Global Volcanism Program | Caburgua-Huelemolle

The Global Volcanism Program has no activity reports available for Caburgua-Huelemolle.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Weekly Reports available for Caburgua-Huelemolle.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Bulletin Reports available for Caburgua-Huelemolle.

Basic Data

Volcano Number

Last Known Eruption

Elevation

Latitude
Longitude

357112

5050 BCE

1,652 m / 5,420 ft

39.25°S
71.75°W

Morphology

Volcano Landform
Cluster

Volcano Types
Volcanic field
Pyroclastic cone(s)

Rock Types

Major
Basalt / Picro-Basalt

Tectonic Setting

Subduction zone
Continental crust (> 25 km)

Population

Within 5 km
Within 10 km
Within 30 km
Within 100 km

5,951
5,951
17,774
521,553

Geological Summary

Four groups of basaltic cinder cones lie east of Lago Villarrica and NE of Villarrica volcano. The northernmost and southernmost groups, the Volcanes de Caburgua and Volcán Huelemolle, respectively, lie along the major regional Liquine-Ofqui fault zone. Volcanes de Caburgua lies at the south end of Lago Caburgua and consists of six early Holocene basaltic cinder cones. Lava flows from these cones contributed to blockage of river drainages that formed the lake. The southernmost group, Volcán Huelemolle, consists of three early Holocene basaltic cinder cones between the Liucura and Pucón (or Minetué) rivers. The two other cone groups, Cerro Redondo and Pichares, lie to the east of Caburgua and Huelemolle. Stratigraphic evidence indicates that these basaltic cone groups were active between about 8,000 and 6,000 years ago.

References

The following references have all been used during the compilation of data for this volcano, it is not a comprehensive bibliography.

Gardeweg M, Lara L, Matthews S, Polanco E, 2004. Pucon-Carburgua. IAVCEI Gen Assembly 2004 Pucon, Chile Field Trip Guide B3, 11 p.

Gonzalez-Ferran O, 1995. Volcanes de Chile. Santiago: Instituto Geografico Militar, 635 p.

Hickey-Vargas R, Moreno H, Lopez-Escobar L, Frey F A, 1989. Geochemical variations in Andean basaltic and silicic lavas from the Villarrica-Lanin volcanic chain (39.5° S): an evaluation of source heterogeneity, fractional crystallization and crustal assimilation. Contr Mineral Petr, 103: 361-386.

Lara L, Rodriguez C, Moreno H, Perez de Arce C, 2001. Geocronologia K-Ar y geoquimica del volcanismo plioceno superior-pleistoceno de los Andes del sur (39-42° S). Rev Geol Chile, 28: 67-90. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0716-02082001000100004

Moreno H, 1985. (pers. comm.).

Moreno H, 1994. (pers. comm.).

Sun M, 2001. Geochemical variation among small eruptive centers in the central SVZ of the Andes : an evaluation of subduction, mantle and crustal influences. FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Paper 2005 (http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2005).

Eruptive History

There is data available for 1 confirmed Holocene eruptive periods.

5050 BCE ± 1000 years Confirmed Eruption (Explosive / Effusive)

Episode 1 | Eruption (Explosive / Effusive)

Huelemolle and Caburgua cones

5050 BCE ± 1000 years - Unknown

Evidence from Correlation: Tephrochronology

List of 2 Events for Episode 1 at Huelemolle and Caburgua cones

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	- - - -	- - - -	Cinder Cone

This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.

Cones

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Caburgua, Volcanes de

Cone

995 m

39° 12' 0.00" S

71° 50' 0.00" W

Huelemolle, Volcán

Cone

863 m

39° 18' 0.00" S

71° 48' 0.00" W

La Barda

Cone

1230 m

39° 13' 34.00" S

71° 47' 3.00" W

Pichares

Cone

1483 m

39° 15' 10.00" S

71° 41' 58.00" W

Redondo

Cone

1383 m

39° 15' 48.00" S

71° 44' 15.00" W

Relicura

Cone

1652 m

39° 15' 32.00" S

71° 39' 3.00" W

San Jorge

Cone

1522 m

39° 17' 40.00" S

71° 39' 23.00" W

Photo Gallery

Forested Volcán Relicura, rising to the NW from near the Liucura Bridge, is part of four groups of basaltic cinder cones lying east of Lago Villarrica and NE of Villarrica volcano. The northernmost and southernmost groups, the Volcanes de Caburgua and Volcán Huelemolle, respectively, lie along the major regional Liquine-Ofqui fault zone. Lava flows from the half dozen cinder cones of the Volcanes de Caburgua blocked drainages, forming elongated Lago Caburgua.

Photo by Jim Luhr, 2004 (Smithsonian Institution).

