Most Recent Weekly Report: 17 September-23 September 2025 Cite this Report

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that the eruption at Krasheninnikov continued during 11-18 September. A daily large thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images. A thermal anomaly in Northern Cone and over two active lava flows on the E flank were visible in Sentinel satellite images during 13 and 17-18 September. Dates and times are provided in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); specific events are indicated in local time where specified.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT), Copernicus

Weekly Reports - Index

2025: July | August | September

17 September-23 September 2025 Cite this Report

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that the eruption at Krasheninnikov continued during 11-18 September. A daily large thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images. A thermal anomaly in Northern Cone and over two active lava flows on the E flank were visible in Sentinel satellite images during 13 and 17-18 September. Dates and times are provided in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); specific events are indicated in local time where specified.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Copernicus

10 September-16 September 2025 Cite this Report

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that the eruption at Krasheninnikov continued during 5-11 September. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images during 4, 7-9, and 11 September; weather clouds obscured views on the other days. Dates and times are provided in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); specific events are indicated in local time where specified.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

3 September-9 September 2025 Cite this Report

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that the eruption at Krasheninnikov continued during 2-9 September. A daily thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images. Dates and times are provided in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); specific events are indicated in local time where specified.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

27 August-2 September 2025 Cite this Report

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that the eruption at Krasheninnikov continued during 27 August-2 September. A daily large thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images. Dates and times are provided in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); specific events are indicated in local time where specified.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

20 August-26 August 2025 Cite this Report

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that the eruption at Krasheninnikov continued during 20-26 August. A daily large strong thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images. According to the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FEB RAS) thermal anomalies over the lava flow on the NW flank were present on 23 August. At 0150 on 25 August an ash plume was visible in a satellite image rising 2.4 km (8,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifting SE based on a Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) report. Dates and times are provided in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); specific events are indicated in local time where specified.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (IVS) of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FEB RAS); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

13 August-19 August 2025 Cite this Report

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) and reported that the eruption at Krasheninnikov continued during 12-19 August. A large bright thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images on most days; weather clouds obscured views on 17 August. Ash plumes from explosions at the northern cone drifted as far as 170 km E and SE on 13 August. Explosions on 14 August generated ash plumes that reached 2-3 km a.s.l. and drifted 170 km SE based on satellite data. Branching lava flows on the NW flank were active at least through 15 August. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates and times are provided in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); specific events are indicated in local time where specified.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

6 August-12 August 2025 Cite this Report

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that the eruption at Krasheninnikov continued during 5-12 August. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified on most days, though weather clouds obscured views on some of the days. Ash plumes on 5 August rose 5-6 km (16,400-19,700 ft) a.s.l., or as high as 4.4 km above the rim of the northern cone, at about 1,600 m elevation. Lava had filled the crater of the northern cone and descended the NW flank in several branches during 7-9 August. Lava spread out onto the crater floor, covering an area of about one square kilometer. Ash emissions rose from the cone’s summit. The NW-flank fissure, which cuts the caldera rim and NW flank of the northern cone, also remained active. Numerous vents along the fissure ejected bombs and produced gas-and-ash emissions. During 9-10 August ash plumes drifted 120 km E and NE. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates and times are provided in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); specific events are indicated in local time where specified.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

30 July-5 August 2025 Cite this Report

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that an explosive eruption at Krasheninnikov began at 1650 on 2 August. Initial ash explosions rose to 3-4 km (10,000-13,100 ft) a.s.l. from the summit crater of the northern cone; the rim is at about 1,600 m elevation. A fissure also opened on the NW flank and was effusing viscous lava. According to reports from Kronotsky nature park staff, explosions generated ash plumes that rose to 5-6 km (16,400-19,700 ft) a.s.l. by 2150, causing ashfall in part of the park. Satellite imagery showed an ash plume drifting 72-75 km E. The Aviation Color Code (ACC) was raised from Green to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale) at 2157. Ash explosions continued throughout the night, rising as high as 8-10 km (32,800 ft) a.s.l. and drifting 185 km E by 0150 on 3 August. The ACC was raised to Red (the highest level) at 0223 on 3 August. By 0711 activity had decreased, with possible moderate explosive activity continuing, but satellite views were obscured by clouds; the ACC was lowered back to Orange. The edge of the diffuse detached ash plume, about 20 km wide and 115 km long, was at 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. and 290 km ESE.

On 4 August at 0410 satellite data showed an ash plume rising to 3.5-4 km (11,500-13,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifting 580 km SE and ESE; by 0750 the ash plume had extended to 750 km. Additional explosions produced ash plumes that rose to 5-6 km (16,400-19,700 ft) a.s.l. and had drifted 840 km SE and ESE by 2220. On 5 August explosions generated ash plumes that again rose to 5-6 km (16,400-19,700 ft) a.s.l. and extended 160 km SE and ESE at 0530. Lava effusion on the NW flank was accompanied by ash emissions from the crater through 5 August.

The volcanic system includes a 9 x 10 km caldera containing two overlapping stratovolcanoes, distinguished as northern and southern cones, each with a summit crater. This is the first observed activity at this volcano, and the first known since eruptions during about 1350-1550 CE (400-600 years before present, using a 1950 CE baseline) that built the Pauk lava cone in the northern summit crater, produced the Yuzhny lava flow on SW flank outside the caldera, and the Molodoy flow from the upper SW flank of the southern cone. Explosive activity around 850 CE created the northern cone summit crater. Dates and times are provided in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); specific events are indicated in local time where specified.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT); Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

The Global Volcanism Program has no Bulletin Reports available for Krasheninnikov.

Basic Data Volcano Number Last Known Eruption Elevation Latitude Longitude 300190 2025 CE 1,816 m / 5,958 ft 54.596°N 160.27°E Morphology Volcano Landform Composite Volcano Types Caldera Stratovolcano(es) Pyroclastic cone(s) Rock Types Major Basalt / Picro-Basalt Andesite / Basaltic Andesite Dacite Tectonic Setting Subduction zone Continental crust (> 25 km) Population Within 5 km Within 10 km Within 30 km Within 100 km 308 308 814 4,674

Geological Summary The late-Pleistocene to Holocene Krasheninnikov volcano is comprised of two overlapping stratovolcanoes within a 9 x 10 km Pleistocene caldera. Young lava flows from summit and flank vents descend both into the caldera and down its outer flanks, and older flows that covered much of the SE caldera rim extended downslope at least 7 km. Tephra deposits from the caldera-forming eruption directly overlie a 39,000 years before present (BP) tephra thought to be associated with the formation of Uzon caldera (Florenskii, 1988). The intra-caldera stratovolcanoes are situated along a NE-SW-trending fissure that has also produced zones of Holocene cinder cones extending 15-20 km beyond the caldera. Construction of the southern edifice began about 11,000 years BP and lasted for about 4,500 years; it has a summit crater about 800-900 m wide. The northern edifice was constructed during a cycle of similar length that began about 6,500 years ago; it has a summit crater about 1.5 km wide, within which is low cone with an 800-m-wide crater containing another small cone. An eruptive cycle during about 600-400 years BP (1350-1550 CE) produced the Pauk lava cone in the crater of the northern cone and the Yuzhny lava flow on SW flank outside the caldera, followed by the Molodoy flow from the upper SW flank (Ponomareva, 1987; Ponomareva and Tsyurupa, 1985; Ponomareva and Braitseva, 1990). This volcano is located within the Volcanoes of Kamchatka, a UNESCO World Heritage property. References The following references have all been used during the compilation of data for this volcano, it is not a comprehensive bibliography. Erlich E N, 1986. Geology of the calderas of Kamchatka and Kurile Islands with comparison to calderas of Japan and the Aleutians, Alaska. U S Geological Survey Open-File Report, 86-291: 1-300. https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr86291 Fedotov S A, Masurenkov Y P (eds), 1991. Active Volcanoes of Kamchatka. Moscow: Nauka Pub, 2 volumes. Florenskii I V, 1984. On the age of Uzon and Krasheninnikov calderas. Volcanology and Seismology, 1984(1): 102-106 (English translation 1988, 6: 147-154). IAVCEI, 1973-80. Post-Miocene Volcanoes of the World. IAVCEI Data Sheets, Rome: Internatl Assoc Volc Chemistry Earth's Interior. Kozhemyaka N N, 1995. Active volcanoes of Kamchatka: types and growth time of cones, total volumes of erupted material, productivity, and composition of rocks. Volcanology and Seismology, 16: 581-594 (English translation). Newhall C G, Dzurisin D, 1988. Historical unrest at large calderas of the world. U S Geol Surv Bull, 1855: 1108 p, 2 vol. Ponomareva V V, 1987. The history of Krasheninnikov volcano and the dynamics of its activity. Volcanology and Seismology, 1987(5): 28-44 (English translation 1990, 9: 714-741). Ponomareva V V, Braitseva O A, 1990. Volcanic hazards for the area of the Kronotsky Lake - Uzon, Geizerny Valley. Volcanology and Seismology, 1990(1) p 27-44 (English translation 1991, 12: 42-69). Ponomareva V V, Tsyurupa A A, 1985. Extended liquid acidic lava flows at Krasheninnikov volcano. Volcanology and Seismology, 1985(3): 85-92 (English translation 1988, 7: 447-458). Vlodavetz V I, Piip B I, 1959. Kamchatka and Continental Areas of Asia. Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World and Solfatara Fields, Rome: IAVCEI, 8: 1-110. Volynets O N, Ponomareva V V, Tsyurupa A A, 1989. Petrological and tephrochronological studies of Krasheninnikov volcano, Kamchatka. International Geology Review, 30: 1107-1122.

