February Fuego produced 27 explosions with ash plumes that rose 300-500 m above the crater and drifted 7 km W and SW. The explosions generated shock waves detected as far away as 5 km W and SW, in Sangre de Cristo, Panimache I and II, and Morelia. Block avalanches descended the Santa Teresa, Taniluyá, Cenizas, and Trinidad drainages to the SW. During 6-8 February explosions produced ash plumes that rose 500 m above the crater and drifted W and SW. At night incandescence was observed emanating from the crater and explosions sometimes ejected incandescent material 100 m above the crater rim.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

19 January-25 January 2011 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 19-20 and 23-24 January explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 500-800 m above the crater and drifted W, NW, and S. Incandescent material was ejected as high as 100 m above the crater. Rumbling and degassing sounds were noted, and avalanches descended a few drainages.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

12 January-18 January 2011 Cite this Report

On 10 January, INSIVUMEH reported an increase in the number and magnitude of explosions from Fuego since mid-December. During the previous three days explosions had produced ash plumes that rose 1 km above the crater and drifted 25 km mainly S and SW, and remained in the atmosphere for several hours. INSIVUMEH recommended that civil aviation authorities restrict flying within 25 km S and SW of Fuego. During 13-14 and 16-18 January explosions produced ash plumes that rose 200-500 m above the crater and drifted SW, E, and NE. Rumbling was heard and shock waves were detected. At night during 13-14 January, explosions ejected incandescent material as high as 75 m above the crater.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

5 January-11 January 2011 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 5-6 January explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 500-800 m above the crater and drifted 10 km S and SW. The explosions caused windows and roofs to rattle in areas 6 km away. Fine ashfall was reported in communities downwind including Panimaché (6 km SW), Morelia (7 km SW), and Yepocapa (8 km WNW). Incandescence from the crater was observed at night. On 8 January, the Washington VAAC reported multiple gas-and-ash plumes that rose to an altitude of 5.2 km (17,000 ft) a.s.l. were observed in satellite imagery. During 10-11 January INSIVUMEH again reported that explosions produced ash plumes that rose 500-800 m above the crater and shock waves that were detected as far away as 7 km. Plumes drifted 15 km W and block avalanches descended a few drainages.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

29 December-4 January 2011 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 29-30 December explosions from Fuego, almost constant at times, produced dense ash plumes that rose 600-800 m above the crater and drifted 8 km W and SW. Avalanches occurred on the flanks. The Washington VAAC reported that several small emissions observed in satellite imagery drifted W on 1 January. INSIVUMEH noted that during 3-4 January explosions generated ash plumes that rose 800-1,000 m above the crater and fanned out towards the S and SW. The plumes drifted almost 15 km and caused ashfall in areas downwind, including Panimaché (6 km SW), Morelia (7 km SW), and Santa Sofia (12 km SW). Incandescence from the crater was observed at night.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

22 December-28 December 2010 Cite this Report

On 22 December, the Washington VAAC reported that an ash plume from Fuego observed in satellite imagery drifted 28 km NW. INSIVUMEH reported that on 23 December explosions produced ash plumes that rose 600-1,200 m above the crater and drifted 10-15 km SE. Explosions the next day generated ash plumes 400 m above the crater. Incandescent material was ejected 100 m above the crater at night during 27-28 December. On 28 December ash plumes from explosions rose as high as 500 m above the crater and drifted more than 5 km S and SW. Avalanches descended multiple drainages.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

15 December-21 December 2010 Cite this Report

On 17 December, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 300-800 m above the crater and drifted E and SE. Later that day the number of explosions increased, occurring at a rate of 12-15 per hour. Ash plumes rose 500-900 m above the crater and drifted E and NE. Ashfall was reported in Antigua Guatemala, 18 km NE, and San Juan Alotenango, 9 km ENE. On 20 December, weak explosions generated ash plumes that rose 500 m above the crater and drifted W and NW, and occasional rumbling noises.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

8 December-14 December 2010 Cite this Report

On 8 December, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 500 m above the crater and drifted S and SW. The Washington VAAC stated that on 10 December an ash plume was observed in satellite imagery. During 13-14 December, INSIVUMEH again reported explosions; ash plumes rose 400-900 m above the crater and drifted S and SE. Some of the explosions were heard 10 km away and generated shock waves that rattled structures nearby, including Panimache (8 km SW), Morelia (10 km SW), Santa Sofía, and Yucales (12 km SW). Avalanches descended the S and W flanks. At night, incandescent material was ejected 100 m high.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

1 December-7 December 2010 Cite this Report

Based on analysis of satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that on 4 December a diffuse plume of gas and possibly ash drifted SW. On 6 December, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions produced ash plumes that rose 900 m above the crater and drifted 6 km SW.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

17 November-23 November 2010 Cite this Report

During 18-22 November, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose as high as 1 km above the crater and drifted S, SW, and W. Incandescent material was ejected 100 m above the crater and avalanches occurred. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind, including in villages 10 km W. Some explosions were accompanied by rumbling noises and shock waves detected as far away as 8 km.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

10 November-16 November 2010 Cite this Report

On 12 November, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 800 m above the crater and drifted S and SW. At night, incandescent material was ejected to low heights above the crater. Avalanches occurred around the crater rim. Based on analyses of satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that during 12-13 November ash plumes drifted as far as 37 km SW.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

27 October-2 November 2010 Cite this Report

During 28-29 October, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 300-600 m above the crater. Incandescent material was ejected 75 m above the crater, and rumbling and degassing sounds were occasionally heard. Avalanches descended the W flank. On 18 October, ashfall was reported in Sangre de Cristo, 10 km WSW. Based on analyses of satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that on 31 October an ash cloud was detected up to 20 km W of Fuego.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

20 October-26 October 2010 Cite this Report

During 21-22 and 26 October, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose 500-700 m above the SW crater. Rumbling and degassing sounds were occasionally heard, and incandescence was observed at night. Block avalanches occurred on the flanks. On 26 October, ash plumes drifted N and NW, and incandescent material was ejected 75 m above the crater.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

29 September-5 October 2010 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 2 October a seismic station near Fuego recorded some explosions and a possible lahar that traveled SE. Weather prevented visual observations. During 4-5 October, explosions ejected incandescent material above the crater and produced ash plumes that rose 500-700 m above the crater.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

11 August-17 August 2010 Cite this Report

During 12-17 August, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.1-4.7 km (13,500-15,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W and NW. Rumbling and "degassing" sounds were associated with the explosions. At night during 15-16 August explosions ejected incandescent material 100 m above the crater. On 17 August blocks descended the S flanks.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

14 July-20 July 2010 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported on 19 July that six explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to an altitude of 4.4 km (14,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W and SW. Rumbling and "degassing" sounds were associated with the explosions. Light ashfall was reported in Sangre de Cristo, 10 km WSW. The seismic network had recorded a total of 17 explosions within the previous 24 hours.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

9 June-15 June 2010 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 10-11 June multiple explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.1-4.3 km (13,500-14,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted NW. Rumbling and "degassing" sounds were associated with the explosions. Occasionally incandescent material was ejected as high as 75 m above the crater and avalanches descended the flanks. Fine ashfall was reported in Sangre de Cristo, 10 km WSW. During a period of increased activity on 11 June, shock waves were detected as far away as 5 km.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

26 May-1 June 2010 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported on 29 May that abundant rains from tropical storm Agatha triggered lahars in ravines to Fuego's SW and SE.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

19 May-25 May 2010 Cite this Report

On 20 May, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.4-4.8 km (14,400-15,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SW. Incandescent material was ejected to heights of 100 m and avalanches descended the S and W flanks.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

21 April-27 April 2010 Cite this Report

On 26 April, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced gray plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.3-4.6 km (14,100-15,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E. A few of the explosions produced avalanches around the volcano, and rumbling sounds were heard.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

24 February-2 March 2010 Cite this Report

On 26 February and 2 March, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced gray plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.1-4.5 km (13,500-14,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E and NE. Avalanches descended the S and W flanks. Weak incandescence emanated from the crater. On 2 March, ash fell in areas downwind.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

20 January-26 January 2010 Cite this Report

On 22 January, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced gray plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.4-4.8 km (14,400-15,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 5-12 km SW. Incandescent material was ejected to heights of 75 m and avalanches descended the flanks. Based on analyses of satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that on 25 January a dense ash cloud drifted 15 km NW. The next day an ash cloud drifted 11 km W.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

6 January-12 January 2010 Cite this Report

Based on analyses of satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that on 6 January an ash plume from Fuego drifted 45 km SE. On 8, 11, and 12 January, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4-4.7 km (13,000-15,400 ft) a.s.l. Plumes drifted as far as 10 km in multiple directions, causing ashfall in some areas. Incandescent material was ejected to heights up to 75 m. Some explosions were accompanied by rumbling noises and shock waves that rattled structures up to 7 km away. Avalanches descended the flanks.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

9 December-15 December 2009 Cite this Report

On 11, 14, and 15 December, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.1-4.7 km (13,500-15,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 8-12 km W and SW. Incandescence from the main crater and rumbling noises were noted. Avalanches descended the S and W flanks. Based on analyses of satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that on 12 December a gas-and-ash plume drifted 20 km W. On 15 December, ashfall was reported in areas SW.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

