The Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program (GVP) provides the content on this website (volcano.si.edu) in support of the overal Smithsonian mission for the "increase and diffusion of knowledge." All material created by and made available on this website by GVP is governed by the Smithsonian Terms of Use. The Smithsonian invites visitors to use its online content for personal, educational, and other non-commercial purposes. The database compilation, Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network, and Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report are products of employees of the United States, and fall under (2) in the Intellectual Property Rights in Content section of the Terms of Use for GVP Content.
For general referencing and links to GVP content, please use "Global Volcanism Program, Smithsonian Institution" with a hyperlink to the home page at https://volcano.si.edu/. More specific deep-linking is allowed as long as this minimum citation standard is met.
Database content includes the majority of material describing volcanoes and eruptive activity provided through this website, downloads, or webservices; related publications are described below. Links to specific volcano profile citations are under the photo on each volcano page. Formal citations should be similar to the following formats, modified as needed depending on journal style.
Global Volcanism Program, 2026. [Database] Volcanoes of the World (v. 5.4.0; 7 Aug 2026). Distributed by Smithsonian Institution, compiled by Venzke, E. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.GVP.VOTW5-2026.5.4
Global Volcanism Program, 2026. St. Helens (321050) in [Database] Volcanoes of the World (v. 5.4.0; 7 Aug 2026). Distributed by Smithsonian Institution, compiled by Venzke, E. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.GVP.VOTW5-2026.5.4
Each individual volcano report includes a citation link in the header bar of each report that goes to a customized page with the proper citation and DOI. Sources of information used are given at the end of each report.
Global Volcanism Program, 2006. Report on Merapi (Indonesia). In: Sennert, S K (ed.), Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, 31 May-6 June 2006. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey. https://volcano.si.edu/showreport.cfm?gvpvar=GVP.WVAR20060531-263250
Each individual volcano report includes a citation link in the header bar of each report that goes to a customized page with the proper citation and DOI. Sources of information used are given at the end of each report, either as Information Contacts or References.
Global Volcanism Program, 2018. Report on Agung (Indonesia) (Crafford, A.E., and Venzke, E., eds.). Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network, 43:1. Smithsonian Institution. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.GVP.BGVN201801-264020
