Global Volcanism Program | Andahua-Orcopampa

The Global Volcanism Program has no activity reports available for Andahua-Orcopampa.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Weekly Reports available for Andahua-Orcopampa.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Bulletin Reports available for Andahua-Orcopampa.

Basic Data

Volcano Number

Last Known Eruption

Elevation

Latitude
Longitude

354004

1490 CE

4,713 m / 15,463 ft

15.42°S
72.33°W

Morphology

Volcano Landform
Cluster

Volcano Types
Volcanic field
Pyroclastic cone(s)

Rock Types

Major
Trachyandesite / Basaltic Trachyandesite

Minor
Trachyte / Trachydacite

Tectonic Setting

Subduction zone
Continental crust (> 25 km)

Population

Within 5 km
Within 10 km
Within 30 km
Within 100 km

10,317
10,317
16,541
171,897

Geological Summary

The Andahua-Orcopampa volcanic field in the Andahua (or Andagua) valley area, 20 km ENE of Nevados de Coropuna, is a large 60 x 60 km scoria cone and lava field. Known locally as the "Valley of the Volcanoes," the field lies in a series of deep NNW-SSE-trending, en-echelon valleys: Orcopampa, Andahua, and Ayo. The field contains youthful dominantly trachyandesitic cinder cones and lava flows that have destroyed buildings and may be only a few hundred years old. The area was reported to have been active during the time of the Incas and to have "become active again" in 1913. Lava flows have repeatedly dammed the Río Andagua valley, and an existing small lake was impounded by the youngest lavas.

References

The following references have all been used during the compilation of data for this volcano, it is not a comprehensive bibliography.

de Silva S L, Francis P W, 1990. Potentially active volcanoes of Peru - observations using Landsat Thematic Mapper and Space Shuttle imagery. Bulletin of Volcanology, 52: 286-301.

Delacour A, Gerbe M-C, Thouret J-C, Worner G, Paquereau-Lebti P, 2007. Magma evolution of Quaternary minor volcanic centres in southern Peru, Central Andes. Bulletin of Volcanology, 69: 581-608. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-006-0096-z

Galas A, 2011. The extent and volcanic structures of the Quaternary Andahua Group, Andes, southern Peru. Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae v. 81, p. 1-19.

IAVCEI, 1973-80. Post-Miocene Volcanoes of the World. IAVCEI Data Sheets, Rome: Internatl Assoc Volc Chemistry Earth's Interior.

Parodi-I A, 1975. Volcanes del Peru. Soc Geog Lima Bull, 94: 20-23.

Ruprecht P, Worner G, 2007. Variable regimes in magma systems documented in plagioclase zoning patterns: El Misti stratovolcano and Andahua monogenetic cones. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 165(3-4): 142-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2007.06.002

Sapper K, 1917. Katalog der Geschichtlichen Vulkanausbruche. Strasbourg: Karl J Trubner, 358 p.

Shippee R, 1932. Lost valleys of Peru: results of the Shippee-Johnson Peruvian expedition. Geog Rev, 22: 562-581.

Sorensen E V, Holm P M, 2008. Petrological inferences on the evolution of magmas erupted in the Andagua Valley, Peru (Central Volcanic Zone). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 177(2): 378-396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.05.021

Eruptive History

There is data available for 3 confirmed Holocene eruptive periods.

[ 1913 Mar 6 ] Uncertain Eruption

Episode 1 \| Eruption (Explosive / Effusive)
1913 Mar 6 - Unknown				Evidence from Unknown

1490 ± 40 years Confirmed Eruption (Explosive / Effusive)

Episode 1 | Eruption (Explosive / Effusive)

Chilcayoc Grande

1490 ± 40 years - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)

List of 4 Events for Episode 1 at Chilcayoc Grande

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Cinder Cone
- - - -	- - - -	Ash

0940 BCE ± 100 years Confirmed Eruption (Explosive / Effusive)

Episode 1 | Eruption (Explosive / Effusive)

