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Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report

Weekly Volcanic Activity Map

The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is a cooperative project between the Smithsonian's Global Volcanism Program and the US Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Updated by 2300 UTC every Wednesday and averaging 16 reported volcanoes, this is not a comprehensive list of all eruptions this week, but rather a summary of activity that meet criteria discussed in the "Criteria and Disclaimers" section below.

Volcanic activity reported here is preliminary and subject to change. Carefully reviewed, detailed narratives over longer time periods are published as reports of the Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network available through volcano profile pages.

Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for the week of 18 September-24 September 2024
Name Country Volcanic Province Eruption Start Date Report Status
Bagana Papua New Guinea Solomon Volcanic Arc 2000 Feb 28 (in or before) New
Kanlaon Philippines Negros-Sulu Volcanic Arc 2024 Jun 3 New
Kilauea United States Hawaiian-Emperor Hotspot Volcano Group — New
Sumisujima Japan Izu Volcanic Arc — New
Whakaari/White Island New Zealand Taupo Volcanic Zone 2024 May 24 New
Aira Japan Ryukyu Volcanic Arc 2017 Mar 25 Continuing
Ebeko Russia Kuril Volcanic Arc 2022 Jun 11 Continuing
Erta Ale Ethiopia Afar Rift Volcanic Province 1967 Jul 2 (in or before) ± 182 days Continuing
Etna Italy Sicily Volcanic Province 2022 Nov 27 Continuing
Fuego Guatemala Central America Volcanic Arc 2002 Jan 4 Continuing
Great Sitkin United States Aleutian Ridge Volcanic Arc 2021 May 25 Continuing
Ibu Indonesia Halmahera Volcanic Arc 2008 Apr 5 Continuing
Karymsky Russia Eastern Kamchatka Volcanic Arc 2024 Jun 20 Continuing
Kelimutu Indonesia Sunda Volcanic Arc — Continuing
Lewotobi Indonesia Sunda Volcanic Arc 2023 Dec 23 Continuing
Merapi Indonesia Sunda Volcanic Arc 2020 Dec 31 Continuing
Rincon de la Vieja Costa Rica Central America Volcanic Arc 2021 Jun 28 Continuing
Sangay Ecuador Northern Andean Volcanic Arc 2019 Mar 26 Continuing
Santa Maria Guatemala Central America Volcanic Arc 1922 Jun 22 Continuing
Semeru Indonesia Sunda Volcanic Arc 2017 Jun 6 Continuing
Sheveluch Russia Eastern Kamchatka Volcanic Arc 1999 Aug 15 Continuing
Suwanosejima Japan Ryukyu Volcanic Arc 2004 Oct 23 Continuing
All times are local unless otherwise stated.
Weekly Reports Archive

Since the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report began in November 2000, there have been 20,505 individual reports over 1,238 weeks (average of 17 per week) on 336 different volcanoes.

