Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report

The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is a cooperative project between the Smithsonian's Global Volcanism Program and the US Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Updated by 2300 UTC every Wednesday and averaging 16 reported volcanoes, this is not a comprehensive list of all eruptions this week, but rather a summary of activity that meet criteria discussed in the "Criteria and Disclaimers" section below.

Volcanic activity reported here is preliminary and subject to change. Carefully reviewed, detailed narratives over longer time periods are published as reports of the Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network available through volcano profile pages.

Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for the week of 19 February-25 February 2025
Name	Country	Volcanic Region	Eruption Start Date	Report Status
Atka Volcanic Complex	United States	Aleutian Ridge Volcanic Arc	—	New
Bezymianny	Russia	Eastern Kamchatka Volcanic Arc	2024 Dec 24	New
Etna	Italy	Sicily Volcanic Province	2022 Nov 27	New
Lascar	Chile	Central Andean Volcanic Arc	—	New
Lewotobi	Indonesia	Sunda Volcanic Arc	2023 Dec 23	New
Lewotolok	Indonesia	Sunda Volcanic Arc	2025 Jan 16	New
Poas	Costa Rica	Central America Volcanic Arc	2025 Jan 5	New
Telica	Nicaragua	Central America Volcanic Arc	2025 Jan 11	New
Ahyi	United States	Mariana Volcanic Arc	2024 Aug 5	Continuing
Aira	Japan	Ryukyu Volcanic Arc	2017 Mar 25	Continuing
Dukono	Indonesia	Halmahera Volcanic Arc	1933 Aug 13	Continuing
Great Sitkin	United States	Aleutian Ridge Volcanic Arc	2021 May 25	Continuing
Home Reef	Tonga	Tofua Volcanic Arc	2024 Dec 4	Continuing
Ibu	Indonesia	Halmahera Volcanic Arc	2008 Apr 5	Continuing
Kanlaon	Philippines	Negros-Sulu Volcanic Arc	2024 Oct 19	Continuing
Kilauea	United States	Hawaiian-Emperor Hotspot Volcano Group	2024 Dec 23	Continuing
Marapi	Indonesia	Sunda Volcanic Arc	2023 Dec 3	Continuing
Merapi	Indonesia	Sunda Volcanic Arc	2020 Dec 31	Continuing
Nyamulagira	DR Congo	Albertine Rift Volcanic Province	2018 Apr 14	Continuing
Reventador	Ecuador	Northern Andean Volcanic Arc	2008 Jul 27	Continuing
Sangay	Ecuador	Northern Andean Volcanic Arc	2019 Mar 26	Continuing
Santa Maria	Guatemala	Central America Volcanic Arc	1922 Jun 22	Continuing
Semeru	Indonesia	Sunda Volcanic Arc	2017 Jun 6	Continuing
Sheveluch	Russia	Eastern Kamchatka Volcanic Arc	1999 Aug 15	Continuing
Stromboli	Italy	Aeolian Volcanic Arc	1934 Feb 2	Continuing
Suwanosejima	Japan	Ryukyu Volcanic Arc	2004 Oct 23	Continuing
Ubinas	Peru	Central Andean Volcanic Arc	—	Continuing
Whakaari/White Island	New Zealand	Taupo Volcanic Arc	2024 May 24	Continuing

All times are local unless otherwise stated.

Atka Volcanic Complex (United States) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | New Activity / Unrest Cite this Report

Atka Volcanic Complex
Aleutian Ridge Volcanic Arc

A small explosion from the summit lake region of Korovin, one of the volcanoes at the Atka volcanic complex, was detected at 1926 on 20 February, prompting the Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) to raise the Volcano Alert Level to Watch (the second highest level on a four-level scale) and the Aviation Color Code to Orange (the second highest color on a four-color scale). The event was brief (less than 10 seconds), probably phreatic, and likely ejected a small amount of ash that was deposited within the immediate vicinity of the lake, though ash was unconfirmed. A meteorological cloud deck at altitudes of 2.4-3 (8,000-10,000 ft) a.s.l. obscured direct satellite observations, but no ash emissions were observed above the clouds. Satellite data acquired later that evening showed no evidence of hot material at the surface. There were no further explosive events detected and no noticeable change in seismic activity; at 1114 on 21 February AVO lowered the Volcano Alert Level to Advisory and the Aviation Color Code to Yellow. This type of singular explosion was common at Korovin. Several small local seismic events were detected during 21-23 February, though the overall level of seismicity was very low. Satellite and webcam observations were obscured by weather clouds.

Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)

Bezymianny (Russia) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | New Activity / Unrest Cite this Report

Bezymianny
Eastern Kamchatka Volcanic Arc

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that a bright thermal anomaly over Bezymianny was identified in satellite images during 13-20 February. According to the Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (IVS) of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FEB RAS) occasional ash plumes rose as high as 1.2 km above the summit and drifted E and SE. On most days, debris avalanches were visible descending the SE and E flanks during dark hours; weather conditions sometimes obscured webcam and satellite views. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are reported in UTC; specific events are in local time where noted.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (IVS) of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FEB RAS)

Etna (Italy) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | New Activity / Unrest Cite this Report

Etna
Sicily Volcanic Province

The Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo (INGV) reported that an eruption at Etna continued during 17-23 February. Activity observed through webcams and during field inspections on 19, 22, and 24 February was characterized by the effusion of a lava flow from a fissure, explosive activity at the summit, and gas emissions at several of the craters. Strombolian activity at SE Crater was variable, though no explosions were visible during 20-21 February and for most of 22 February. The explosions produced minor ash plumes that dispersed near the summit. Sporadic and moderate explosions from three vents were visible during the evening of 22 February. The activity slightly intensified during 23 February and into 24 February; during the morning of 24 February a fourth explosive vent was identified and at about 1323 a lava flow overflowed the S rim of the crater.

The lava flow from the fissure that opened at the base of Bocca Nuova Crater on 8 February continued to effuse lava. The lava flow advanced down the SW flank, descending to 1,840 m elevation during 19-20 February; lava-flow activity was confined to an area between about 3,000 and 2,500 m elevation during the rest of the week. The total flow length was 4.3 km. Based on a 24 February field inspection, scientists determined that lava effusion was occurring at the main vent and also emerging from lava tubes at lower elevations. Lava flows branched from the main flow, widening the flow field, especially near the vent. They also observed a small lava flow effusing from a new vent about 150 m higher up the flank at about 3,070 m elevation.

Source: Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo (INGV)

Lascar (Chile) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | New Activity / Unrest Cite this Report

Lascar
Central Andean Volcanic Arc

The Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería (SERNAGEOMIN) reported increasing unrest at Láscar. Satellite images detected progressively increasing sulfur dioxide emissions since 6 February (188 tons per day) with an average of 1,191 tons per day (t/d) recorded on 20 February. Sulfur dioxide emissions measured with Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) instrumentation located at the Emú station, 6 km ESE, averaged 1,010 t/d on 22 February. Thermal anomalies occasionally detected in satellite data indicated increased temperatures on the crater floor during 6-23 February. Additionally, crater incandescence was visible in webcam images during 19 and 22-23 February. Seismicity during 19-24 February was characterized by a decrease in long-period earthquakes and an increase in signals indicating surficial activity such as landslides. The Alert Level remained at Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale) and the public was warned to stay at least 1 km away from the crater.

Source: Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería (SERNAGEOMIN)

Lewotobi (Indonesia) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | New Activity / Unrest Cite this Report

Lewotobi
Sunda Volcanic Arc

The Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that eruptive activity continued at Lewotobi Laki-laki. During 14-20 February the seismic network recorded decreasing seismicity, specifically there was a notable decrease in both deep and shallow volcanic earthquakes, though signals indicating emissions continued to fluctuate. Fumarolic plumes rose from cracks on the upper NW flank and eruptive events producing ash plumes were recorded on 17 February. The exclusion zone was reduced to a radius of 6 km in all directions from the center of Laki-laki. At 1200 on 20 February the Alert Level was lowered to 3 (on a scale of 1-4) and the exclusion zone was again reduced, to 5 km from the center of Laki-laki and 6 km in a semicircle counterclockwise from the NE to the SW. Several eruptive events per day during 21-22 and 24 February, and one event on 23 February, generated ash plumes that rose 0.4-2 km above the summit and drifted in different directions. Incandescence at the summit and reflected in the plume was visible in several of the webcam images posted with the reports.

Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

Lewotolok (Indonesia) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | New Activity / Unrest Cite this Report

Lewotolok
Sunda Volcanic Arc

The Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that an eruption at Lewotolok was ongoing during 19-25 February. Daily white-and-gray ash plumes rose as high as 300 m above the summit and drifted NW, E, and SE. Incandescence at the summit was visible in webcam images and in at least one of them (at 2201 on 19 February) incandescent material was being ejected above the summit. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 1-4) and the public was warned to stay 2 km away from the vent and 2.5 km away on the S, SE, and W flanks.

Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

Poas (Costa Rica) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | New Activity / Unrest Cite this Report

Poas
Central America Volcanic Arc

The Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica-Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA) reported that eruptive activity at Poás continued at variable levels during 18-20 February. Several small phreatic eruptions from the central part of the crater lake ejected sediment and gas-and-steam plumes as high as 100 m above the surface of the water. Weather clouds obscured views on 21 February.

Source: Observatorio Vulcanologico y Sismologico de Costa Rica-Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA)

Telica (Nicaragua) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | New Activity / Unrest Cite this Report

Telica
Central America Volcanic Arc

Based on webcam and satellite images, the Washington VAAC reported that on 19 and 22 February ash emissions at Telica rose as high as 1.5 km (5,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SW and W.

Source: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Ahyi (United States) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Ahyi
Mariana Volcanic Arc

Unrest at Ahyi Seamount continued during 13-21 February. A plume of discolored water in the vicinity of the seamount was identified in satellite images during 14-16 February, indicating possible submarine activity. No signals coming from the direction of Ahyi were identified in data from underwater pressure sensors near Wake Island (about 2,270 km E of Ahyi). The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale) and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Advisory (the second lowest level on a four-level scale).

Source: US Geological Survey

Aira (Japan) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Aira
Ryukyu Volcanic Arc

The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported ongoing eruptive activity at Minamidake Crater (Aira Caldera’s Sakurajima volcano) during 17-24 February. Nightly crater incandescence was visible in webcam images. Explosions at 0643 and 1944 on 21 February generated ash plumes that rose 1.4-1.6 km above the crater rim and drifted SE, and ejected large blocks 500-900 m from the vent. An ash plume from an eruptive event at 1510 on 21 February rose 1 km above the crater rim and drifted SE. An explosion at 0104 on 23 February generated an ash plume that rose 1.5 km above the crater rim and drifted SE. At 1924 on 24 February an explosion ejected blocks 500-700 m from the vent and generated an ash plume that rose 600 m above the crater rim and drifted S. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a 5-level scale), and the public was warned to stay 1 km away from both craters.

Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

Dukono (Indonesia) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Dukono
Halmahera Volcanic Arc

The Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that the eruption at Dukono was ongoing during 19-25 February. White-and-gray ash plumes rose as high as 2 km above the crater rim and drifted in multiple directions during 19-22 and 24-25 February. White plumes rose 200-300 m above the crater rim and drifted SW, W, and NW on 23 February. Booming sounds were reported during 19 and 22-24 February. The Alert Level remained at Level 2 (on a scale of 1-4) and the public was warned to stay 4 km away from the Malupang Warirang Crater.

Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

Great Sitkin (United States) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Great Sitkin
Aleutian Ridge Volcanic Arc

The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) reported that slow lava effusion continued to feed a thick lava flow in Great Sitkin’s summit crater, confirmed by a 21 February radar image. The lava flow advanced along the NNE margin. Small daily earthquakes were detected by the seismic network. Typical minor steaming from the vent region was detected in a satellite image on 21 February and slightly elevated surface temperatures observed in satellite data during 23-25 February. Weather clouds sometimes obscured views of the volcano. The Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch (the third level on a four-level scale) and the Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third color on a four-color scale).

Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)

Home Reef (Tonga) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Home Reef
Tofua Volcanic Arc

The Tonga Geological Services reported that increased thermal activity at Home Reef was identified in satellite images since 8 February with the latest signs of activity detected on 20 February. Satellite images from 8 February showed a larger crater that was about 78 m in diameter and about 50 m deep. The crater was had an estimated area of 4,350 square meters. Large blocks were scattered 65-75 m from the center of the crater, likely ejected during a recent eruptive event; the largest block was about 14 x 15 m. Small plumes rose from the vent that were ash-rich near the base and mostly comprised of gas and steam at higher levels. Satellite imagery on 20 February showed discolored water to the SW and a thermal anomaly over the vent. The Maritime Alert Level remained at Orange (the third level on a four-level scale), and mariners were advised to stay at least 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) away from the island. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow (the second level on a four-level scale), and the Alert Level for residents of Vava’u and Ha’apai remained at Green (the first level on a four-level scale).

Source: Tonga Geological Services, Government of Tonga

Ibu (Indonesia) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Ibu
Halmahera Volcanic Arc

The Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that the eruption at Ibu continued during 19-25 February. Multiple daily gray or white-and-gray ash plumes that were often dense rose as high as 1.5 km above the summit and drifted mainly in multiple directions. Incandescence at the summit was visible in some webcam images posted with the reports. The Alert Level remained at 3 (the second highest level on a four-level scale) and the public was advised to stay 4 km away from the active crater and 5 km away from the N crater wall opening.

Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

Kanlaon (Philippines) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Kanlaon
Negros-Sulu Volcanic Arc

The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported continuing eruptive activity at Kanlaon during 18-24 February. The seismic network recorded 3-33 daily volcanic earthquakes. Average daily sulfur dioxide emissions ranged from 1,542 to 6,534 tonnes per day. Gas-and-steam emissions that were mainly diffuse rose as high as 150 m above the summit and drifted W and SW during 18-19 and 21-22 February; plumes occasionally contained ash on 19 and 22 February. On 22 February an ash emission that lasted about 12 minutes long generated plumes that rose 300 m and drifted SW. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 0-5); the public was warned to stay 6 km away from the summit and pilots were warned not to fly close to the volcano.

Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)

Kilauea (United States) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Kilauea
Hawaiian-Emperor Hotspot Volcano Group

The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) reported that the eruption within Kilauea’s Kaluapele summit caldera, from vents along the SW margin of Halema’uma’u Crater, continued at variable levels during 19-25 February. Lava fountaining began at the N vent at 2022 on 19 February and by 2100 the fountains were 90-125 m high. During a visit the next morning field crews observed lava fountains rising 45-60 m high at 0645 and that lava flows had covered about 75 percent of the crater floor. Incandescence at the S vent was visible. Sulfur dioxide emission rates were estimated to be 10,000 tons per day (t/d) or higher based on emissions measured during earlier lava-fountaining episodes. Pele’s Hair was reported on surfaces throughout the summit area of Hawai’i Volcanoes National Park and surrounding communities. Fountaining heights slowly declined and ceased at 0918 on 20 February, after about 13 hours of fountaining activity. Sulfur dioxide emission rates averaged 2,100 t/d at 1100. During 21-25 February spots of orange incandescence on the crater floor was visible at night as the erupted lava continued to cool. Incandescence at both vents was variable. The N vent began erupting at 1822 on 25 February with low lava fountains, and over the next hour the fountains increased in height to 180 m. Small spattering fountains were visible at the S vent just before 1900 and by 2000 small lava flows were effusing from the vent. Fountaining and lava effusion at the S vent intensified by 2100. Fountaining at the N vent ceased at 0635 on 26 February. Fountaining at the S vent decreased in intensity around the same time and by 0706 activity has ceased. The Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch (the third level on a four-level scale) and the Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third color on a four-color scale).

Source: US Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO)

Marapi (Indonesia) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Marapi
Sunda Volcanic Arc

The Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that the seismic network at Marapi (on Sumatra) recorded an increase in volcanic earthquakes and tremors during early to mid-February. On 19 February white-and-gray ash plumes rose 200-700 m above the summit and drifted E. Webcam images at 0321 and 2056 showed incandesce at the summit. An eruptive event was recorded on 23 February, though no emissions were observed. On 24 February a dense gray ash plume rose 500 m above the summit and drifted E. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 1-4) and the public was warned to stay 3 km away from the active crater.

Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

Merapi (Indonesia) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Merapi
Sunda Volcanic Arc

The Balai Penyelidikan dan Pengembangan Teknologi Kebencanaan Geologi (BPPTKG) reported that the eruption at Merapi (on Java) continued during 14-20 February. Seismicity remained at high levels. The SW lava dome produced 64 lava avalanches that traveled as far as 1.9 km SW down the Bebeng drainage, 17 that traveled as far as 1.7 km SW down the Krasak drainage, and 57 that traveled as far as 1.9 km SW down the Sat/Putih drainage. Morphological changes to the SW lava dome resulting from continuing effusion and collapses of material. The volume of the SW dome had increased in size to an estimated 3,546,200 cubic meters based a 20 February drone survey. The hottest temperature was around 247.4 degrees Celsius, higher than the previous measurement. No significant morphological changes at the summit dome were visible and the highest temperature was around 228 degrees Celsius, similar to the previous measurement. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 1-4), and the public was warned to stay 3-7 km away from the summit, based on location.

Source: Balai Penyelidikan dan Pengembangan Teknologi Kebencanaan Geologi (BPPTKG)

Nyamulagira (DR Congo) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Nyamulagira
Albertine Rift Volcanic Province

Satellite images acquired on 20 and 25 February showed continuing activity at Nyamuragira. A thermal anomaly just NE of the central part of the summit crater was visible in the 20 February image, along with smaller thermal anomalies to the NE and SW. Thermal anomalies near the distal end of the lava flow on the WSW flank possibly indicated that it continued to advance; the flow was about 3.3 km long, measured from the W crater rim. Another anomaly was visible about 780 m W of the crater rim. Most of the summit crater and lava-flow field was obscured by weather clouds in the 25 February image, though the end of the active lava flow was visible and had advanced about 80 m.

Source: Copernicus

Reventador (Ecuador) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Reventador
Northern Andean Volcanic Arc

The Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) reported that eruptive activity continued at Reventador during 18-25 February. Seismicity included 36-84 daily explosions, long-period earthquakes, harmonic tremor, and tremor associated with emissions, though the transmission of seismic and webcam data was sometimes interrupted, especially during 21-23 February. Weather conditions on most days were clear enough to observe ash-and-gas plumes in webcam and/or satellite images rising 300-1,100 m above the crater and drifting NW, WNW, W, and SW. Webcams almost nightly recorded multiple instances of incandescent material descending the flanks as far as 1 km below the crater rim. At 1245 on 22 February a small- to moderate-sized, secondary lahar descended the Marker River on the S flank. Secretaría de Gestión de Riesgos maintained the Alert Level at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Sources: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN), Secretaría de Gestión de Riesgos (SGR)

Sangay (Ecuador) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Sangay
Northern Andean Volcanic Arc

The Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) reported that moderate levels of eruptive activity continued at Sangay during 18-25 February. The seismic network recorded 31-95 daily explosions, though the transmission of seismic data was sometimes interrupted. Weather clouds mostly obscured views during the week, but on 24 February gas-and-ash plumes were visible rising 100 m above the summit and drifting W. Incandescence at the crater was occasionally visible the second half of the week during dark hours. Secretaría de Gestión de Riesgos (SGR) maintained the Alert Level at Yellow (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Sources: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN), Secretaría de Gestión de Riesgos (SGR)

Santa Maria (Guatemala) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Santa Maria
Central America Volcanic Arc

The Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported ongoing eruptive activity at Santa Maria’s Santiaguito dome complex during 18-25 February with continuing lava extrusion at Caliente dome. Daily explosions, as many as seven per hour when reported, generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 1.2 km above the dome and drifted as far as 40 km W, SW, S, and SE. Effusion of blocky lava and collapses of material produced daily block avalanches that were sometimes heard several kilometers away; these mainly descended the SW and S flanks, but occasionally went SE. Collapsed material sometimes produced short pyroclastic flows. Incandescence was visible at the crater and upper part of the SW flank lava flow. During 19-20 February ashfall was reported in Las Marías (9.5 km S), Finca El Patrocinio (8 km SW), San Marcos (10 km SW), Loma Linda Palajunoj (7 km SW), and other nearby communities, and forecasted for areas downwind on most days.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

Semeru (Indonesia) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Semeru
Sunda Volcanic Arc

The Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that eruptive activity continued at Semeru during 19-25 February with daily eruptive events recorded by the seismic network. Daily white-and-gray or gray ash plumes rose 300-1,000 m above the summit and drifted in multiple directions. The Alert Level remained at 2 (the second lowest level on a scale of 1-4). The public was warned to stay at least 5 km away from the summit in all directions, 13 km from the summit to the SE, 500 m from the banks of the Kobokan drainage as far as 17 km from the summit, and to avoid other drainages including the Bang, Kembar, and Sat, due to lahar, avalanche, and pyroclastic flow hazards.

Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

Sheveluch (Russia) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Sheveluch
Eastern Kamchatka Volcanic Arc

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that lava extrusion may have continued at Sheveluch’s “300 years of RAS” dome on the SW flank of Old Sheveluch and at the Young Sheveluch dome during 13-20 February. Thermal anomalies over the domes were identified in satellite images during 14, 16, and 18-20 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

Stromboli (Italy) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Stromboli
Aeolian Volcanic Arc

The Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo (INGV) reported that eruptive activity continued at Stromboli during 17-23 February. Webcam images showed Strombolian activity at four vents in Area N within the upper part of the Sciara del Fuoco and from at least two vents in Area C-S (South-Central Crater) on the crater terrace. The vents in Area N continued to produce low- to medium-intensity explosions at a rate of 7-9 events per hour, ejecting lapilli and bombs less than 150 m above the vents. Low-intensity spattering continued at one of the vents. Explosions at the vents in Area C-S ejected tephra above the vent at a rate of 1-4 events per hour. The Alert Level remained at Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-level scale).

Sources: Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo (INGV), Dipartimento della Protezione Civile

Suwanosejima (Japan) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Suwanosejima
Ryukyu Volcanic Arc

The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported that eruptive activity at Suwanosejima's Ontake Crater continued during 19-25 February. Incandescence was observed nightly in webcam images. Explosions at 0219 on 19 February, at 1906 on 21 February, and at 0601 on 24 February generated ash plumes that rose 700-900 m above the crater rim and drifted SE and S. An eruptive event at 1748 on 22 February generated an ash plume that rose 1 km above the summit and drifted SE. The Alert Level remained at 2 (the second level on a five-level scale) and the public was warned to stay at least 1.5 km away from the crater.

Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

Ubinas (Peru) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Ubinas
Central Andean Volcanic Arc

The Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP) reported that a lahar carrying blocks descended the Volcánmayo drainage on the SE flank of Ubinas at 2052 on 23 February. The public was warned to stay away from the drainage and to avoid driving on the Querapi-Ubinas-Huarina highway. The Alert Level remained at Yellow (the second level on a four-color scale) and the public was warned to stay 2 km away from the crater.

Source: Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP)

Whakaari/White Island (New Zealand) | 19 February-25 February 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Whakaari/White Island
Taupo Volcanic Arc

On 24 February GeoNet reported that large, white, steam-rich plumes from Whakaari/White Island were visible in the Whakatane and Te Kaha webcams during the past week. On several of those days sulfur dioxide emissions were detected in satellite data and sulfur odors were noted by residents along the coast. During 22-23 February those plumes also contained small amounts of ash as reported by the Wellington VAAC and visible as a faint haze from the coast. The activity was consistent with moderate to heightened levels of unrest, therefore the Volcanic Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 0-5). At 1430 on 24 February the Aviation Color Code was raised to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale) due to the presence of ash in the emissions. GeoNet stated that the Alert Levels were reflective of the current level of activity, but there was uncertainty due to the current lack of consistent, usable, real-time monitoring data; GeoNet relies on remote cameras, satellite images, and occasional overflights to monitor Whakaari.

Source: GeoNet

Weekly Reports Archive

Since the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report began in November 2000, there have been 21,020 individual reports over 1,260 weeks (average of 17 per week) on 339 different volcanoes.

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Puyehue-Cordon Caulle

Dieng Volcanic Complex

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News Feeds and Google Placemarks

Download Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report Network RSS Feed

The RSS (Really Simple Syndication) feed is identical to the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report minus some features including the header information (latitude and longitude and summit elevation), the Geologic Summary, and a link to the volcano's page from the Global Volcanism Program. At the end of each report is a list of the sources used. Each volcano report includes a link from the volcano's name back to the more complete information in the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report on the Smithsonian website. This feature was first made available on 5 March 2008.

Download Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report Network CAP Feed

The CAP (Common Alerting Protocol) feeds are XML files specifically formatted for disaster management. They are similar in content to the RSS feed, but contain no active links.

Download Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report Network Link

A Google Earth network link for the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report can be loaded into the free Google Earth software, and in turn will load placemarks for volcanoes in the current weekly report. Placemark balloons include the volcano name, report date, report text, sources, and links back to the GVP volcano profile page and to the complete Weekly Report for that week. This feature was first made available on 1 April 2009.

Criteria & Disclaimers

Criteria

The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report does not necessarily include all volcanic activity that occurred on Earth during the week. More than a dozen volcanoes globally have displayed more-or-less continuous eruptive activity for decades or longer, and such routine activity is typically not reported here. Moreover, Earth's sea-floor volcanism is seldom reported even though in theory it represents the single most prolific source of erupted material. The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report summarizes volcanic activity that meets one or more of the following criteria:

- A volcano observatory raises or lowers the alert level at the volcano.
- A volcanic ash advisory has been released by a volcanic ash advisory center (VAAC) stating that an ash cloud has been produced from the volcano.
- A verifiable news report of new activity or a change in activity at the volcano has been issued.
- Observers have reported a significant change in volcanic activity. Such activity can include, but is not restricted to, pyroclastic flows, lahars, lava flows, dome collapse, or increased unrest.

Volcanoes are included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section of the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report if the activity occurs after at least 3 months of quiescence. Once a volcano is included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section, updates will remain in that section unless the activity continues for more than 1 month without escalating, after which time updates will be listed in the "Continuing Activity" section. Volcanoes are also included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section if the volcano is undergoing a period of relatively high unrest, or increasing unrest. This is commonly equal to Alert Level Orange on a scale of Green, Yellow, Orange, Red, where Red is the highest alert. Or alert level 3 on a scale of 1-4 or 1-5.

It is important to note that volcanic activity meeting one or more of these criteria may occur during the week, but may not be included in the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report because we did not receive a report.

Disclaimers

1. The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is intended to provide timely information about global volcanism on a weekly basis. Consequently, the report is generated rapidly by summarizing volcanic reports from various sources, with little time for fact checking. The accuracy of the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is dependent upon the quality of the volcanic activity reports we receive. Reports published in the Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network are cover longer time periods and are more carefully reviewed, although all of the volcanoes discussed in the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report are not necessarily reported in the Bulletin. Because of our emphasis on rapid reporting on the web we have avoided diacritical marks. Reports are updated on the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report web page as they are received, therefore information may be included regarding events that occurred before the current report period.

2. Rapidly developing events lead to coverage that is often fragmentary. Volcanoes, their eruptions, and their plumes and associated atmospheric effects are complex phenomena that may require months to years of data analysis in order to create a comprehensive summary and interpretation of events.

3. Preliminary accounts sometimes contain exaggerations and "false alarms," and accordingly, this report may include some events ultimately found to be erroneous or misleading.

4. Many news agencies do not archive the articles they post on the Internet, and therefore the links to some sources may not be active. To obtain information about the cited articles that are no longer available on the Internet contact the source.

5. USGS Disclaimer Statement for this Website:

Information presented on this website is considered public information and may be distributed or copied. Use of appropriate byline/photo/image credit is requested. We strongly recommend that USGS data be acquired directly from a USGS server and not through other sources that may change the data in some way. While USGS makes every effort to provide accurate and complete information, various data such as names, telephone numbers, etc. may change prior to updating. USGS welcomes suggestions on how to improve our home page and correct errors. USGS provides no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability or completeness of furnished data.

Some of the documents on this server may contain live references (or pointers) to information created and maintained by other organizations. Please note that USGS does not control and cannot guarantee the relevance, timeliness, or accuracy of these outside materials.

For site security purposes and to ensure that this service remains available to all users, this government computer system employs software programs to monitor network traffic to identify unauthorized attempts to upload or change information, or otherwise cause damage. Unauthorized attempts to upload information or change information on this website are strictly prohibited and may be punishable under the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986 and the National Information Infrastructure Protection Act. Information may also be used for authorized law enforcement investigations. (Last modified September 21, 1999.)

U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA, USA
URL: https://volcano.si.edu/reports_weekly.cfm