Logo link to homepage

Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report

Weekly Volcanic Activity Map

The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is a cooperative project between the Smithsonian's Global Volcanism Program and the US Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Updated by 2300 UTC every Wednesday and averaging 16 reported volcanoes, this is not a comprehensive list of all eruptions this week, but rather a summary of activity that meet criteria discussed in the "Criteria and Disclaimers" section below.

Volcanic activity reported here is preliminary and subject to change. Carefully reviewed, detailed narratives over longer time periods are published as reports of the Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network available through volcano profile pages.

Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for the week of 10 July-16 July 2024
Name Country Volcanic Province Eruption Start Date Report Status
Etna Italy Sicily Volcanic Province 2022 Nov 27 New
Ijen Indonesia Sunda Volcanic Arc — New
Karymsky Russia Eastern Kamchatka Volcanic Arc 2024 Jun 20 New
Matthew Island France - claimed by Vanuatu Vanuatu Volcanic Arc — New
Stromboli Italy Aeolian Volcanic Arc 1934 Feb 2 New
Whakaari/White Island New Zealand Taupo Volcanic Zone 2024 May 24 New
Aira Japan Ryukyu Volcanic Arc 2017 Mar 25 Continuing
Ebeko Russia Kuril Volcanic Arc 2022 Jun 11 Continuing
Fuego Guatemala Central America Volcanic Arc 2002 Jan 4 Continuing
Great Sitkin United States Aleutian Ridge Volcanic Arc 2021 May 25 Continuing
Ibu Indonesia Halmahera Volcanic Arc 2008 Apr 5 Continuing
Kanlaon Philippines Negros-Sulu Volcanic Arc — Continuing
Lewotobi Indonesia Sunda Volcanic Arc 2023 Dec 23 Continuing
Lewotolok Indonesia Sunda Volcanic Arc — Continuing
Marapi Indonesia Sunda Volcanic Arc 2023 Dec 3 Continuing
Merapi Indonesia Sunda Volcanic Arc 2020 Dec 31 Continuing
Nevado del Ruiz Colombia Northern Andean Volcanic Arc 2014 Nov 18 Continuing
Popocatepetl Mexico Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt 2005 Jan 9 Continuing
Sabancaya Peru Central Andean Volcanic Arc 2016 Nov 6 Continuing
Santa Maria Guatemala Central America Volcanic Arc 1922 Jun 22 Continuing
Semeru Indonesia Sunda Volcanic Arc 2017 Jun 6 Continuing
Sheveluch Russia Eastern Kamchatka Volcanic Arc 1999 Aug 15 Continuing
Taal Philippines Taiwan-Luzon Volcanic Arc 2024 Apr 12 Continuing
Tungurahua Ecuador Northern Andean Volcanic Arc — Continuing
Villarrica Chile Southern Andean Volcanic Arc 2014 Dec 2 ± 7 days Continuing
All times are local unless otherwise stated.
Weekly Reports Archive

Since the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report began in November 2000, there have been 20,627 individual reports over 1,243 weeks (average of 17 per week) on 338 different volcanoes.

Search by Date



Use the dropdowns to choose the year and week for archived Weekly Reports.

Use the dropdowns to choose the year and week for archived Weekly Reports.          


