PHIVOLCS reported that daily diffuse gas-and-steam emissions at Kanlaon rose 100-150 m and drifted mainly NW, W, and SW during 25 June-2 July. Sulfur dioxide emissions averaged 2,774 tonnes/day (t/d) on 25 June, 3,299 t/d on 27 June, and peaked at 5,397 t/d on 28 June, the highest value recorded since instrumental gas monitoring began. Emissions averaged 3,007 t/d on 30 June and then peaked again at 5,083 t/d on 2 July, the second highest recorded value in 2024 and the third highest since monitoring began. PHIVOLCS noted that increased sulfur dioxide emissions had been recorded in 2024, averaging 1,897 t/d, though emission since the 3 June eruption were particularly elevated with a current average of 3,254 t/d. There were 1-14 daily volcanic earthquakes recorded by the seismic network; volcanic earthquake activity persisted at an average of 10 events/day since the 3 June eruption. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 0-5) and PHIVOLCS reminded the public to remain outside of the 4-km-radius Permanent Danger Zone.

Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)

Geological Summary. Kanlaon volcano (also spelled Canlaon) forms the highest point on the Philippine island of Negros. The massive andesitic stratovolcano is covered with fissure-controlled pyroclastic cones and craters, many of which are filled by lakes. The largest debris avalanche known in the Philippines traveled 33 km SW from Kanlaon. The summit contains a 2-km-wide, elongated northern caldera with a crater lake and a smaller but higher active vent, Lugud crater, to the south. Eruptions recorded since 1866 have typically consisted of phreatic explosions of small-to-moderate size that produce minor local ashfall.