| Country | Japan |
| Volcanic Region | Northeast Japan Volcanic Arc |
| Landform | Volc Type | Composite | Stratovolcano |
| Last Known Eruption | 1790 CE |
| Coordinates | 41.51°N, 139.367°E |
| Elevation | 732 m (2,402 ft) |
| Volcano Number | 285010 |
 Google Earth Placemark with Features
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 Cite Volcano Profile
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The Global Volcanism Program has no Weekly Volcanic Activity Reports available for Oshima-Oshima.
Cite this Report
Earthquakes and tremor detected
Volcanic earthquakes and tremors were detected near the end of March by instruments maintained by Hokkaido University.
This small island 55 km W of Hokkaido in the Japan Sea consists of two coalescing volcanoes. An eruption in August 1741 produced heavy ashfall on the Hokkaido mainland. A violent explosion and landsliding from the Nishi-yama cone accompanied a large tectonic earthquake and a major tsunami that killed 1,475 people, most on the W coast of the Oshima Peninsula. Subsequent eruptions through early 1742 produced a new central cone and lava flows. Minor explosive activity was documented in 1759, 1786, and 1790.
Information Contacts: Volcanological Division, Seismological and Volcanological Department, Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), 1-3-4 Ote-machi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100 Japan.
The Global Volcanism Program has no Weekly Reports available for Oshima-Oshima.
Reports are organized chronologically and indexed below by Month/Year (Publication Volume:Number), and include a one-line summary. Click on the index link or scroll down to read the reports.
03/1996 (BGVN 21:03) Earthquakes and tremor detected
Information is preliminary and subject to change. All times are local (unless otherwise noted)
Cite this Report
Earthquakes and tremor detected
Volcanic earthquakes and tremors were detected near the end of March by instruments maintained by Hokkaido University.
This small island 55 km W of Hokkaido in the Japan Sea consists of two coalescing volcanoes. An eruption in August 1741 produced heavy ashfall on the Hokkaido mainland. A violent explosion and landsliding from the Nishi-yama cone accompanied a large tectonic earthquake and a major tsunami that killed 1,475 people, most on the W coast of the Oshima Peninsula. Subsequent eruptions through early 1742 produced a new central cone and lava flows. Minor explosive activity was documented in 1759, 1786, and 1790.
Information Contacts: Volcanological Division, Seismological and Volcanological Department, Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), 1-3-4 Ote-machi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100 Japan.
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There is data available for 5 confirmed eruptive periods.
1790 Jan (?) Confirmed Eruption (Explosive / Effusive) VEI: 2
| Episode 1 | Eruption (Explosive / Effusive) | Nishi-yama | ||||||||||||||||||
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| 1790 Jan (?) - Unknown | Evidence from Observations: Reported | ||||||||||||||||||
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List of 2 Events for Episode 1 at Nishi-yama
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[ 1786 ] Uncertain Eruption
| Episode 1 | Eruption (Explosive / Effusive) | Nishi-yama | ||||||||||||||||||
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| 1786 - Unknown | Evidence from Unknown | ||||||||||||||||||
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List of 2 Events for Episode 1 at Nishi-yama
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1759 Aug 19 Confirmed Eruption (Explosive / Effusive) VEI: 2
| Episode 1 | Eruption (Explosive / Effusive) | Nishi-yama | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 1759 Aug 19 - Unknown | Evidence from Observations: Reported | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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List of 3 Events for Episode 1 at Nishi-yama
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1741 Aug 18 (?) - 1742 May Confirmed Eruption (Explosive / Effusive) VEI: 4
| Episode 1 | Eruption (Explosive / Effusive) | Nishi-yama | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 1741 Aug 18 (?) - 1742 May | Evidence from Observations: Reported | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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List of 11 Events for Episode 1 at Nishi-yama
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0250 ± 150 years Confirmed Eruption (Explosive / Effusive)
| Episode 1 | Eruption (Explosive / Effusive) | Nishi-yama | ||||||||||||||||||
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| 0250 ± 150 years - Unknown | Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated) | ||||||||||||||||||
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List of 2 Events for Episode 1 at Nishi-yama
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0800 BCE ± 100 years Confirmed Eruption (Explosive / Effusive)
| Episode 1 | Eruption (Explosive / Effusive) | Nishi-yama | ||||||||||||||||||
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| 0800 BCE ± 100 years - Unknown | Evidence from Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated) | ||||||||||||||||||
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List of 2 Events for Episode 1 at Nishi-yama
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This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.
Synonyms |
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| O-sima | Osima-Osima | ||||
Cones |
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| Feature Name | Feature Type | Elevation | Latitude | Longitude |
| Higashi-yama | Stratovolcano | 737 m | ||
| Kanpo-dake | Pyroclastic cone | 680 m | ||
| Nishi-yama | Stratovolcano | 722 m | ||
The following 2 samples associated with this volcano can be found in the Smithsonian's NMNH Department of Mineral Sciences collections, and may be availble for research (contact the Rock and Ore Collections Manager). Catalog number links will open a window with more information.
| Catalog Number | Sample Description | Lava Source | Collection Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NMNH 112974 | Hornblende Basalt | -- | -- |
| NMNH 112975 | Olivine Basalt | -- | -- |
| Copernicus Browser | The Copernicus Browser replaced the Sentinel Hub Playground browser in 2023, to provide access to Earth observation archives from the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem, the main distribution platform for data from the EU Copernicus missions. |
| MIROVA | Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity (MIROVA) is a near real time volcanic hot-spot detection system based on the analysis of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. In particular, MIROVA uses the Middle InfraRed Radiation (MIR), measured over target volcanoes, in order to detect, locate and measure the heat radiation sourced from volcanic activity. |
| MODVOLC Thermal Alerts | Using infrared satellite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, scientists at the Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i, developed an automated system called MODVOLC to map thermal hot-spots in near real time. For each MODIS image, the algorithm automatically scans each 1 km pixel within it to check for high-temperature hot-spots. When one is found the date, time, location, and intensity are recorded. MODIS looks at every square km of the Earth every 48 hours, once during the day and once during the night, and the presence of two MODIS sensors in space allows at least four hot-spot observations every two days. Each day updated global maps are compiled to display the locations of all hot spots detected in the previous 24 hours. There is a drop-down list with volcano names which allow users to 'zoom-in' and examine the distribution of hot-spots at a variety of spatial scales. |
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WOVOdat
Single Volcano View Temporal Evolution of Unrest Side by Side Volcanoes |
WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. It is sponsored by the World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and presently hosted at the Earth Observatory of Singapore.
GVMID Data on Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure The Global Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure Database GVMID, is aimed at documenting and improving capabilities of volcano monitoring from the ground and space. GVMID should provide a snapshot and baseline view of the techniques and instrumentation that are in place at various volcanoes, which can be use by volcano observatories as reference to setup new monitoring system or improving networks at a specific volcano. These data will allow identification of what monitoring gaps exist, which can be then targeted by remote sensing infrastructure and future instrument deployments. |
| Volcanic Hazard Maps | The IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Hazards and Risk has a Volcanic Hazard Maps database designed to serve as a resource for hazard mappers (or other interested parties) to explore how common issues in hazard map development have been addressed at different volcanoes, in different countries, for different hazards, and for different intended audiences. In addition to the comprehensive, searchable Volcanic Hazard Maps Database, this website contains information about diversity of volcanic hazard maps, illustrated using examples from the database. This site is for educational purposes related to volcanic hazard maps. Hazard maps found on this website should not be used for emergency purposes. For the most recent, official hazard map for a particular volcano, please seek out the proper institutional authorities on the matter. |
| EarthScope Consortium SAGE seismic stations/networks | EarthScope Consortium operates the NSF Geodetic Facility for the Advancement of Geoscience (GAGE) and NSF Seismological Facility for the Advancement of Geoscience (SAGE). The linked map shows the location of seismic stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 0.18° (about 20 km at mid-latitudes) from the given location of Oshima-Oshima. Users can customize a variety of filters and options in the left panel. Note that if there are no stations are known the map will default to show the entire world with a "No data matched request" error notice. |
| Large Eruptions of Oshima-Oshima | Information about large Quaternary eruptions (VEI >= 4) is cataloged in the Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions (LaMEVE) database of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA). |
| EarthChem | EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA). IEDA is a collaborative effort of EarthChem and the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS). |
Oshima-Oshima volcano is seen here from the N with the Kanpodake cone (back-center) that formed during the 1741 eruption. Major edifice collapse that year produced a large scarp open to the north, with the walls visible at the sides of the image. The 4-km-wide island is 55 km W of the SW tip of Hokkaido, and is the emergent summit of two coalescing volcanoes: Higashiyama at the eastern end of the island, and Nishiyama at the western end.