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Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report

Weekly Volcanic Activity Map

The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is a cooperative project between the Smithsonian's Global Volcanism Program and the US Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Updated by 2300 UTC every Wednesday and averaging 16 reported volcanoes, this is not a comprehensive list of all eruptions this week, but rather a summary of activity that meet criteria discussed in the "Criteria and Disclaimers" section below.

Volcanic activity reported here is preliminary and subject to change. Carefully reviewed, detailed narratives over longer time periods are published as reports of the Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network available through volcano profile pages.

Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for the week of 4 June-10 June 2025
Name Country Volcanic Region Eruption Start Date Report Status
Fuego Guatemala Central America Volcanic Arc 2002 Jan 4 New
Klyuchevskoy Russia Eastern Kamchatka Volcanic Arc 2025 Apr 8 New
Aira Japan Ryukyu Volcanic Arc 2017 Mar 25 Continuing
Dieng Volcanic Complex Indonesia Sunda Volcanic Arc Continuing
Dukono Indonesia Halmahera Volcanic Arc 1933 Aug 13 Continuing
Great Sitkin United States Aleutian Ridge Volcanic Arc 2021 May 25 Continuing
Home Reef Tonga Tofua Volcanic Arc 2024 Dec 4 Continuing
Ibu Indonesia Halmahera Volcanic Arc 2008 Apr 5 Continuing
Kanlaon Philippines Negros-Sulu Volcanic Arc 2024 Oct 19 Continuing
Karymsky Russia Eastern Kamchatka Volcanic Arc 2025 Apr 30 Continuing
Kilauea United States Hawaiian-Emperor Hotspot Volcano Group 2024 Dec 23 Continuing
Lewotolok Indonesia Sunda Volcanic Arc 2025 Jan 16 Continuing
Merapi Indonesia Sunda Volcanic Arc 2020 Dec 31 Continuing
Nyamulagira DR Congo Albertine Rift Volcanic Province 2018 Apr 14 Continuing
Poas Costa Rica Central America Volcanic Arc 2025 Jan 5 Continuing
Raung Indonesia Sunda Volcanic Arc Continuing
Reventador Ecuador Northern Andean Volcanic Arc 2008 Jul 27 Continuing
Sangay Ecuador Northern Andean Volcanic Arc 2019 Mar 26 Continuing
Semeru Indonesia Sunda Volcanic Arc 2017 Jun 6 Continuing
Sheveluch Russia Eastern Kamchatka Volcanic Arc 1999 Aug 15 Continuing
Suwanosejima Japan Ryukyu Volcanic Arc 2004 Oct 23 Continuing
Tangkuban Parahu Indonesia Sunda Volcanic Arc Continuing
Whakaari/White Island New Zealand Taupo Volcanic Arc 2024 May 24 Continuing
All times are local unless otherwise stated.
Weekly Reports Archive

Since the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report began in November 2000, there have been 21,396 individual reports over 1,275 weeks (average of 17 per week) on 339 different volcanoes.

