Report on Soufriere Hills (United Kingdom) — 2 November-8 November 2011
Smithsonian Institution / US Geological Survey
Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, 2 November-8 November 2011
Managing Editor: Sally Sennert.
Please cite this report as:
Global Volcanism Program, 2011. Report on Soufriere Hills (United Kingdom) (Sennert, S, ed.). Weekly Volcanic Activity Report, 2 November-8 November 2011. Smithsonian Institution and US Geological Survey.
Soufriere Hills
United Kingdom
16.72°N, 62.18°W; summit elev. 915 m
All times are local (unless otherwise noted)
MVO reported that during 28 October-4 November activity at the Soufrière Hills lava dome was at a low level. On 4 November the Hazard Level was lowered to 2 because of a considerable reduction in the number of spontaneous pyroclastic flows from the remaining lava dome over approximately the last year. The reduction in Hazard Level allowed people to have daytime access to Zone C to the W of the lava dome, including Cork Hill, Weekes, Richmond Hill, Delvins, and Foxes Bay. Other minor changes to hazard zone borders were also implemented.
Geological Summary. The complex, dominantly andesitic Soufrière Hills volcano occupies the southern half of the island of Montserrat. The summit area consists primarily of a series of lava domes emplaced along an ESE-trending zone. The volcano is flanked by Pleistocene complexes to the north and south. English's Crater, a 1-km-wide crater breached widely to the east by edifice collapse, was formed about 2000 years ago as a result of the youngest of several collapse events producing submarine debris-avalanche deposits. Block-and-ash flow and surge deposits associated with dome growth predominate in flank deposits, including those from an eruption that likely preceded the 1632 CE settlement of the island, allowing cultivation on recently devegetated land to near the summit. Non-eruptive seismic swarms occurred at 30-year intervals in the 20th century, but no historical eruptions were recorded until 1995. Long-term small-to-moderate ash eruptions beginning in that year were later accompanied by lava-dome growth and pyroclastic flows that forced evacuation of the southern half of the island and ultimately destroyed the capital city of Plymouth, causing major social and economic disruption.