Search by Volcano



Adams Cotopaxi Iliwerung Llaima Popocatepetl Sumisujima
Agung Cuicocha Inielika Lokon-Empung Purace Sundoro
Ahyi Cumbal Ioto Lonquimay Puyehue-Cordon Caulle Suoh
Aira Dabbahu Irazu Lopevi Rabaul Suretamatai
Akan Davidof Iwatesan Machin Raikoke Suwanosejima
Alaid Dempo Iya Makushin Ranakah Taal
Alu-Dalafilla Descabezado Grande Izu-Torishima Maly Semyachik Raoul Island Tair, Jebel at
Ambae Dieng Volcanic Complex Jackson Segment Manam Rasshua Takawangha
Ambang Dukono Kaba Manda Hararo Raung Talang
Ambrym East Epi Kadovar Marapi Redoubt Tambora
Anatahan Ebeko Kaitoku Seamount Maroa Reventador Tanaga
Aniakchak Ebulobo Kama'ehuakanaloa Martin Reykjanes Tandikat-Singgalang
Antillanca Volcanic Complex Edgecumbe Kambalny Masaya Rincon de la Vieja Tangkoko-Duasudara
Antuco Egon Kanaga Matthew Island Rinjani Tangkuban Parahu
Apoyeque Ekarma Kanlaon Maule, Laguna del Ritter Island Tara, Batu
Arenal Eldey Karangetang Mauna Loa Rotorua Ta'u
Asamayama Erebus Karkar Mayon Ruang Taupo
Askja Erta Ale Karthala McDonald Islands Ruapehu Telica
Asosan Etna Karymsky Melebingoy Ruby Tenerife
Atka Volcanic Complex Etorofu-Yakeyama [Grozny Group] Kasatochi Melimoyu Ruiz, Nevado del Tengger Caldera
Augustine Eyjafjallajokull Katla Merapi Sabancaya Three Sisters
Avachinsky Fagradalsfjall Katmai Midagahara Sakar Tinakula
Awu Fernandina Kavachi Misti, El Salak Tofua
Axial Seamount Fogo Kelimutu Miyakejima San Cristobal Tokachidake
Azul, Cerro Fonualei Kelud Momotombo San Miguel Tolbachik
Azumayama Fournaise, Piton de la Kerinci Monowai San Vicente Toliman
Bagana Fourpeaked Ketoi Montagu Island Sangay Tongariro
Balbi Fuego Kharimkotan Moyorodake [Medvezhia] Sangeang Api Trident
Bamus Fujisan Kick 'em Jenny Mutnovsky Santa Ana Tungurahua
Banda Api Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba Kie Besi Myojinsho Santa Maria Turrialba
Bardarbunga Galeras Kikai Nabro Sao Jorge Ubinas
Barren Island Galunggung Kilauea Negra, Sierra Sarigan Ugashik-Peulik
Batur Gamalama Kirishimayama Negro, Cerro Sarychev Peak Ukinrek Maars
Bezymianny Gamkonora Kita-Ioto Nightingale Island Saunders Ulawun
Bogoslof Gareloi Kizimen Nishinoshima Savo Unnamed
Brava Gaua Klyuchevskoy Nisyros Semeru Unnamed
Bristol Island Gorely Kolokol Group Novarupta Semisopochnoi Veniaminof
Bulusan Great Sitkin Koryaksky NW Rota-1 Seulawah Agam Villarrica
Calbuco Grimsvotn Krakatau Nyamulagira Sheveluch Vulcano
Callaqui Guagua Pichincha Krummel-Garbuna-Welcker Nyiragongo Shishaldin West Mata
Cameroon Guallatiri Krysuvik-Trolladyngja Ofu-Olosega Simbo Westdahl
Campi Flegrei Guntur Kuchinoerabujima Okataina Sinabung Whakaari/White Island
Campi Flegrei del Mar di Sicilia Hachijojima Kurikomayama Okmok Sinarka Witori
Cayambe Hakoneyama Kusatsu-Shiranesan Ontakesan Siple Wolf
Chachadake [Tiatia] Heard Kverkfjoll Oraefajokull Sirung Wrangell
Chaiten Hekla La Palma Osorno Slamet Yakedake
Chiginagak Helgrindur Lamington Pacaya Snaefellsjokull Yasur
Chikurachki Hierro Lamongan Pagan Soputan Yellowstone
Chiles-Cerro Negro Hokkaido-Komagatake Langila Palena Volcanic Group Sorikmarapi Yufu-Tsurumi
Chillan, Nevados de Home Reef Lanin Paluweh Sotara Zaozan [Zaosan]
Chirinkotan Hood Lascar Panarea Soufriere Hills Zavodovski
Chirpoi Huaynaputina Late Papandayan Soufriere St. Vincent Zhupanovsky
Ciremai Hudson, Cerro Lateiki Pavlof South Sarigan Seamount Zubair Group
Cleveland Huila, Nevado del Lengai, Ol Doinyo Pelee Spurr
Colima Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Leroboleng Peuet Sague St. Helens
Colo Ibu Lewotobi Pinatubo Stromboli
Concepcion Ijen Lewotolok Planchon-Peteroa Sulu Range
Copahue Iliamna Little Sitkin Poas Sumbing
 News Feeds and Google Placemarks


Download Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report Network RSS Feed

The RSS (Really Simple Syndication) feed is identical to the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report minus some features including the header information (latitude and longitude and summit elevation), the Geologic Summary, and a link to the volcano's page from the Global Volcanism Program. At the end of each report is a list of the sources used. Each volcano report includes a link from the volcano's name back to the more complete information in the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report on the Smithsonian website. This feature was first made available on 5 March 2008.


Download Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report Network CAP Feed

The CAP (Common Alerting Protocol) feeds are XML files specifically formatted for disaster management. They are similar in content to the RSS feed, but contain no active links.


Download Smithsonian/USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report Network Link Download Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report Network Link

A Google Earth network link for the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report can be loaded into the free Google Earth software, and in turn will load placemarks for volcanoes in the current weekly report. Placemark balloons include the volcano name, report date, report text, sources, and links back to the GVP volcano profile page and to the complete Weekly Report for that week. This feature was first made available on 1 April 2009.

 Criteria & Disclaimers

Criteria



The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report does not necessarily include all volcanic activity that occurred on Earth during the week. More than a dozen volcanoes globally have displayed more-or-less continuous eruptive activity for decades or longer, and such routine activity is typically not reported here. Moreover, Earth's sea-floor volcanism is seldom reported even though in theory it represents the single most prolific source of erupted material. The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report summarizes volcanic activity that meets one or more of the following criteria:

- A volcano observatory raises or lowers the alert level at the volcano.
- A volcanic ash advisory has been released by a volcanic ash advisory center (VAAC) stating that an ash cloud has been produced from the volcano.
- A verifiable news report of new activity or a change in activity at the volcano has been issued.
- Observers have reported a significant change in volcanic activity. Such activity can include, but is not restricted to, pyroclastic flows, lahars, lava flows, dome collapse, or increased unrest.

Volcanoes are included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section of the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report if the activity occurs after at least 3 months of quiescence. Once a volcano is included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section, updates will remain in that section unless the activity continues for more than 1 month without escalating, after which time updates will be listed in the "Continuing Activity" section. Volcanoes are also included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section if the volcano is undergoing a period of relatively high unrest, or increasing unrest. This is commonly equal to Alert Level Orange on a scale of Green, Yellow, Orange, Red, where Red is the highest alert. Or alert level 3 on a scale of 1-4 or 1-5.

It is important to note that volcanic activity meeting one or more of these criteria may occur during the week, but may not be included in the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report because we did not receive a report.

Disclaimers



1. The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is intended to provide timely information about global volcanism on a weekly basis. Consequently, the report is generated rapidly by summarizing volcanic reports from various sources, with little time for fact checking. The accuracy of the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is dependent upon the quality of the volcanic activity reports we receive. Reports published in the Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network are cover longer time periods and are more carefully reviewed, although all of the volcanoes discussed in the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report are not necessarily reported in the Bulletin. Because of our emphasis on rapid reporting on the web we have avoided diacritical marks. Reports are updated on the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report web page as they are received, therefore information may be included regarding events that occurred before the current report period.

2. Rapidly developing events lead to coverage that is often fragmentary. Volcanoes, their eruptions, and their plumes and associated atmospheric effects are complex phenomena that may require months to years of data analysis in order to create a comprehensive summary and interpretation of events.

3. Preliminary accounts sometimes contain exaggerations and "false alarms," and accordingly, this report may include some events ultimately found to be erroneous or misleading.

4. Many news agencies do not archive the articles they post on the Internet, and therefore the links to some sources may not be active. To obtain information about the cited articles that are no longer available on the Internet contact the source.

5. USGS Disclaimer Statement for this Website:

Information presented on this website is considered public information and may be distributed or copied. Use of appropriate byline/photo/image credit is requested. We strongly recommend that USGS data be acquired directly from a USGS server and not through other sources that may change the data in some way. While USGS makes every effort to provide accurate and complete information, various data such as names, telephone numbers, etc. may change prior to updating. USGS welcomes suggestions on how to improve our home page and correct errors. USGS provides no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability or completeness of furnished data.

Some of the documents on this server may contain live references (or pointers) to information created and maintained by other organizations. Please note that USGS does not control and cannot guarantee the relevance, timeliness, or accuracy of these outside materials.

For site security purposes and to ensure that this service remains available to all users, this government computer system employs software programs to monitor network traffic to identify unauthorized attempts to upload or change information, or otherwise cause damage. Unauthorized attempts to upload information or change information on this website are strictly prohibited and may be punishable under the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986 and the National Information Infrastructure Protection Act. Information may also be used for authorized law enforcement investigations. (Last modified September 21, 1999.)

U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA, USA
URL: https://volcano.si.edu/reports_weekly.cfm

 Acronyms and Abbreviations

a.s.l. - above sea level

AVO - Alaska Volcano Observatory

AVHRR - Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer

CENAPRED - Centro Nacionale de Prevencion de Desastres (México)

CONRED - Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres

COSPEC - Correlation Spectrometer

CVGHM (formerly VSI) - Center of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation

CVO - Cascades Volcano Observatory (USGS)

GMS - Geostationary Meteorological Satellite

GOES - Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite

GVO - Goma Volcano Observatory

GVP - Global Volcanism Program (Smithsonian Institution)

HVO - Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (USGS)

ICE - Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad (Costa Rica)

IG - Instituto Geofísico (Ecuador)

IGNS - Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences (New Zealand) - now GNS Science

INETER - Instituto Nicaragüense de Estudios Territoriales (Nicaragua)

INGEMMET - Instituto Geológical Minero y Metalúrgico (Peru)

INGEOMINAS - Instituto Colombiano de Geología y Minería (Colombia)

INGV-CT - Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Catania (Italy)

INSIVUMEH - Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia e Hidrologia (Guatemala)

IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (France)

JMA - Japanese Meteorological Agency

KEMSD - Kamchatkan Experimental and Methodical Seismilogical Department

KVERT - Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team

M - magnitude

METEOSAT - Meteorological Satellite

MEVO - Mount Erebus Volcano Observatory

MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer

MVO - Montserrat Volcano Observatory

MWO - Meteorological Watch Office

NEIC - National Earthquake Information Center

NIED - National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (Japan)

NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NOTAM - Notice to Airmen

OVDAS - Observatorio Volcanologico de los Andes del Sur (Chile)

OFDA - Office of US Foreign Disaster Assistance

ONEMI - Oficina Nacional de Emergencia - Ministerio del Interior (Chile)

OVPDLF - Observatoire Volcanologique du Piton de la Fournaise (France)

OVSICORI-UNA - Observatorio Vulcanologico y Sismologico de Costa Rica, Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)

PHIVOLCS - Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (Philippines)

RSAM - Real-time Seismic Amplitude Measurement

RVO - Rabaul Volcano Observatory

SERNAGEOMIN - Servicio Nacional de Geologia y Mineria (Chile)

SIGMET - Significant Meteorological Information

SNET - Servicio Nacional de Estudios Territoriales (El Salvador)

SVERT - Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (Russia)

USAID - US Agency for International Development

USGS - United States Geological Survey

UTC - Coordinated Universal Time

VAAC - Volcanic Ash Advisory Center

VAFTAD - Volcanic Ash Forecast Transport And Dispersion

VDAP - Volcano Disaster Assistance Program (USGS)

VHP - Volcano Hazards Program (USGS)

VRC - Volcano Research Center (Japan)

Facebook Icon Twitter Icon
Global Volcanism Program  ·  Department of Mineral Sciences  ·  National Museum of Natural History
Smithsonian Institution  © 2013 & Terms of Use | Privacy Policy   ·   
Report for Etna
Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo (INGV) reported that an eruption at Etna continued during 8-14 July. The eruption was characterized by a gradual increase of Strombolian activity within the Voragine Crater on 10 July, and ash emissions on 11 July. The Toulouse VAAC issued advisories for an ash emission that rose about 1 km above the summit (12,000 ft a.s.l.) and drifted S. After a few days of decreased activity, explosions gradually increased in the NE Crater (NEC) and Voragine on 14 July, generating ash emissions that quickly dispersed above the craters; light ash emissions continued afterwards from both craters. The amplitude of volcanic tremor rapidly fluctuated between medium and high levels. Signal locations shifted from an area just E of the Voragine crater to the SE Crater area on 12 July, and then shifted again to the NEC area on 14 July.
Sources: Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo (INGV), Toulouse Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC)
Report for Ijen
Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) raised the Alert Level at Ijen from 1 to 2 (on a scale of 1-4) at 2200 on 12 July (local time). The recommended exclusion zone radius was expanded from 500 to 1,500 m away from the crater due to a notable increase in seismic energy, as well as an increase in continuous tremor amplitudes. Realtime seismic amplitude measurement (RSAM) analysis has shown that seismic energy has slowly increased since 1 January 2023. However, a significant increase in energy was observed from 1700 through 2100 on 12 July, along with an increase in continuous tremor amplitudes starting at 2110. From 1 June through 12 July there was a decreasing trend in the number of both shallow volcanic earthquakes (Type B/vulkanik dangkal) and deep volcanic earthquakes (Type A/vulkanik dalam), while the number of other types of earthquakes fluctuated normally. On 30 June the surface temperature of the crater lake water was 34°C, which falls within the normal range. Weak to moderate fumarolic activity was observed, characterized by dense white emissions. The color of the water appeared turquoise green, as usual, with no visible gas bubbles on the surface of the lake. The smell of sulfur gas was moderately strong, and sulfur spherules were observed at the edge of the crater lake. White emissions were observed rising 50-100 m above the summit on 10, 12-13, and 16 July, and 50-200 m on 14 July. Emission observations were not reported on 11 or 15 July. Seismicity during 10-16 July included daily gas emission events and continuous tremor, volcanic earthquakes during 13-16 July, and a volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquake on 16 July. PVMBG reminded the public to stay vigilant of the potential for poisonous gases emanating from the crater lake.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Karymsky
The Kamchatka Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that moderate explosive activity continued at Karymsky during 4-11 July. Satellite data analyzed by KVERT showed that explosions on 5-7 and 10 July generated ash plumes that rose about 2.5 km above the summit (to 4 km a.s.l.) and drifted as far as 80 km NE and E. Additionally, a thermal anomaly was observed over the volcano during 5-7 and 10 July; weather clouds prevented observations in satellite images on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are reported in UTC; specific events are in local time where noted.
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)
Report for Matthew Island
Pilots reported small low-level eruptions at Matthew Island, about 440 km E of the southern end of New Caledonia, at 0409 and 2150 on 16 July (UTC). However, ash was not visible in satellite data for either event.
Source: Wellington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)
Report for Stromboli
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) reported that eruptive activity continued at Stromboli during 8-14 July. Lava flows that started on 4 July from two eruptive vents, located at approximately 485 and 510 m a.s.l. along the Sciara del Fuoco, had ended by 12 July.

Starting at around 1208 on 11 July (UTC), a series of explosive events over about 8 minutes generated pyroclastic flows that rapidly descended to the shoreline and continued into and across the surface of the sea. The first explosion took place in Area C-S, releasing moderately hot ash. Another explosion from Area N then created an eruption column that reached approximately 5 km above sea level and dispersed towards the WSW. Almost simultaneously, a pyroclastic flow descended along the Sciara del Fuoco and reached the coastline in about 23 seconds, traveling at a speed of approximately 58 m/s. The sequence concluded with a series of secondary pyroclastic flows between 1210 and 1215. Both effusive and explosive activities ceased within hours after these events, except for a single final explosion at 0828 on 12 July that triggered a small landslide from the exterior of the N crater.

Thermal anomalies with high-level thermal flux values (greater than 100 MW) were identified in satellite images during both the effusive and explosive activity. The thermal flux values slightly increased at 1157 on 11 July, about 11 minutes before the explosion sequence, and then dropped at 1352 (SEVIRI sensor onboard the Meteosat Second Generation satellite). Dipartimento della Protezione Civile maintained the Alert Level at Red (the highest level on a four-level scale).
Sources: Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo (INGV), Dipartimento della Protezione Civile
Report for Whakaari/White Island
GeoNet reported moderate emissions of steam, gas, and minor ash at Whakaari/White Island during 10-12 July. The continuous, moderate emissions rose from an enlarged vent on the crater floor where the crater lake has almost disappeared. The intermittent observations of ash were thought to originate from the walls of the vent eroded by vigorous degassing, and do not represent new eruptive activity; no ash was detected in the plume outside of the crater. The Volcanic Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 0-5) and the Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow (the second level on a four-color scale).
Source: GeoNet
Report for Aira
Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported ongoing eruptive activity at Minamidake Crater (Aira Caldera’s Sakurajima volcano) during 8-15 July. Nighttime crater incandescence was visible. An explosion at 2123 on 10 July produced an ash plume that rose 2.3 km above the crater rim and drifted E, and also ejected large blocks up to 1.1 km from the vent. An explosion at 1819 on 14 July produced an ash plume that rose 4.5 km above the crater rim and drifted NE, with large blocks ejected up to 1.4 km from the vent. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a 5-level scale), and the public was warned to stay 1 km away from both craters.
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)
Report for Ebeko
The Kamchatka Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that moderate explosive activity was ongoing at Ebeko during 4-11 July. Webcam images showed explosions on 5 and 7 July that generated ash plumes that rose about 1.9 km above the summit (to 3 km a.s.l.); satellite data confirmed the ash plume drifted as far as 30 km NE. A thermal anomaly was observed over the volcano during 5-7 July in satellite images analyzed by KVERT; weather clouds prevented views on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are reported in UTC; specific events are in local time where noted.
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)
Report for Fuego
Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 10-16 July. Daily explosions were recorded by the seismic network, ranging from 2-11 explosions per hour. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km in multiple directions. The explosions produced block avalanches that descended various drainages including the Ceniza (SSW), Seca (W), Taniluyá (SW), Trinidad (SSW), and Las Lajas (SE), and Honda (E), and often reached vegetated areas. Weak rumbling sounds and shock waves were reported on most days. Ashfall was reported on 10, 12, 14, and 16 July in areas downwind including Panimaché I and II (8 km SW) Finca Paloverde (10 km SW), El Porvenir (10 km S), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), Sangre de Cristo (10 km SW), Morelia (10 km SW), Los Yucales (12 km SW), Yepocápa (8 km NW), and other nearby communities. Ashfall was forecast for areas downwind on some of the other days. The explosions also ejected incandescent material up to 100 m above the summit during 10-11 and 13-16 July. On 12 July lahars descended the Las Lajas, Seca, and Mineral drainages, carrying tree branches, trunks, and blocks as large as 1.5 m in diameter.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)
Report for Great Sitkin
Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) reported that slow lava effusion in Great Sitkin’s summit crater likely continued during 10-16 July. Seismicity was low with few daily small earthquakes recorded by the seismic network. Daily clear webcam views showed minor steaming from the active lava flow, and on 15 July elevated surface temperatures were detected by satellite. The Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch (the third level on a four-level scale) and the Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third color on a four-color scale).
Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)
Report for Ibu
Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported continuing activity at Ibu during 10-16 July. Emissions were observed daily; white and gray, gray, and sometimes gray-to-black plumes rose as high as 2 km above the summit. Seismicity included harmonic tremor episodes, frequent gas emission signals, and 2-52 daily explosion events. The Alert Level remained at 3 (the second highest level on a four-level scale) and the public was advised to stay 4 km away from the active crater and 5 km away from the N crater wall opening.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Kanlaon
Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported that moderate emissions at Kanlaon rose 100-400 m and drifted in several directions during 11-16 July. Sulfur dioxide emissions were as high as 2,556 tonnes per day measured on 13 July. There were 2-19 daily volcanic earthquakes recorded by the seismic network. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 0-5) and PHIVOLCS reminded the public to remain outside of the 4-km-radius Permanent Danger Zone.
Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)
Report for Lewotobi
Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that eruptive activity at Lewotobi Laki-laki continued during 10-16 July. Emissions rose 50-1,000 m above the summit during each day; emissions were described as white and gray on 10, 12, and 16 July, and gray on 11 and 13-15 July. Seismicity included frequent gas emission signals, volcanic earthquakes, rockfall events, low-frequency (LF) earthquakes, and 5-8 daily explosive events. The Alert Level remained at 3 (the second highest level on a scale of 1-4) and the public was warned to stay outside of the exclusion zone, defined as a 3-km radius around both Laki-laki and Perempuan craters, 4 km to the NNW and SSE of Laki-laki.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Lewotolok
Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported continuing activity at Lewotolok during 10-16 July. White emissions were observed daily, reaching heights of up to 300 m above the summit. Seismicity included frequent gas emission signals, non-harmonic tremor, and volcanic earthquakes. Crater incandescence was observed in webcam images during most nights. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 1-4) and the public was warned to stay 2 km away from the vent and 2.5 km away on the S, SE, and W flanks.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Marapi
Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that eruptive activity at Marapi (on Sumatra) was ongoing during 10-16 July. On 10 July at 1656 a VONA was issued. Gray emissions rose 1,000 m above the summit and drifted NE. White gas-and-steam plumes rose 100-300 m above the summit and drifted multiple directions during 11, 13, and 16 July. Emissions were not observed on the other days. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 1-4), and the public was warned to stay 3 km away from the active crater.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Merapi
Balai Penyelidikan dan Pengembangan Teknologi Kebencanaan Geologi (BPPTKG) reported that the eruption at Merapi (on Java) continued during 5-11 July. On 7 July white emissions rose 700 m above the summit. The SW lava dome produced 131 lava avalanches that traveled as far as 2.0 km down the upper part of the Bebeng drainage on the SW flank and as far as 900 m down the Boyong drainage on the S flank. One pyroclastic flow descended the SW flank as far as 1.3 km. Morphological changes to the SW lava dome were due to continuing effusion and collapses of material. Seismicity increased in intensity compared to the previous week. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 1-4), and the public was warned to stay 3-7 km away from the summit, based on location.
Source: Balai Penyelidikan dan Pengembangan Teknologi Kebencanaan Geologi (BPPTKG)
Report for Nevado del Ruiz
Servicio Geológico Colombiano’s (SGC) Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Manizales reported that eruptive activity at Nevado del Ruiz continued during 9-15 July. The number of seismic events associated with fluid movement decreased in both magnitude and number compared to the previous week but were variable throughout the week. Through webcams and visual observations by officials at Parque Nacional Natural de Los Nevados, several as emissions associated with these events were confirmed. Seismicity associated with rock fracturing decreased in the number of events but maintained similar magnitudes compared to the previous week; these earthquakes at depths of 1-7 km below the summit were primarily located within 4 km of Arenas Crater and the NE sector. The largest events were M 1.2 which were detected at 0319 on 13 July (about 1 km NW and 2 km deep) and 1222 on 14 July (to the N and 4 km deep). Seismic signals indicating lava-dome activity increased but remained of short duration and low energy level. Sulfur dioxide emissions were variable, and gas plumes rose as high as 1.5 km above the crater rim and drifted NW, W, and WSW. Thermal anomalies on the crater floor were identified in satellite data, though weather conditions often inhibited views. The Alert Level remained at Yellow (the second level on a four-level scale), and the public was warned to stay out of the restricted areas around Arenas Crater.
Source: Servicio Geológico Colombiano (SGC)
Report for Popocatepetl
Centro Nacional de Prevención de Desastres (CENAPRED) reported that eruptive activity continued at Popocatépetl during 10-16 July. Daily activity consisted of 5-22 long-period (LP) events that were accompanied by emissions of gas, steam, and small quantities of ash. Additionally, volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquakes were registered on 11, 12, and 16 July. The most significant VT earthquake was a M1.9 that occurred at 0905 on 16 July. Continuous gas-and-steam emissions were observed on some mornings; plumes dispersed towards the WSW and WNW. The Alert Level remained at Yellow, Phase Two (the middle level on a three-color scale) and the public was warned to stay at least 12 km away from the crater.
Source: Centro Nacional de Prevencion de Desastres (CENAPRED)
Report for Sabancaya
Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP) reported that moderate levels of eruptive activity continued at Sabancaya during 9-14 July. A daily average of 55 explosions were recorded, ejecting ash-and-gas emissions as high as 2.2 km above the summit. The emissions dispersed as far as 10 km in the E and SE directions. Seismicity also included a total of 393 earthquakes associated with magma and gas movement, as well as earthquakes related to rock-fracturing processes inside or near the volcano. Slight inflation of the N sector of the volcano complex continued (near Nevado Hualca Hualca, located approximately 7 km N). Sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions were classified as moderate, with an average of 525 tons per day. Additionally, a combined total of 31 thermal anomalies were detected by both the MIROVA monitoring system and the NASA FIRMS monitoring system in the area of the lava dome within the crater (with a maximum value of 25 MW). The Alert Level remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale) and the public was reminded to stay at least 12 km away from the summit crater in all directions.
Source: Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP)
Report for Santa Maria
Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported that high-level eruptive activity continued at Santa Maria’s Santiaguito lava-dome complex during 10-16 July with lava extrusion, block collapses, and avalanches at the Caliente dome complex. The continuous effusion of blocky lava produced block avalanches on the dome’s flanks and occasional short-range pyroclastic flows that descended multiple flanks. During most nights and early mornings incandescence was visible around Caliente dome and along the upper parts of the lava flow on the WSW flank. Lava extrusion fed the upper parts of the lava flow, and block avalanches occasionally traveled over the lava flow. Daily explosions (a few per hour on most days) generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose 700-900 m above the summit and drifted mainly NW, W, and SW. Ashfall was reported in San Marcos (8 km SW) and Loma Linda Palajunoj (7 km SW) on 14 July. On 10 July a lahar descended the Tambor river in the SSW sector of the volcano carrying tree trunks, branches, and volcanic blocks up to 1 m in diameter. Weather conditions sometimes prevented visual observations.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)
Report for Semeru
Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that eruptive activity decreased at Semeru during 10-16 July. Daily eruptive events, sometimes several per day, were recorded by the seismic network though plumes were not always visually confirmed; plumes rose as high as 800 m above the summit and drifted primarily SW and W. On 15 July the Alert Level decreased from 3 to 2 (on a scale of 1-4). The public was warned to stay at least 3 km away from the summit in all directions, 8 km from the summit to the SE, 500 m from the banks of the Kobokan drainage as far as 13 km from the summit, and to avoid other drainages including the Bang, Kembar, and Sat, due to lahar, avalanche, and pyroclastic flow hazards.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Sheveluch
The Kamchatka Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that eruptive activity at Sheveluch continued during 4-11 July. Vigorous degassing activity accompanied the effusive eruption in the crater of Young Sheveluch, as well as the growth of the "300 years of RAS" lava dome on the SW flank of Old Sheveluch. Thermal anomalies were observed in both areas on 5-8 and 11 July in satellite images analyzed by KVERT. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are reported in UTC; specific events are in local time where noted.
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)
Report for Taal
Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported that daily moderately dense to dense emissions rose as high as 2.4 km above the rim of Taal’s Main Crater and drifted several directions. Sulfur dioxide emissions peaked at 11,745 tonnes per day (t/d) on 11 July, but by 15 July were back below the 2024 average of 7,895 t/d at 5,236 t/d. A phreatic event on 13 July lasted one minute based on seismic and infrasound data, and generated emissions that rose 1.5 km above Main Crater and drifted SW. The Alert Level remained at 1 (on a scale of 0-5), and PHIVOLCS reminded the public that the entire Taal Volcano Island was a Permanent Danger Zone (PDZ) and to take extra precaution around Main Crater and along the Daang Kastila fissure.
Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)
Report for Tungurahua
Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) reported that seismic stations installed at Tungurahua recorded high-frequency signals that may be associated with the descent of lahars through the volcano's ravines, particularly given that rain was confirmed in the area. IG-EPN advised people to stay away from channels, streams, and rivers near the volcano.
Source: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN)
Report for Villarrica
Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería (SERNAGEOMIN) reported that an energetic explosion, more significant than the usual Strombolian events at Villarrica, ejected ballistics up to 500 m above the crater rim and as far as 1,400 m along the WNW flank (near the head of Correntoso valley) at 2104 on 10 July. The explosion also generated a column of ash and gas that reached over 600 m above the crater rim and was accompanied by a long-period (LP) earthquake. Following the explosion, the seismic energy levels remained low. However, infrasound observations suggest recurrent lava lake activity, with temporal variations in the level of activity. The volcano is currently exhibiting a heightened level of activity that exceeds its usual baseline. This includes signs of energetic instability that surpass the typical Strombolian activity usually recorded, with no precursory activity. The hazard zone radius was expanded from 500 to 2,000 m from the center of the crater as of 1130 on 12 July.
Sources: Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería (SERNAGEOMIN), Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino (SEGEMAR)