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Agung Cotopaxi Iliamna Little Sitkin Planchon-Peteroa Stromboli
Ahyi Cuicocha Iliwerung Llaima Poas Sulu Range
Aira Cumbal Inielika Lokon-Empung Popocatepetl Sumbing
Akan Dabbahu Ioto Lonquimay Purace Sumisujima
Alaid Davidof Irazu Lopevi Puyehue-Cordon Caulle Sundoro
Alu-Dalafilla Dempo Iya Machin Rabaul Suoh
Ambae Descabezado Grande Izu-Torishima Makushin Raikoke Suretamatai
Ambang Dieng Volcanic Complex Jackson Segment Maly Semyachik Ranakah Suwanosejima
Ambrym Dukono Kaba Manam Raoul Island Taal
Anatahan East Epi Kadovar Manda Hararo Rasshua Tair, Jebel at
Aniakchak Ebeko Kaitoku Seamount Marapi Raung Takawangha
Antillanca Volcanic Complex Ebulobo Kama'ehuakanaloa Maroa Redoubt Talang
Antuco Edgecumbe Kambalny Martin Reventador Tambora
Apoyeque Egon Kanaga Masaya Reykjanes Tanaga
Arenal Ekarma Kanlaon Matthew Island Rincon de la Vieja Tandikat-Singgalang
Asamayama Eldey Karangetang Maule, Laguna del Rinjani Tangkoko-Duasudara
Askja Erebus Karkar Mauna Loa Ritter Island Tangkuban Parahu
Asosan Erta Ale Karthala Mayon Rotorua Tara, Batu
Atka Volcanic Complex Etna Karymsky McDonald Islands Ruang Ta'u
Augustine Etorofu-Yakeyama [Grozny Group] Kasatochi Melebingoy Ruapehu Taupo
Avachinsky Eyjafjallajokull Katla Melimoyu Ruby Telica
Awu Fagradalsfjall Katmai Merapi Ruiz, Nevado del Tenerife
Axial Seamount Fernandina Kavachi Midagahara Sabancaya Tengger Caldera
Azul, Cerro Fogo Kelimutu Misti, El Sakar Three Sisters
Azumayama Fonualei Kelud Miyakejima Salak Tinakula
Bagana Fournaise, Piton de la Kerinci Momotombo San Cristobal Tofua
Balbi Fourpeaked Ketoi Monowai San Miguel Tokachidake
Bamus Fuego Kharimkotan Montagu Island San Vicente Tolbachik
Banda Api Fujisan Kick 'em Jenny Moyorodake [Medvezhia] Sangay Toliman
Bardarbunga Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba Kie Besi Mutnovsky Sangeang Api Tongariro
Barren Island Galeras Kikai Myojinsho Santa Ana Trident
Batur Galunggung Kilauea Nabro Santa Maria Tungurahua
Bezymianny Gamalama Kirishimayama Negra, Sierra Sao Jorge Turrialba
Bogoslof Gamkonora Kita-Ioto Negro, Cerro Sarigan Ubinas
Brava Gareloi Kizimen Nightingale Island Sarychev Peak Ugashik-Peulik
Bristol Island Gaua Klyuchevskoy Nishinoshima Saunders Ukinrek Maars
Bulusan Gorely Kolokol Group Nisyros Savo Ulawun
Calbuco Great Sitkin Koryaksky Novarupta Semeru Unnamed
Callaqui Grimsvotn Krakatau NW Rota-1 Semisopochnoi Unnamed
Cameroon Guagua Pichincha Krummel-Garbuna-Welcker Nyamulagira Seulawah Agam Veniaminof
Campi Flegrei Guallatiri Krysuvik-Trolladyngja Nyiragongo Sheveluch Villarrica
Campi Flegrei del Mar di Sicilia Guntur Kuchinoerabujima Ofu-Olosega Shishaldin Vulcano
Cayambe Hachijojima Kurikomayama Okataina Simbo West Mata
Chachadake [Tiatia] Hakoneyama Kusatsu-Shiranesan Okmok Sinabung Westdahl
Chaiten Heard Kverkfjoll Ontakesan Sinarka Whakaari/White Island
Chiginagak Hekla La Palma Oraefajokull Siple Witori
Chikurachki Helgrindur Lamington Osorno Sirung Wolf
Chiles-Cerro Negro Hierro Lamongan Pacaya Slamet Wrangell
Chillan, Nevados de Hokkaido-Komagatake Langila Pagan Snaefellsjokull Yakedake
Chirinkotan Home Reef Lanin Palena Volcanic Group Soputan Yasur
Chirpoi Hood Lascar Paluweh Sorikmarapi Yellowstone
Ciremai Huaynaputina Late Panarea Sotara Yufu-Tsurumi
Cleveland Hudson, Cerro Lateiki Papandayan Soufriere Hills Zaozan [Zaosan]
Colima Huila, Nevado del Lengai, Ol Doinyo Pavlof Soufriere St. Vincent Zavodovski
Colo Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Leroboleng Pelee South Sarigan Seamount Zhupanovsky
Concepcion Ibu Lewotobi Peuet Sague Spurr Zubair Group
Copahue Ijen Lewotolok Pinatubo St. Helens
 News Feeds and Google Placemarks


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The RSS (Really Simple Syndication) feed is identical to the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report minus some features including the header information (latitude and longitude and summit elevation), the Geologic Summary, and a link to the volcano's page from the Global Volcanism Program. At the end of each report is a list of the sources used. Each volcano report includes a link from the volcano's name back to the more complete information in the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report on the Smithsonian website. This feature was first made available on 5 March 2008.


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A Google Earth network link for the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report can be loaded into the free Google Earth software, and in turn will load placemarks for volcanoes in the current weekly report. Placemark balloons include the volcano name, report date, report text, sources, and links back to the GVP volcano profile page and to the complete Weekly Report for that week. This feature was first made available on 1 April 2009.

 Criteria & Disclaimers

Criteria



The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report does not necessarily include all volcanic activity that occurred on Earth during the week. More than a dozen volcanoes globally have displayed more-or-less continuous eruptive activity for decades or longer, and such routine activity is typically not reported here. Moreover, Earth's sea-floor volcanism is seldom reported even though in theory it represents the single most prolific source of erupted material. The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report summarizes volcanic activity that meets one or more of the following criteria:

- A volcano observatory raises or lowers the alert level at the volcano.
- A volcanic ash advisory has been released by a volcanic ash advisory center (VAAC) stating that an ash cloud has been produced from the volcano.
- A verifiable news report of new activity or a change in activity at the volcano has been issued.
- Observers have reported a significant change in volcanic activity. Such activity can include, but is not restricted to, pyroclastic flows, lahars, lava flows, dome collapse, or increased unrest.

Volcanoes are included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section of the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report if the activity occurs after at least 3 months of quiescence. Once a volcano is included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section, updates will remain in that section unless the activity continues for more than 1 month without escalating, after which time updates will be listed in the "Continuing Activity" section. Volcanoes are also included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section if the volcano is undergoing a period of relatively high unrest, or increasing unrest. This is commonly equal to Alert Level Orange on a scale of Green, Yellow, Orange, Red, where Red is the highest alert. Or alert level 3 on a scale of 1-4 or 1-5.

It is important to note that volcanic activity meeting one or more of these criteria may occur during the week, but may not be included in the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report because we did not receive a report.

Disclaimers



1. The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is intended to provide timely information about global volcanism on a weekly basis. Consequently, the report is generated rapidly by summarizing volcanic reports from various sources, with little time for fact checking. The accuracy of the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is dependent upon the quality of the volcanic activity reports we receive. Reports published in the Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network are cover longer time periods and are more carefully reviewed, although all of the volcanoes discussed in the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report are not necessarily reported in the Bulletin. Because of our emphasis on rapid reporting on the web we have avoided diacritical marks. Reports are updated on the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report web page as they are received, therefore information may be included regarding events that occurred before the current report period.

2. Rapidly developing events lead to coverage that is often fragmentary. Volcanoes, their eruptions, and their plumes and associated atmospheric effects are complex phenomena that may require months to years of data analysis in order to create a comprehensive summary and interpretation of events.

3. Preliminary accounts sometimes contain exaggerations and "false alarms," and accordingly, this report may include some events ultimately found to be erroneous or misleading.

4. Many news agencies do not archive the articles they post on the Internet, and therefore the links to some sources may not be active. To obtain information about the cited articles that are no longer available on the Internet contact the source.

5. USGS Disclaimer Statement for this Website:

Information presented on this website is considered public information and may be distributed or copied. Use of appropriate byline/photo/image credit is requested. We strongly recommend that USGS data be acquired directly from a USGS server and not through other sources that may change the data in some way. While USGS makes every effort to provide accurate and complete information, various data such as names, telephone numbers, etc. may change prior to updating. USGS welcomes suggestions on how to improve our home page and correct errors. USGS provides no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability or completeness of furnished data.

Some of the documents on this server may contain live references (or pointers) to information created and maintained by other organizations. Please note that USGS does not control and cannot guarantee the relevance, timeliness, or accuracy of these outside materials.

For site security purposes and to ensure that this service remains available to all users, this government computer system employs software programs to monitor network traffic to identify unauthorized attempts to upload or change information, or otherwise cause damage. Unauthorized attempts to upload information or change information on this website are strictly prohibited and may be punishable under the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986 and the National Information Infrastructure Protection Act. Information may also be used for authorized law enforcement investigations. (Last modified September 21, 1999.)

U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA, USA
URL: https://volcano.si.edu/reports_weekly.cfm

 Acronyms and Abbreviations

a.s.l. - above sea level

AVO - Alaska Volcano Observatory

AVHRR - Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer

CENAPRED - Centro Nacionale de Prevencion de Desastres (México)

CONRED - Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres

COSPEC - Correlation Spectrometer

CVGHM (formerly VSI) - Center of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation

CVO - Cascades Volcano Observatory (USGS)

GMS - Geostationary Meteorological Satellite

GOES - Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite

GVO - Goma Volcano Observatory

GVP - Global Volcanism Program (Smithsonian Institution)

HVO - Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (USGS)

ICE - Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad (Costa Rica)

IG - Instituto Geofísico (Ecuador)

IGNS - Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences (New Zealand) - now GNS Science

INETER - Instituto Nicaragüense de Estudios Territoriales (Nicaragua)

INGEMMET - Instituto Geológical Minero y Metalúrgico (Peru)

INGEOMINAS - Instituto Colombiano de Geología y Minería (Colombia)

INGV-CT - Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Catania (Italy)

INSIVUMEH - Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia e Hidrologia (Guatemala)

IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (France)

JMA - Japanese Meteorological Agency

KEMSD - Kamchatkan Experimental and Methodical Seismilogical Department

KVERT - Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team

M - magnitude

METEOSAT - Meteorological Satellite

MEVO - Mount Erebus Volcano Observatory

MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer

MVO - Montserrat Volcano Observatory

MWO - Meteorological Watch Office

NEIC - National Earthquake Information Center

NIED - National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (Japan)

NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NOTAM - Notice to Airmen

OVDAS - Observatorio Volcanologico de los Andes del Sur (Chile)

OFDA - Office of US Foreign Disaster Assistance

ONEMI - Oficina Nacional de Emergencia - Ministerio del Interior (Chile)

OVPDLF - Observatoire Volcanologique du Piton de la Fournaise (France)

OVSICORI-UNA - Observatorio Vulcanologico y Sismologico de Costa Rica, Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)

PHIVOLCS - Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (Philippines)

RSAM - Real-time Seismic Amplitude Measurement

RVO - Rabaul Volcano Observatory

SERNAGEOMIN - Servicio Nacional de Geologia y Mineria (Chile)

SIGMET - Significant Meteorological Information

SNET - Servicio Nacional de Estudios Territoriales (El Salvador)

SVERT - Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (Russia)

USAID - US Agency for International Development

USGS - United States Geological Survey

UTC - Coordinated Universal Time

VAAC - Volcanic Ash Advisory Center

VAFTAD - Volcanic Ash Forecast Transport And Dispersion

VDAP - Volcano Disaster Assistance Program (USGS)

VHP - Volcano Hazards Program (USGS)

VRC - Volcano Research Center (Japan)

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Report for Bagana
The Darwin VAAC reported that continuous ash plumes from Bagana were identified in satellite images rising to 3.7 km (12,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifting W and SW during 17-20 September. Weather clouds sometimes obscured views.
Source: Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC)
Report for Kanlaon
Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported continuing unrest at Kanlaon during 17-24 September, characterized by increased seismicity and sulfur dioxide emissions. The seismic network recorded five volcanic earthquakes during 17-18 September and 15-55 daily volcanic earthquakes during the rest of the week. Weather clouds obscured views of the summit during 17-19 September. Voluminous gas-and-steam emissions rose 300-800 m above the summit and drifted in multiple directions during 20-23 September. Sulfur dioxide emissions were recorded daily and continued to be high, averaging 5,362-10,449 tonnes/day. According to a Disaster Response Operations Monitoring and Information Center (DROMIC) report there were a total of 3,905 people in evacuation centers as of 22 September. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 0-5) and PHIVOLCS reminded the public to remain outside of the 4-km-radius Permanent Danger Zone and warned pilots not to fly close to the volcano.
Sources: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS), Disaster Response Operations Monitoring and Information Center (DROMIC)
Report for Kilauea
Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) reported that the eruption at Kilauea which began on 15 September from fissures to the W of Napau Crater and on the crater floor continued during 17-19 September, and then paused on 20 September. The eruption area is located in a remote section of the middle East Rift Zone. The opening of new fissures on the Napau Crater floor during 0400-0500 on 17 September was detected using infrasound signals, a thermal anomaly identified in a GOES satellite image, and webcam views. During an overflight later that morning, scientists observed lava fountaining 10 m high along the fissures and lava flows advancing on the crater floor. The activity was vigorous but had started to wane by the afternoon. During an overflight on the morning of 18 September, volcanologists observed only minor activity on the crater floor. Only one vent was active and produced low lava fountains in a tiny pond, and there was some residual movement of lava along a margin of the flow field. A small new flow at the W end of the fissure system was inactive. Steam-and-gas continued to be emitted from the fissures to the W of the crater that had opened on 15 September.

New fissures opened W of the crater at around 1515 on 18 September. Flows from lava fountains along the fissure rapidly advanced E and cascaded down the NW wall of Napau Crater onto the crater floor. Sulfur dioxide emissions averaged 10,000 tonnes per day, associated with the opening of the new vents. The lava falls continued overnight during 18-19 September and by around 1000 on 19 September about one-third of the crater floor, or approximately 250,000 square meters, was covered by lava. The amount of coverage suggested that the lava effusion rate was 5-15 cubic meters per second during the most active phase. Activity greatly diminished overnight; the lava channels and falls began to crust over by 2000 and during 2100-2200 they had completely crusted over. Strong incandescence from the vent began to decrease around 0230 on 20 September. Field crews observed minor spattering and small fountains at one end of the vent at around 0830, but by 1000 no activity was seen, and the eruption had paused. In total lava flows covered about 63 hectares (630,000 square meters) of Napau Crater and areas to the W.

At 0812 on 23 September the Volcano Alert Level was lowered to Advisory (the second level on a four-level scale) and the Aviation Color Code was lowered to Yellow (the second color on a four-color scale). HVO noted that observations and instrumental data since the pause in the eruption indicated that the potential for renewed eruptive activity had declined. Seismicity in the area was extremely low and no tremor was being recorded. Deformation data showed that magma movement to the middle East Rift Zone has slowed dramatically or stopped altogether. Volcanic gas emissions decreased to near background levels.
Source: US Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO)
Report for Sumisujima
According to the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) discolored water around Sumisujima was observed on 18 September during an overflight conducted by the Japan Coast Guard. An area of pale-blue to white discolored water extended about 1.8 km NW of the N coast of the island. A very small amount of grayish-white material was floating in the same area as the discolored water and along the W coast. At 1100 on 19 September JMA issued an “eruption warning” noting that an eruption could affect the surround waters of the island.
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)
Report for Whakaari/White Island
The Wellington VAAC reported that low-level steam-and-gas emissions from Whakaari/White Island were visible in webcam and satellite images during 18-19 September. The plumes rose 900 m (3,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted NE; there was no evidence that the plumes contained ash. Views were sometimes obscured by weather clouds.
Source: Wellington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)
Report for Aira
Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported ongoing eruptive activity at Minamidake Crater (Aira Caldera’s Sakurajima volcano) during 16-23 September. Crater incandescence was visible in webcam images during dark hours, and there were occasional very small eruptive events. An explosion at 1332 on 16 September generated an ash plume that rose 1.5 km above the crater rim and drifted NW. During a field visit on 18 September sulfur dioxide emissions were high, averaging 2,200 tons per day. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a 5-level scale), and the public was warned to stay 1 km away from both craters.
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)
Report for Ebeko
Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that moderate explosive activity was ongoing at Ebeko during 12-19 September. According to volcanologists in Severo-Kurilsk (Paramushir Island, about 7 km E), explosions during 12, 14-17, and 19 September generated ash plumes that rose as high as 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SW, N, and NE. Satellite data indicated that either no activity was observed, or weather conditions prevented views. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are UTC; specific events are in local time where noted.
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)
Report for Erta Ale
A 14 September satellite image of Erta Ale showed an oval-shaped thermal anomaly just N of the N pit crater, possibly indicative of an active lava flow. The anomaly was absent in a 19 September image. Small thermal anomalies were visible over both the N and S pit craters in 14, 19, and 24 September images.
Source: Copernicus
Report for Etna
Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo (INGV) reported that mainly gas emissions rose from Etna’s summit craters during 16-23 September. The activity was strongest at Bocca Nuova Crater where the gas emissions were dense and continuous, and occasionally contained ash. A series of explosions at NE Crater began at 2310 on 23 September and were visible in webcam images.
Source: Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo (INGV)
Report for Fuego
Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH) reported that eruptive activity continued at Fuego during 17-24 September. Daily explosions were recorded by the seismic network, averaging 3-11 per hour when reported. The explosions generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the crater rim and drifted as far as 30 km in multiple directions. Weak rumbling sounds were reported on most days and shock waves were sometimes detected in local areas. The explosions ejected incandescent material generally up to 200 m above the summit on most days though material was ejected 300-400 m above the summit during 21-22 September. The explosions often produced avalanches of material that descended the flanks, sometimes reaching vegetated areas. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), El Porvenir (10 km S), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), Morelia (10 km SW), Los Yucales (12 km SW), and Yepocápa (8 km NW) during 17-18 September and in La Rochela (8 km SSW), Finca Ceilán (9 km S), El Zapote (10 km SSE), and El Rodeo during 21-22 September. Ashfall was forecast for areas downwind on the other days.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)
Report for Great Sitkin
Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) reported that slow lava effusion continued to feed a thick lava flow in Great Sitkin’s summit crater during 17-24 September. The lava flow had filled most of the summit crater. The local seismic network continued to detect small earthquakes and other signals associated with the ongoing eruption. Elevated surface temperatures over the active flow were identified in satellite data during17-19 September. Weather clouds obscured views of the summit during the second part of the week. The Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch (the third level on a four-level scale) and the Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third color on a four-color scale).
Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)
Report for Ibu
Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that activity at Ibu continued during 18-24 September with multiple eruptive events recorded daily. Daily gray or white-and-gray ash plumes that were sometimes dense rose as high as 1.5 km above the summit and drifted in multiple directions. Webcam images posted with the reports showed incandescence visible above the crater rim. The Alert Level remained at 3 (the second highest level on a four-level scale) and the public was advised to stay 4 km away from the active crater and 5 km away from the N crater wall opening.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Karymsky
Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported moderate levels of activity at Karymsky during 12-19 September. A minor thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images during 14-17 September; weather clouds obscured views on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)
Report for Kelimutu
Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that monitoring data and comparisons of recent field observations at Kelimutu indicated decreasing activity. Bubbling along the NE coast of the lake in Crater I (Tiwu Ata Polo) was observed on both 15 and 21 September. The temperature of the lake water was 22 and 24 degrees Celsius on 15 and 21 September, respectively. The lake water changed from dark green to bluish green. Conditions at Crater II (Tiwu Koofai Nuwamuri) were stable during 15-21 September, characterized by light blue crater water with small sulfur deposits floating in the middle of the lake and along the edges, diffuse white emissions rising 5 m above the lake’s surface, and a water temperature of 30 degrees Celsius. The color of the lake water at Crater III (Tiwu Ata Bupu) remained dark green on 15 and 21 September, the lake water was calm, and the temperature was 21 and 22 degrees Celsius, respectively. Seismicity was lower in September compared to August. The Alert Level was lowered to 1 (on a scale of 1-4) at 1600 on 23 September and the public was advised to limit activities near the craters, not approach the lake water, and to not spend the night in the craters.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Lewotobi
Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that eruptive activity at Lewotobi’s Laki-laki volcano continued during 18-24 September from a vent on the upper NW flank. Daily gray or white-and-gray ash plumes that were sometimes dense rose as high as 1.2 km above the summit and drifted SW, W, and NW. The Alert Level remained at 3 (the second highest level on a scale of 1-4) and the public was warned to stay outside of the exclusion zone, defined as a 3 km radius around both Laki-laki and Perempuan craters, 4 km to the NNW and SSE of Laki-laki.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Merapi
Balai Penyelidikan dan Pengembangan Teknologi Kebencanaan Geologi (BPPTKG) reported that the eruption at Merapi (on Java) continued during 13-19 September. Seismicity was slightly less intense compared to the previous week. The SW lava dome produced 426 lava avalanches that traveled as far as 1.9 km down the Bebeng drainage on the SW flank. Nine pyroclastic flows descended the Bebeng as far as 1.3 km. Morphological changes to the SW lava dome were due to continuing effusion and collapses of material. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 1-4), and the public was warned to stay 3-7 km away from the summit, based on location.
Source: Balai Penyelidikan dan Pengembangan Teknologi Kebencanaan Geologi (BPPTKG)
Report for Rincon de la Vieja
Observatorio Vulcanologico y Sismologico de Costa Rica-Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA) reported that a fumarolic plume from Rincón de la Vieja drifted NW on 18 September; weather clouds partly obscured views of the summit. A phreatic event was recorded at 2258 on 18 September and a very small phreatic event was recorded at 0328 on 20 September.
Source: Observatorio Vulcanologico y Sismologico de Costa Rica-Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA)
Report for Sangay
Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) reported that high levels of eruptive activity continued at Sangay during 17-24 September and the seismic network recorded 244-473 daily explosions. Gas-and-ash plumes visible in webcam and/or satellite images on most days rose 0.6-1.2 km above the summit and drifted mainly W, WSW, and SW. Weather conditions often obscured views. Several daily episodes of crater incandescence were observed during dark hours and incandescent material descended the SE drainage as far as 1.8 km. Incandescent material was ejected 500 m above the summit during 22-23 September. Secretaría de Gestión de Riesgos (SGR) maintained the Alert Level at Yellow (the second highest level on a four-color scale).
Sources: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN), Secretaría de Gestión de Riesgos (SGR)
Report for Santa Maria
Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH) reported ongoing eruptive activity at Santa Maria’s Santiaguito lava-dome complex during 17-24 September with lava extrusion, block collapses, and avalanches at the Caliente dome complex. Effusion of blocky lava produced block avalanches on the dome’s flanks and occasional short pyroclastic flows that descended the W, SW, and S flanks; the deposits created promontories of unstable material near the top of the 2022 lava flow located in the Zanjón Seco and San Isidro drainages. Incandescence was visible during dark hours from avalanches of material at the dome as well as explosions. Daily explosions (a few per hour) generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 800 m above the summit and sometimes drifted mainly W and SW. Ashfall was reported in San Marcos (8 km SW), Loma Linda Palajunoj (7 km SW), and surrounding areas during 17-18 September.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)
Report for Semeru
Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that eruptive activity continued at Semeru during 18-24 September with multiple daily eruptive events recorded by the seismic network. White-and-gray ash plumes that were sometimes dense rose 150-500 m above the summit and drifted in multiple directions on most days; eruptive events were recorded on 23 September, but no emissions were observed. The Alert Level remained at 2 (the second lowest level on a scale of 1-4). The public was warned to stay at least 5 km away from the summit in all directions, 13 km from the summit to the SE, 500 m from the banks of the Kobokan drainage as far as 17 km from the summit, and to avoid other drainages including the Bang, Kembar, and Sat, due to lahar, avalanche, and pyroclastic flow hazards.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Sheveluch
Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that during 12-19 September lava extrusion likely continued at Sheveluch’s “300 years of RAS” dome on the SW flank of Old Sheveluch and at the dome at Young Sheveluch. Thermal anomalies over the domes were identified in satellite images on 13 and 15 September; weather clouds obscured the volcano on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)
Report for Suwanosejima
Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported that eruptive activity at Suwanosejima's Ontake Crater continued during 16-23 September. At 1403 on 17 September an eruptive event generated an ash plume that rose 1.3 km above the crater rim and drifted W. An explosion was recorded at 0233 on 20 September, though no details were reported about possible emissions. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a 5-level scale) and the public was warned to stay at least 1.5 km away from the crater.
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)