According to JMA an area of pale yellow-green discolored water with a diameter of about 100 m was visible about 65 km SSE of Myojinsho on 26 January, based on an overflight conducted by the Japan Coast Guard. An eruption warning was issued to mariners. Discolored water was last observed in March 2018.
Sources: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), Japan Coast Guard
Discolored water
Light green discolored water, centered over the vent in a fan-shaped zone ~8 km long, was seen from the air on 18 March. The next day, a circle of light green discolored water ~1.8 km in diameter was visible.
Information Contacts: JMA.
According to JMA an area of pale yellow-green discolored water with a diameter of about 100 m was visible about 65 km SSE of Myojinsho on 26 January, based on an overflight conducted by the Japan Coast Guard. An eruption warning was issued to mariners. Discolored water was last observed in March 2018.
Sources: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA); Japan Coast Guard
JMA issued a warning on 24 March for the waters surrounding Myojinsho after reports from the Japan Coast Guard indicated discolored water from a possible eruptive event.
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)
Reports are organized chronologically and indexed below by Month/Year (Publication Volume:Number), and include a one-line summary. Click on the index link or scroll down to read the reports.
Explosions and discolored water on 29 January; larger eruption on 3 February
Card 0859 (04 February 1970) Numerous explosions and discolored water on 29 January
The submarine volcano Myojin-sho exploded on 29 January between 1400 and 1600 hours. Located at 31°N, 139°59.5' E, the volcano shot a 200-300-m-wide water spout 100 m into the air at 1420, 1435, and 1443 hours. The explosions were accompanied by sulfur-colored smoke, as reported by the fishing boat Shintokumaru ##2. Another boat, the Shintokumaru ##12, reported five or six similar explosions, each of 3-4 minutes duration, at 1540 hours.
Card 0866 (13 February 1970) Larger eruption on 3 February
The Myojin-sho Reef in the Pacific erupted again at around 1040 [on 7 February], the 3rd Regional Maritime Safety Agency Headquarters in Yokohama revealed. The eruption was reported by the fishing boat No. 2 Shintoku Maru, which was sailing near the volcanic reef, located 150 km S of Hachijojima Island. According to the report, the eruption was greater in scale than the previous one which had occurred 29 January. Crew members of the fishing vessel witnessed great clouds of spray and seawater of dark-red color around the reef.
Information Contacts:
Card 0859 (04 February 1970) Tokiko Tiba, National Science Museum, Tokyo, Japan.
Card 0866 (13 February 1970) S. Motoda, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Japan; W.H. Littlewood, American Embassy, Tokyo, Japan.
Explosions in January and February detected by hydrophones
Card 0880 (09 March 1970)
"The submarine eruption of Myojin-sho on 29 January was detected by sofar hydrophones of the Pacific Missile Range at Wake and Midway Islands. The origin time for the first explosion was 0330 GMT; for the last 1153 GMT. Eight large explosions occurred between 0330 and 0639, five between 0925 and 1012, and continuous high level activity between 1020 and 1110 GMT.
"Nine strong explosions from Myojin-sho originating between 0245 and 0511 GMT, 13 February, were recorded by the sofar hydrophones of the Pacific Missile Range at Wake and Midway. The hydrophones also recorded strong signals from the direction of Myojinsho on 14, 16 and 17 February with the strongest activity at 1044 GMT 17 February. One explosion was recorded on 25 February originating at 1914 GMT."
Information Contacts: Rockne H. Johnson, Hawaii Institute of Geophysics, University of Hawaii, USA.
Eruption on 23 April sends water and smoke 200 m high
Card 0927 (30 April 1970) Eruption on 23 April sends water and smoke 200 m high
The following information was passed to the Center via the American Embassy. Myojin-sho erupted again 23 April according to a report reaching Shizuoka from the Japanese fishing boat Kaigyo Maru of Izu, Shizuoka, Prefecture. The crew of the Kaigyo Maru witnessed the eruption at a point 50 km SE of the reef. It sent a column of water and smoke 200 m high.
Information Contacts: Japanese Fishing Fleet, Izu, Kyodo, Japan.
Detailed observations of activity from fishing boats and observation flights
Card 0938 (14 May 1970) Detailed observations of activity from fishing boats and observation flights
"The submarine volcano Myojin-sho exploded on 23 April 1970. Fishing boats, the Kairyu-maru and the 7th Kinosya-maru, reported as follows: 23 April, 0620 JST: explosion; water spout was given out 200-500 km high and about 100 m wide. 0630 -0637 JST: explosion. 0710 JST: explosion; volcanic smoke was observed to be 20-30 m high. After this, there were three to four explosions until 0800 hours on the same day. Water spout seemed to be higher than 200 m. The JMSA (Japan Maritime Safety Agency) observed the states of the submarine volcano from the air at 1125-1200 JST on 23 April and reported as follows: Sea water, about 100 m across, above the submarine volcano, was discolored by sulfur. A yellow belt of water discolored with sulfur, 1,000 m wide and 2,000 m long, moved in the SW direction from the discolored zone. At the front of this belt was a floating pumice zone 50-100 m wide and 1,000 m long, seemingly emitted on the occasion of the observed explosions. At 1100-1140 JST on 1 May, the members of JMA and JMSA observed this volcano from the air. No volcanic island above sea-level was seen, but light green sea water above the volcano suspended with sulfur or ejecta from the submarine-crater was observed (across 50-60 m). A discolored belt of water from this suspended zone was observed to move in the SE direction and to be 50-60 m wide, several hundred meters long. The sea temperature near this submarine volcano was measured with an infrared thermometer from the airplane but an extraordinary temperature was not detected."
Information Contacts: Yosihiro Sawada, Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo, Japan.
Explosion bubbles and floating pumice on 18 June
Card 0972 (15 July 1970) Explosion bubbles and floating pumice on 18 June
"In the morning of 18 June 1970, members of the fishing boat the 3rd Zinkokumaru observed the bubbles of a submarine volcanic explosion under sea-level about 50 m deep. Much pumice (max. 40 cm across) was floating near the sea surface above the submarine crater."
Information Contacts: Yosihiro Sawada, Japan Meteorological Agency, Tokyo, Japan.
Water discoloration observed on 13 July 1979
After 10 years of inactivity, discolored water was observed on 13 July 1979 at Myojin-sho.
Information Contacts: JMSA, Tokyo; JMA, Tokyo.
Discolored water
The crew of the fishing boat Suitenmaru 11 saw discolored water over Myojin-sho on 15 November at around 1530. They reported that no discoloration had been seen there that morning. JMSA personnel flew over the site on 18 November and observed three circular areas of pale green water, each 50-80 m across, aligned within a 300-m zone. [Discolored water was] also seen the following day by the crew of the fishing boat Shinkomaru 26 and again by JMSA personnel on 26 November. No floating ejecta or upwelling of water were noted, however.
Information Contacts: JMSA, Tokyo; JMA, Tokyo.
Discolored water seen on 23 December
The Japanese Maritime Safety Agency (JMSA) continues frequent aerial monitoring of several known submarine volcanoes. Renewed activity at Myojin-sho was first observed from a fishing boat on 15 November. [Overflights on 14 November and 18 December did not cover Myojin-sho, but that on 23 December observed discolored water at the site.]
Further Reference. Smoot, N.C., The growth rate of submarine volcanoes on the South Honshu and East Mariana Ridges: JGVR. [Bathymetric data on this and following seamounts throughout the Mariana arc.]
Information Contacts: JMA, Tokyo.
Discolored water within 100 km
Discolored water within a 100-m radius of Myojin-sho, the central cone of the submarine volcano, was recognized by observers on a fishing boat at 1040 on 21 October. No discolored water had been seen at 0603 that day and none was seen the next day during a JMSA overflight.
Information Contacts: JMA.
Discolored water
Light green discolored water, centered over the vent in a fan-shaped zone ~8 km long, was seen from the air on 18 March. The next day, a circle of light green discolored water ~1.8 km in diameter was visible.
Information Contacts: JMA.
This compilation of synonyms and subsidiary features may not be comprehensive. Features are organized into four major categories: Cones, Craters, Domes, and Thermal Features. Synonyms of features appear indented below the primary name. In some cases additional feature type, elevation, or location details are provided.
Cones |
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Feature Name | Feature Type | Elevation | Latitude | Longitude |
Takanesho
Takane-sho |
Cone | |||
Craters |
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Feature Name | Feature Type | Elevation | Latitude | Longitude |
Myojinsho Caldera | Caldera | -500 m | 31° 53' 36" N | 139° 59' 11" E |
Domes |
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Feature Name | Feature Type | Elevation | Latitude | Longitude |
Myojinsho Dome
Myozin-syo Myojin-sho |
Dome | -50 m | 31° 55' 1" N | 140° 1' 3" E |
Other |
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Feature Name | Feature Type | Elevation | Latitude | Longitude |
Beyonesu Rocks
Harosu Beyonesu-Retugan Bayonesu-Gansho Bayonnaise Reef Bayonnaise Rocks |
Island - Caldera rim fragment | 11 m | 31° 53' 17" N | 139° 55' 4" E |
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There is data available for 15 confirmed Holocene eruptive periods.
[ 2023 Jan 26 - 2023 Jan 26 ] Uncertain Eruption
Episode 1 | Uncertain | |||||||||||||||
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2023 Jan 26 - 2023 Jan 26 | Evidence from Observations: Reported | ||||||||||||||
According to JMA an area of pale yellow-green discolored water with a diameter of about 100 m was visible about 65 km SSE of Myojinsho on 26 January 2023, based on an overflight conducted by the Japan Coast Guard. An eruption warning was issued to mariners. | |||||||||||||||
List of 1 Events for Episode 1
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[ 2018 Mar 24 - 2018 Mar 24 ] Uncertain Eruption
Episode 1 | Uncertain | |||||||||||||||
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2018 Mar 24 - 2018 Mar 24 | Evidence from Observations: Reported | ||||||||||||||
JMA issued a warning on 24 March 2018 for the waters surrounding Myojinsho after reports from the Japan Coast Guard indicated discolored water from a possible eruptive event. | |||||||||||||||
List of 1 Events for Episode 1
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[ 1988 Mar 18 - 1988 Mar 19 ] Uncertain Eruption
Episode 1 | Eruption | Myojinsho | ||||||||||||||
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1988 Mar 18 - 1988 Mar 19 | Evidence from Unknown | ||||||||||||||
List of 1 Events for Episode 1 at Myojinsho
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[ 1987 Oct 21 - 1987 Dec 9 ] Uncertain Eruption
Episode 1 | Eruption | Myojinsho | ||||||||||||||
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1987 Oct 21 - 1987 Dec 9 | Evidence from Unknown | ||||||||||||||
List of 1 Events for Episode 1 at Myojinsho
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[ 1986 Oct 24 - 1986 Oct 24 ] Uncertain Eruption
Episode 1 | Eruption | Myojinsho | ||||||||||||||
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1986 Oct 24 - 1986 Oct 24 | Evidence from Unknown | ||||||||||||||
List of 1 Events for Episode 1 at Myojinsho
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[ 1983 May 12 ] Uncertain Eruption
Episode 1 | Eruption | Myojinsho | ||||||||||||||
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1983 May 12 - Unknown | Evidence from Unknown | ||||||||||||||
List of 1 Events for Episode 1 at Myojinsho
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[ 1982 Aug 10 ] Uncertain Eruption
Episode 1 | Eruption | Myojinsho | ||||||||||||||
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1982 Aug 10 - Unknown | Evidence from Unknown | ||||||||||||||
List of 1 Events for Episode 1 at Myojinsho
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[ 1980 Nov 15 - 1980 Dec 23 ] Uncertain Eruption
Episode 1 | Eruption | Myojinsho | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1980 Nov 15 - 1980 Dec 23 | Evidence from Unknown | ||||||||||||||
List of 1 Events for Episode 1 at Myojinsho
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[ 1979 Jul 13 ] Uncertain Eruption
Episode 1 | Eruption | Myojinsho | ||||||||||||||
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1979 Jul 13 - Unknown | Evidence from Unknown | ||||||||||||||
List of 1 Events for Episode 1 at Myojinsho
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[ 1971 Mar 18 ] Uncertain Eruption
Episode 1 | Eruption | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1971 Mar 18 - Unknown | Evidence from Unknown | ||||||||||||||
List of 1 Events for Episode 1
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1970 Jan 29 - 1970 Jun 16 ± 15 days Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2
Episode 1 | Eruption | Myojinsho | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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1970 Jan 29 - 1970 Jun 16 ± 15 days | Evidence from Observations: Reported | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
List of 4 Events for Episode 1 at Myojinsho
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1960 Jul 21 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2
Episode 1 | Eruption | Myojinsho | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1960 Jul 21 - Unknown | Evidence from Observations: Reported | ||||||||||||||
List of 1 Events for Episode 1 at Myojinsho
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1959 Jul 2 ± 182 days Confirmed Eruption VEI: 0
Episode 1 | Eruption | |||||||||||||||
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1959 Jul 2 ± 182 days - Unknown | Evidence from Observations: Reported | ||||||||||||||
List of 1 Events for Episode 1
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1958 Jul 2 ± 182 days Confirmed Eruption VEI: 0
Episode 1 | Eruption | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1958 Jul 2 ± 182 days - Unknown | Evidence from Observations: Reported | ||||||||||||||
List of 1 Events for Episode 1
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1957 May 2 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 0
Episode 1 | Eruption | |||||||||||||||
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1957 May 2 - Unknown | Evidence from Observations: Reported | ||||||||||||||
List of 1 Events for Episode 1
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1955 Jun 25 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 0
Episode 1 | Eruption | 4 km north of Bayonnaise Rocks | ||||||||||||||
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1955 Jun 25 - Unknown | Evidence from Observations: Reported | ||||||||||||||
List of 1 Events for Episode 1 at 4 km north of Bayonnaise Rocks
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1954 Nov 4 - 1954 Nov 5 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 0
Episode 1 | Eruption | Myojinsho | ||||||||||||||
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1954 Nov 4 - 1954 Nov 5 | Evidence from Observations: Reported | ||||||||||||||
List of 1 Events for Episode 1 at Myojinsho
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1952 Sep 16 - 1953 Oct 16 ± 15 days Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2
Episode 1 | Eruption | Myojinsho | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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1952 Sep 16 - 1953 Oct 16 ± 15 days | Evidence from Observations: Reported | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
List of 14 Events for Episode 1 at Myojinsho
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1946 Feb 4 ± 4 days Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2
Episode 1 | Eruption | Island at 31.95 N 140.02 E | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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1946 Feb 4 ± 4 days - Unknown | Evidence from Observations: Reported | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
List of 4 Events for Episode 1 at Island at 31.95 N 140.02 E
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1934 May Confirmed Eruption VEI: 0
Episode 1 | Eruption | 9 km E of Bayonnaise Rocks | ||||||||||||||
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1934 May - Unknown | Evidence from Observations: Reported | ||||||||||||||
List of 1 Events for Episode 1 at 9 km E of Bayonnaise Rocks
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1915 Feb - 1915 Jul Confirmed Eruption VEI: 0
Episode 1 | Eruption | 11 km east, 19 km NE, 4 km SW | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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1915 Feb - 1915 Jul | Evidence from Observations: Reported | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
List of 3 Events for Episode 1 at 11 km east, 19 km NE, 4 km SW
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1906 Apr 7 - 1906 Apr 14 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 1
Episode 1 | Eruption | 9-15 km SE of Bayonnaise Rocks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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1906 Apr 7 - 1906 Apr 14 | Evidence from Observations: Reported | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
List of 3 Events for Episode 1 at 9-15 km SE of Bayonnaise Rocks
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1896 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 2
Episode 1 | Eruption | 14 km north of Bayonnaise Rocks | |||||||||||||||||||
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1896 - Unknown | Evidence from Observations: Reported | |||||||||||||||||||
List of 2 Events for Episode 1 at 14 km north of Bayonnaise Rocks
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1871 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 0
Episode 1 | Eruption | Volcano Uncertain | ||||||||||||||
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1871 - Unknown | Evidence from Unknown | ||||||||||||||
List of 1 Events for Episode 1 at Volcano Uncertain
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1869 May 6 Confirmed Eruption VEI: 0
Episode 1 | Eruption | Volcano Uncertain | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1869 May 6 - Unknown | Evidence from Unknown | ||||||||||||||
List of 1 Events for Episode 1 at Volcano Uncertain
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There is no Deformation History data available for Myojinsho.
There is no Emissions History data available for Myojinsho.
Maps are not currently available due to technical issues.
The maps shown below have been scanned from the GVP map archives and include the volcano on this page. Clicking on the small images will load the full 300 dpi map. Very small-scale maps (such as world maps) are not included.
There are no samples for Myojinsho in the Smithsonian's NMNH Department of Mineral Sciences Rock and Ore collection.
Copernicus Browser | The Copernicus Browser replaced the Sentinel Hub Playground browser in 2023, to provide access to Earth observation archives from the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem, the main distribution platform for data from the EU Copernicus missions. |
MIROVA | Middle InfraRed Observation of Volcanic Activity (MIROVA) is a near real time volcanic hot-spot detection system based on the analysis of MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data. In particular, MIROVA uses the Middle InfraRed Radiation (MIR), measured over target volcanoes, in order to detect, locate and measure the heat radiation sourced from volcanic activity. |
MODVOLC Thermal Alerts | Using infrared satellite Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, scientists at the Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i, developed an automated system called MODVOLC to map thermal hot-spots in near real time. For each MODIS image, the algorithm automatically scans each 1 km pixel within it to check for high-temperature hot-spots. When one is found the date, time, location, and intensity are recorded. MODIS looks at every square km of the Earth every 48 hours, once during the day and once during the night, and the presence of two MODIS sensors in space allows at least four hot-spot observations every two days. Each day updated global maps are compiled to display the locations of all hot spots detected in the previous 24 hours. There is a drop-down list with volcano names which allow users to 'zoom-in' and examine the distribution of hot-spots at a variety of spatial scales. |
WOVOdat
Single Volcano View Temporal Evolution of Unrest Side by Side Volcanoes |
WOVOdat is a database of volcanic unrest; instrumentally and visually recorded changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, and other parameters from their normal baselines. It is sponsored by the World Organization of Volcano Observatories (WOVO) and presently hosted at the Earth Observatory of Singapore.
GVMID Data on Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure The Global Volcano Monitoring Infrastructure Database GVMID, is aimed at documenting and improving capabilities of volcano monitoring from the ground and space. GVMID should provide a snapshot and baseline view of the techniques and instrumentation that are in place at various volcanoes, which can be use by volcano observatories as reference to setup new monitoring system or improving networks at a specific volcano. These data will allow identification of what monitoring gaps exist, which can be then targeted by remote sensing infrastructure and future instrument deployments. |
Volcanic Hazard Maps | The IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Hazards and Risk has a Volcanic Hazard Maps database designed to serve as a resource for hazard mappers (or other interested parties) to explore how common issues in hazard map development have been addressed at different volcanoes, in different countries, for different hazards, and for different intended audiences. In addition to the comprehensive, searchable Volcanic Hazard Maps Database, this website contains information about diversity of volcanic hazard maps, illustrated using examples from the database. This site is for educational purposes related to volcanic hazard maps. Hazard maps found on this website should not be used for emergency purposes. For the most recent, official hazard map for a particular volcano, please seek out the proper institutional authorities on the matter. |
IRIS seismic stations/networks | Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Services map showing the location of seismic stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 0.18° (about 20 km at mid-latitudes) from the given location of Myojinsho. Users can customize a variety of filters and options in the left panel. Note that if there are no stations are known the map will default to show the entire world with a "No data matched request" error notice. |
UNAVCO GPS/GNSS stations | Geodetic Data Services map from UNAVCO showing the location of GPS/GNSS stations from all available networks (permanent or temporary) within a radius of 20 km from the given location of Myojinsho. Users can customize the data search based on station or network names, location, and time window. Requires Adobe Flash Player. |
DECADE Data | The DECADE portal, still in the developmental stage, serves as an example of the proposed interoperability between The Smithsonian Institution's Global Volcanism Program, the Mapping Gas Emissions (MaGa) Database, and the EarthChem Geochemical Portal. The Deep Earth Carbon Degassing (DECADE) initiative seeks to use new and established technologies to determine accurate global fluxes of volcanic CO2 to the atmosphere, but installing CO2 monitoring networks on 20 of the world's 150 most actively degassing volcanoes. The group uses related laboratory-based studies (direct gas sampling and analysis, melt inclusions) to provide new data for direct degassing of deep earth carbon to the atmosphere. |
Large Eruptions of Myojinsho | Information about large Quaternary eruptions (VEI >= 4) is cataloged in the Large Magnitude Explosive Volcanic Eruptions (LaMEVE) database of the Volcano Global Risk Identification and Analysis Project (VOGRIPA). |
EarthChem | EarthChem develops and maintains databases, software, and services that support the preservation, discovery, access and analysis of geochemical data, and facilitate their integration with the broad array of other available earth science parameters. EarthChem is operated by a joint team of disciplinary scientists, data scientists, data managers and information technology developers who are part of the NSF-funded data facility Integrated Earth Data Applications (IEDA). IEDA is a collaborative effort of EarthChem and the Marine Geoscience Data System (MGDS). |