Eruptive History

There is data available for 32 confirmed eruptive periods.

This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.

Cones
Feature Name	Feature Type	Elevation	Latitude	Longitude
Dima	Lava cone
Pauk	Lava cone	1650 m	54° 36' 42.00" N	160° 16' 59.00" E
Zametny	Pyroclastic cone
Craters
Feature Name	Feature Type	Elevation	Latitude	Longitude
Krokur	Maar	359 m	54° 42' 0.00" N	160° 22' 5.00" E
Other
Feature Name	Feature Type	Elevation	Latitude	Longitude
Molodoy	Lava Flows	1500 m	54° 34' 30.00" N	160° 15' 40.00" E
Ozernoy	Lava Flows		54° 37' 45.00" N	160° 13' 30.00" E
Yuzhny	Lava Flows		54° 32' 20.00" N	160° 12' 45.00" E

Photo Gallery

Krasheninnikov is comprised of two overlapping edifices seen here from the north, with both cones topped by 800-m-wide craters. Construction of the northern cone (bottom) began about 6,500 years ago and eventually formed an inner cone within a 2-km-wide crater, the rim of which is visible to the left. The small inner cone of the northern crater was built during an eruption about 400 years ago which also produced a SW-flank lava flow.

Photo courtesy of Anatoli Khrenov, 1989 (Institute of Volcanology, Petropavlovsk). The 800-m-wide crater of the northern cone of Krasheninnikov is seen here looking west across the crater. An eruption 400 years ago formed the small Pauk cone within this crater, and also produced a lava flow from a vent on the upper SW flank of the southern cone (at left out of view).

Photo by Yuri Doubik (Institute of Volcanology, Petropavlovsk). The northern (bottom) and southern (top) cones at the summit of Krasheninnikov were constructed within a 9-km-wide late-Pleistocene caldera. The southern cone began forming about 11,000 years ago and the northern cone about 6,500 years ago; both have 800-m-wide craters. An eruption about 400 years ago produced the small Pauk cone within the northern crater (lower right).

Photo by Yuri Doubik (Institute of Volcanology, Petropavlovsk). Kronotsky is seen here to the NE of the broad summit of Krasheninnikov in the foreground. The slopes of the largely Pleistocene Kronotsky contain deep erosional valleys and had weak phreatic eruptions during the 20th century. Krasheninnikov has been active throughout the Holocene.

Photo by Yuri Doubik (Institute of Volcanology, Petropavlovsk). Kronotsky rises NE of the Kronotsky River, shown across the bottom of the photo. A small cone above the river to the right is one of several on the SW flank. The crater to the lower right is a lake-filled maar that formed at the northern end of a rift zone extending 8 km NNE from Krasheninnikov. The maar erupted along the NE flank of a large Pleistocene caldera inside which Krasheninnikov formed.

Photo by Yuri Doubik (Institute of Volcanology, Petropavlovsk). Kronotsky, seen here from the SW, towers above extensively eroded pyroclastic flow deposits. These voluminous deposits were produced by Pleistocene explosive eruptions that resulted in formation of the Uzon and Krasheninnikov calderas. The initial caldera-forming eruption at Uzon dates back to the mid-Pleistocene. A younger caldera formed about 39,000 years ago and was followed shortly by formation of the Krasheninnikov caldera.

Photo by Yuri Doubik (Institute of Volcanology, Petropavlovsk).

Smithsonian Sample Collections Database

The following 1 samples associated with this volcano can be found in the Smithsonian's NMNH Department of Mineral Sciences collections, and may be availble for research (contact the Rock and Ore Collections Manager). Catalog number links will open a window with more information.

Catalog Number	Sample Description	Lava Source	Collection Date
NMNH 116543-15	Dacite	--	--

External Sites

Copernicus Browser	The Copernicus Browser replaced the Sentinel Hub Playground browser in 2023, to provide access to Earth observation archives from the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem, the main distribution platform for data from the EU Copernicus missions.
MIROVA	Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity (MIROVA) is a near real time volcanic hot-spot detection system based on the analysis of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. In particular, MIROVA uses the Middle InfraRed Radiation (MIR), measured over target volcanoes, in order to detect, locate and measure the heat radiation sourced from volcanic activity.
MODVOLC Thermal Alerts	Using infrared satellite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, scientists at the Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i, developed an automated system called MODVOLC to map thermal hot-spots in near real time. For each MODIS image, the algorithm automatically scans each 1 km pixel within it to check for high-temperature hot-spots. When one is found the date, time, location, and intensity are recorded. MODIS looks at every square km of the Earth every 48 hours, once during the day and once during the night, and the presence of two MODIS sensors in space allows at least four hot-spot observations every two days. Each day updated global maps are compiled to display the locations of all hot spots detected in the previous 24 hours. There is a drop-down list with volcano names which allow users to 'zoom-in' and examine the distribution of hot-spots at a variety of spatial scales.
WOVOdat    Single Volcano View    Temporal Evolution of Unrest    Side by Side Volcanoes	WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. It is sponsored by the World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and presently hosted at the Earth Observatory of Singapore. GVMID Data on Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure The Global Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure Database GVMID, is aimed at documenting and improving capabilities of volcano monitoring from the ground and space. GVMID should provide a snapshot and baseline view of the techniques and instrumentation that are in place at various volcanoes, which can be use by volcano observatories as reference to setup new monitoring system or improving networks at a specific volcano. These data will allow identification of what monitoring gaps exist, which can be then targeted by remote sensing infrastructure and future instrument deployments.
Volcanic Hazard Maps	The IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Hazards and Risk has a Volcanic Hazard Maps database designed to serve as a resource for hazard mappers (or other interested parties) to explore how common issues in hazard map development have been addressed at different volcanoes, in different countries, for different hazards, and for different intended audiences. In addition to the comprehensive, searchable Volcanic Hazard Maps Database, this website contains information about diversity of volcanic hazard maps, illustrated using examples from the database. This site is for educational purposes related to volcanic hazard maps. Hazard maps found on this website should not be used for emergency purposes. For the most recent, official hazard map for a particular volcano, please seek out the proper institutional authorities on the matter.
IRIS seismic stations/networks	Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Services map showing the location of seismic stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 0.18° (about 20 km at mid-latitudes) from the given location of Krasheninnikov. Users can customize a variety of filters and options in the left panel. Note that if there are no stations are known the map will default to show the entire world with a "No data matched request" error notice.
UNAVCO GPS/GNSS stations	Geodetic Data Services map from UNAVCO showing the location of GPS/GNSS stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 20 km from the given location of Krasheninnikov. Users can customize the data search based on station or network names, location, and time window. Requires Adobe Flash Player.
DECADE Data	The DECADE portal, still in the developmental stage, serves as an example of the proposed interoperability between The Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program, the Mapping Gas Emissions (MaGa) Database, and the EarthChem Geochemical Portal. The Deep Earth Carbon Degassing (DECADE) initiative seeks to use new and established technologies to determine accurate global fluxes of volcanic CO2 to the atmosphere, but installing CO2 monitoring networks on 20 of the world's 150 most actively degassing volcanoes. The group uses related laboratory-based studies (direct gas sampling and analysis, melt inclusions) to provide new data for direct degassing of deep earth carbon to the atmosphere.
Large Eruptions of Krasheninnikov	Information about large Quaternary eruptions (VEI >= 4) is cataloged in the Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions (LaMEVE) database of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA).
EarthChem	EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA). IEDA is a collaborative effort of EarthChem and the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS).