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Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report

Weekly Volcanic Activity Map

The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is a cooperative project between the Smithsonian's Global Volcanism Program and the US Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Updated by 2300 UTC every Wednesday and averaging 16 reported volcanoes, this is not a comprehensive list of all eruptions this week, but rather a summary of activity that meet criteria discussed in the "Criteria and Disclaimers" section below.

Volcanic activity reported here is preliminary and subject to change. Carefully reviewed, detailed narratives over longer time periods are published as reports of the Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network available through volcano profile pages.

Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for the week of 21 August-27 August 2024
Name Country Volcanic Province Eruption Start Date Report Status
Etna Italy Sicily Volcanic Province 2022 Nov 27 New
Reykjanes Iceland Iceland Neovolcanic Rift Volcanic Province 2023 Dec 18 New
Sheveluch Russia Eastern Kamchatka Volcanic Arc 1999 Aug 15 New
Whakaari/White Island New Zealand Taupo Volcanic Zone 2024 May 24 New
Aira Japan Ryukyu Volcanic Arc 2017 Mar 25 Continuing
Dukono Indonesia Halmahera Volcanic Arc 1933 Aug 13 Continuing
Ebeko Russia Kuril Volcanic Arc 2022 Jun 11 Continuing
Great Sitkin United States Aleutian Ridge Volcanic Arc 2021 May 25 Continuing
Ibu Indonesia Halmahera Volcanic Arc 2008 Apr 5 Continuing
Kanlaon Philippines Negros-Sulu Volcanic Arc 2024 Jun 3 Continuing
Karymsky Russia Eastern Kamchatka Volcanic Arc 2024 Jun 20 Continuing
Lewotobi Indonesia Sunda Volcanic Arc 2023 Dec 23 Continuing
Marapi Indonesia Sunda Volcanic Arc 2023 Dec 3 Continuing
Merapi Indonesia Sunda Volcanic Arc 2020 Dec 31 Continuing
Sabancaya Peru Central Andean Volcanic Arc 2016 Nov 6 Continuing
Semeru Indonesia Sunda Volcanic Arc 2017 Jun 6 Continuing
Stromboli Italy Aeolian Volcanic Arc 1934 Feb 2 Continuing
Suwanosejima Japan Ryukyu Volcanic Arc 2004 Oct 23 Continuing
Villarrica Chile Southern Andean Volcanic Arc 2014 Dec 2 ± 7 days Continuing
All times are local unless otherwise stated.
Weekly Reports Archive

Since the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report began in November 2000, there have been 20,531 individual reports over 1,239 weeks (average of 17 per week) on 336 different volcanoes.

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Agung Cotopaxi Iliamna Little Sitkin Planchon-Peteroa Stromboli
Ahyi Cuicocha Iliwerung Llaima Poas Sulu Range
Aira Cumbal Inielika Lokon-Empung Popocatepetl Sumbing
Akan Dabbahu Ioto Lonquimay Purace Sumisujima
Alaid Davidof Irazu Lopevi Puyehue-Cordon Caulle Sundoro
Alu-Dalafilla Dempo Iya Machin Rabaul Suoh
Ambae Descabezado Grande Izu-Torishima Makushin Raikoke Suretamatai
Ambang Dieng Volcanic Complex Jackson Segment Maly Semyachik Ranakah Suwanosejima
Ambrym Dukono Kaba Manam Raoul Island Taal
Anatahan East Epi Kadovar Manda Hararo Rasshua Tair, Jebel at
Aniakchak Ebeko Kaitoku Seamount Marapi Raung Takawangha
Antillanca Volcanic Complex Ebulobo Kama'ehuakanaloa Maroa Redoubt Talang
Antuco Edgecumbe Kambalny Martin Reventador Tambora
Apoyeque Egon Kanaga Masaya Reykjanes Tanaga
Arenal Ekarma Kanlaon Matthew Island Rincon de la Vieja Tandikat-Singgalang
Asamayama Eldey Karangetang Maule, Laguna del Rinjani Tangkoko-Duasudara
Askja Erebus Karkar Mauna Loa Ritter Island Tangkuban Parahu
Asosan Erta Ale Karthala Mayon Rotorua Tara, Batu
Atka Volcanic Complex Etna Karymsky McDonald Islands Ruang Ta'u
Augustine Etorofu-Yakeyama [Grozny Group] Kasatochi Melebingoy Ruapehu Taupo
Avachinsky Eyjafjallajokull Katla Melimoyu Ruby Telica
Awu Fagradalsfjall Katmai Merapi Ruiz, Nevado del Tenerife
Axial Seamount Fernandina Kavachi Midagahara Sabancaya Tengger Caldera
Azul, Cerro Fogo Kelimutu Misti, El Sakar Three Sisters
Azumayama Fonualei Kelud Miyakejima Salak Tinakula
Bagana Fournaise, Piton de la Kerinci Momotombo San Cristobal Tofua
Balbi Fourpeaked Ketoi Monowai San Miguel Tokachidake
Bamus Fuego Kharimkotan Montagu Island San Vicente Tolbachik
Banda Api Fujisan Kick 'em Jenny Moyorodake [Medvezhia] Sangay Toliman
Bardarbunga Fukutoku-Oka-no-Ba Kie Besi Mutnovsky Sangeang Api Tongariro
Barren Island Galeras Kikai Myojinsho Santa Ana Trident
Batur Galunggung Kilauea Nabro Santa Maria Tungurahua
Bezymianny Gamalama Kirishimayama Negra, Sierra Sao Jorge Turrialba
Bogoslof Gamkonora Kita-Ioto Negro, Cerro Sarigan Ubinas
Brava Gareloi Kizimen Nightingale Island Sarychev Peak Ugashik-Peulik
Bristol Island Gaua Klyuchevskoy Nishinoshima Saunders Ukinrek Maars
Bulusan Gorely Kolokol Group Nisyros Savo Ulawun
Calbuco Great Sitkin Koryaksky Novarupta Semeru Unnamed
Callaqui Grimsvotn Krakatau NW Rota-1 Semisopochnoi Unnamed
Cameroon Guagua Pichincha Krummel-Garbuna-Welcker Nyamulagira Seulawah Agam Veniaminof
Campi Flegrei Guallatiri Krysuvik-Trolladyngja Nyiragongo Sheveluch Villarrica
Campi Flegrei del Mar di Sicilia Guntur Kuchinoerabujima Ofu-Olosega Shishaldin Vulcano
Cayambe Hachijojima Kurikomayama Okataina Simbo West Mata
Chachadake [Tiatia] Hakoneyama Kusatsu-Shiranesan Okmok Sinabung Westdahl
Chaiten Heard Kverkfjoll Ontakesan Sinarka Whakaari/White Island
Chiginagak Hekla La Palma Oraefajokull Siple Witori
Chikurachki Helgrindur Lamington Osorno Sirung Wolf
Chiles-Cerro Negro Hierro Lamongan Pacaya Slamet Wrangell
Chillan, Nevados de Hokkaido-Komagatake Langila Pagan Snaefellsjokull Yakedake
Chirinkotan Home Reef Lanin Palena Volcanic Group Soputan Yasur
Chirpoi Hood Lascar Paluweh Sorikmarapi Yellowstone
Ciremai Huaynaputina Late Panarea Sotara Yufu-Tsurumi
Cleveland Hudson, Cerro Lateiki Papandayan Soufriere Hills Zaozan [Zaosan]
Colima Huila, Nevado del Lengai, Ol Doinyo Pavlof Soufriere St. Vincent Zavodovski
Colo Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Leroboleng Pelee South Sarigan Seamount Zhupanovsky
Concepcion Ibu Lewotobi Peuet Sague Spurr Zubair Group
Copahue Ijen Lewotolok Pinatubo St. Helens
 News Feeds and Google Placemarks


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The RSS (Really Simple Syndication) feed is identical to the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report minus some features including the header information (latitude and longitude and summit elevation), the Geologic Summary, and a link to the volcano's page from the Global Volcanism Program. At the end of each report is a list of the sources used. Each volcano report includes a link from the volcano's name back to the more complete information in the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report on the Smithsonian website. This feature was first made available on 5 March 2008.



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A Google Earth network link for the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report can be loaded into the free Google Earth software, and in turn will load placemarks for volcanoes in the current weekly report. Placemark balloons include the volcano name, report date, report text, sources, and links back to the GVP volcano profile page and to the complete Weekly Report for that week. This feature was first made available on 1 April 2009.

 Criteria & Disclaimers

Criteria



The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report does not necessarily include all volcanic activity that occurred on Earth during the week. More than a dozen volcanoes globally have displayed more-or-less continuous eruptive activity for decades or longer, and such routine activity is typically not reported here. Moreover, Earth's sea-floor volcanism is seldom reported even though in theory it represents the single most prolific source of erupted material. The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report summarizes volcanic activity that meets one or more of the following criteria:

- A volcano observatory raises or lowers the alert level at the volcano.
- A volcanic ash advisory has been released by a volcanic ash advisory center (VAAC) stating that an ash cloud has been produced from the volcano.
- A verifiable news report of new activity or a change in activity at the volcano has been issued.
- Observers have reported a significant change in volcanic activity. Such activity can include, but is not restricted to, pyroclastic flows, lahars, lava flows, dome collapse, or increased unrest.

Volcanoes are included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section of the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report if the activity occurs after at least 3 months of quiescence. Once a volcano is included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section, updates will remain in that section unless the activity continues for more than 1 month without escalating, after which time updates will be listed in the "Continuing Activity" section. Volcanoes are also included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section if the volcano is undergoing a period of relatively high unrest, or increasing unrest. This is commonly equal to Alert Level Orange on a scale of Green, Yellow, Orange, Red, where Red is the highest alert. Or alert level 3 on a scale of 1-4 or 1-5.

It is important to note that volcanic activity meeting one or more of these criteria may occur during the week, but may not be included in the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report because we did not receive a report.

Disclaimers



1. The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is intended to provide timely information about global volcanism on a weekly basis. Consequently, the report is generated rapidly by summarizing volcanic reports from various sources, with little time for fact checking. The accuracy of the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is dependent upon the quality of the volcanic activity reports we receive. Reports published in the Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network are cover longer time periods and are more carefully reviewed, although all of the volcanoes discussed in the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report are not necessarily reported in the Bulletin. Because of our emphasis on rapid reporting on the web we have avoided diacritical marks. Reports are updated on the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report web page as they are received, therefore information may be included regarding events that occurred before the current report period.

2. Rapidly developing events lead to coverage that is often fragmentary. Volcanoes, their eruptions, and their plumes and associated atmospheric effects are complex phenomena that may require months to years of data analysis in order to create a comprehensive summary and interpretation of events.

3. Preliminary accounts sometimes contain exaggerations and "false alarms," and accordingly, this report may include some events ultimately found to be erroneous or misleading.

4. Many news agencies do not archive the articles they post on the Internet, and therefore the links to some sources may not be active. To obtain information about the cited articles that are no longer available on the Internet contact the source.

5. USGS Disclaimer Statement for this Website:

Information presented on this website is considered public information and may be distributed or copied. Use of appropriate byline/photo/image credit is requested. We strongly recommend that USGS data be acquired directly from a USGS server and not through other sources that may change the data in some way. While USGS makes every effort to provide accurate and complete information, various data such as names, telephone numbers, etc. may change prior to updating. USGS welcomes suggestions on how to improve our home page and correct errors. USGS provides no warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, reliability or completeness of furnished data.

Some of the documents on this server may contain live references (or pointers) to information created and maintained by other organizations. Please note that USGS does not control and cannot guarantee the relevance, timeliness, or accuracy of these outside materials.

For site security purposes and to ensure that this service remains available to all users, this government computer system employs software programs to monitor network traffic to identify unauthorized attempts to upload or change information, or otherwise cause damage. Unauthorized attempts to upload information or change information on this website are strictly prohibited and may be punishable under the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986 and the National Information Infrastructure Protection Act. Information may also be used for authorized law enforcement investigations. (Last modified September 21, 1999.)

U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA, USA
URL: https://volcano.si.edu/reports_weekly.cfm

 Acronyms and Abbreviations

a.s.l. - above sea level

AVO - Alaska Volcano Observatory

AVHRR - Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer

CENAPRED - Centro Nacionale de Prevencion de Desastres (México)

CONRED - Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres

COSPEC - Correlation Spectrometer

CVGHM (formerly VSI) - Center of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation

CVO - Cascades Volcano Observatory (USGS)

GMS - Geostationary Meteorological Satellite

GOES - Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite

GVO - Goma Volcano Observatory

GVP - Global Volcanism Program (Smithsonian Institution)

HVO - Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (USGS)

ICE - Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad (Costa Rica)

IG - Instituto Geofísico (Ecuador)

IGNS - Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences (New Zealand) - now GNS Science

INETER - Instituto Nicaragüense de Estudios Territoriales (Nicaragua)

INGEMMET - Instituto Geológical Minero y Metalúrgico (Peru)

INGEOMINAS - Instituto Colombiano de Geología y Minería (Colombia)

INGV-CT - Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Catania (Italy)

INSIVUMEH - Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia e Hidrologia (Guatemala)

IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (France)

JMA - Japanese Meteorological Agency

KEMSD - Kamchatkan Experimental and Methodical Seismilogical Department

KVERT - Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team

M - magnitude

METEOSAT - Meteorological Satellite

MEVO - Mount Erebus Volcano Observatory

MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer

MVO - Montserrat Volcano Observatory

MWO - Meteorological Watch Office

NEIC - National Earthquake Information Center

NIED - National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (Japan)

NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NOTAM - Notice to Airmen

OVDAS - Observatorio Volcanologico de los Andes del Sur (Chile)

OFDA - Office of US Foreign Disaster Assistance

ONEMI - Oficina Nacional de Emergencia - Ministerio del Interior (Chile)

OVPDLF - Observatoire Volcanologique du Piton de la Fournaise (France)

OVSICORI-UNA - Observatorio Vulcanologico y Sismologico de Costa Rica, Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)

PHIVOLCS - Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (Philippines)

RSAM - Real-time Seismic Amplitude Measurement

RVO - Rabaul Volcano Observatory

SERNAGEOMIN - Servicio Nacional de Geologia y Mineria (Chile)

SIGMET - Significant Meteorological Information

SNET - Servicio Nacional de Estudios Territoriales (El Salvador)

SVERT - Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (Russia)

USAID - US Agency for International Development

USGS - United States Geological Survey

UTC - Coordinated Universal Time

VAAC - Volcanic Ash Advisory Center

VAFTAD - Volcanic Ash Forecast Transport And Dispersion

VDAP - Volcano Disaster Assistance Program (USGS)

VHP - Volcano Hazards Program (USGS)

VRC - Volcano Research Center (Japan)

Report for Etna
INGV reported that activity at Etna’s summit craters continued during 19-25 August, though weather conditions often prevented visual observations during daylight hours. Continuous gas emissions were visible from the summit craters, especially at SE Crater (SEC). At 2154 on 23 August a thermal anomaly and a short-lived sequence of ash emissions from the E vent at SEC were visible in thermal webcam images.
Source: Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo (INGV)
Report for Reykjanes
IMO reported that a new eruption began in a location between Stóra-Skógfell and Sundhnúkur, within the Reykanes volcanic system, after about a month of increasing seismicity and inflation and about a week of more intense seismicity and larger earthquakes. A 20 August report noted that seismicity had increased during the previous few days and that the estimated volume of magma that had accumulated beneath the surface was greater than it was prior to any previous eruption in the region. Two earthquakes with magnitudes greater than two were recorded during 19-20 August, making a total of six earthquakes with similar magnitudes recorded during the previous week. An earthquake swarm began at 2048 on 22 August and increased pressure was identified in borehole data; these data indicated that a dike had begun to propagate. At 2111 IMO raised the Aviation Color Code to Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

A fissure eruption began at 2126 on 22 August and within four minutes a gas plume had risen 1 km high and began drifting S. The Aviation Color Code was raised to Red at 2130, and a news source reported that possibly more than 1,000 people were evacuated from the Blue Lagoon Spa area. The fissure produced lava fountaining along its roughly SW-NE axis and propagated mostly NE, and by 2230 was 3.9 km in length. According to a news source observers noted that the lava fountains were likely taller than those from the previous eruptions in the area. Seismicity was concentrated near the N end of the fissure system. Lava flows spread E and W, towards Grindavíkurvegur; flows did not head towards Grindavík. At 2145 the Aviation Color Code was lowered back to Orange because ash was not detected in the gas-rich plumes rising from the fissure. A M 4 earthquake recorded at 2237 was located about 3 km NE of Stóra-Skógsfell. As magma propagated from the reservoir to the surface a maximum of around 40 cm of land subsidence was recorded.

As the fissure opened to the NE, activity along the S end of the fissure declined. The fissure consisted of at least two segments; the main segment that had opened first and a second shorter segment that was offset to the NW from the end of the original segment; the total length of the fissure was about 7 km long according to a news source. Seismicity rapidly decreased at around 0400 on 23 August. By 1000 the vigor of the eruption had decreased and was confined to the northernmost fissure segment. Explosive activity at around 1030 produced dark ash plumes that rose 1 km and local tephra fall based on webcam views. Lava was mostly moving to the NW, N of Stóra-Skógfell. By 1600 the rate of both the seismicity and ground deformation had decreased, and activity along the main fissure was low. Lava flows had caused extended wildfires in the area. Sulfur dioxide plumes from the eruption drifted more than 1,000 km SE towards Scotland. The lava extrusion rate on 24 August was estimated to be around 100 cubic meters per second, lower than the estimated rate of 1,500-2,000 cubic meters per second during the beginning phase of the eruption.

During 25-26 August the activity was centered in one area at the N part of the fissure. Lava advanced N in two main channels though the advancement had slowed considerably. The lava extrusion rate had decreased to an estimated tens of cubic meters per second. Modeling suggested that 17-27 million cubic meters of magma had erupted, covering an area totaling 15.1 square kilometers.
Sources: Icelandic Meteorological Office (IMO), Icelandic National Broadcasting Service (RUV)
Report for Sheveluch
KVERT reported that during 19-22 August lava extrusion possibly continued at Sheveluch’s “300 years of RAS” dome on the SW flank of Old Sheveluch and at a new vent or dome that formed during the 17-18 August explosive events. A weak thermal anomaly over the domes was identified in satellite images on 19 and 21 August. Resuspended ash from the S flank rose as high as 3 km (10,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 200 km SE during 20-21 August based on webcam and satellite images. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)
Report for Whakaari/White Island
GeoNet reported that minor eruptive activity at Whakaari/White Island during 21-27 August was characterized by elevated sulfur dioxide gas emissions and minor ash emissions. During a 21 August overflight, scientists observed gas, steam, and ash plumes rising 600-900 m from the new vent that had opened in early August. Ashfall on the island was seen within a 1 km radius of the vent. The temperature at the vent was about 590 degrees Celsius based on infrared images taken during the overflight. Low-level plumes containing minor amounts of ash were identified in satellite images and images from webcams located in Whakatane and Te Kaha during the week. In calm weather conditions the plumes were sometimes visible rising as high as 2 km a.s.l., and at other times drifted tens of kilometers downwind. During 22-23 August the plumes drifted towards the Bay of Plenty. According to a news report at least 10 flights in and out of both Tauranga and Rotorua Airports were cancelled and three were delayed during the morning on 22 August. The flight disruptions were a “proactive safety measure” and by 1130 airport operations were back to normal. The Volcanic Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 0-5) and the Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).
Sources: GeoNet, Radio New Zealand
Report for Aira
JMA reported ongoing eruptive activity at Minamidake Crater (Aira Caldera’s Sakurajima volcano) during 19-26 August. Nighttime crater incandescence was visible in webcam images. Eruptive events at 0901 and 0926 on 21 August produced ash plumes that rose 1-1.4 km above the crater rim and drifted N. An explosion at 1457 on 21 August generated an ash plume that rose as high as 2.7 km and drifted N and ejected large blocks 800-1,200 m from the crater rim. Sulfur dioxide emissions were somewhat high that day, averaging 1,800 tons per day. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a 5-level scale), and the public was warned to stay 1 km away from both craters.
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)
Report for Dukono
PVMBG reported that the eruption at Dukono was ongoing during 21-27 August. Gray-and-white ash plumes that were sometimes dense rose 100-900 m above the summit and drifted E and W on most days; white plumes rose 200-400 m above the summit and drifted W on 15 August, and no emissions were observed on 21 August likely due to weather conditions. The Alert Level remained at Level 2 (on a scale of 1-4), and the public was warned to remain outside of the 3-km exclusion zone.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Ebeko
KVERT reported that moderate explosive activity was ongoing at Ebeko during 15-22 August. According to volcanologists in Severo-Kurilsk (Paramushir Island, about 7 km E), explosions throughout the week generated ash plumes that rose as high as 2.5 km (8,200 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E. Thermal anomalies were identified in satellite images on 17 August; on other days either no activity was observed, or weather conditions prevented views. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are UTC; specific events are in local time where noted.
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)
Report for Great Sitkin
AVO reported that slow lava effusion in Great Sitkin’s summit crater continued during 21-27 August. Seismicity was low with few small daily earthquakes. Nothing unusual was observed in satellite and webcam images throughout the week. Weakly elevated surface temperatures were detected in satellite data during 26-27 August, consistent with a cooling lava flow. The Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch (the third level on a four-level scale) and the Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third color on a four-color scale).
Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)
Report for Ibu
PVMBG reported that activity at Ibu continued during 14-20 August with multiple eruptive events recorded daily. Daily gray or white-and-gray ash plumes that were sometimes dense generally rose as high as 2 km above the summit and drifted N, NW, W, and SW. Some webcam images posted with the reports showed incandescence emanating above the crater rim, possibly reflected in the emissions. At 0118 on 28 August a dense gray-to-black ash plume rose as high as 5 km above the crater rim and drifted SW and W. The Alert Level remained at 3 (the second highest level on a four-level scale) and the public was advised to stay 4 km away from the active crater and 5 km away from the N crater wall opening.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Kanlaon
PHIVOLCS issued special notices for Kanlaon noting continuing high levels sulfur dioxide gas emissions. Summit emissions measured with a Flyspec instrument averaged 6,720 tonnes/day (t/d), 6,367 t/d, and 7,172 t/d on 21, 24, and 25 August, respectively. Sulfur odors were reported in several barangays (neighborhoods) in La Carlota City (14 km W) and La Castellana (16 km SW), Negros Occidental, on 21 August and in Murcia (17 km NNW), Negros Occidental, on 24 August. Voluminous steam-rich plumes were observed on 24 August rising as high as 700 m above the crater rim and drifting N. The 25 August measurement was the second highest emission average ever recorded at the volcano. Sulfur dioxide emissions decreased to 3,447 t/d on 26 August.

Higher sulfur dioxide gas fluxes had been recorded in 2024 with an average of 1,273 t/d prior to the 3 June eruption; afterward the eruption emissions were elevated, averaging 3,351 t/d. An average of nine volcanic earthquakes per day also persisted after the 3 June eruption. Ground deformation data from continuous GPS and electronic tilt data indicated slow inflation of the volcano since March 2022; the rate of inflation at the E flank increased in 2023 and at the SE flank beginning in July 2024. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 0-5) and PHIVOLCS reminded the public to remain outside of the 4-km-radius Permanent Danger Zone.
Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)
Report for Karymsky
KVERT reported moderate levels of activity at Karymsky during 15-22 August. A thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images on 16 August; weather clouds obscured views on the other days during the week. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC times; specific events are in local time where noted.
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)
Report for Lewotobi
PVMBG reported that eruptive activity at Lewotobi’s Laki-laki volcano continued during 21-27 August. Daily gray or white-and-gray ash plumes that were sometimes dense rose as high as 1.2 km above the summit and drifted mainly SW, W, and NW. According to a 23 August news article farmers reported failed crops, including cashews, that had been impacted by ashfall. Another news article stated that several local homes were flooded on 25 August by lahars that had a sulfur odor. The Alert Level remained at 3 (the second highest level on a scale of 1-4) and the public was warned to stay outside of the exclusion zone, defined as a 3-km radius around both Laki-laki and Perempuan craters, 4 km to the NNW and SSE of Laki-laki.
Sources: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM), Metro TV News, Metro TV News
Report for Marapi
PVMBG reported that eruptive activity at Marapi (on Sumatra) was ongoing during 21-17 August. Gray ash plumes rose 100-350 m above the summit and drifted in multiple directions during 21-22 and 25 August. Emissions were not observed on the other days. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 1-4), and the public was warned to stay 3 km away from the active crater.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Merapi
BPPTKG reported that the eruption at Merapi (on Java) continued during 16-22 August. Earthquakes were more intense compared to the previous week. The SW lava dome produced lava avalanches that descended the S and SW flanks; 314 traveled as far as 1.9 km SW down the upper part of the Bebeng drainage, two traveled 1 km S down the Boyong drainage, one traveled 1 km W down the Batang drainage, and one traveled 500 m W down the Apu drainage. Morphological changes to the SW lava dome were due to continuing effusion and collapses of material. The volume of the SW dome was an estimated 2,777,900 cubic meters based on webcam images and a 21 August drone survey. The hottest temperature was around 243 degrees Celsius, similar to the previous measurement. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 1-4), and the public was warned to stay 3-7 km away from the summit, based on location.
Source: Balai Penyelidikan dan Pengembangan Teknologi Kebencanaan Geologi (BPPTKG)
Report for Sabancaya
Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP) reported that the eruption at Sabancaya continued during 9-25 August with a daily average of 58 explosions. Gas-and-ash plumes rose as high as 2 km above the summit and drifted less than 10 km NE, SE, and S. Thermal anomalies over the lava dome in the summit crater were identified in satellite data. Slight inflation was detected N of Hualca Hualca (7 km N). Sulfur dioxide emissions were at moderate levels, averaging 585 tons per day. The Alert Level remained at Orange (the third level on a four-color scale) and the public was warned to stay outside of a 12 km radius.
Source: Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP)
Report for Semeru
PVMBG reported that eruptive activity continued at Semeru during 21-27 August with multiple daily eruptive events recorded by the seismic network. White-and-gray ash plumes that were sometimes dense rose 100-800 m above the summit and drifted S, SW, and W on most days; weather conditions sometimes prevented visual confirmation of the eruptive events, especially on 21 and 25 August. The Alert Level remained at 2 (the second lowest level on a scale of 1-4). The public was warned to stay at least 5 km away from the summit in all directions, 13 km from the summit to the SE, 500 m from the banks of the Kobokan drainage as far as 17 km from the summit, and to avoid other drainages including the Bang, Kembar, and Sat, due to lahar, avalanche, and pyroclastic flow hazards.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)
Report for Stromboli
INGV reported that eruptive activity continued at Stromboli during 19-25 August. Webcam images showed Strombolian activity at three vents in Area N within the upper part of the Sciara del Fuoco, and from one vent at S2 in Area C-S (South-Central Crater) on the crater terrace. The vents in Area N had been active for several weeks and two of them continued to produce explosions ejecting ash, lapilli, and bombs. The third and southernmost vent ejected spatter. A larger explosion at 1140 on 25 August produced a dense ash plume and ejected material onto the Sciara del Fuoco drainage. The vent in Area C-S ejected tephra at a decreasing rate. The Dipartimento della Protezione Civile lowered the Alert Level to Orange on 23 July and then to Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-level scale) on 8 August, where it remains.
Sources: Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo (INGV), Dipartimento della Protezione Civile
Report for Suwanosejima
JMA reported that eruptive activity at Suwanosejima's Ontake Crater continued during 19-26 August. Crater incandescence was observed nightly in webcam images. An explosion at 0900 on 22 August generated an ash plume that rose 1.5 km straight up above the crater rim. An eruptive event at 0448 on 25 August generated an ash plume that rose 2.3 km above the carter rim and drifted S. An ash plume from an explosion at 1623 on 26 August rose 1.3 km above the crater rim and drifted SW. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a 5-level scale) and the public was warned to stay at least 1.5 km away from the crater.
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)
Report for Villarrica
Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería (SERNAGEOMIN) and Nacional de Prevención y Repuesta Ante Desastres (SENAPRED) reduced the exclusion zone around Villarrica to 1 km on 23 August. The announcement noted that there had been a decrease in the number of explosions that ejected material above the crater rim and that monitoring data had showed low levels of activity for the previous few months. The Volcanic Alert Level remained at Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-level scale) and SENAPRED maintained the Alert Level at Yellow (the middle level on a three-color scale) for the communities of Villarrica, Pucón (16 km N), Curarrehue, and Panguipulli.
Sources: Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería (SERNAGEOMIN), Sistema y Servicio Nacional de Prevención y Repuesta Ante Desastres (SENAPRED)