2 December-8 December 2009 Cite this Report

On 4 December, INSIVUMEH reported that multiple explosions produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.2-4.7 km (13,800-15,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 15-18 km W. Ashfall was reported in communities downwind. Rumbling noises and incandescent block avalanches were also noted.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

25 November-1 December 2009 Cite this Report

Based on analyses of satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that on 29 November a small plume from Fuego, possibly containing ash, drifted 10 km SW. A thermal anomaly was also detected. On 30 November and 1 December, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.3-4.7 km (14,100-15,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 8-15 km W and SW. Rumbling noises were noted and incandescent block avalanches were generated.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

11 November-17 November 2009 Cite this Report

Based on analyses of satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that on 12 November a gas plume from Fuego, possibly containing ash, drifted SSW. On 13 November, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.2-4.7 km (13,800-15,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 7 km S. Rumbling noises were noted and incandescence was detected. White fumarolic plumes rose 100 m and drifted S and SW. Small plumes of ash on 16 November were seen on satellite imagery.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

21 October-27 October 2009 Cite this Report

Based on analyses of satellite imagery and a pilot observation, the Washington VAAC reported that on 20 October an apparent ash plume from Fuego drifted SSW. On 21 October, multiple ash emissions resulted in an ash cloud that drifted 55 km S. Emissions were also reported the next day. On 26 October, a diffuse gas-and-ash plume drifted W. That same day, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions produced plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.4-4.8 km (14,400-15,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 10 km S and SW. Ash fell downwind, rumbling and degassing sounds were reported, and avalanches of blocks descended the flanks. On 27 October, a few ash clouds seen on satellite imagery drifted 90 km NW.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

7 October-13 October 2009 Cite this Report

On 9, 12, and 13 October, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.1-4.6 km (13,500-15,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W. Some explosions were accompanied by rumbling noises, and avalanches of blocks descended the flanks. On 9 October, a lahar traveled down the Lajas ravine, carrying blocks up to 50 cm in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

9 September-15 September 2009 Cite this Report

On 10 and 14 September, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.1-4.7 km (13,500-15,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted as far away as 10 km W, SW, and S. Some explosions were accompanied by rumbling noises and shock waves. Incandescent material was ejected 100 m high and avalanches descended multiple ravines.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

19 August-25 August 2009 Cite this Report

Based on information from the Tegucigalpa MWO, the Washington VAAC reported that ash was detected within 15 km of Fuego on 19 August. Ash was not identified in satellite imagery. On 21 and 25 August, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions produced plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.2-4.6 km (13,800-15,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 5-7 km W and SW. On 21 August rumbling sounds were accompanied by incandescent tephra ejected 75 m high. On 25 August, ashfall was reported in areas to the SW.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

29 July-4 August 2009 Cite this Report

On 31 July and 3 August, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4-4.6 km (13,100-15,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W. Some explosions were accompanied by rumbling noises. Incandescent material was ejected 75 m high and avalanches occurred on the main cone. Fumarolic plumes rose 200 m and drifted W and NW. The frequency of explosions significantly increased during 2-3 August.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

8 July-14 July 2009 Cite this Report

On 10 and 14 July, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.1-4.6 km (13,500-15,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 10-15 km W and SW. Some explosions were accompanied by rumbling noises and shock waves. Incandescent material was ejected 75 m high and incandescent avalanches descended several ravines. Fumarolic plumes rose 100 m and drifted S and SW.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

3 June-9 June 2009 Cite this Report

On 5, 8, and 9 June, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.1-4.7 km (13,500-15,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 10 km W, SW, and S. Some explosions were accompanied by rumbling noises and shock waves detected 12-15 km away. Avalanches descended several ravines. Fumarolic plumes rose 150 m and drifted S and SW.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

20 May-26 May 2009 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 21 May lahars descended the Santa Teresa and Ceniza ravines to the W and SW of Fuego, respectively, and carried fine material as well as blocks up to 2 m in diameter. During 25-26 May, explosions produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.1-4.7 km (13,500-15,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W, SW, S, and SE. Some rumbling noises were reported. On 25 May, fumarolic plumes rose to an altitude of 4.2 km (13,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted S and SE. Ashfall was reported in areas to the W and WSW on 26 May.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

22 April-28 April 2009 Cite this Report

On 24 and 28 April, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.1-4.8 km (13,500-15,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 10 km SW. Some explosions were accompanied by rumbling noises and shock waves detected 5 km away. Avalanches of blocks traveled down the flanks. Fumarolic plumes rose 50-150 m and drifted S, NW, and N. On 28 April, incandescent material was ejected 75-100 m into the air.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

25 March-31 March 2009 Cite this Report

On 27 and 30 March, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.1-4.8 km (13,500-15,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifted S and SW. Some explosions were accompanied by rumbling noises, shock waves detected 10 km away, and avalanches of blocks down the W and SW flanks. Fumarolic plumes drifted NE and SW. On 30 March, incandescent material was ejected 75 m into the air. Based on analysis of satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that on 31 March an ash plume drifted E.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

11 March-17 March 2009 Cite this Report

On 12, 16, and 17 March, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.2-4.8 km (13,800-15,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifted S and SW. Incandescent material was ejected 75 m into the air. Some explosions produced rumbling sounds heard in nearby towns. White plumes rose 150-200 m above the summit. During 16-17 March, fine ashfall was reported in areas downwind.

Based on analysis of satellite imagery and SIGMET notices, the Washington VAAC reported that during 12-13 March ash plumes drifted S and SW. On 13 March, the ash plume rose to an altitude of 5 km (16,500 ft) a.s.l.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

4 March-10 March 2009 Cite this Report

Based on analysis of satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that on 5 March multiple ash plumes from Fuego drifted W. On 6 and 10 March, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.2-4.8 km (13,800-15,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 12-15 km S and SW. Some strong explosions were accompanied by rumbling noises, shock waves detected 8 km away, avalanches of blocks down all flanks, and ash plumes that rose to an altitude of 5 km (16,400 ft) a.s.l. Ashfall was reported in areas to the SW.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

18 February-24 February 2009 Cite this Report

Based on analysis of satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that on 18 February ash plumes from Fuego rose to an altitude of 6.1 km (20,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted WSW. On 20 and 24 February, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.1-4.7 km (13,500-15,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 6-8 km SW. Some explosions produced rumbling sounds and shock waves. Incandescent material was ejected 150 m above the crater. Incandescent avalanches of blocks traveled down the W and SW flanks.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

4 February-10 February 2009 Cite this Report

On 6, 8, and 10 February, INSIVUMEH reported that multiple explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.1-5.4 km (13,500-17,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifted S and SW. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind. Some explosions produced rumbling sounds and constant avalanches of blocks descended the flanks. On 8 February, explosions were accompanied by shock waves that were detected 10-15 km away.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

28 January-3 February 2009 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 30 January and 3 February, multiple explosions from Fuego produced gray plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.1-4.7 km (13,500-15,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted S and SE. Some explosions produced rumbling sounds and shock waves. Fumarolic plumes rose 100 m above the crater. On 30 January, incandescent material was ejected 50-100 m above the crater and avalanches from the crater rim traveled down multiple ravines.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

14 January-20 January 2009 Cite this Report

Based on information from the Central American FIR, the Washington VAAC reported that on 14 January an ash plume from Fuego rose to an altitude of 4.9 km (16,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted WSW. On 19 and 20 January, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.1-4.6 km (13,500-15,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 7 km NW, W, and SW. Some explosions produced rumbling sounds. Avalanches occurred on the S and SW flanks.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

7 January-13 January 2009 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 8-9 January, multiple explosions (3-5 per hour) from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.3-5.4 km (14,100-17,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 10-15 km S and SW. The explosions produced rumbling sounds and shock waves that were detected 10-15 km away. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind. Constant avalanches of blocks descended the S and SW flanks. Based on analysis of satellite imagery and information from the Tegucigalpa MWO, the Washington VAAC reported that on 10 January a diffuse plume drifted W.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

31 December-6 January 2009 Cite this Report

Based on analysis of satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that on 1 January two ash plumes from Fuego drifted N. INSIVUMEH reported that during 4-6 January multiple explosions produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.1-5.1 km (13,500-16,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 12 km W and SW. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind. Some explosions produced rumbling sounds and shock waves that were detected 10 km away. Constant avalanches of blocks descended the S and SW flanks.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

10 December-16 December 2008 Cite this Report

Based on NOTAM's ("Notices to Airmen"), the Washington VAAC reported that on 9 December a possible gas-and-ash plume from Fuego rose to an altitude of 4.9 km (16,000 ft) a.s.l., drifted N, and dissipated rapidly. INSIVUMEH reported that on 12 December explosions produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.1-5 km (13,500-16,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SSW. The explosions produced rumbling and degassing sounds, and shock waves were detected 10 km away.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

19 November-25 November 2008 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 20-21 and 25 November explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.1-4.6 km (13,500-15,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W and S. The explosions produced rumbling and degassing sounds, and shock waves were detected 10 km away. Lava flowed 150 m W towards the Taniluyá ravine and incandescent material rolled down the flanks.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

24 September-30 September 2008 Cite this Report

Based on information from the Tegucigalpa MWO, the Washington VAAC reported that on 18 September a possible ash plume from Fuego rose to an altitude of 4.3 km (14,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SSW. INSIVUMEH reported on 24 September that a lava flow traveled 300 m W towards the Seca ravine. Avalanches were generated from the lava flow front. Explosions generated ash plumes that rose to an altitude of 4.1 km (13,500 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

20 August-26 August 2008 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 20 August lahars descended several rivers to the S and SE of Fuego, carrying fine material as well as blocks up to 1 m in diameter. Strong currents in Río Cenizas and El Jute were noted. During 25-26 August, explosions produced ash plumes that rose to an altitude of 4.1 km (13,500 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SW. Fumarolic plumes rose to an altitude of 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and also drifted SW. A 300-m-long lava flow traveled W towards the Santa Teresa ravine.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

30 July-5 August 2008 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that a lahar descended El Jute River to the SE of Fuego on 31 July, carrying fine material as well as blocks. A report on 1 August indicated that explosions produced ash plumes that rose to an altitude of 4.1 km (13,500 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W and SW. Rumbling noises and shockwaves occasionally accompanied the explosions.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

2 July-8 July 2008 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 4 July there were rumbling noises from Fuego and the seismic network detected multiple explosions. A lava flow traveled 100 m W towards the Santa Teresa ravine. A lahar carrying blocks descended the Ceniza ravine to the SW. On 7 and 8 July, explosions produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4-4.5 km (13,100-14,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted S, SE, and SW. Incandescence at the summit was observed and constant avalanches of blocks from lava-flow fronts descended the W flank.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

18 June-24 June 2008 Cite this Report

On 18 June, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to an altitude of 4.3 km (14,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W and SW. Incandescent material was ejected 50 m above the crater. Constant avalanches of blocks descended the W flank and rumbling and degassing noises were reported. On 20 June, a lahar that was hot in areas, descended the Ceniza drainage to the SW, dragging tree branches and blocks 0.5-1 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

11 June-17 June 2008 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 13-17 June, explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 3.9-4.4 km (12,800-14,400 ft) a.s.l. On 13 June, lahars descended the Santa Teresa (W) and Ceniza (SW) drainages and a lava flow traveled 100 m towards the Santa Teresa. On 15 June, rumbling noises were accompanied by shock waves. On 17 June, fumarolic plumes were noted and incandescent material visible at night was ejected about 50 m above the crater.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

28 May-3 June 2008 Cite this Report

During 28-30 May, INSIVUMEH reported explosions from Fuego and ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.1-4.4 km (13,500-14,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted S and SW. The explosions produced rumbling and degassing sounds, and shock waves detected several kilometers away. Avalanches descended W into the Taniluyá and Santa Teresa ravines. On 2 June, incandescent material was ejected 50-100 m above the crater and a small lava flow traveled 100 m W towards the Santa Teresa ravine. On 3 June, cloudy weather inhibited visual observations, but explosions were heard.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

21 May-27 May 2008 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes to altitudes of 4.1-4.5 km (13,500-14,800 ft) a.s.l. during 22-27 May. The plumes drifted 5 km SW and ashfall was reported in areas downwind. The explosions produced rumbling and degassing sounds, and shock waves that rattled windows and structures 10-15 km away. During 26-27 May, constant avalanches of blocks descended W into the Taniluyá and Santa Teresa ravines.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

23 April-29 April 2008 Cite this Report

The Washington VAAC reported that an ash plume from Fuego was visible on satellite imagery on 23 April and drifted SW. On 28 April, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions (1 per hour) produced ash plumes to an altitude of 4.4 km (14,400 ft) a.s.l. The plumes drifted 5 km SW. The explosions produced noises audible 15 km away and shock waves that rattled windows and structures in nearby villages.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

16 April-22 April 2008 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that explosions (1-2 per hour) from Fuego produced ash plumes to altitudes of 4.3-4.7 km (14,100-15,400 ft) a.s.l. during 15-21 April. The plumes drifted 5-8 km SW and ashfall was reported from areas downwind. The explosions produced rumbling and degassing sounds, and shock waves that rattled windows and structures 5-15 km away. The Washington VAAC reported that multiple ash plumes were visible on satellite imagery during 18-19 April and drifted mainly SW.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

26 March-1 April 2008 Cite this Report

The Washington VAAC reported that multiple ash puffs from Fuego were visible on satellite imagery on 31 March drifting SW and on 1 April.

Source: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

19 March-25 March 2008 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 22-25 March more frequent explosions (4-5 per hour) from Fuego produced ash plumes to altitudes of 4.1-4.6 km (13,500-15,100 ft) a.s.l. The plumes drifted 6-8 km S and SE. Most explosions produced degassing and rumbling noises, and shock waves that vibrated windows and ceilings within a 5-8 km radius.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

13 February-19 February 2008 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 6-19 February explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4-4.7 km (13,100-15,400 ft) a.s.l. Fumarolic plumes rose to altitudes of 3.9-4 km (12,800-13,100 ft) a.s.l.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

30 January-5 February 2008 Cite this Report

Based on observations of satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that ash plumes from Fuego rose to an altitude of 5 km (16,500 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W on 4 February.

Source: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

23 January-29 January 2008 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported on 24 January that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.2-4.5 km (13,800-14,800 ft) a.s.l. ands drifted S, SW, and W. Some explosions produced shock waves that were detected 3 km away. At night, small avalanches of blocks traveled W towards the Taniluyá ravine. Based on reports from INSIVUMEH, CONRED reported on 28 January that the Alert Level was lowered to Green.

Based on observations of satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that a narrow plume of gas and possible ash drifted SW on 30 January.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED); Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

9 January-15 January 2008 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported on 11 January that weak explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.1-4.3 km (13,500-14,100 ft) a.s.l. CONRED reiterated that the Alert Level remained at Yellow.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

26 December-1 January 2008 Cite this Report

Based on observations of satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that a probable ash plume from Fuego drifted N on 26 December.

Source: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

19 December-25 December 2007 Cite this Report

Based on observations of satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that ash plumes from Fuego rose to an altitude of 5.2 km (17,000 ft) a.s.l. drifted SW on 21 December. Gas or ash plumes were seen on satellite imagery on 23 December and drifted W. According to CONRED, INSIVUMEH reported on 24 December that an ash plume drifted SW. CONRED reiterated that the Alert Level remained at Yellow.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

12 December-18 December 2007 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported on 12 October that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.2-4.8 km (13,800-15,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W and SW. Ashfall was reported from areas to the W. The explosions were accompanied by rumbling noises, degassing sounds, and shock waves detected up to 15 km away. The Washington VAAC reported a thermal anomaly along with ash plumes drifting W and NW that were visible on satellite imagery during 15-16 December. INSIVUMEH reported that on 17 December, Fuego returned to normal levels after the 15-16 December eruption. A few explosions were registered by the seismic network and ash plumes rose to altitudes of 4.5 km (17,800 ft) a.s.l. plumes drifted S and SW.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

28 November-4 December 2007 Cite this Report

Based on observations of satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that an ash plume from Fuego drifted W on 29 November.

Source: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

24 October-30 October 2007 Cite this Report

Based on observations of satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that multiple ash "puffs" from Fuego drifted SE on 26 October.

Source: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

10 October-16 October 2007 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported on 10 October that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4-5 km (13,000-16,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted N and NW. Explosions were accompanied by rumbling noises and sounds resembling an aircraft engine. Avalanches due to collapses from the growing cone in the inner crater descended W into the Taniluyá and Santa Teresa ravines.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

29 August-4 September 2007 Cite this Report

On 31 August, INSIVUMEH reported that a lahar, 8 m wide and 1.5 m high, descended W down Fuego's Santa Teresa ravine, carrying fine material, tree branches, and blocks. On 3 September, fumarolic plumes rose to an altitude of 4 km (13,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W and SW. A 300-m-long lava flow continued to advance W down the Taniluyá River valley. Avalanches in the Ceniza River valley were noted. During 3-4 September, explosions produced ash plumes that rose to an altitude of 4.5 km (14,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SW.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

22 August-28 August 2007 Cite this Report

On 24 August, INSIVUMEH reported that fumarolic plumes from Fuego rose to an altitude of 3.9 km (12,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W. A lahar carried tree trunks, branches, and blocks down the Lajas drainage to the SE. A lahar again affected the drainage on 27 August. Explosions on 28 August produced ash plumes that rose to an altitude of 4.1 km (13,500 ft) a.s.l.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

15 August-21 August 2007 Cite this Report

Based on a Guatemala City surface report, the Washington VAAC reported activity at Fuego. A hotspot was visible on satellite imagery.

Source: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

8 August-14 August 2007 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 8 August, a Strombolian eruption of Fuego produced gas-and-ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.8-5.6 km (15,700-18,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W and SW. Lava flows advanced and avalanches of incandescent blocks traveled down river valleys, including the Ceniza river valley to the SW. Several pyroclastic flows descended the flanks and ashfall was reported in villages to the W, SW, and S. CONRED raised the Alert Level to Orange (level 3 on a scale of 1-4) in surrounding communities on 8 August, based on a later report from INSIVUMEH.

On 9 August, there was a substantial decrease in vigor of the Strombolian eruption. Explosions produced plumes to altitudes of 4.4-4.8 km (14,400-15,700 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SW. A lava flow traveled 1.5 km SW down the Ceniza river valley and landslides of incandescent blocks were observed. INSIVUMEH issued a report later that day stating that the activity had further decreased to normal levels. A few explosions produced plumes to an altitude of 4.3 km (14,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SW.

On 10 August, CONRED decreased the Alert Level to Yellow. INSIVUMEH reported that the lava flows that were active during 8-9 August were no longer visible. On 10 and 13 August, small explosions produced plumes to an altitude of 4.3 km (14,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SW.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

1 August-7 August 2007 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego expelled incandescent material 50-75 m above the crater on 1 August. Incandescent avalanches traveled 500-700 m down the S and W flanks. Rumbling noises and shock waves were noted at nearby locations. On 2 August, a moderate eruption produced pyroclastic flows that traveled approximately 2 km SSW down the Ceniza River valley. A resultant ash plume rose to an altitude of 5.3 km (17,400 ft) a.s.l. and produced ashfall in areas to the S, SW, and W for several minutes.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

18 July-24 July 2007 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 17-18 July, gas plumes from Fuego rose to an altitude of 3.9 km (12,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SW. On 18 July, a hot lahar, 20 m wide and 1.5 m high, carried blocks 1-1.5 m in diameter to the W down the Santa Teresa ravine. On 20 July, the seismic network recorded 21 explosions. Associated ash plumes rose to altitudes of 4.1-4.7 km (13,500-15,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W and SW. Rumbling noises were reported.

CONRED raised the Alert Level to Yellow in surrounding communities on 22 July, based on a report from INSIVUMEH. INSIVUMEH reported that Vulcanian explosions produced ash plumes to altitudes of 4.1-5.2 km (13,500-17,100 ft) a.s.l. and expelled incandescent material 75-250 m above the crater. The explosions were accompanied by rumbling noises and shock waves that rattled ceilings and windows within a 25 km radius. Ashfall was reported from areas approximately 7-8 km to the SW, and incandescent avalanches of blocks rolled 500-800 m down the S flanks towards areas of vegetation. A new lava flow that initiated from an area 100 m below the S edge of the central crater traveled about 100 m.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

27 June-3 July 2007 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 27 June, a new 100-m-long lava flow from Fuego was observed that somewhat paralleled the previous flow from March/April 2007. The older lava flow on the S flank continued to advance and produce incandescent blocks that rolled W into the Taniluyá River valley. On 29 June, pyroclastic explosions propelled material about 75 m above the crater. Seven explosions produced whitish plumes to an altitude of about 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted S.

According to CONRED, INSIVUMEH reported on 1 July that during a Strombolian eruption, lava was propelled 200-300 m above the summit. Resulting lava flows traveled about 800 and 1,300 m to the W. Rumbling sounds were heard and shockwaves rattled windows in near by villages. Ash plumes rose to an altitude of 3.9 km (12,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted W. Multiple pyroclastic flows traveled 1.3-2 km to the W. Based on the report, CONRED raised the Alert Level to Orange in surrounding communities.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED)

23 May-29 May 2007 Cite this Report

On 25 May, CONRED reported that the Alert Level for Fuego was lowered from Yellow to Green based on recent communication with nearby communities and monitoring by scientists at INSIVUMEH. During 28-29 May, INSIVUMEH reported that the lava flow on the S flank continued to advance and produce incandescent blocks that rolled W into the Taniluyá River valley. Low rumbling noises were heard during 26-27 May and occasionally accompanied pyroclastic explosions. Additional explosions produced plumes to an altitude of 4.1 km (13,500 ft) a.s.l. and expelled incandescent material about 100 m above the crater. Avalanches of blocks were observed on the S and SW flank. Gray plumes drifted S. Steam-and-gas plumes rose to an altitude of 4.6 km (15,100 ft) a.s.l.

Sources: Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

18 April-24 April 2007 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 20 and 23 April, Strombolian activity was observed at Fuego; incandescent material was ejected about 50-75 m above the summit and blocks descended 300 m down the S and W flanks. On 20 April, sounds resembling locomotives accompanied the eruption, and lava overflowed the crater on the S flank and traveled 100 m. The Washington VAAC reported that an intense hotspot seen on satellite imagery on 21 April was likely caused by a lava flow to the SW, according to information from INSIVUMEH. A plume drifting SW was also visible on satellite imagery and may have been a result of fires started by lava flows; the plume may have also contained light ash and gas. On 23 April, INSIVUMEH reported that pyroclastic flows and incandescent avalanches traveled down SE and SW ravines. Ash explosions caused light ashfall in areas S of the volcano and fumarolic and gas plumes rose to an altitude of 4 km (13,000 ft) a.s.l.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

21 March-27 March 2007 Cite this Report

Based on satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that a small plume from Fuego drifted E on 21 March. During 21-22, 24, and 26-27 March, INSIVUMEH reported that explosions produced gas-and-ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4.7-5.1 km (15,400-16,700 ft) a.s.l. Ashfall was reported from areas 5-8 km SSE and 9 km W. On 24 March, explosions were followed by lava blocks rolling down the W flank toward the Taniluyá River valley and gas emissions. Resultant plumes drifted 15 km SW. Similar activity on 26 March caused ashfall in areas 10-25 km away to the W and SE. On 27 March, the Washington VAAC reported that another small plume was visible on satellite imagery drifting W.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

14 March-20 March 2007 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that incandescent material from Fuego was ejected 200 m above the summit on 15 March. The activity was accompanied by rumbling noises and shockwaves that vibrated windows several kilometers away. Two lava flows were observed; one traveled about 1,500 m W toward the Taniluyá River valley. An ash plume drifted S and SW. On 16 March, Strombolian activity propelled material 300 m above the summit and shockwaves were felt as far as 15 km away. The lava flows from 15 March advanced and three more flows were observed in different ravines on 16 March. Ash plumes rose to an altitude of 5.4 km (17,799 ft) a.s.l. and drifted S, SW, and E. Two pyroclastic flows traveled about 800 m; one NW and another W and SW.

Based on pilot reports, INSIVUMEH reports, and satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that ash plumes reached altitudes of 4.1-6.1 km (13,500-20,000 ft) a.s.l. during 15-16 March. A hotspot was visible on satellite imagery both days.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

7 March-13 March 2007 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported on 9 and 13 March that explosions from Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to altitudes of 4-4.2 km (13,000-13,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE. Rumbling noises were heard from surrounding villages. Lava flows extended ~100-150 m W toward the Taniluyá River valley and avalanches occurred from the lava-flow fronts. On 12 March, incandescent material was ejected about 15-20 m above the central crater.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

24 January-30 January 2007 Cite this Report

Based on a pilot report and information from INSIVUMEH, the Washington VAAC reported that a diffuse plume from Fuego reached an altitude of 4 km (13,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted NE. A hotspot over the crater was visible on satellite imagery. INSIVUMEH reported that approximately during 21-29 January, incandescent material was propelled up to 100 m above the summit and incandescent blocks rolled about 500 m S and SW down the flanks. During 26 and 29 January, incandescent blocks broke away from lava-flow fronts and rolled S towards the source of the Ceniza River.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

10 January-16 January 2007 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that explosions from Fuego produced white and gray plumes that rose to an altitude of 4 km (13,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SW on 12 January. Incandescent material was propelled up to 75 m above the summit and incandescent blocks rolled W towards the Taniluyá and Santa Teresa ravines on 12 January and S towards the Ceniza ravine on 12 and 16 January. Based on information from the Tegucigalpa MWO and satellite imagery, the Washington VAAC reported that a faint plume was seen on 12 January drifting W.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

3 January-9 January 2007 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 4-5 January, constant avalanches of incandescent material from Fuego's central crater and lateral crater (about 70 m from the S edge of the central crater) descended SW towards the Taniluyá River ravine. Several explosions produced shock waves and gas-and-ash clouds that reached altitudes of 4.2-4.8 km (13,800-15,700) a.s.l. Fine ashfall was noted in areas S and about 9-15 km SW of the summit.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

15 November-21 November 2006 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that on 15 November lava flows from Fuego traveled about 150 m SW and avalanches occurred from the lava-flow fronts. On 17 November, three out of seven explosions propelled incandescent material 100 m above the central crater.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

27 September-3 October 2006 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reports noted that frequent explosions at Fuego during 14-29 September sent incandescent lava 75-100 m above the crater rim and generated hot avalanches SW towards the Taniluyá River.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

16 August-22 August 2006 Cite this Report

Ash explosions from Fuego reached 300-800 m above the summit (13,300-15,000 ft a.s.l.) on 16 and 21 August. Explosions of incandescent material on 16, 18, and 21 August produced avalanches that descended 300-500 m SW towards the Ceniza, Taniluyá, and Santa Teresa river valleys.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

28 June-4 July 2006 Cite this Report

On 29 June, INSIVUMEH reported that pyroclastic flows from Fuego traveled mainly SW along the Ceniza River and a lesser number moved SW along the Taniluyá River. According to a news report, on 29 June an ash plume reached a height of 2.2 km above the summit (19,500 ft a.s.l.) and drifted W. On 3 July, explosions propelled incandescent material hundreds of meters above the central crater (~13,000 ft a.s.l.). Avalanches traveled ~300-500 m SW along the Ceniza River.

Sources: Associated Press; Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

24 May-30 May 2006 Cite this Report

On 29 May, INSIVUMEH reported that fumarolic emissions from Fuego reached a height of ~125 m above the volcano (~12,750 ft a.s.l.). Lava flows extended ~400 m SW toward the Ceniza River. Avalanches occurred from the lava-flow fronts. Incandescent material was propelled from the crater tens of meters. Plumes reached heights of 200 m above the crater (13,000 ft a.s.l.) and dispersed W and NW.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

17 May-23 May 2006 Cite this Report

On 17 May, INSIVUMEH reported that fumarolic emissions reached ~600 m above the volcano (14,300 ft a.s.l.). and drifted E and W. Active lava flows reached ~100 m SW toward the Taniluyá River and ~500 m SW toward the Ceniza River. Avalanches occurred from lava-flow fronts. The Washington VAAC reported a short low-level plume on 18 May that drifted N from the volcano.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

12 April-18 April 2006 Cite this Report

On 17 April, explosions at Fuego ejected incandescent material ~50-75 m high, and gas plumes to ~150-200 m above the volcano (12,800-13,000 ft a.s.l.). Incandescent landslides traveled down the volcano's S and W flanks. Lava flowed ~400 m S towards Taniluyá ravine.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

22 March-28 March 2006 Cite this Report

During 22-28 March, several explosions at Fuego ejected incandescent material ~50-75 m high and gas plumes to ~300 m above the volcano (13,300 ft a.s.l.). Short pyroclastic avalanches occurred on the upper flanks. On 28 March, lava flowed ~450 m S and avalanches occurred from the lava-flow fronts.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

1 March-7 March 2006 Cite this Report

On 6 and 7 March, small ash emissions from Fuego were visible on satellite imagery and reached a maximum height of 4.6 km (~15,000 ft) a.s.l.

Source: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

1 February-7 February 2006 Cite this Report

During 1-3 February, weak-to-moderate explosions occurred at Fuego. Shock waves from the explosions were sometimes felt in villages near the volcano. Small avalanches of volcanic material traveled down Fuego's S and W flanks.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

18 January-24 January 2006 Cite this Report

Weak to moderate explosions continued at Fuego during 18-24 January 2006, sending dark gray ash plumes as high as 800 m (2,600 feet) above the crater. Explosion noises could be heard 25-30 km away. Incandescent lava ejections rising 100 m above the crater were seen on the night of 22-23 January that resulted in block avalanches down the SW flank.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

11 January-17 January 2006 Cite this Report

During 11-16 January, moderate-to-strong explosions at Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to ~1.5 km above the volcano (or 4,900 ft a.s.l.). Incandescent lava was hurled ~40 m high.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Craig Chesner (Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, Illinois, USA); Sid Halsor, Wilkes Barre University

4 January-10 January 2006 Cite this Report

During 4-9 January, moderate-to-strong explosions at Fuego produced ash plumes that rose to ~1 km above the volcano (or 15,600 ft a.s.l.). The explosions were accompanied by rumbling sounds and acoustic waves that shook windows and doors in villages near the volcano. Avalanches of volcanic material traveled down the volcano's SW flank.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

28 December-3 January 2006 Cite this Report

An eruption began at Fuego on 27 December around 0545 and produced lava flows that traveled down Taniluya (SW) and Seca (W) ravines, initially extending ~800 m and 1,200 m, respectively. At 0602 a pyroclastic flow descended Seca Ravine, producing a S-drifting column of ash that rose to a height of ~2 km above the volcano (or 18,900 ft a.s.l.). Ash fell to the S of the volcano in the port of San Jose. Later that day, the lava flows reached lengths of 1.2 and 1.3 km, and pyroclastic flows traveled 1.8 and 2 km down the Taniluya and Seca ravines, respectively. Lava flows also traveled W toward Santa Teresa ravine, and SE towards Jute and Lajas ravines. A small amount of ash fell W and SW of the volcano in the villages of Panimaché (~7 km SSW), Morelia, Santa Sofía, and Los Tarros.

Volcanic activity continued through 28 December, with incandescent lava clots hurled ~75 m high, lava flows traveling down the volcano's flanks, and a dark gas-and-ash plume rising to ~1 km above the volcano (or 15,600 ft a.s.l.). Avalanches of volcanic material spalled from lava-flow fronts. On the 29th, lava only flowed in Santa Teresa ravine, reaching ~600 m. Moderate explosions continued through 3 January, depositing small amounts of ash in Panimaché village. According to a news article, none of the ~250,000 residents from the 78 communities near the volcano were evacuated.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Reuters

21 December-27 December 2005 Cite this Report

On 27 December an eruption at Fuego produced an ash plume to a height of ~7.6 km (25,000 ft) a.s.l. that extended SSW and SSE of the volcano. The higher level ash (~7.6 km a.s.l.) drifted W to Honduras, while ash below ~6.1 km (20,000 ft) a.s.l. drifted E to the Pacific coast. According to news articles, two lava flows that were both ~2 km long traveled down the volcano's flanks, but posed no threat to inhabited areas. Articles also reported that about 25,000 local residents were put on alert, and emergency teams said that there was no immediate need for evacuations.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Reuters

14 December-20 December 2005 Cite this Report

On 13 December, two lava flows from Fuego reached 200-300 m W and SW of the central crater. Small landslides of incandescent blocks spalled off of the lava flows.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

16 November-22 November 2005 Cite this Report

During 17-21 November, lava flows from Fuego continued to travel towards the Ceniza (to the S), Taniluyá (to the S), and Santa Teresa (to the W) ravines.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

9 November-15 November 2005 Cite this Report

During 11-14 November, three lava flows were emitted from Fuego. On the 14th, two of the lava flows traveled from the S edge of the central crater 150 m toward the Ceniza ravine, and 400 m toward the Taniluyá ravine, and the third traveled 600 m W toward the Santa Teresa ravine. Avalanches of volcanic material spalled from the fronts of the lava flows.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

2 November-8 November 2005 Cite this Report

During 2-7 November, several weak explosions occurred at Fuego, producing ash plumes that rose to low levels. Lava flows traveled down the volcano's S and SW flanks, extending 600 m towards the Taniluya ravine, and 300 m towards the Cenizas ravine. Avalanches of incandescent material occurred from the lava-flow fronts.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

7 September-13 September 2005 Cite this Report

A small eruption at Fuego on 17 July during 1715-1945 produced an ash plume that rose 3.5-4 km above the volcano's crater (or 23,800-25,500 ft a.s.l.). The eruption was accompanied by small pyroclastic flows that traveled SW down Santa Teresa and Taniluyá ravines.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

13 July-19 July 2005 Cite this Report

A small eruption at Fuego on 17 July during 1715-1945 produced an ash plume to a height of 3.5-4 km above the volcano's crater (23,800-25,500 ft a.s.l.). The eruption was accompanied by small pyroclastic flows that traveled down Santa Teresa and Taniluyá ravines.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

6 July-12 July 2005 Cite this Report

During 6-11 July, several explosions at Fuego produced low-level plumes. Small avalanches of volcanic material traveled down the S and W sides of the central crater, and from the front of a lava flow.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

22 June-28 June 2005 Cite this Report

From 22-24 June, small incandescent lava expulsions reached ~50 m high and columns of grayish smoke rose ~300 m above the vent (13,300 ft a.s.l.) and drifted W. Weak rumbling and short avalanches of incandescent material accompanied these expulsions. On 27 June a lava flow was observed on the South flank extending approximately 300 m.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

1 June-7 June 2005 Cite this Report

During 1-6 June, several explosions at Fuego produced low-level plumes. Small avalanches of volcanic material occurred on the S and W sides of the central crater. A lava flow, which began on 18 May on the volcano's W flank, extended ~1 km down the volcano's flank. On 2 June, a new lava flow was emitted that traveled ~120 m down Fuego's S flank.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

18 May-24 May 2005 Cite this Report

During 17-20 May, lava flows continued to travel down Fuego's flanks, extending ~400 m W and ~500 m SW of the summit. Short avalanches originated from the lava-flow fronts. Also, explosions sent ash and incandescent volcanic material to low altitudes.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

11 May-17 May 2005 Cite this Report

Small white plumes to ~200 m height were again observed during 11-17 May. Lava flows down the Santa Teresa and Taniluya ravines reached 700 and 500 m long, respectively, with avalanches originating from their fronts.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

4 May-10 May 2005 Cite this Report

A lava flow on 9 May extended ~100 m towards the S flank during almost 4 hours of emission. Small plumes 200-300 m high that same day were associated with 29 episodes of weak rumbling noises.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

20 April-26 April 2005 Cite this Report

During 21-25 April, explosions at Fuego generated small lava avalanches to the W and SW. Also, lava flows traveled ~400 m W and ~250 m SW. Blocks of lava spalled from the front of the lava flows.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

2 March-8 March 2005 Cite this Report

During 2-8 March, several explosions at Fuego produced plumes to a maximum height of 1 km above the volcano. Some explosions were accompanied by avalanches of volcanic material that traveled towards the Taniluyá (to the SW) and Santa Teresa ravines. Around 4 March, a lava flow traveled ~200 m down Fuego's SW flank. Blocks of lava spalled from the front of the lava flow.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

19 January-25 January 2005 Cite this Report

During 24-25 January, several weak-to-moderate explosions at Fuego produced ash plumes to a maximum height of 1.5 km above the volcano. The eruptions were accompanied by avalanches of incandescent volcanic blocks towards several ravines.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

22 December-28 December 2004 Cite this Report

On 22 December a narrow lava flow on Fuego's S flank reached a distance of ~200 m from the central crater. Many small block-lava avalanches traveled SW towards the Taniluyá River. The Washington VAAC reported that steam-and-ash emissions on 23 December rose to ~4.5 km a.s.l.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

15 December-21 December 2004 Cite this Report

During 15-21 December, several small incandescent avalanches of volcanic material at Fuego traveled mainly SW toward the Taniluyá ravine. Around 20 December a narrow lava flow began to be emitted from the S edge of the volcano's central crater.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

8 December-14 December 2004 Cite this Report

Several small explosions occurred at Fuego during 8-14 December, producing plumes that rose to ~600 m above the volcano. During the report period, small avalanches of volcanic blocks traveled towards Taniluyá, Ceniza, and Santa Teresa ravines.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

1 December-7 December 2004 Cite this Report

There were several small explosions at Fuego during 1-7 December. During the report period, small avalanches of volcanic blocks traveled in the direction of Taniluyá and Santa Teresa ravines. On the evening of 2 December, a thin lava flow traveled about 100 m SSW of the central crater.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

24 November-30 November 2004 Cite this Report

During 24-26 November there were several explosions at Fuego. On 25 and 26 November ash plumes from these explosions rose to low levels above the volcano. Incandescent lava was hurled ~100 m above the volcano and avalanches of block lava traveled towards the Taniluyá and Ceniza ravines.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

17 November-23 November 2004 Cite this Report

During the report period, avalanches of incandescent volcanic material continued towards the Lajas and Taniluyá ravines on the volcano's SE and SW flanks. Small and moderate explosions expelled abundant incandescent lava to heights ~150 m above the crater. Some explosions generated rumblings, shock waves, and fine ash that was deposited on the skirts of the volcano. Near the end of the report period, the energy level of the eruption lowered, especially the flow of lava towards the Lajas ravine.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

10 November-16 November 2004 Cite this Report

During 10-15 November, avalanches of incandescent volcanic material continued towards the major ravines on the volcano's flanks. Avalanches occurred from the fronts of the lava flows. Sounds like that of a locomotive or airplane turbine were heard emanating from the active crater. Small explosions expelled incandescent lava to heights of 75-100 m above the crater. Steam plumes from fumarolic activity reach heights of ~500-600 m above the crater, extending ~4-7 km to the S and SW.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

3 November-9 November 2004 Cite this Report

During 3-5 November, avalanches of incandescent volcanic material traveled 600-800 m towards the Taniluyá and Ceniza ravines on the volcano's flanks. The avalanches originated from two areas about 20 m below the S edge of Fuego's crater. A few explosions produced low-level plumes. During an eruptive pulse beginning around 0026 on 7 November two lava flows were emitted. Avalanches occurred from the fronts of the lava flows. A ~30-m-high scoria cone was formed in the SW part of the central crater.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

27 October-2 November 2004 Cite this Report

During 28-29 October, several weak explosions at Fuego sent plumes to a maximum height of 300 m above the volcano and volcanic bombs were sometimes thrown ~75 m above the volcano's crater. In addition, avalanches of incandescent volcanic material traveled ~600 m towards the ravine of the Ceniza River.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

20 October-26 October 2004 Cite this Report

During 21-22 October, several weak explosions at Fuego sent plumes to a maximum height of ~300 m above the volcano. In addition, avalanches of incandescent volcanic material traveled towards the ravines of Taniluyá and Ceniza on the volcano's flanks. The avalanches originated from two areas about 20 m below the S edge of Fuego's crater.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

13 October-19 October 2004 Cite this Report

During 14-18 October, several weak explosions at Fuego sent plumes to a maximum height of 800 m above the volcano and volcanic bombs were sometimes thrown 75-100 m above the volcano's crater. In addition, avalanches of incandescent volcanic material traveled towards the ravines of Taniluyá, Ceniza, and Trinidad on the volcano's flanks.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

6 October-12 October 2004 Cite this Report

During the evening of 9 October, a narrow lava flow traveled ~800 m down Fuego's SSW flank towards the head of the Taniluyá River. A small sustained lava fountain reached ~75 m above the volcano during the evening of 10 October. On 12 October, a narrow lava flow traveled ~400 m from an area about 20 m below the S edge of the crater. Small avalanches occurred from the lava-flow fronts. Six explosions produced plumes to ~600 m above the volcano's summit. A small lahar traveled towards the Zanjón Barranca Seca Ravine.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

29 September-5 October 2004 Cite this Report

During 30 September to 4 October several explosions occurred at Fuego, producing ash plumes to a maximum height of 2 km above the volcano. On 30 September, lava avalanches traveled towards Santa Teresa and Taniluya ravines. On 1 October, incandescent lava bombs were hurled ~100 m above the volcano.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

22 September-28 September 2004 Cite this Report

Weak explosions at Fuego on 21 September produced white plumes to ~200 m above the volcano. During 25-26 September, several moderate explosions emitted incandescent lava bombs to heights of ~150 m and plumes to 600-900 m above the volcano. The explosions were accompanied by avalanches of volcanic material that traveled W to the head of Santa Teresa Ravine.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

15 September-21 September 2004 Cite this Report

Ten explosions on 16 September sent ash columns ~400-600 m high; three ejected incandescent lava and caused block avalanches. White fumarolic plumes typically rose 300-500 m. Similar activity was observed through the 20th. Overnight on 19-20 September weak incandescence was seen from the crater. The highest plume during this period rose ~900 m.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

8 September-14 September 2004 Cite this Report

During 8-13 September, small explosions at Fuego produced low-level plumes and avalanches of volcanic blocks traveled down the volcano's flanks. On 12 September a small lahar occurred down the volcano's flank.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

1 September-7 September 2004 Cite this Report

During 2-3 September, small explosions at Fuego produced low-level plumes and avalanches of volcanic blocks traveled down the volcano's flanks. On 4 September a small lahar flowed down the volcano's S flank, partially blocking a road.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

25 August-31 August 2004 Cite this Report

During 30 August to 1 September, several small explosions at Fuego produced plumes to low levels.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

18 August-24 August 2004 Cite this Report

During 18-23 August, many weak-to-moderate explosions occurred at Fuego. The explosions expelled lava blocks to ~100 m above the crater and plumes rose to a maximum height of 0.5 km above the crater. Avalanches of incandescent volcanic material traveled to the mouths of several ravines on the volcano's flanks.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

11 August-17 August 2004 Cite this Report

During 11-16 August, dozens of weak-to-moderate explosions occurred at Fuego. The explosions expelled lava blocks to ~75 m above the crater and plumes rose to a maximum height of 1.2 km above the crater. Avalanches of incandescent volcanic material traveled to the mouths of several ravines on the volcano's flanks.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

21 July-27 July 2004 Cite this Report

A series of strong explosions at Fuego on 21 July during 0630-0950 produced ash plumes to a height of ~2 km above the volcano. Plumes traveled W, SW, and S, depositing ash in several villages near the volcano. Small incandescent avalanches of volcanic material traveled to the mouths of several ravines. Ash emissions and avalanches continued through 27 July.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

14 July-20 July 2004 Cite this Report

During 14-19 July, explosions at Fuego produced plumes to a maximum height of ~1.5 km a.s.l. and avalanches of volcanic material traveled down several ravines flanking the volcano.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

7 July-13 July 2004 Cite this Report

On 7 July, an explosion from Fuego generated an avalanche of lava fragments near the headwaters of Santa Teresa ravine. Forty-three weak to moderate explosions were observed during 10-11 July; the explosions produced ashy plumes less than 2 km above the ground that were blown west-southwest at least 20 km from the volcano.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

30 June-6 July 2004 Cite this Report

During 1-6 July, small explosions at Fuego produced plumes to ~1.4 km above the volcano that predominately drifted SW. Occasional avalanches of volcanic material traveled down ravines flanking the volcano.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

23 June-29 June 2004 Cite this Report

On 28 and 29 June, small explosions at Fuego produced plumes to ~0.8 km above the volcano that predominately drifted SW. Incandescence was visible in the crater at night.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

2 June-8 June 2004 Cite this Report

On 1 June, five moderately strong explosions occurred at Fuego with gas-and-ash plumes rising up to 2 km above the summit. Incandescent avalanches of material from these explosions occurred in the Santa Teresa and Río Taniluyá ravines. This pulse of activity was preceded by half an hour and followed by two hours of explosions producing steam plumes rising up to ~0.5 km above the summit. On 6 June, frequent small explosions produced gas plumes that rose to ~0.5 km above the summit and less frequent explosions produced gas-and-ash plumes that rose to ~1.0 km above the summit. Incandescent avalanches from these explosions occurred in the Santa Teresa and Ceniza ravines. A hot lahar, followed 45 minutes later by a smaller lahar, occurred in the Zanjón Barranca Seca ravine on 6 June. Moderate explosions continued on 7 June, producing small gas-and-ash plumes to ~0.5 km above the summit.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

26 May-1 June 2004 Cite this Report

During 31 May to 1 June moderate volcanic and seismic activity continued at Fuego, with several explosions producing ash plumes. The highest rising plume reached ~1.5 km above the volcano on 31 May. This explosion also produced avalanches of volcanic material down the ravines of Taniluyá and Santa Teresa.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

19 May-25 May 2004 Cite this Report

During 18-21 May, moderate volcanic activity continued at Fuego. Several explosions produced ash plumes, with the highest one reaching ~1.2 km above the volcano on 20 May. On 21 May, avalanches of incandescent volcanic material traveled toward the ravines of Seca (to the W) and Taniluya (to the SW).

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

12 May-18 May 2004 Cite this Report

During 10-17 May, moderate volcanic activity continued at Fuego. Several explosions produced ash plumes, with the highest one reaching ~1.8 km above the volcano on 13 May. Explosions on 13 May at 0411 and 0618 emitted incandescent volcanic material ~150 m. In addition, a lahar traveled W toward Seca Ravine.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

5 May-11 May 2004 Cite this Report

During 5-7 May, explosions at Fuego produced gas-and-ash clouds. On 5 May a small lahar travel W down Seca Ravine.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

28 April-4 May 2004 Cite this Report

During 28 April to 4 May, explosions at Fuego produced gas-and-ash clouds. On 28 April, an explosion produced an ash plume to ~1.5 km above the volcano, and ash was deposited ~4 km SW of the volcano in the villages of Panimaché I and Panimaché II. In addition, a small avalanche of volcanic material traveled W toward Santa Teresa Ravine.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

21 April-27 April 2004 Cite this Report

During 22-27 April, weak explosions at Fuego produced gas-and-steam clouds to ~1 km above the volcano. In addition, small avalanches of volcanic material occasionally traveled W toward Santa Teresa Ravine.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

14 April-20 April 2004 Cite this Report

On 16 April, a 5.5-km-wide gas-and-ash plume from Fuego rose to ~6 km a.s.l. and was dispersed to the S. During 18-19 April, small eruptions hurled incandescent material up to 50 m above the vent.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

7 April-13 April 2004 Cite this Report

On 12 April weak-to-moderate explosions at Fuego produced plumes to 0.3-1 km above the volcano. Lava flowed 75-100 m from the central crater and avalanches of volcanic material traveled as far as 400 m towards Santa Teresa and Taniluyá ravines.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

31 March-6 April 2004 Cite this Report

During 31 March to 6 April, weak-to-moderate explosions continued at Fuego. The highest rising ash plume produced from the explosions reached ~1.2 km above the volcano on 5 April and drifted SSE. Lahars flowed down Seca Ravine on 30 March, and near the village of Sangre de Cristo on 3 April. During the report period, incandescent avalanches of volcanic material traveled down several ravines, including Santa Teresa, Ceniza, and Taniluyá.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

24 March-30 March 2004 Cite this Report

During 24-30 March, sporadic weak explosions and three strong explosions were recorded at Fuego. On 26 March a strong explosion produced an ash plume that reached ~1 km above the vent and caused incandescent avalanches in the Zanjón Barranca Seca and Trinidad ravines. On 29 March two explosions within 7 minutes produced gas-and-ash plumes that reached heights of ~1 km above the vent. A lahar occurred on 29 March in the Zanjón Barranca Seca ravine.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

17 March-23 March 2004 Cite this Report

During 16-23 March moderate-to-strong explosions continued at Fuego, producing ash plumes to a maximum height of 1.3 km above the volcano. On 16 March ash fell in the village of Morelia. Explosions during 17-19 March produced incandescent avalanches of volcanic material that traveled down the Seca Ravine. During the report period, ash fell in the village of Sangre de Cristo.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

10 March-16 March 2004 Cite this Report

During 9-15 March, moderate-to-strong explosions continued at Fuego, producing ash plumes to a maximum height of 1.7 km above the volcano. Incandescent avalanches of volcanic material traveled as far as 600 m down ravines on the volcano's W, SW, and S flanks and ash fell in villages from Sangre de Cristo to Panimaché.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

3 March-9 March 2004 Cite this Report

During 4-8 March, moderate-to-strong explosions at Fuego produced plumes to ~1.5 km above the volcano. On 5, 7, and 8 March avalanches of incandescent volcanic material traveled as far as 1.5 km down several ravines, including Seca, Taniluyá, Ceniza, and Trinidad. Explosions on the 7th and 8th deposited ash 6-10 km from the volcano, including in the villages of Sangre de Cristo and Panimaché.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

25 February-2 March 2004 Cite this Report

During 25 February to 2 March weak-to-moderate explosions continued at Fuego, producing plumes to ~1.7 km above the crater. Avalanches of volcanic material traveled down several ravines, including Trinidad, Ceniza, Santa Teresa, and Taniluyá (to the W). Explosions on 28 February deposited small amounts of fine ash in the village of Sangre de Cristo, and explosions on 29 February deposited ash W and SW of the volcano in the villages of Yepocapa and La Cruz.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

18 February-24 February 2004 Cite this Report

During 18-19 February, several moderate-to-strong explosions at Fuego produced ash plumes to 0.8-1.5 km above the crater. The explosions also produced landslides of incandescent volcanic material that traveled down several ravines: Seca (to the SW), Taniluyá (to the W), Trinidad, Ceniza, and sometimes towards Las Lajas-El Jute. Small amounts of fine ash were deposited to the W in the village of Sangre de Cristo. On 22 and 23 February explosions continued, sending plumes to 1.8 km above the crater. Ash fell in the communities of La Rochela, Ceilán, El Zapote, and Guadalupe.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Siglo XXI News; Prensa Libre

11 February-17 February 2004 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that during 11-16 February several moderate-to-strong explosions occurred at Fuego, producing gas-and-ash plumes to 1.6 km above the crater. Incandescent avalanches traveled a maximum distance of 1 km down several ravines, including Trinidad and Taniluyá to the SW, Seca to the W, Ceniza, and Lajas. During 11-12 February, ash fell in the villages of Panimaché and Sangre de Cristo. According to the Washington VAAC, on 14 February ash was visible on satellite imagery at a height of ~3.5 km above the volcano.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

4 February-10 February 2004 Cite this Report

Explosions at Fuego on 8 February produced incandescent avalanches that traveled toward the Seca (to the W), Trinidad, and Taniluyá (to the SW) ravines. Several moderate-to-strong explosions on 9 February produced ash-and-gas plumes that rose to heights of 800-1,500 m above the volcano and drifted W and S. Ash fell as far as 15 km from the volcano, including in the town of Sangre de Cristo and in several ranches (locally termed fincas) in the area. According to the Washington VAAC, on 9 and 10 February small ash plumes were visible on satellite imagery.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

28 January-3 February 2004 Cite this Report

During 28 January to 2 February, small-to-moderate explosions occurred at Fuego. The highest rising ash plume was produced from an explosion on 29 January. The plume reached ~1.1 km above the crater and was accompanied by avalanches of volcanic material down Barranca Seca. A small amount of ash fell in Panimaché village and possibly in Santa Sofía. On 31 January two small collapses in the S edge of the central crater produced small avalanches of lava blocks.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

21 January-27 January 2004 Cite this Report

On the evening of 22 January two strong explosions at Fuego sent incandescent avalanches a maximum distance of 1 km toward Zanjón Barranca Seca, La Trinidad, and Río Ceniza ravines. The resultant plume rose ~1.5 km above the crater and drifted SSW. No ash fell in populated regions. During the rest of 21-27 January, weak-to-moderate explosions occurred, sending plumes to ~700 m above the crater.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

7 January-13 January 2004 Cite this Report

An ash emission from Fuego on 8 January around 1500 rose to ~3 km above the volcano. According to news reports, 25-30 explosions occurred per minute and were accompanied by loud rumbling noises. No evacuations were ordered. Plumes and a relatively strong hotspot were visible on satellite imagery.

Sources: Associated Press; Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Prensa Libre

31 December-6 January 2004 Cite this Report

During 1-5 January, lava emitted from Fuego flowed 70-100 m from the crater. Avalanches from the lava-flow fronts traveled W toward Santa Teresa ravine and toward Trinidad ravine. Seismic stations on the volcano recorded almost continuous harmonic tremor with moderate frequency and amplitude.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

24 December-30 December 2003 Cite this Report

On 30 December, small-to-moderate explosions produced plumes containing little ash that rose to low levels above Fuego. Ash from the explosions was deposited around the volcano's edifice. Small avalanches of volcanic material traveled W toward Santa Teresa ravine and toward Trinidad ravine.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

17 December-23 December 2003 Cite this Report

During 18-22 December, moderate explosions at Fuego produced low-level ash plumes that drifted SE and W. Avalanches of volcanic material traveled down the volcano's W and SW flanks toward Taniluya and Santa Teresa ravines.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

10 December-16 December 2003 Cite this Report

During 10-16 December, weak explosions at Fuego continued to produce ash clouds that rose 200-1,000 m above the volcano. Explosions and avalanches on 16 December sent volcanic material W and SW towards Taniluya and Santa Teresa ravines. Civil Aeronautics recommended that airplanes avoid the area near the volcano due to ash in the atmosphere.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

3 December-9 December 2003 Cite this Report

During 7-9 December, moderate to strong explosions at Fuego expelled ash up to 0.5 km above the crater. The ash was distributed to the N. Incandescent avalanches were observed in the Santa Teresa and Taniluyá ravines.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

26 November-2 December 2003 Cite this Report

During 28 November to 1 December, moderate-to-weak explosions at Fuego produced gas-and-ash plumes to heights of 700-900 m above the volcano. The explosions were accompanied by avalanches of volcanic material that traveled towards Teresa, Taniluyá, and Trinidad ravines. On the evening of 1 December, incandescence was seen in the ravines and in the active central crater. During the report period, continuous harmonic tremor was recorded.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

19 November-25 November 2003 Cite this Report

Small explosive eruptions at Fuego produced gas-and-ash plumes up to 1.2 km above the crater. During the night of 18-19 November moderate-sized avalanches were observed in the upper Santa Teresa and Trinidad ravines. Night-time incandescence at the summit was common during the week. Periods of harmonic tremor, lasting between 0.5-3 hours, were recorded on 23 November, and almost continuous harmonic tremor was recorded for a period of 21 hours on 24 November.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

5 November-11 November 2003 Cite this Report

On the night of 4 November observers saw crater glow and incandescent avalanches. Some incandescent avalanches descended into local valleys. Earlier that day moderate exposions prevailed, throwing material 150 m above the crater's rim. The explosions generated shock waves audible at distance.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

15 October-21 October 2003 Cite this Report

A 33-minute-long explosive eruption began at Fuego on 17 October at 0007, producing a gas-and-ash plume to ~1.5 km above the crater. This eruption was preceded and followed by small explosions and seismicity. During one of these earthquakes a small incandescent avalanche descended the Santa Teresa ravine.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

8 October-14 October 2003 Cite this Report

On 9 October a pilot saw ash emitted from Fuego that reached a height of ~4.6 a.s.l. No ash was visible on satellite imagery.

Source: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

24 September-30 September 2003 Cite this Report

Ash plumes emitted from Fuego were visible on satellite imagery on 28 September. The first emission occurred around 0500 and produced an ash plume that covered an area of 5 x 5 km and drifted S. It was no longer visible by 0800. A second ash emission between 0815 and 0832 rose to ~ 6 km a.s.l. Ash was no longer visible on satellite imagery by 1445.

Source: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

9 July-15 July 2003 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported to the Washington VAAC that on 9 July at 0530 Fuego's lava dome collapsed, producing pyroclastic flows. After the collapse, strong explosions sent ash to ~2 km above the volcano's summit. Ash clouds drifted W and ash fell in communities W and SE of the summit. An ash cloud was visible on satellite imagery.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Prensa Libre

2 July-8 July 2003 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that the eruption at Fuego on 29 June during 1745-2200 consisted mainly of lava flows and avalanches of volcanic material traveling down the volcano's E flank. Incandescence was visible from the city of Antigua and the S coast. Ash fell in villages W and SE of the volcano, including San Pedro Yepocapa. Explosions and tremor were recorded by a seismic station. After the eruption, weak-to-moderate explosions at Fuego produced ash clouds to ~900 m above the volcano and seismographs mainly recorded tremor. Pyroclastic-flow material extended ~1.5 km down the volcano's W flank. Fuego was at Alert Level Yellow and pilots were advised to avoid flying near the volcano.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

25 June-1 July 2003 Cite this Report

Based on information from INSIVUMEH, the Washington VAAC reported that a moderate eruption began at Fuego on 29 June at 1700. Lava flows were seen, and ash fell S and SW of the volcano. As of 30 June lava flows were still visible, an ash plume was W of the summit, and seismicity was at low levels. Both days a hot spot was visible on satellite imagery, but an ash cloud could not be distinguished from abundant meteorological clouds in the area.

Source: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

30 April-6 May 2003 Cite this Report

At the end of April U.S. Air Force meteorologists used GOES-12 imagery to describe a thin plume of Fuego's ash that rose to ~7 km a.s.l. and blew SW at 20-30 km/hour. The ash plume was visible for over an hour. On 2 May the Washington VAAC reported that Fuego discharged small eruptions, with most ash remaining near the summit and little if any ash clearly visible on satellite imagery.

Sources: US Air Force Weather Agency; Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

23 April-29 April 2003 Cite this Report

The Washington VAAC reported that on 28 April Fuego produced intermittent ash eruptions. One cloud was observed at ~ 7 km a.s.l., traveling SW at 19-29 km per hour. Although remote sensing was complicated by poor visibility due to high cirrus clouds and smoke from fires, some eruptive puffs remained recognizable when they blew over the coast.

Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH); Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

15 January-21 January 2003 Cite this Report

INSIVUMEH reported that as of 19 January moderate eruptions continued at Fuego that produced ash clouds to 2 km above the summit. Ash drifted to the S and SW, depositing fine ash in the areas of Rocela, Panimache, and Palo Verde. In addition, incandescent avalanches traveled down canyons on the volcano's flanks.

Sources: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

8 January-14 January 2003 Cite this Report

The Washington VAAC reported that an eruption began at Fuego on 8 January around 0500. According to INSIVUMEH, as of 1100 that day the eruption continued with ash explosions and lava flow emission. A steam-and-ash column rose 5.7 km a.s.l. and drifted to the W. In addition, two small-to-moderate pyroclastic flows traveled down the drainage of the Santa Teresa River Valley. CONRED stated that the Alert Level was raised to Orange and several people were evacuated from the town of Sangre de Cristo. According to a news report volcanism decreased the following day, so the Alert Level was lowered from Orange to Yellow.

Sources: Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED); EFE News Service; Prensa Libre; Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC); Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

24 December-30 December 2002 Cite this Report

An explosive eruption and partial crater collapse occurred at Fuego on 26 December around 0905. An ash cloud was generated that reached ~2 km above the volcano and drifted W toward the Yepocapa region. Neither damage nor injuries were reported.

Sources: Prensa Libre; EFE News Service; Siglo XXI News

14 August-20 August 2002 Cite this Report

A new cycle of eruptive activity began at Fuego on 16 July that consisted of an increase in Strombolian explosions and the occurrence of high-frequency volcanic tremor for 24 hours. On 28 July a thick gray ash cloud extended 10-15 km in length and drifted to the W. Ash was deposited in the areas of Rochela, Panimaché, Morelia, Santa Sofía, Yepocàpa, and Chimaltenango. This activity was associated with the collapse of the front of a lava flow, which began on 23 January. On 29 July an increase in seismic activity was recorded, the energy of explosions in the crater increased, and there was a 2- to 3-km-long lava flow. On 2 August explosions changed from Strombolian to Vulcanian, ash columns rose 800-1,400 m above the crater, and avalanches of volcanic blocks traveled down the volcano's flanks. The same day, gas emission from the crater decreased significantly, and the SE lava flow did not travel as quickly as it had previously.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

13 February-19 February 2002 Cite this Report

Volcanism increased at Fuego on 12 February, with a ~2-km-long lava flow streaming down its flank towards an unpopulated area. Several shelters have been set up in case lava flows travel towards populated areas or volcanism increases. The volcano remained at Alert Level Yellow.

Source: UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

30 January-5 February 2002 Cite this Report

Based on information from INSIVUMEH, the Washington VAAC reported that on 1 February at 0930 ash, steam, and lava were emitted from Fuego. An ash-and-steam cloud rose to ~4.5 km a.s.l. and drifted to the SW. No ash was seen on satellite imagery, but a hotspot was visible on infrared imagery.

Source: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

23 January-29 January 2002 Cite this Report

Observations in late January revealed that Fuego was erupting a lava flow down its E flank. The flow stretched several hundred meters below the summit before falling apart on steep slopes. The toe of the flow calved off about once a minute, but the volume of material was not sufficient to generate pyroclastic flows. No explosive activity was observed and only low-level tremor was recorded. Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED) and INSIVUMEH are monitoring the situation at the volcano.

Source: US Geological Survey

9 January-15 January 2002 Cite this Report

An eruption began at Fuego on 4 January during 0200-0300. A probable explosion was followed by Strombolian-type ejections and continuous tremor. No lava flows were visible. Until at least 9 January intermittent mild-to-moderate explosions produced ash clouds that rose 400-600 m above the cone.

Source: US Geological Survey

6 December-12 December 2000 Cite this Report

The Washington VAAC reported that a small eruption at approximately 1645 on 9 December sent ash to ~ 4 km a.s.l. (near-summit level). The small ash cloud drifted to the W and NW, was initially dense, and rapidly dissipated so that it was no longer visible on satellite imagery by 2345. Throughout the day, occasional strong hot spots were visible on GOES-8 multi-spectral imagery. According to the Washington VAAC, on the evening of 9 December a volcanologist with INSIVUMEH in Guatemala stated that Fuego had shown increased instability with several explosions. The last reported eruption of Fuego sent ash to ~4 km a.s.l on 29 August 2000.

Source: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

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