Cerro Maurus I

0940 BCE ± 100 years - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)

List of 4 Events for Episode 1 at Cerro Maurus I

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Cinder Cone
- - - -	- - - -	Ash

2110 BCE ± 50 years Confirmed Eruption (Explosive / Effusive)

Episode 1 | Eruption (Explosive / Effusive)

Cerro Tichsó

2110 BCE ± 50 years - Unknown

Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)

List of 4 Events for Episode 1 at Cerro Tichsó

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
- - - -	- - - -	Lava flow
- - - -	- - - -	Cinder Cone
- - - -	- - - -	Scoria

This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.

Synonyms

Andagua Valley | Orcopampa Volcanic Field | Andahua Valley | Andagua-Orcopampa

Cones

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Achacara, Loma

Pyroclastic cone

4150 m

15° 20' 0.00" S

72° 19' 41.00" W

Antaymarca, Volcán

Pyroclastic cone

Challhue Mauras, Volcán

Pyroclastic cone

4319 m

15° 22' 8.00" S

72° 19' 59.00" W

Chilcayoc Grande, Volcán

Pyroclastic cone

3150 m

15° 31' 59.00" S

72° 17' 17.00" W

Chilcayoc, Volcánes

Pyroclastic cone

3300 m

15° 31' 0.00" S

72° 18' 47.00" W

Cochapampa, Cerro

Pyroclastic cone

Cruz, Cerro la

Pyroclastic cone

Jajarana, Cerro

Pyroclastic cone

4600 m

15° 19' 23.00" S

72° 25' 1.00" W

Jatun

Pyroclastic cone

Jechapita, Volcán

Pyroclastic cone

3350 m

15° 32' 0.00" S

72° 18' 40.00" W

Jenchana, Volcán

Pyroclastic cone

3550 m

15° 31' 1.00" S

72° 20' 35.00" W

Mauras, Cerro

Pyroclastic cone

4250 m

15° 20' 6.00" S

72° 19' 34.00" W

Misahuana Mauras, Volcán

Pyroclastic cone

4713 m

15° 15' 25.00" S

72° 28' 59.00" W

Pabellon Mauras, Volcán

Pyroclastic cone

4507 m

15° 17' 10.00" S

72° 27' 32.00" W

Pichihua, Cerro

Pyroclastic cone

4650 m

15° 17' 28.00" S

72° 25' 59.00" W

Pucu Mauras, Cerro

Pyroclastic cone

4287 m

15° 25' 26.00" S

72° 20' 13.00" W

Puma Ranga, Cerro

Pyroclastic cone

4653 m

15° 16' 0.00" S

72° 27' 29.00" W

Santa Rosa

Pyroclastic cone

Sayhua, Cerro

Pyroclastic cone

4650 m

15° 16' 1.00" S

72° 27' 22.00" W

Soporo

Pyroclastic cone

Tichso, Cerro

Pyroclastic cone

3900 m

15° 28' 52.00" S

72° 22' 34.00" W

Uchuy

Pyroclastic cone

Yana Mauras, Volcán

Pyroclastic cone

4588 m

15° 18' 43.00" S

72° 25' 59.00" W

Yanamauras, Cerro

Pyroclastic cone

3775 m

15° 28' 41.00" S

72° 20' 53.00" W

Photo Gallery

The cinder cones at the center and upper right, surrounded by a prominent field of lava flows, are located in the Andahua valley, known locally as the "Valley of the Volcanoes." The large 60 x 60 km scoria cone and lava field contains extremely youthful lava flows, some of which may be only a few hundred years old. The volcanic field was reported to have been active during the time of the Incas. Lava flows have repeatedly dammed the Río Andagua valley, and an existing small lake was impounded by the youngest lavas.

Photo by Norm Banks, 1988 (U.S. Geological Survey).

Smithsonian Sample Collections Database

There are no samples for Andahua-Orcopampa in the Smithsonian's NMNH Department of Mineral Sciences Rock and Ore collection.

