Global Volcanism Program

The Global Volcanism Program has no activity reports for Nemrut Dagi.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Weekly Reports available for Nemrut Dagi.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Bulletin Reports available for Nemrut Dagi.

This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.

Synonyms

Nimrud Dagh | Mamrut Dagh

Cones

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Goltepe

Cone

Ikincilgol Tepe

Cone

Incekaya

Tuff cone

2046 m

Kayalitepe

Cone

Kelakirana Tepe

Cone

Kerkorumiksi Tepe

Cone

Mezarliktepe

Cone

Nemrutbasi
Nemrut Kale

Cone

2760 m

Sihmiran Tepe

Cone

Yumurtadag

Cone

2045 m

Yumurtatepe

Cone

Craters

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Nemrut Boynu

Fissure vent

Domes

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Germav Tepe

Dome

Kale Tepe

Dome

Kerkur
Kirkor Dagi

Dome

2612 m

Mazik Dagi

Dome

Basic Data

Volcano Number

Last Known Eruption

Elevation

Latitude
Longitude

213020

1650 CE

2948 m / 9669 ft

38.654°N
42.229°E

Volcano Types

Stratovolcano
Caldera
Lava dome(s)
Pyroclastic cone(s)

Rock Types

Major
Rhyolite
Trachyte / Trachydacite
Trachyandesite / Basaltic Trachyandesite
Basalt / Picro-Basalt
Trachybasalt / Tephrite Basanite

Tectonic Setting

Intraplate
Continental crust (> 25 km)

Population

Within 5 km
Within 10 km
Within 30 km
Within 100 km

608
7,399
230,531
1,618,263

Geological Summary

Nemrut Dagi is the westernmost of a group of volcanoes near Lake Van in eastern Anatolia and the only one that has erupted in historical time. It contains a 9 x 5 km caldera partially filled on its western side by a caldera lake. Post-caldera volcanism, of basaltic to rhyolitic composition, initially occurred along the caldera rim and floor. Pyroclastic flows and the emission of glassy obsidian lava flows accompanied construction of lava domes within the caldera; later activity formed a series of cinder cones and lava domes erupted along N-S-trending fissures on the northern flank. The most recent activity has been concentrated along a NNW-trending fissure cutting the eastern caldera floor and extending beyond the north caldera rim; nearly two dozen cinder cones and lava domes were constructed on the caldera floor. Ash layers in Lake Van document numerous Holocene eruptions, and an historical eruption in 1441 CE from a N-flank fissure involved compositionally bimodal lava flows.

References

The following references have all been used during the compilation of data for this volcano, it is not a comprehensive bibliography.

Aydar E, Gourgaud A, Ulusoy I, Digonnet F, Labazuy P, Sen E, Bayhan H, Kurttas T, Tolluoglu A U, 2003. Morphological analysis of active Mount Nemrut stratovolcano, eastern Turkey: evidences and possible impact areas of future eruption. J Volc Geotherm Res, 123: 301-312.

Blumenthal M M, van der Kaaden G, Vlodavetz V I, 1964. Turkey & Caucasus. Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World and Solfatara Fields, Rome: IAVCEI, 17: 1-23.

Feraud J, Ozkocak O, 1993. Les volcans actifs de Turquie: guide geologique et itineraires de'excursions. L'Assoc Volc Europeenne (LAVE), 2: 1-82.

Guner Y, 1984. Geology, geomorphology and evolution of the Nemrut volcano. Jeomorfoloji Dergisi, 12: 23-65 (in Turkish with English abs).

Haroutiunian R A, 2006. The historical volcanoes of Armenia and adjacent areas revisited. J Volc Geotherm Res, 155: 334-337.

Karakhanian A, Djrbashian R, Trifonov V, Philip H, Arakelian S, Avagian A, 2002. Holocene-historical volcanism and active faults as natural risk factors for Armenia and adjacent countries. J Volc Geotherm Res, 113: 319-344.

Karakhanian A, Jrbashyan R, Trifonov V, Philip H, Arakelian S, Avagyan A, Baghdassaryan H, Davtian V, 2006. Historical volcanoes of Armenia and adjacent areas: what is revisited?. J Volc Geotherm Res, 155: 338-345.

Ozpeker I, 1973. Volcanological evolution of Nemrut Dagi. 4th Symp Mech Sci Res Center Turkey, p 1-17 (in Turkish).

Tchalenko J S, 1977. A reconnaissance of the seismicity and tectonics at the northern border of the Arabian Plate (Lake Van region). Rev Geog Phys Geol Dynam, 19: 189-208.

Ulusoy I, Cubukcu E, Aydar E, Labazuy P, Ersoy O, Sen E, Gourgaud A, 2012. Volcanological evolution and caldera forming eruptions of Mt. Nemrut (Eastern Turkey). J Volc Geotherm Res, 245: 21-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.06.031

Ulusoy I, Labazuy P, Aydar E, Ersoy O, Cubukcu E, 2008. Structure of the Nemrut caldera (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey) and associated hydrothermal fluid circulation. J Volc Geotherm Res, 174: 269-283.

Yilmaz Y, Guner Y, Saroglu F, 1998. Geology of the Quaternary volcanic centers of the east Anatolia. J Volc Geotherm Res, 85: 173-210.

Eruptive History

There is data available for 27 Holocene eruptive periods.

Start Date	Stop Date	Eruption Certainty	Evidence	Activity Area or Unit
[ 1692 Apr 13 ]	[ Unknown ]	Uncertain
1650 Oct 27	Unknown	Confirmed	Historical Observations	East flank (Lake Van)
1597 (in or before)	Unknown	Confirmed	Historical Observations
1441	Unknown	Confirmed	Historical Observations	North flank (Nemrut Boynu)
1402 (?)	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
1111	Unknown	Confirmed	Historical Observations	East flank (Lake Van)
0531 BCE (?)	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
0657 BCE ± 25 years	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
0787 BCE ± 25 years	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
1396 BCE (?)	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
1662 BCE (?)	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
4055 BCE ± 50 years	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
4321 BCE (?)	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
4615 BCE (?)	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
4849 BCE (?)	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
4938 BCE ± 75 years	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
5085 BCE (?)	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
5152 BCE (?)	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
5242 BCE ± 75 years	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
5320 BCE (?)	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
5745 BCE (?)	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
6213 BCE (?)	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
6471 BCE (?)	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
7087 BCE (?)	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
7579 BCE (?)	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
7769 BCE (?)	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count
9950 BCE ± 150 years	Unknown	Confirmed	Varve Count

Deformation History

There is no Deformation History data available for Nemrut Dagi.

Emission History

There is no Emissions History data available for Nemrut Dagi.

Photo Gallery

The prominent caldera in the center of the photo is Nemrut Dagi, the westernmost of a group of volcanoes near Lake Van. Nemrut Dagi lies north of the western part of Lake Van and is the only one of the group that has erupted in historical time. The 9 x 5 km caldera is partially filled by a lake, which appears as the smooth snow-covered right-hand side of the caldera floor in this near-vertical Space Shuttle photo with north to the bottom. Ash layers in Lake Van document numerous Holocene eruptions, the last of which took place in 1441 CE.

NASA Space Shuttle image STS45-80-08, 1992 (http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/).

A dramatic 9 x 5 km caldera truncates the summit of Nemrut Dagi volcano near Lake Van in eastern Turkey. A lake that partially fills the western side of the caldera is constrained by post-caldera eruptions that produced glassy obsidian lava flows from lava domes on the eastern caldera floor. A series of cinder cones and lava domes were erupted along N-S-trending fissures on the northern flank. Ash layers in Lake Van document numerous Holocene eruptions from Nemrut Dagi.

NASA Space Shuttle image ISS001-E-6354, 2001 (http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/).

Smithsonian Sample Collections Database

There are no samples for Nemrut Dagi in the Smithsonian's NMNH Department of Mineral Sciences Rock and Ore collection.

Affiliated Sites

WOVOdat
   Single Volcano View
   Temporal Evolution of Unrest
   Side by Side Volcanoes

WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. It is sponsored by the World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and presently hosted at the Earth Observatory of Singapore.

Large Eruptions of Nemrut Dagi

Information about large Quaternary eruptions (VEI >= 4) is cataloged in the Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions (LaMEVE) database of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA).

MIROVA

Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity (MIROVA) is a near real time volcanic hot-spot detection system based on the analysis of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. In particular, MIROVA uses the Middle InfraRed Radiation (MIR), measured over target volcanoes, in order to detect, locate and measure the heat radiation sourced from volcanic activity.

MODVOLC Thermal Alerts

Using infrared satellite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, scientists at the Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i, developed an automated system called MODVOLC to map thermal hot-spots in near real time. For each MODIS image, the algorithm automatically scans each 1 km pixel within it to check for high-temperature hot-spots. When one is found the date, time, location, and intensity are recorded. MODIS looks at every square km of the Earth every 48 hours, once during the day and once during the night, and the presence of two MODIS sensors in space allows at least four hot-spot observations every two days. Each day updated global maps are compiled to display the locations of all hot spots detected in the previous 24 hours. There is a drop-down list with volcano names which allow users to 'zoom-in' and examine the distribution of hot-spots at a variety of spatial scales.

EarthChem

EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA). IEDA is a collaborative effort of EarthChem and the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS).