Global Volcanism Program | Tomariyama [Golovnin]

Most Recent Bulletin Report: November 1988 (SEAN 13:11) Cite this Report

Fumarolic activity

Fumarolic activity, concentrated at the foot of the lava dome, continued at a constant level. The temperature of the hot lake in the same area had not changed, but varied within the lake from 34 to 84°C. The temperature of the stream that flowed from the lake remained at 30-34°.

Information Contacts: G. Steinberg, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk.

The Global Volcanism Program has no Weekly Reports available for Tomariyama [Golovnin].

Bulletin Reports - Index

Reports are organized chronologically and indexed below by Month/Year (Publication Volume:Number), and include a one-line summary. Click on the index link or scroll down to read the reports.

04/1987 (SEAN 12:04) Moderate fumarolic and solfataric activity

11/1988 (SEAN 13:11) Fumarolic activity

Information is preliminary and subject to change. All times are local (unless otherwise noted)

April 1987 (SEAN 12:04) Cite this Report

Moderate fumarolic and solfataric activity

During a 6 November aerial survey, moderate fumarolic and solfataric activity was noted at the N foot of the E and W domes and along Goryachee Lake's S shore.

Information Contacts: G. Steinberg and B. Piskunov, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk.

November 1988 (SEAN 13:11) Cite this Report

Fumarolic activity

Fumarolic activity, concentrated at the foot of the lava dome, continued at a constant level. The temperature of the hot lake in the same area had not changed, but varied within the lake from 34 to 84°C. The temperature of the stream that flowed from the lake remained at 30-34°.

Information Contacts: G. Steinberg, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk.

This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.

Synonyms

Itibisinai | Tomari-yama | Golovnin

Craters

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Ichihishinai Lake
Kipyascheye Lake

Crater

Domes

Feature Name

Feature Type

Elevation

Latitude

Longitude

Krutoi

Dome

Podushechny

Dome

Vneshnii

Dome

Basic Data

Volcano Number

Last Known Eruption

Elevation

Latitude
Longitude

290010

1848 CE

535 m / 1755 ft

43.844°N
145.504°E

Volcano Types

Caldera
Lava dome(s)

Rock Types

Major
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Dacite
Basalt / Picro-Basalt

Tectonic Setting

Subduction zone
Intermediate crust (15-25 km)

Population

Within 5 km
Within 10 km
Within 30 km
Within 100 km

1,796
1,796
2,445
159,344

Geological Summary

Tomariyama, also known as Golovnin, forms the southern end of Kunashir Island, across the Nemuro Strait from Hokkaido. Explosive activity has dominated in the formation of this andesitic-dacitic volcano; no lava flows are exposed. The gently sloping stratovolcano is truncated by a 4-5 km caldera that formed during a series of late-Pleistocene eruptions beginning about 43,000 years ago. Several lava domes were subsequently emplaced on the caldera floor. Topographic highs outside the caldera rim are lava domes extruded along a ring structure or an outer caldera. A 1 x 2.5 km caldera lake on the northern side of the inner caldera drains through a narrow breach in the western caldera wall. Solfataric activity occurs at the northern lake shore and at explosion craters (one of which contains a hot crater lake with reported temperatures from 36-100°C) that cut the caldera-floor lava domes. The only known recorded eruption was a minor explosion in 1848.

References

The following references have all been used during the compilation of data for this volcano, it is not a comprehensive bibliography.

Erlich E N, 1986. Geology of the calderas of Kamchatka and Kurile Islands with comparison to calderas of Japan and the Aleutians, Alaska. U S Geol Surv Open-File Rpt, 86-291: 1-300.

Gorshkov G S, 1958. Kurile Islands. Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World and Solfatara Fields, Rome: IAVCEI, 7: 1-99.

Gorshkov G S, 1970. Volcanism and the Upper Mantle; Investigations in the Kurile Island Arc. New York: Plenum Publishing Corp, 385 p.

IAVCEI, 1973-80. Post-Miocene Volcanoes of the World. IAVCEI Data Sheets, Rome: Internatl Assoc Volc Chemistry Earth's Interior.

Japan Meteorological Agency, 1996. National Catalogue of the Active Volcanoes in Japan (second edition). Tokyo: Japan Meteorological Agency, 502 p (in Japanese).

Japan Meteorological Agency, 2013. National Catalogue of the Active Volcanoes in Japan (fourth edition, English version). Japan Meteorological Agency.

Nakano S, Yamamoto T, Iwaya T, Itoh J, Takada A, 2001-. Quaternary Volcanoes of Japan. Geol Surv Japan, AIST, http://www.aist.go.jp/RIODB/strata/VOL_JP/.

Raszhigaeva N G, Korokty A M, Sulerzhitsky L D, Grebennikova T A, Ganzei L A, Bazarova V B, 1999. Late Pleistocene tephra around Golovnin volcano, Kunashir I. (Kuril Islands). Volc Seism, 20: 127-254 (English translation).

Raszhigaeva N G, Korotky A M, Sulerzhitsky L D, Grebennikova T A, Ganzei L A, Mokhova L M, Bazarova V B, 1998. Holocene tephra of Kunashir I. (Kuril Islands). Volc Seism, 20: 48-63 (English translation).

Eruptive History

There is data available for 3 confirmed Holocene eruptive periods.

1848 Confirmed Eruption Max VEI: 1

Episode 1 | Eruption Episode

Eastern explosion crater

1848 - Unknown

Evidence from Observations: Reported

An eruption from the eastern explosion crater around the middle of the 19th century was listed by Gorshkov (CAVW, 1958). Gushchenko (1979) lists this eruption as occurring in 1848.

List of 2 Events for Episode 1 at Eastern explosion crater

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	1848	- - - -	VEI (Explosivity Index)

1290 ± 20 years Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption Episode

Kipyascheye lake, KnIV-4 tephra

1290 ± 20 years - Unknown

Evidence from Correlation: Tephrochronology

Kipyascheye lake crater was formed during a phreatic eruption. The associated tephra layer (KnIV-4) was dated at 640-680 years BP on the basis of sedimentation rates (Raszhigaeva et al., 1998).

List of 3 Events for Episode 1 at Kipyascheye lake, KnIV-4 tephra

Start Date	End Date	Event Type
- - - -	- - - -	Phreatic activity
- - - -	- - - -	Ash
- - - -	- - - -	Lapilli

4550 BCE (?) Confirmed Eruption

Episode 1 | Eruption Episode

Tephra layer Kn-IV-12

4550 BCE (?) - Unknown

Evidence from Correlation: Tephrochronology

Tephra layer KnIV-12 underlies the Ma-f tephra from Mashu volcano in Hokkaido and is dated at about 6,500 years BP (Raszhgaeva et al., 1998).

List of 2 Events for Episode 1 at Tephra layer Kn-IV-12

	Start Date	End Date	Event Type	Event Remarks
	- - - -	- - - -	Explosion
	- - - -	- - - -	Ash

Deformation History

There is no Deformation History data available for Tomariyama [Golovnin].

Emission History

There is no Emissions History data available for Tomariyama [Golovnin].

Photo Gallery

A crater in the 4 x 5 km Tomariyama caldera contains sulfur deposition in geothermal areas along the lake shore and beneath the lake. It is the southernmost volcano in the Kuril Islands and forms the southern end of Kunashir Island across the Nemuro Strait from Hokkaido. Several lava domes have formed within the caldera.

Photo by Yuri Doubik (Institute of Volcanology, Petropavlovsk).

GVP Map Holdings

The maps shown below have been scanned from the GVP map archives and include the volcano on this page. Clicking on the small images will load the full 300 dpi map. Very small-scale maps (such as world maps) are not included. The maps database originated over 30 years ago, but was only recently updated and connected to our main database. We welcome users to tell us if they see incorrect information or other problems with the maps; please use the Contact GVP link at the bottom of the page to send us email.

Smithsonian Sample Collections Database

There are no samples for Tomariyama [Golovnin] in the Smithsonian's NMNH Department of Mineral Sciences Rock and Ore collection.

External Sites

Copernicus Browser

The Copernicus Browser replaced the Sentinel Hub Playground browser in 2023, to provide access to Earth observation archives from the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem, the main distribution platform for data from the EU Copernicus missions.

MIROVA

Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity (MIROVA) is a near real time volcanic hot-spot detection system based on the analysis of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. In particular, MIROVA uses the Middle InfraRed Radiation (MIR), measured over target volcanoes, in order to detect, locate and measure the heat radiation sourced from volcanic activity.

MODVOLC Thermal Alerts

Using infrared satellite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, scientists at the Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i, developed an automated system called MODVOLC to map thermal hot-spots in near real time. For each MODIS image, the algorithm automatically scans each 1 km pixel within it to check for high-temperature hot-spots. When one is found the date, time, location, and intensity are recorded. MODIS looks at every square km of the Earth every 48 hours, once during the day and once during the night, and the presence of two MODIS sensors in space allows at least four hot-spot observations every two days. Each day updated global maps are compiled to display the locations of all hot spots detected in the previous 24 hours. There is a drop-down list with volcano names which allow users to 'zoom-in' and examine the distribution of hot-spots at a variety of spatial scales.

WOVOdat
   Single Volcano View
   Temporal Evolution of Unrest
   Side by Side Volcanoes

WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. It is sponsored by the World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and presently hosted at the Earth Observatory of Singapore.

GVMID Data on Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure The Global Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure Database GVMID, is aimed at documenting and improving capabilities of volcano monitoring from the ground and space. GVMID should provide a snapshot and baseline view of the techniques and instrumentation that are in place at various volcanoes, which can be use by volcano observatories as reference to setup new monitoring system or improving networks at a specific volcano. These data will allow identification of what monitoring gaps exist, which can be then targeted by remote sensing infrastructure and future instrument deployments.

Volcanic Hazard Maps

The IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Hazards and Risk has a Volcanic Hazard Maps database designed to serve as a resource for hazard mappers (or other interested parties) to explore how common issues in hazard map development have been addressed at different volcanoes, in different countries, for different hazards, and for different intended audiences. In addition to the comprehensive, searchable Volcanic Hazard Maps Database, this website contains information about diversity of volcanic hazard maps, illustrated using examples from the database. This site is for educational purposes related to volcanic hazard maps. Hazard maps found on this website should not be used for emergency purposes. For the most recent, official hazard map for a particular volcano, please seek out the proper institutional authorities on the matter.

IRIS seismic stations/networks

Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Services map showing the location of seismic stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 0.18° (about 20 km at mid-latitudes) from the given location of Tomariyama [Golovnin]. Users can customize a variety of filters and options in the left panel. Note that if there are no stations are known the map will default to show the entire world with a "No data matched request" error notice.

UNAVCO GPS/GNSS stations

Geodetic Data Services map from UNAVCO showing the location of GPS/GNSS stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 20 km from the given location of Tomariyama [Golovnin]. Users can customize the data search based on station or network names, location, and time window. Requires Adobe Flash Player.

DECADE Data

The DECADE portal, still in the developmental stage, serves as an example of the proposed interoperability between The Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program, the Mapping Gas Emissions (MaGa) Database, and the EarthChem Geochemical Portal. The Deep Earth Carbon Degassing (DECADE) initiative seeks to use new and established technologies to determine accurate global fluxes of volcanic CO₂ to the atmosphere, but installing CO₂ monitoring networks on 20 of the world's 150 most actively degassing volcanoes. The group uses related laboratory-based studies (direct gas sampling and analysis, melt inclusions) to provide new data for direct degassing of deep earth carbon to the atmosphere.

Large Eruptions of Tomariyama [Golovnin]

Information about large Quaternary eruptions (VEI >= 4) is cataloged in the Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions (LaMEVE) database of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA).

EarthChem

EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA). IEDA is a collaborative effort of EarthChem and the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS).