PHIVOLCS reported that daily diffuse gas-and-steam emissions at Kanlaon rose 100-150 m and drifted mainly NW, W, and SW during 25 June-2 July. Sulfur dioxide emissions averaged 2,774 tonnes/day (t/d) on 25 June, 3,299 t/d on 27 June, and peaked at 5,397 t/d on 28 June, the highest value recorded since instrumental gas monitoring began. Emissions averaged 3,007 t/d on 30 June and then peaked again at 5,083 t/d on 2 July, the second highest recorded value in 2024 and the third highest since monitoring began. PHIVOLCS noted that increased sulfur dioxide emissions had been recorded in 2024, averaging 1,897 t/d, though emission since the 3 June eruption were particularly elevated with a current average of 3,254 t/d. There were 1-14 daily volcanic earthquakes recorded by the seismic network; volcanic earthquake activity persisted at an average of 10 events/day since the 3 June eruption. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 0-5) and PHIVOLCS reminded the public to remain outside of the 4-km-radius Permanent Danger Zone.

Geological Summary. Kanlaon volcano (also spelled Canlaon) forms the highest point on the Philippine island of Negros. The massive andesitic stratovolcano is covered with fissure-controlled pyroclastic cones and craters, many of which are filled by lakes. The largest debris avalanche known in the Philippines traveled 33 km SW from Kanlaon. The summit contains a 2-km-wide, elongated northern caldera with a crater lake and a smaller but higher active vent, Lugud crater, to the south. Eruptions recorded since 1866 have typically consisted of phreatic explosions of small-to-moderate size that produce minor local ashfall.

Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)