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Volcanoes in the Eastern Pacific Volcanic Regions

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Ecuador

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Fernandina

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Barcena

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Mauna Kea

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Kilauea

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Fernandina

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Cerro Azul

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Kilauea

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Kilauea

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Kilauea

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Marchena

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Santiago

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Kilauea

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Ecuador

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Darwin

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Kilauea

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Kilauea

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Cerro Azul

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Mauna Loa

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Barcena

  • Current

Additional information about the Volcanic Regions in this group and a map display is still being prepared.

There are 47 Holocene volcanoes in the Eastern Pacific Volcanic Regions.

Galapagos Rift Volcanic Province

Volcano Name Country Last Eruption Volcanic Landform
Galapagos Rift Ecuador 1996 CE Cluster

Galapagos Hotspot Volcano Group

Volcano Name Country Last Eruption Volcanic Landform
Fernandina Ecuador 2024 CE Shield
Ecuador Ecuador 1150 CE Shield
Wolf Ecuador 2022 CE Shield
Darwin Ecuador 1813 CE Shield
Alcedo Ecuador 1993 CE Shield
Sierra Negra Ecuador 2018 CE Shield
Cerro Azul Ecuador 2008 CE Shield
Pinta Ecuador 1928 CE Shield
Marchena Ecuador 1991 CE Shield
Genovesa Ecuador Unknown Shield
Santiago Ecuador 1906 CE Shield
Santa Cruz Ecuador Unknown Shield
San Cristobal Ecuador Unknown Shield

Northern East Pacific Rise Volcanic Province

Volcano Name Country Last Eruption Volcanic Landform
Northern EPR at 17°N Mexico 50 BCE Cluster
Northern EPR at 16°N Mexico 50 BCE Cluster
Northern EPR at 10.7°N Undersea Features 2003 CE Cluster
Northern EPR at 9.8°N Undersea Features 2006 CE Cluster

Mathematicians Ridge Volcanic Province

Volcano Name Country Last Eruption Volcanic Landform
Barcena Mexico 1953 CE Minor
Socorro Mexico 1994 CE Shield

Gulf of California Rift Volcanic Province

Volcano Name Country Last Eruption Volcanic Landform
Salton Buttes United States 210 CE Minor (Silicic)
Cerro Prieto Mexico Unknown Minor
Isla San Luis Mexico 1141 BCE Minor (Silicic)
Jaraguay Volcanic Field Mexico Unknown Cluster
San Borja Volcanic Field Mexico Unknown Cluster
Isla Tortuga Mexico Unknown Shield
Comondu-La Purisima Mexico Unknown Cluster

Hawaiian-Emperor Hotspot Volcano Group

Volcano Name Country Last Eruption Volcanic Landform
Kama'ehuakanaloa United States 1996 CE Shield
Kilauea United States 2024 CE Shield
Mauna Loa United States 2022 CE Shield
Mauna Kea United States 2460 BCE Shield
Hualalai United States 1801 CE Shield
Haleakala United States 1750 CE Shield

Northeast Pacific Rifts Volcanic Province

Volcano Name Country Last Eruption Volcanic Landform
East Blanco Depression Undersea Features Unknown Cluster
North Gorda Ridge Segment United States 1996 CE Cluster
Jackson Segment United States Unknown Cluster
Escanaba Segment United States 2260 BCE Cluster
West Valley Segment Canada Unknown Cluster
Endeavour Segment Canada 3490 BCE Cluster
Cobb Segment Canada 1180 BCE Cluster
CoAxial Segment Undersea Features 1993 CE Cluster
Axial Seamount Undersea Features 2015 CE Cluster
Cleft Segment Undersea Features 1986 CE Cluster

Chronological listings of known Holocene eruptions (confirmed or uncertain) from volcanoes in the Eastern Pacific Volcanic Regions. Bolded eruptions indicate current continuing activity as of 16 August 2024.

Cocos Ridge Volcanic Province

The Global Volcanism Program is not aware of any confirmed Holocene eruptions in this region.

Galapagos Rift Volcanic Province

Volcano Name Start Date Stop Date Certainty VEI Evidence
Galapagos Rift 1996 Jul 2 ± 6 years ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galapagos Rift 1972 Jun 29 ± 1 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported

Galapagos Hotspot Volcano Group

Volcano Name Start Date Stop Date Certainty VEI Evidence
Fernandina 2024 Mar 2 2024 May 8 Confirmed   Observations: Satellite (visual)
Wolf 2022 Jan 6 2022 Apr 14 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 2020 Jan 12 2020 Jan 13 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sierra Negra 2018 Jun 26 2018 Aug 23 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 2018 Jun 16 2018 Jun 21 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 2017 Sep 4 2017 Sep 8 ± 1 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Wolf 2015 May 25 2015 Jul 16 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 2009 Apr 10 2009 Apr 28 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Azul 2008 May 29 2008 Jun 17 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sierra Negra 2005 Oct 22 2005 Oct 30 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 2005 May 13 2005 May 29 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Azul 1998 Sep 15 1998 Oct 21 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 1995 Jan 25 1995 Apr 8 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Alcedo 1993 Dec 5 ± 20 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Marchena 1991 Sep 25 1991 Nov 16 (?) ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 1991 Apr 19 1991 Apr 24 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 1988 Sep 14 1988 Sep 16 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 1984 Mar 30 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Wolf 1982 Aug 28 1982 Sep 6 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 1981 Aug 1 ± 270 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sierra Negra 1979 Nov 13 1980 Jan 14 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Azul 1979 Jan 29 1979 Mar 4 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 1978 Aug 8 1978 Aug 26 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 1977 Mar 23 1977 Mar 27 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 1973 Dec 9 1973 Dec 16 ± 1 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Wolf [1973 Oct 25] [1973 Oct 29] Uncertain  
Fernandina 1972 Jun 4 ± 45 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Azul [1968 Jun 12] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Fernandina 1968 Jun 11 1968 Jul 4 (in or before) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 1968 May 21 1968 May 23 ± 1 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sierra Negra 1963 Apr 13 1963 May 16 ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Wolf 1963 Mar 4 1963 Mar 16 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 1961 Mar 21 ± 1 days 1961 Sep 16 ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Azul 1959 Jun 29 1959 Jul 31 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 1958 Sep 16 (?) ± 15 days 1958 Dec 30 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sierra Negra 1957 Jul 2 ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Unknown
Sierra Negra 1954 Nov 9 Unknown Confirmed   Unknown
Sierra Negra 1953 Aug 27 1954 Jan 16 ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Alcedo 1953 Jul 2 ± 7 years ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Azul 1951 Jul 2 ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Azul 1949 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sierra Negra 1948 Aug 1949 Feb (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Azul 1948 Jun 30 ± 30 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Wolf 1948 Jan 24 1948 Jan 31 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Azul 1943 Apr 13 ± 2 days 1943 May 11 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Azul 1940 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Wolf 1938 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 1937 Mar 1937 Apr Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Wolf 1935 Feb Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Wolf 1933 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Azul 1932 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Pinta 1928 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 1927 Dec 13 (in or before) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 1926 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Wolf 1925 Apr 11 1926 Mar 26 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 1917 May 14 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sierra Negra 1911 Dec 31 ± 365 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Santiago 1904 1906 Dec 15 ± 45 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Santiago 1897 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 1888 Apr 10 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sierra Negra 1860 Unknown Confirmed   Unknown
Wolf 1859 Aug 26 1859 Aug 29 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Azul 1850 (after) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure
Wolf 1849 Sep 27 1849 Sep 27 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 1846 Nov 6 (in or before) 1846 Nov 24 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sierra Negra 1844 Unknown Confirmed   Unknown
Fernandina 1825 Feb 14 1825 Oct (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 1819 May 15 1819 May 18 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 1817 (in or before) Unknown Confirmed   Unknown
Sierra Negra 1817 Unknown Confirmed   Unknown
Fernandina 1814 Jul 1814 Aug Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fernandina 1813 Jul 14 (in or before) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sierra Negra 1813 Jul 13 Unknown Confirmed   Unknown
Darwin 1813 Jun 6 1813 Jun 7 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Wolf 1800 Aug 21 1800 Aug 21 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Wolf 1797 Aug Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Santiago 1759 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Anthropology
Fernandina 1550 (after) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure
Wolf 1450 (after) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure
Sierra Negra 1350 ± 500 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure
Cerro Azul 1250 (after) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure
Darwin 1150 ± 300 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure
Fernandina 1150 (after) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure
Ecuador 1150 (after) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure
Sierra Negra 1060 ± 500 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure
Wolf 0950 (after) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure
Fernandina 0950 ± 500 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure
Sierra Negra 0370 ± 1100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure
Darwin 0210 ± 500 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure
Wolf 0150 ± 800 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure
Cerro Azul 0550 BCE ± 1300 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure
Cerro Azul 0950 BCE ± 900 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure
Sierra Negra 1250 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Sierra Negra 8250 BCE ± 1600 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure

Northern East Pacific Rise Volcanic Province

Volcano Name Start Date Stop Date Certainty VEI Evidence
Northern EPR at 9.8°N 2005 Aug 16 (?) ± 15 days 2006 Jan 16 (?) ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Northern EPR at 10.7°N 2003 May 31 (?) ± 30 days 2003 Oct 15 ± 21 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Northern EPR at 9.8°N 1991 Dec 1 ± 30 days 1992 Feb 4 ± 30 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Northern EPR at 9.8°N 1991 Mar 16 (?) ± 15 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Northern EPR at 9.8°N 1988 Jul 2 ± 1 years ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Northern EPR at 9.8°N 1950 Jul 2 (?) ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Magnetism
Northern EPR at 9.8°N 1875 (in or before) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Magnetism
Northern EPR at 9.8°N 1650 ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Uranium-series
Northern EPR at 9.8°N 1600 ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Uranium-series
Northern EPR at 9.8°N 1200 ± 300 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Uranium-series
Northern EPR at 9.8°N 0950 ± 2000 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Uranium-series
Northern EPR at 9.8°N 0850 ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Uranium-series
Northern EPR at 17°N 0050 BCE ± 1000 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Magnetism
Northern EPR at 16°N 0050 BCE ± 1000 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Magnetism
Northern EPR at 9.8°N 0050 BCE ± 2000 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Uranium-series
Northern EPR at 9.8°N 1050 BCE ± 2000 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Uranium-series
Northern EPR at 9.8°N 2050 BCE ± 2000 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Uranium-series
Northern EPR at 9.8°N 3050 BCE ± 2000 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Uranium-series
Northern EPR at 9.8°N 4050 BCE ± 2000 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Uranium-series
Northern EPR at 9.8°N 5050 BCE ± 8000 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Uranium-series

Mathematicians Ridge Volcanic Province

Volcano Name Start Date Stop Date Certainty VEI Evidence
Socorro 1993 Jan 29 1994 Feb 24 ± 4 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Barcena 1952 Aug 1 1953 Feb 24 ± 4 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Socorro 1951 May 22 1951 May 22 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Socorro [1905 Jan] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Socorro [1896] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Socorro [1848] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Socorro 3090 BCE ± 500 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)

Gulf of California Rift Volcanic Province

Volcano Name Start Date Stop Date Certainty VEI Evidence
Tres Virgenes [1857] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Tres Virgenes [1746 May 25 ± 15 days] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Salton Buttes 0210 ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Magnetism
Salton Buttes 0010 ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Magnetism
Salton Buttes 0290 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Magnetism
Isla San Luis 1141 BCE ± 203 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Isla San Luis 1212 BCE ± 127 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Isla San Luis 2647 BCE ± 128 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)

Hawaiian-Emperor Hotspot Volcano Group

Volcano Name Start Date Stop Date Certainty VEI Evidence
Kilauea 2024 Jun 3 2024 Jun 3 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 2022 Nov 27 2022 Dec 10 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 2021 Sep 29 2023 Sep 16 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 2020 Dec 20 2021 May 23 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kama'ehuakanaloa 1996 Feb 25 ± 30 days 1996 Aug 9 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kama'ehuakanaloa [1986 Sep 20] [1986 Sep 20] Uncertain  
Kama'ehuakanaloa [1984 Nov 11] [1985 Jan 21] Uncertain  
Mauna Loa 1984 Mar 25 1984 Apr 15 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1983 Jan 3 2018 Sep 5 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1982 Sep 25 1982 Sep 26 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1982 Apr 30 1982 May 1 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1980 Mar 11 1980 Mar 11 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1979 Nov 16 1979 Nov 17 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1977 Sep 13 1977 Oct 1 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1975 Nov 29 1975 Nov 29 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kama'ehuakanaloa [1975 Aug 24 (?)] [1975 Nov 16 ± 15 days] Uncertain  
Mauna Loa 1975 Jul 5 1975 Jul 6 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1974 Dec 31 1974 Dec 31 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kama'ehuakanaloa [1971 Sep 17] [1972 Sep 16 ± 15 days] Uncertain  
Kilauea 1969 Feb 22 1974 Sep 19 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1967 Nov 5 1968 Oct 22 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1965 Dec 24 1965 Dec 25 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1965 Mar 5 1965 Mar 15 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1963 Aug 21 1963 Oct 6 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1962 Dec 7 1962 Dec 9 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1961 Jul 10 1961 Sep 24 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1961 Feb 24 1961 Mar 25 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1959 Nov 14 1960 Feb 19 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kaena [1956 May 22] [1956 May 23] Uncertain  
Kilauea 1955 Feb 28 1955 May 26 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1954 May 31 1954 Jun 3 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1952 Jun 27 1952 Nov 10 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1950 Jun 1 1950 Jun 23 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1949 Jan 6 1949 May 31 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1942 Apr 26 1942 May 10 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1940 Apr 7 1940 Aug 18 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1935 Nov 21 1936 Jan 2 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1934 Sep 6 1934 Oct 8 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1933 Dec 2 1933 Dec 18 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1931 Dec 23 1932 Jan 5 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1930 Nov 19 1930 Dec 7 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1929 Jul 25 1929 Jul 28 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1929 Feb 20 1929 Feb 21 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1927 Jul 7 1927 Jul 20 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1926 Apr 10 1926 Apr 28 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1924 May 10 1924 Jul 29 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1919 Sep 26 1919 Nov 5 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1916 May 19 1916 May 30 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1914 Nov 25 1915 Jan 11 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1907 Jan 9 1907 Jan 24 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1906 Dec 2 1924 Feb Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1905 Feb 22 1906 Apr Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1903 Nov 25 1904 Jan 10 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1903 Sep 1 1903 Dec 7 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1902 Jun 3 1903 Mar 5 ± 5 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1902 Feb 14 (in or before) 1902 Feb Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1899 Jul 1 1899 Jul 23 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1897 Jun 24 1897 Jun 27 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1896 Jul 11 1896 Sep 25 ± 5 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1896 Apr 21 1896 May 6 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1896 Jan 3 1896 Jan 28 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1892 Nov 30 1892 Dec 3 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1887 Jan 16 1887 Jan 28 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1880 Nov 5 1881 Aug 10 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1880 May 1 1880 May 6 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1879 Mar 9 1879 Mar 9 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1877 Feb 14 1877 Feb 24 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1876 Feb 13 1876 Feb 14 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1875 Aug 11 1875 Aug 18 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1875 Jan 10 1875 Feb 9 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1873 Apr 20 1874 Oct 19 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1873 Jan 6 1873 Jan 7 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1872 Aug 9 1872 Sep Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1871 Aug 10 1871 Aug 30 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa [1870 Jan 1 (?)] [1870 Jan 15 (?)] Uncertain  
Mauna Loa 1868 Mar 27 1868 Apr 22 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1865 Dec 30 1866 Apr 29 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1859 Jan 23 1859 Nov 25 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1855 Aug 11 1856 Nov Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1852 Feb 17 1852 Mar 11 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1851 Aug 8 1851 Aug 11 ± 1 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1849 May Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1843 Jan 9 1843 Apr 10 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1832 Jun 20 1832 Jul 15 ± 7 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1823 Feb 1894 Dec 6 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1820 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Hualalai 1800 1801 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1790 Nov (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1790 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Hualalai 1784 ± 7 years Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Haleakala 1750 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Anthropology
Mauna Loa 1750 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Kilauea 1750 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mauna Loa 1730 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 1700 ± 25 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Magnetism
Mauna Loa 1685 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 1680 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 1650 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hualalai 1650 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 1650 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Mauna Loa 1640 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 1610 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 1540 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 1510 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 1510 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 1500 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Mauna Loa 1500 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 1490 ± 16 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Mauna Loa 1470 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 1460 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 1460 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 1440 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 1420 ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Kilauea 1410 (?) 1470 (?) Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Mauna Loa 1390 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 1370 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 1360 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 1360 ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Haleakala 1350 ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Kilauea 1340 ± 40 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Anthropology
Mauna Loa 1310 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hualalai 1240 ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 1200 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Mauna Loa 1190 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 1170 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hualalai 1150 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Kilauea 1140 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Mauna Loa 1130 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 1080 ± 40 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 1070 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hualalai 1050 ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 1050 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 1040 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 1020 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 1010 ± 40 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 0990 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 0980 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 0940 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hualalai 0920 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 0910 ± 40 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 0900 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Kilauea 0850 ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Mauna Loa 0830 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 0810 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 0790 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hualalai 0770 ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 0680 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 0680 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 0630 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 0600 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 0550 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 0540 ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Mauna Loa 0480 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 0450 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 0450 (in or before) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Magnetism
Kilauea 0420 ± 20 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Mauna Loa 0350 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 0300 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 0200 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 0150 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 0150 ± 300 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Magnetism
Mauna Loa 0100 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 0080 ± 40 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 0050 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 0030 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kama'ehuakanaloa 0050 BCE ± 3000 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: K/Ar
Kilauea 0050 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Mauna Loa 0060 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 0080 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hualalai 0080 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 0200 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 0200 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Kilauea 0270 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Haleakala 0290 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Mauna Loa 0300 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hualalai 0350 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 0390 BCE ± 40 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hualalai 0400 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 0400 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 0410 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hualalai 0440 BCE ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 0500 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 0580 BCE ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 0600 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hualalai 0720 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 0800 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Mauna Loa 0950 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hualalai 1080 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 1140 BCE ± 30 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hualalai 1150 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 1240 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Mauna Loa 1300 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 1310 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Kilauea 1550 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 1650 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 1650 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hualalai 1650 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 1700 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 1750 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 1800 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 1800 BCE ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 1850 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Haleakala 1900 BCE ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 1900 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 1940 BCE ± 40 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 2000 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hualalai 2040 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 2050 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 2080 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Haleakala 2120 BCE ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 2150 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 2200 BCE ± 500 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Haleakala 2210 BCE ± 40 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 2250 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 2260 BCE ± 40 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 2350 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hualalai 2440 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Kea 2460 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 2470 BCE ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Mauna Kea 2540 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 2580 BCE ± 40 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Kea 2750 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 2750 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hualalai 2770 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 2850 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 3070 BCE ± 40 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 3250 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 3300 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Mauna Loa 3350 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Kea 3370 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Kea 3680 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 3750 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 4250 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hualalai 4410 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kilauea 4650 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 4760 BCE ± 40 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kama'ehuakanaloa 5050 BCE ± 5000 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: K/Ar
Mauna Kea 5150 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 5350 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 5650 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 5850 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 5860 BCE ± 40 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 6030 BCE ± 40 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 6220 BCE ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 6250 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 6550 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 6650 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 6700 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 6760 BCE ± 40 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hualalai 6820 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Kama'ehuakanaloa 7050 BCE ± 7000 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: K/Ar
Mauna Loa 7150 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 7210 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Mauna Loa 7350 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 7450 BCE ± 300 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hualalai 7540 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 7550 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 7570 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mauna Loa 7850 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Haleakala 7950 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Mauna Loa 8050 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)

Northeast Pacific Rifts Volcanic Province

Volcano Name Start Date Stop Date Certainty VEI Evidence
Axial Seamount 2015 Apr 23 2015 May 24 ± 1 days Confirmed   Observations: Seismicity
Axial Seamount 2011 Apr 6 2011 Apr 12 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Axial Seamount 1998 Jan 25 1998 Feb 5 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
North Gorda Ridge Segment 1996 Feb 28 (?) 1996 Mar 15 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
CoAxial Segment 1993 Jun 26 1993 Jul 4 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cleft Segment 1986 Aug 16 (?) ± 15 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
CoAxial Segment 1986 Jul 2 ± 5 years ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cleft Segment 1982 Jul 2 (in or before) ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Axial Seamount 1976 Jan 1 ± 6 years 1982 (in or before) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Axial Seamount 1650 ± 117 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Axial Seamount 1400 ± 71 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Axial Seamount 1300 ± 91 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Axial Seamount 1260 ± 72 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Axial Seamount 1230 ± 76 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Axial Seamount 1000 ± 98 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Axial Seamount 0800 ± 107 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Axial Seamount 0410 ± 123 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Cleft Segment 0270 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Uranium-series
Cobb Segment 1180 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Uranium-series
Escanaba Segment 2260 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Uranium-series
North Gorda Ridge Segment 3020 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Uranium-series
Endeavour Segment 3490 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Uranium-series
North Gorda Ridge Segment 4840 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Uranium-series
Endeavour Segment 6930 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Uranium-series

Kodiak-Bowie Hotspot Volcano Group

The Global Volcanism Program is not aware of any confirmed Holocene eruptions in this region.

There are 35 Pleistocene volcanoes in the Eastern Pacific Volcanic Regions.

Cocos Ridge Volcanic Province

Volcano Name Country Volcanic Landform
Isla del Coco Costa Rica Shield

Galapagos Hotspot Volcano Group

Volcano Name Country Volcanic Landform
Culpepper Ecuador Shield
Wenman Ecuador Shield
Rabida Ecuador Minor
Pinzon Ecuador Shield
Santa Fe Ecuador Shield
Floreana Ecuador Shield
Roca Redonda Ecuador Shield

Gulf of California Rift Volcanic Province

Volcano Name Country Volcanic Landform
San Quintin Volcanic Field Mexico Cluster
Coronado Mexico Composite
Tres Virgenes Mexico Composite
Cerro Leon Mexico Minor
San Ignacio Volcanic Field Mexico Cluster
El Aguajito Mexico Caldera
La Reforma Mexico Caldera
Punta Pulpito Mexico Minor
Cerro Mencenares Mexico Minor

Hawaiian-Emperor Hotspot Volcano Group

Volcano Name Country Volcanic Landform
Kaena United States Shield
Kohala United States Shield
Kahoolawe United States Shield
Mahukona United States Minor
West Maui United States Shield
Lanai United States Shield
East Molokai United States Shield
West Molokai United States Shield
Koolau United States Shield
Waianae United States Shield
Kauai United States Shield
Niihau United States Shield
Kaula United States Shield

Northeast Pacific Rifts Volcanic Province

Volcano Name Country Volcanic Landform
Central Segment United States Cluster
Phoenix Segment United States Cluster
Vance Segment Undersea Features Cluster

Kodiak-Bowie Hotspot Volcano Group

Volcano Name Country Volcanic Landform
Tuzo Wilson Knolls Canada Minor
Bowie Seamount Canada Minor