External Sites

Copernicus Browser

The Copernicus Browser replaced the Sentinel Hub Playground browser in 2023, to provide access to Earth observation archives from the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem, the main distribution platform for data from the EU Copernicus missions.

MIROVA

Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity (MIROVA) is a near real time volcanic hot-spot detection system based on the analysis of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. In particular, MIROVA uses the Middle InfraRed Radiation (MIR), measured over target volcanoes, in order to detect, locate and measure the heat radiation sourced from volcanic activity.

MODVOLC Thermal Alerts

Using infrared satellite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, scientists at the Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i, developed an automated system called MODVOLC to map thermal hot-spots in near real time. For each MODIS image, the algorithm automatically scans each 1 km pixel within it to check for high-temperature hot-spots. When one is found the date, time, location, and intensity are recorded. MODIS looks at every square km of the Earth every 48 hours, once during the day and once during the night, and the presence of two MODIS sensors in space allows at least four hot-spot observations every two days. Each day updated global maps are compiled to display the locations of all hot spots detected in the previous 24 hours. There is a drop-down list with volcano names which allow users to 'zoom-in' and examine the distribution of hot-spots at a variety of spatial scales.

WOVOdat
   Single Volcano View
   Temporal Evolution of Unrest
   Side by Side Volcanoes

WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. It is sponsored by the World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and presently hosted at the Earth Observatory of Singapore.

GVMID Data on Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure The Global Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure Database GVMID, is aimed at documenting and improving capabilities of volcano monitoring from the ground and space. GVMID should provide a snapshot and baseline view of the techniques and instrumentation that are in place at various volcanoes, which can be use by volcano observatories as reference to setup new monitoring system or improving networks at a specific volcano. These data will allow identification of what monitoring gaps exist, which can be then targeted by remote sensing infrastructure and future instrument deployments.

Volcanic Hazard Maps

The IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Hazards and Risk has a Volcanic Hazard Maps database designed to serve as a resource for hazard mappers (or other interested parties) to explore how common issues in hazard map development have been addressed at different volcanoes, in different countries, for different hazards, and for different intended audiences. In addition to the comprehensive, searchable Volcanic Hazard Maps Database, this website contains information about diversity of volcanic hazard maps, illustrated using examples from the database. This site is for educational purposes related to volcanic hazard maps. Hazard maps found on this website should not be used for emergency purposes. For the most recent, official hazard map for a particular volcano, please seek out the proper institutional authorities on the matter.

IRIS seismic stations/networks

Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Services map showing the location of seismic stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 0.18° (about 20 km at mid-latitudes) from the given location of Andahua-Orcopampa. Users can customize a variety of filters and options in the left panel. Note that if there are no stations are known the map will default to show the entire world with a "No data matched request" error notice.

UNAVCO GPS/GNSS stations

Geodetic Data Services map from UNAVCO showing the location of GPS/GNSS stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 20 km from the given location of Andahua-Orcopampa. Users can customize the data search based on station or network names, location, and time window. Requires Adobe Flash Player.

DECADE Data

The DECADE portal, still in the developmental stage, serves as an example of the proposed interoperability between The Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program, the Mapping Gas Emissions (MaGa) Database, and the EarthChem Geochemical Portal. The Deep Earth Carbon Degassing (DECADE) initiative seeks to use new and established technologies to determine accurate global fluxes of volcanic CO₂ to the atmosphere, but installing CO₂ monitoring networks on 20 of the world's 150 most actively degassing volcanoes. The group uses related laboratory-based studies (direct gas sampling and analysis, melt inclusions) to provide new data for direct degassing of deep earth carbon to the atmosphere.

Large Eruptions of Andahua-Orcopampa

Information about large Quaternary eruptions (VEI >= 4) is cataloged in the Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions (LaMEVE) database of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA).

EarthChem

EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA). IEDA is a collaborative effort of EarthChem and the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS).