Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported that daily moderately dense to dense emissions rose as high as 2.4 km above the rim of Taal’s Main Crater and drifted several directions. Sulfur dioxide emissions peaked at 11,745 tonnes per day (t/d) on 11 July, but by 15 July were back below the 2024 average of 7,895 t/d at 5,236 t/d. A phreatic event on 13 July lasted one minute based on seismic and infrasound data, and generated emissions that rose 1.5 km above Main Crater and drifted SW. The Alert Level remained at 1 (on a scale of 0-5), and PHIVOLCS reminded the public that the entire Taal Volcano Island was a Permanent Danger Zone (PDZ) and to take extra precaution around Main Crater and along the Daang Kastila fissure.

Geological Summary. Taal is one of the most active volcanoes in the Philippines and has produced some powerful eruptions. The 15 x 20 km Talisay (Taal) caldera is largely filled by Lake Taal, whose 267 km2 surface lies only 3 m above sea level. The maximum depth of the lake is 160 m, with several submerged eruptive centers. The 5-km-wide Volcano Island in north-central Lake Taal is the location of all observed eruptions. The island is composed of coalescing small stratovolcanoes, tuff rings, and scoria cones. Powerful pyroclastic flows and surges have caused many fatalities.

Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)