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Adams Cotopaxi Ijen Lewotobi Peuet Sague St. Helens
Agung Cuicocha Iliamna Lewotolok Pinatubo Stromboli
Ahyi Cumbal Iliwerung Little Sitkin Planchon-Peteroa Sulu Range
Aira Dabbahu Inielika Llaima Poas Sumbing
Akan Davidof Ioto Lokon-Empung Popocatepetl Sumisujima
Alaid Dempo Irazu Lonquimay Purace Sundoro
Alu-Dalafilla Descabezado Grande Iwatesan Lopevi Puyehue-Cordon Caulle Suoh
Ambae Dieng Volcanic Complex Iya Machin Rabaul Suretamatai
Ambang Dukono Izu-Torishima Makushin Raikoke Suwanosejima
Ambrym East Epi Jackson Segment Maly Semyachik Ranakah Taal
Anatahan Ebeko Kaba Manam Raoul Island Tair, Jebel at
Aniakchak Ebulobo Kadovar Manda Hararo Rasshua Takawangha
Antillanca Volcanic Complex Edgecumbe Kaitoku Seamount Marapi Raung Talang
Antuco Egon Kama'ehuakanaloa Maroa Redoubt Tambora
Apoyeque Ekarma Kambalny Martin Reventador Tanaga
Arenal Eldey Kanaga Masaya Reykjanes Tandikat-Singgalang
Asamayama Erebus Kanlaon Matthew Island Rincon de la Vieja Tangkoko-Duasudara
Askja Erta Ale Karangetang Maule, Laguna del Rinjani Tangkuban Parahu
Asosan Etna Karkar Mauna Loa Ritter Island Tara, Batu
Atka Volcanic Complex Etorofu-Yakeyama [Grozny Group] Karthala Mayon Rotorua Ta'u
Augustine Eyjafjallajokull Karymsky McDonald Islands Ruang Taupo
Avachinsky Fagradalsfjall Kasatochi Melebingoy Ruapehu Telica
Awu Fentale Katla Melimoyu Ruby Tenerife
Axial Seamount Fernandina Katmai Merapi Ruiz, Nevado del Tengger Caldera
Azul, Cerro Fogo Kavachi Midagahara Sabancaya Three Sisters
Azumayama Fonualei Kelimutu Misti, El Sakar Tinakula
Bagana Fournaise, Piton de la Kelud Miyakejima Salak Tofua
Balbi Fourpeaked Kerinci Momotombo San Cristobal Tokachidake
Bamus Fuego Ketoi Monowai San Miguel Tolbachik
Banda Api Fujisan Kharimkotan Montagu Island San Vicente Toliman
Bardarbunga Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba Kick 'em Jenny Moyorodake [Medvezhia] Sangay Tongariro
Barren Island Galeras Kie Besi Mutnovsky Sangeang Api Trident
Batur Galunggung Kikai Myojinsho Santa Ana Tungurahua
Bezymianny Gamalama Kilauea Nabro Santa Maria Turrialba
Bogoslof Gamkonora Kirishimayama Negra, Sierra Sao Jorge Ubinas
Brava Gareloi Kita-Ioto Negro, Cerro Sarigan Ugashik-Peulik
Bristol Island Gaua Kizimen Nightingale Island Sarychev Peak Ukinrek Maars
Bulusan Gede Klyuchevskoy Nishinoshima Saunders Ulawun
Calbuco Gorely Kolokol Group Nisyros Savo Unnamed
Callaqui Great Sitkin Kolumbo Northern EPR at 9.8°N Semeru Unnamed
Cameroon Grimsvotn Koryaksky Novarupta Semisopochnoi Veniaminof
Campi Flegrei Guagua Pichincha Krakatau NW Rota-1 Seulawah Agam Villarrica
Campi Flegrei del Mar di Sicilia Guallatiri Krummel-Garbuna-Welcker Nyamulagira Sheveluch Vulcano
Cayambe Guntur Krysuvik-Trolladyngja Nyiragongo Shishaldin West Mata
Chachadake [Tiatia] Hachijojima Kuchinoerabujima Ofu-Olosega Simbo Westdahl
Chaiten Hakoneyama Kurikomayama Okataina Sinabung Whakaari/White Island
Chiginagak Heard Kusatsu-Shiranesan Okmok Sinarka Witori
Chikurachki Hekla Kverkfjoll Ontakesan Siple Wolf
Chiles-Cerro Negro Helgrindur La Palma Oraefajokull Sirung Wrangell
Chillan, Nevados de Hierro Lamington Osorno Slamet Yakedake
Chirinkotan Hokkaido-Komagatake Lamongan Pacaya Snaefellsjokull Yasur
Chirpoi Home Reef Langila Pagan Soputan Yellowstone
Ciremai Hood Lanin Palena Volcanic Group Sorikmarapi Yufu-Tsurumi
Cleveland Huaynaputina Lascar Paluweh Sotara Zaozan [Zaosan]
Colima Hudson, Cerro Late Panarea Soufriere Hills Zavodovski
Colo Huila, Nevado del Lateiki Papandayan Soufriere St. Vincent Zhupanovsky
Concepcion Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Lengai, Ol Doinyo Pavlof South Sarigan Seamount Zubair Group
Copahue Ibu Leroboleng Pelee Spurr
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 Criteria & Disclaimers

Criteria



The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report does not necessarily include all volcanic activity that occurred on Earth during the week. More than a dozen volcanoes globally have displayed more-or-less continuous eruptive activity for decades or longer, and such routine activity is typically not reported here. Moreover, Earth's sea-floor volcanism is seldom reported even though in theory it represents the single most prolific source of erupted material. The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report summarizes volcanic activity that meets one or more of the following criteria:

- A volcano observatory raises or lowers the alert level at the volcano.
- A volcanic ash advisory has been released by a volcanic ash advisory center (VAAC) stating that an ash cloud has been produced from the volcano.
- A verifiable news report of new activity or a change in activity at the volcano has been issued.
- Observers have reported a significant change in volcanic activity. Such activity can include, but is not restricted to, pyroclastic flows, lahars, lava flows, dome collapse, or increased unrest.

Volcanoes are included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section of the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report if the activity occurs after at least 3 months of quiescence. Once a volcano is included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section, updates will remain in that section unless the activity continues for more than 1 month without escalating, after which time updates will be listed in the "Continuing Activity" section. Volcanoes are also included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section if the volcano is undergoing a period of relatively high unrest, or increasing unrest. This is commonly equal to Alert Level Orange on a scale of Green, Yellow, Orange, Red, where Red is the highest alert. Or alert level 3 on a scale of 1-4 or 1-5.

It is important to note that volcanic activity meeting one or more of these criteria may occur during the week, but may not be included in the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report because we did not receive a report.

Disclaimers



1. The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is intended to provide timely information about global volcanism on a weekly basis. Consequently, the report is generated rapidly by summarizing volcanic reports from various sources, with little time for fact checking. The accuracy of the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is dependent upon the quality of the volcanic activity reports we receive. Reports published in the Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network are cover longer time periods and are more carefully reviewed, although all of the volcanoes discussed in the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report are not necessarily reported in the Bulletin. Because of our emphasis on rapid reporting on the web we have avoided diacritical marks. Reports are updated on the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report web page as they are received, therefore information may be included regarding events that occurred before the current report period.

2. Rapidly developing events lead to coverage that is often fragmentary. Volcanoes, their eruptions, and their plumes and associated atmospheric effects are complex phenomena that may require months to years of data analysis in order to create a comprehensive summary and interpretation of events.

3. Preliminary accounts sometimes contain exaggerations and "false alarms," and accordingly, this report may include some events ultimately found to be erroneous or misleading.

4. Many news agencies do not archive the articles they post on the Internet, and therefore the links to some sources may not be active. To obtain information about the cited articles that are no longer available on the Internet contact the source.

5. USGS Disclaimer Statement for this Website:

Information presented on this website is considered public information and may be distributed or copied. Use of appropriate byline/photo/image credit is requested. We strongly recommend that USGS data be acquired directly from a USGS server and not through other sources that may change the data in some way. While USGS makes every effort to provide accurate and complete information, various data such as names, telephone numbers, etc. may change prior to updating. USGS welcomes suggestions on how to improve our home page and correct errors. USGS provides no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability or completeness of furnished data.

Some of the documents on this server may contain live references (or pointers) to information created and maintained by other organizations. Please note that USGS does not control and cannot guarantee the relevance, timeliness, or accuracy of these outside materials.

For site security purposes and to ensure that this service remains available to all users, this government computer system employs software programs to monitor network traffic to identify unauthorized attempts to upload or change information, or otherwise cause damage. Unauthorized attempts to upload information or change information on this website are strictly prohibited and may be punishable under the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986 and the National Information Infrastructure Protection Act. Information may also be used for authorized law enforcement investigations. (Last modified September 21, 1999.)

U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA, USA
URL: https://volcano.si.edu/reports_weekly.cfm

 Acronyms and Abbreviations

a.s.l. - above sea level

AVO - Alaska Volcano Observatory

AVHRR - Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer

CENAPRED - Centro Nacionale de Prevencion de Desastres (México)

CONRED - Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres

COSPEC - Correlation Spectrometer

CVGHM (formerly VSI) - Center of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation

CVO - Cascades Volcano Observatory (USGS)

GMS - Geostationary Meteorological Satellite

GOES - Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite

GVO - Goma Volcano Observatory

GVP - Global Volcanism Program (Smithsonian Institution)

HVO - Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (USGS)

ICE - Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad (Costa Rica)

IG - Instituto Geofísico (Ecuador)

IGNS - Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences (New Zealand) - now GNS Science

INETER - Instituto Nicaragüense de Estudios Territoriales (Nicaragua)

INGEMMET - Instituto Geológical Minero y Metalúrgico (Peru)

INGEOMINAS - Instituto Colombiano de Geología y Minería (Colombia)

INGV-CT - Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Catania (Italy)

INSIVUMEH - Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia e Hidrologia (Guatemala)

IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (France)

JMA - Japanese Meteorological Agency

KEMSD - Kamchatkan Experimental and Methodical Seismilogical Department

KVERT - Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team

M - magnitude

METEOSAT - Meteorological Satellite

MEVO - Mount Erebus Volcano Observatory

MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer

MVO - Montserrat Volcano Observatory

MWO - Meteorological Watch Office

NEIC - National Earthquake Information Center

NIED - National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (Japan)

NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NOTAM - Notice to Airmen

OVDAS - Observatorio Volcanologico de los Andes del Sur (Chile)

OFDA - Office of US Foreign Disaster Assistance

ONEMI - Oficina Nacional de Emergencia - Ministerio del Interior (Chile)

OVPDLF - Observatoire Volcanologique du Piton de la Fournaise (France)

OVSICORI-UNA - Observatorio Vulcanologico y Sismologico de Costa Rica, Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)

PHIVOLCS - Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (Philippines)

RSAM - Real-time Seismic Amplitude Measurement

RVO - Rabaul Volcano Observatory

SERNAGEOMIN - Servicio Nacional de Geologia y Mineria (Chile)

SIGMET - Significant Meteorological Information

SNET - Servicio Nacional de Estudios Territoriales (El Salvador)

SVERT - Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (Russia)

USAID - US Agency for International Development

USGS - United States Geological Survey

UTC - Coordinated Universal Time

VAAC - Volcanic Ash Advisory Center

VAFTAD - Volcanic Ash Forecast Transport And Dispersion

VDAP - Volcano Disaster Assistance Program (USGS)

VHP - Volcano Hazards Program (USGS)

VRC - Volcano Research Center (Japan)

Report for Fuego
The Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported that elevated activity at Fuego on 4 June was characterized by lava fountaining, dense ash plumes, and pyroclastic density currents (PDCs). In a statement issued at 2030 on 4 June INSIVUMEH noted that there was a shift in eruption style to more effusive activity with abundant gas emissions and the ejection of incandescent material that covered the entire crater area and upper W flank. Lava fountaining became continuous, constant avalanches of material descended the flanks, and lava descended the Seca-Santa Teresa drainage (W) as far as 600 m. The activity continued through the night.

Just before 0500 on 5 June weak-to-moderate PDCs descended the Seca, Ceniza (SSW), and Las Lajas (SE) drainages. During 0500-1105 several more moderate-to-strong PDCs mainly descended the Las Lajas drainage, but also the Seca and Ceniza drainages, to as far as 7 km. Ash plumes rose from the summit and rose several hundred meters along the PDC tracks and drifted SW, W, and NW. Ashfall was reported in the municipalities of Acatenango (8 km E) and San Pedro Yepocapa (8 km NW) according to the Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED). The Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources (SE-CONRED) issued an Orange Alert for the municipality of San Juan Alotenango and the municipality of Gimnasio. Ash plumes drifted as far as 60 km W and SW. By 1230 PDCs were also descending the La Trinidad (SSW) drainage. SE-CONRED announced that an Orange Alert was extended to the departments of Sacatepéquez, Chimaltenango, and Escuintla and classes were suspended at 43 schools in those departments. At around 1525 lahars that were possibly hot descended the El Jute (ESE) and Las Lajas drainages carrying tree branches, trunks, and blocks possibly as large as 3 m in diameter. By 1600 lahars were traveling down the Ceniza, Zarco, and Mazate rivers and again carried tree branches, trunks, volcanic material, and blocks possibly as large as 3 m in diameter. During the next hour additional lahars descended the Seca and Mineral (W) drainages, tributaries of the Pantaleón River. CONRED coordinated with Instituto Privado de Investigacio´n sobre Cambio Clima´tico (ICC) to evacuate about 600 residents in Panimaché I and II (8 km SW), El Rodeo (10 km SSE), Trinidad (21 km SE), and Morelia (9 km SW), though a news article noted that 700 had evacuated. A section of the National Route 14 (RN-14) was closed.

In a special report issued at 1925 On 5 June INSIVUMEH reported that PDCs continued to travel up to 7 km down multiple drainages. Ash-and-gas plumes from the PDCs rose several hundred meters high and drifted NW, W, and SW. By 0015 on 6 June a lava flow in the Ceniza drainage was 1.2 km long. Incandescent material on the SW flank was visible in webcam images. Ash from the descent of PDCs was not visible due to weather clouds around the volcano. Incandescent material was periodically ejected above the summit and landed on the flanks about 30 m from the crater rim. CONRED reported that activity significantly decreased during the early morning, after about 30 hours of the generation of lava flows, PDCs, and ash plumes. Incandescent material was no longer being ejected above the summit and ash was no longer suspended in the atmosphere based on webcam images.

During 6-7 June the seismic network recorded 4-6 explosions per hour. Ash-and-gas plumes rose as high as 1.1 km above the summit and drifted 10-30 km SW. Some explosions generated rumbling and shock waves. Incandescent material was ejected 200 m above the summit. Explosions during 8-9 June generated ash plumes that rose around 700 m above the summit and drifted 25 km W and SE. The explosions produced rumbling and shock waves, and generated block avalanches around the summit area and down various drainages. Weather clouds obscured views during 9-10 June, though infrasound instruments detected 2-8 explosions per hour. Faint sounds of blocks descending the flanks were reported and webcams captured incandescent blocks descending the Seca, Ceniza, and Las Lajas drainages. Ashfall was reported in several communities to the SW, including San Pedro Yepocapa, Panimaché I and II, Morelia, Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Los Yucales (12 km SW), and El Porvenir (8 km ENE).
Sources: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH), Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres (CONRED), TV Azteca Guate
Report for Klyuchevskoy
The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that a bright thermal anomaly at Klyuchevskoy was identified in satellite images during 29-30 May and 2-4 June. The Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FEB RAS) reported that acoustic signals from explosive activity were periodically detected during the week. Ash plumes rose as high as 1.7 km above the summit and drifted SE and E during 30-31 May and 2-4 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.
Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (IVS) of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FEB RAS)
Report for Aira
The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported ongoing eruptive activity at Minamidake Crater (Aira Caldera’s Sakurajima volcano) during 2-9 June. Nighttime crater incandescence was visible during 2-6 June. An explosion at 2341 on 2 June produced an ash plume that rose into weather clouds and ejected large blocks 300-1,000 m from the crater rim. Sulfur dioxide emissions averaged 1,800 tons per day on 4 June. Very small eruptive events were recorded during 6-9 June. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a 5-level scale), and the public was warned to be cautious within 2 km of both the Minimadake and Showa craters.
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)
Report for Dieng Volcanic Complex
In a special report for the Dieng Volcanic Complex issued on 4 June the Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) noted that carbon dioxide gas concentrations at Timbang Crater began to increase on 29 May. Seismicity did not increase. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 1-4) and the public was warned to stay 500 m away from Sileri Crater, to not approach Timbang Crater, and to be vigilant when digging in the area due to risks of carbon dioxide gas exposure.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Dukono
The Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that eruptive activity at Dukono continued during 4-10 June. Daily white-and-gray gas-and-ash plumes rose 100-1,500 m above the summit and drifted E. Faint rumbling was heard at the observation post, 11 km N, during 6-7 June. Residents 10-11 km away hard occasional banging and rumbling sounds on 10 June. The Alert Level remained at Level 2 (on a scale of 1-4) and the public was warned to stay 4 km away from the Malupang Warirang Crater.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Great Sitkin
The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) reported that slow lava effusion continued to feed a thick flow in Great Sitkin’s summit crater during 4-10 June. The lava flow grew near the vent and advanced to the SE. Small daily earthquakes were detected by the seismic network, including signals probably caused by small rockfalls from the growing summit lava dome. Minor steaming and weakly elevated surface temperatures consistent with lava effusion were occasionally identified in satellite images. The Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch (the third level on a four-level scale) and the Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third color on a four-color scale).
Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)
Report for Home Reef
The Tonga Geological Services reported that the eruption at Home Reef continued during 24 May-7 June. Satellite images from 27 May showed explosive activity with an ash-and-gas plume rising from an enlarged crater and drifting around 20 km SE. Thermal data after that event showed a drop in heat output, and effusion and explosive activity stopped. Shadows created by the plume made crater size estimates difficult, but a clear satellite view on 1 June showed that it was about 110 x 245 m. There were also three landslide areas, on the E, NW, and SW coasts, originating from the flanks of the cone that may have occurred during the 27 May activity. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-level scale, the Maritime Alert Level remained at Orange (the third level on a four-level scale) with advice to stay at least 2 nautical miles (3.7 km) from the island, and the Alert Level for residents of Vava’u and Ha’apai remained at Green (the first level on a four-level scale).
Source: Tonga Geological Services, Government of Tonga
Report for Ibu
The Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that the eruption at Ibu continued during 4-10 June. Daily gray or white-to-gray ash plumes rose 300-700 m above the summit and drifted NE, E, and SE. Nighttime crater incandescence was visible in some webcam images. Weather clouds sometimes obscured views. The Alert Level remained at 3 (the second highest level on a four-level scale) and the public was advised to stay 4 km away from the active crater and 5 km away from the N crater wall opening.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Kanlaon
The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported continuing unrest at Kanlaon during 3-9 June. The seismic network recorded 3-26 daily volcanic earthquakes. Daily sulfur dioxide emissions ranged from 1,355 to 5,324 tonnes per day. Gas-and-steam emissions of variable densities generally rose as high as 900 m above the crater rim and drifted in various directions. According to the Tokyo VAAC PHIVOLCS reported that at 0203 on 5 June an ash plume rose 3.7 km (12,000 ft) a.s.l., or about 1.3 km above the summit. Ash was not identified in satellite images. The Civil Defense PH issued a notice to be aware of potential ashfall in surrounding areas. On 6 June heavy rains generated cement-like lahars on the S and SW flanks, along the Buhangin River (which flows through La Castellana and Moises Padilla), along the Sitio San Luis River, and beneath the Hacienda 92 Bridge in Barangay Sag-ang, and along the Ibid Creek in Barangay Biak-na-bato, La Castellana. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 0-5); the public was warned to stay 6 km away from the summit and pilots were warned not to fly close to the volcano.
Sources: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS), Office of Civil Defense, Republic of the Philippines
Report for Karymsky
The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that moderate activity continued at Karymsky during 29 May-5 June. A daily thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC; specific events are in local time where noted.
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)
Report for Kilauea
The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) reported that the eruption within Kilauea’s Kaluapele summit caldera, characterized by episodic fountaining and intermittent spatter at two vents along the SW margin of Halema’uma’u Crater, continued at variable levels during 4-10 June. Night incandescence, intermittent lava spattering, gas pistoning, and hydrogen flames at the N vent were visible during 3-4 June. Minimal incandescence at the S vent was observed. Low dome fountaining began at the N vent at around 2055 on 4 June and was accompanied by lava overflows onto the crater floor. Small sustained lava fountains, less than about 30 m high, began erupting at the N vent around 2115. The activity intensified with fountains rising to 100 m by 2210 and over 300 m by 2240. An eruption plume rose 5 km above the ground level by 2250 and was continuing to rise. Sulfur dioxide emissions were estimated at 50,000-75,000 tonnes per day. Large lava flows erupted from both vents and covered about half of Halema’uma’u Crater floor. The N vent stopped erupting at about 0408 on 5 June and the S vent stopped shortly after at 0428. HVO warned that strands of Pele’s hair, present throughout the summit area of Hawai’i Volcanoes National Park and surrounding communities, could be remobilized by wind. Data analysis confirmed that lava fountains rose as high as 365 m, a new record high for the current eruption that began in December 2024. Tephra deposits from the period of high fountaining were several meters thick on the SW rim of Kaluapele, in a closed area of the park, and as much as 60 cm of tephra was deposited at a location 2.4 km SW of the eruptive vents.

Incandescence at the S vent was visible overnight during 7-8 June. Vigorous sulfur dioxide gas emissions, nighttime incandescence, and occasional spatter at the N vent indicated that magma was close to the surface during 8-9 June. Spattering at the N vent became continuous during the early hours on 10 June, followed around 0554 by lava overflows onto the crater floor. The vent continued to generate lava flows during gas pistoning events at least through 1000. The Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch (the third level on a four-level scale) and the Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third color on a four-color scale).
Source: US Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO)
Report for Lewotolok
The Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that an eruption at Lewotolok was ongoing during 4-10 June. Gray or white-to-gray ash plumes rose 500-700 m above the summit of the cone and drifted NW, W, and SW during 4-5 and 8-9 June. Clear nighttime webcam images showed incandescent material at the summit cone, being ejected above the summit cone, and on the upper flanks. Lava effusion increased on 4 June and flows were descending three flanks. By 5 June the S flow was 700 m from the crater rim, the SE flow was 1 km from the crater rim, and the W flow was 300 m from the crater rim. A drone overflight was conducted on 7 June; the SE flow had advanced 200 m for a total length of 1.2 km, indicating a slower advancement rate. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 1-4) and the public was warned to stay 2 km away from the vent and 2.5 km away on the S, SE, and W flanks.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Merapi
The Balai Penyelidikan dan Pengembangan Teknologi Kebencanaan Geologi (BPPTKG) reported that the eruption at Merapi (on Java) continued during 30 May-5 June. Seismicity remained at high levels, similar to the previous week. The SW lava dome produced 20 lava avalanches that traveled as far as 1.9 km SW down the Bebeng drainage, 14 that traveled as far as 2 km SW down the Krasak drainage, and 39 that traveled as far as 2 km W down the Sat/Putih drainage. Small morphological changes to the SW lava dome resulted from continuing effusion and minor collapses. The hottest temperature at the SW dome was 247.4 degrees Celsius, the same as the previous measurement, and the volume of the dome increased by 52,500 cubic meters to an estimated 4,049,300 cubic meters, based on webcam images and a 30 May drone survey. The size of the central dome had not changed, and the highest temperature remained relatively stable at 217.9 degrees Celsius. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 1-4), and the public was warned to stay 3-7 km away from the summit, based on location.
Source: Balai Penyelidikan dan Pengembangan Teknologi Kebencanaan Geologi (BPPTKG)
Report for Nyamulagira
A satellite image acquired on 10 June showed continuing eruptive activity at Nyamulagira. Bright thermal anomalies indicated continuing activity at the summit crater and active lava flows on the W and NW flanks, though weather clouds obscured views. A thermal anomaly at the possible end of a lava flow on the NW flank was about 3.3 km from the crater rim.
Source: Copernicus
Report for Poas
The Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Costa Rica-Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA) reported continuing gas-and-steam emissions with occasional ash at Poás during 3-10 June. Significant amounts of gas-and-steam emissions were continuously and vigorously emitted at both Boca A and Boca C vents during the week, though there was a decreasing trend in the contribution of magmatic gases. Sulfur dioxide emissions decreased, though remained at high levels; the emissions were bluish in webcam images on 3 June and averaged 395 tonnes per day in satellite data on 4 June. Incandescence continued to be visible and detected in infrared webcam views at Boca A vent. The steam-and-gas plumes on 2 June contained minor amounts of ash. The steam-and-gas emissions at Boca A began to contain a moderate amount of ash at 0340 on 10 June and the ash content persisted for a few hours. The plumes rose as high as 1 km above the vent and drifted W. The volcano’s Alert Level remained at 3 (the second highest level on a four-level scale) and the Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest color on a four-color scale).
Source: Observatorio Vulcanologico y Sismologico de Costa Rica-Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA)
Report for Raung
The Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that ash was present in emissions at Raung during 5-7 June. Emissions became continuous around 0600 on 5 June. The ash-bearing white to medium-gray plumes rose 600 m above the summit and drifted NE. Seismic energy did not increase and deformation data showed subsidence, suggesting that the source of the emissions was relatively shallow. Gray gas-and-ash plumes were continuous on 7 June, and possibly continuous at least through 2329 on 8 June, rising to 400 m above the crater rim. Ashfall was reported in the Linggusar and Sumberwringin area, Bondowoso Regency, about 17 km NNW. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 1-4) and the public was warned to stay 3 km away from the summit crater.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Reventador
The Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) reported that eruptive activity continued at Reventador during 3-10 June. Seismicity included 61-79 daily explosions, long-period earthquakes, harmonic tremor, and tremor associated with emissions. Multiple daily ash-and-gas plumes rose 200-1,200 m above the crater rim and drifted mainly NW, W, and SW. Webcams recorded multiple nightly instances of incandescent material descending the flanks as far as 1.1 km below the crater rim, specifically down the SE and ESE flanks during 4-5 June and the S flanks during 9-10 June. Starting at 1631 on 6 June a moderate-sized lahar descended the N flank based on seismic data. Weather clouds occasionally obscured views. Secretaría de Gestión de Riesgos (SGR) maintained the Alert Level at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).
Sources: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN), Secretaría de Gestión de Riesgos (SGR)
Report for Sangay
The Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) reported high levels of eruptive activity at Sangay during 3-10 June. The seismic network recorded 39-135 daily explosions. Daily ash-and-gas plumes were observed in webcam and/or satellite images rising as high as 2.2 km above the summit and drifting mainly NW, W, and SW. Weather clouds often obscured webcam observations. Several incandescent avalanches of material descended the SE flank as far as 1 km during 9-10 June. Secretaría de Gestión de Riesgos (SGR) maintained the Alert Level at Yellow (the second highest level on a four-color scale).
Sources: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN), Secretaría de Gestión de Riesgos (SGR), Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)
Report for Semeru
The Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that activity continued at Semeru during 4-10 June, often with multiple daily eruptive events recorded by the seismic network. White-and-gray ash plumes rose 300-1,000 m above the summit and drifted N and NW; no plumes were visible during 8-9 June. The Alert Level remained at 2 (the second lowest level on a scale of 1-4). The public was warned to stay at least 3 km away from the summit in all directions, 8 km from the summit to the SE, 500 m from the banks of the Kobokan drainage as far as 13 km from the summit, and to avoid other drainages including the Bang, Kembar, and Sat, due to lahar, avalanche, and pyroclastic flow hazards.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Sheveluch
The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that lava extrusion may have continued at Sheveluch’s “300 years of RAS” dome on the SW flank of Old Sheveluch and at the Young Sheveluch dome during 29 May-5 June. Daily thermal anomalies over the domes were identified in satellite images. The Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FEB RAS) reported that minor steam, gas, and ash plumes rose as high as 4 km (13,100 ft) a.s.l. drifted SE, E, NW, and W on most days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC; specific events are in local time where noted.
Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT), Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (IVS) of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (FEB RAS)
Report for Suwanosejima
The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported that eruptive activity at Suwanosejima's Ontake Crater continued during 2-9 June. Incandescence was observed nightly in webcam images. No explosions were detected, though ash-and-gas emissions were continuous during 4-7 June. The plumes rose as high as 1.3 km above the crater rim and blocks were ejected 300 m from the vent. Ashfall was reported by the Suwanosejima Branch of the Toshima Village Office (3.5 km SSW) on 5 June. The Alert Level remained at 2 (the second level on a five-level scale) and the public was warned to be cautious within 1.5 km of the crater.
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)
Report for Tangkuban Parahu
The Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported increased unrest at Tangkuban Parahu during late May-early June. Steam-and-gas plumes rose as high as 110 m above the vents in Ratu Crater. The seismic network recorded an increase in signals indicating gas venting to 21-37 events per day during 30 May-1 June and a total of 100 low-frequency events that suggested the movement of fluids to shallow depths. During 1-8 June steam-and-gas plumes rose as high as 150 m above the vents at Ratu Crater and 5-10 m above the vents at Ecoma Crater. Continuous tremor began at around 2200 on 5 June and was coincident with bubbling or boiling mud Ratu, where black mud deposits surrounded the pool. Thermal areas at both Ratu and Ecoma craters imaged by drone showed no enlargement of the thermal areas between 5 and 7 June. The seismic network recorded 16 and 3 low-frequency events on 7 and 8 June, respectively; seismicity remained elevated through 8 June. Deformation data indicted continuing inflation. As of 8 June the proportions of gas species had not shown notable changes, and gas concentrations were within normal limits. The Alert Level remained at 1 (on a scale of 1-4) and tourists were advised not to descend into the craters.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Whakaari/White Island
On 9 June GeoNet reported that a minor volcanic eruption had been going on at Whakaari/White Island since 19 April, though no ash had been detected in the emissions during the previous four weeks. Observations from webcams located at Whakatane and Te Kaha and analysis of satellite data over the past four weeks, and a monitoring flight on 9 June, all gave confirmation that the eruption had stopped. The Volcanic Alert Level was lowered to 2 (on a scale of 0-5) and the Aviation Color Code was lowered to Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale) on 9 June. GeoNet stated that the Alert Levels were reflective of the current level of activity, but there was uncertainty due to the lack of consistent, usable, real-time monitoring data; GeoNet relies on remote cameras, satellite images, and periodic overflights to monitor Whakaari.
Source: GeoNet