Volcanologists on a field trip during the 2004 Chile IAVCEI conference examine an outcrop of the Caburgua-Huelemolle volcano group. Miocene granodiorites at the base of the roadcut are overlain by postglacial pyroclastic deposits from basaltic cones of the Caburgua-Huelemolle group.

Photo by Jim Luhr, 2004 (Smithsonian Institution).

The cones with summit craters at the SW corner of Lago Caburgua (upper left) are the Volcanes de Caburgua. South of the lake are two areas with thicker vegetation, the northern area is the La Barda cones, and the southern is Volcan Huelemolle. The vegetated ridge across the eastern half of the photo contains the Redondo, Pichares, and Relicura cones (E to W).

Satellite image courtesy of Planet Labs Inc., 2021 (https://www.planet.com/).

Smithsonian Sample Collections Database

There are no samples for Caburgua-Huelemolle in the Smithsonian's NMNH Department of Mineral Sciences Rock and Ore collection.

External Sites

Copernicus Browser

The Copernicus Browser replaced the Sentinel Hub Playground browser in 2023, to provide access to Earth observation archives from the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem, the main distribution platform for data from the EU Copernicus missions.

MIROVA

Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity (MIROVA) is a near real time volcanic hot-spot detection system based on the analysis of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. In particular, MIROVA uses the Middle InfraRed Radiation (MIR), measured over target volcanoes, in order to detect, locate and measure the heat radiation sourced from volcanic activity.

MODVOLC Thermal Alerts

Using infrared satellite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, scientists at the Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i, developed an automated system called MODVOLC to map thermal hot-spots in near real time. For each MODIS image, the algorithm automatically scans each 1 km pixel within it to check for high-temperature hot-spots. When one is found the date, time, location, and intensity are recorded. MODIS looks at every square km of the Earth every 48 hours, once during the day and once during the night, and the presence of two MODIS sensors in space allows at least four hot-spot observations every two days. Each day updated global maps are compiled to display the locations of all hot spots detected in the previous 24 hours. There is a drop-down list with volcano names which allow users to 'zoom-in' and examine the distribution of hot-spots at a variety of spatial scales.

WOVOdat
   Single Volcano View
   Temporal Evolution of Unrest
   Side by Side Volcanoes

WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. It is sponsored by the World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and presently hosted at the Earth Observatory of Singapore.

GVMID Data on Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure The Global Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure Database GVMID, is aimed at documenting and improving capabilities of volcano monitoring from the ground and space. GVMID should provide a snapshot and baseline view of the techniques and instrumentation that are in place at various volcanoes, which can be use by volcano observatories as reference to setup new monitoring system or improving networks at a specific volcano. These data will allow identification of what monitoring gaps exist, which can be then targeted by remote sensing infrastructure and future instrument deployments.

Volcanic Hazard Maps

The IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Hazards and Risk has a Volcanic Hazard Maps database designed to serve as a resource for hazard mappers (or other interested parties) to explore how common issues in hazard map development have been addressed at different volcanoes, in different countries, for different hazards, and for different intended audiences. In addition to the comprehensive, searchable Volcanic Hazard Maps Database, this website contains information about diversity of volcanic hazard maps, illustrated using examples from the database. This site is for educational purposes related to volcanic hazard maps. Hazard maps found on this website should not be used for emergency purposes. For the most recent, official hazard map for a particular volcano, please seek out the proper institutional authorities on the matter.

IRIS seismic stations/networks

Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Services map showing the location of seismic stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 0.18° (about 20 km at mid-latitudes) from the given location of Caburgua-Huelemolle. Users can customize a variety of filters and options in the left panel. Note that if there are no stations are known the map will default to show the entire world with a "No data matched request" error notice.

UNAVCO GPS/GNSS stations

Geodetic Data Services map from UNAVCO showing the location of GPS/GNSS stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 20 km from the given location of Caburgua-Huelemolle. Users can customize the data search based on station or network names, location, and time window. Requires Adobe Flash Player.

DECADE Data

The DECADE portal, still in the developmental stage, serves as an example of the proposed interoperability between The Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program, the Mapping Gas Emissions (MaGa) Database, and the EarthChem Geochemical Portal. The Deep Earth Carbon Degassing (DECADE) initiative seeks to use new and established technologies to determine accurate global fluxes of volcanic CO₂ to the atmosphere, but installing CO₂ monitoring networks on 20 of the world's 150 most actively degassing volcanoes. The group uses related laboratory-based studies (direct gas sampling and analysis, melt inclusions) to provide new data for direct degassing of deep earth carbon to the atmosphere.

Large Eruptions of Caburgua-Huelemolle

Information about large Quaternary eruptions (VEI >= 4) is cataloged in the Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions (LaMEVE) database of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA).

EarthChem

EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA). IEDA is a collaborative effort of EarthChem and the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS).