Steam and gas rise between the growing lava dome in the crater of Gunung Merapi and the steep-walled western crater rim (left). The dome visible to the right began growing in 1992. Periodic collapse of the growing dome during successive years produced pyroclastic flows (block-and-ash flows) that devastated the western and southern flanks.

Photo by Lee Siebert, 1995 (Smithsonian Institution).

This image is made available under the Public Domain Dedication CC0 license, but proper attribution is appreciated.

Keywords: lava dome | gas | gas plume | emissions

Merapi