According to a JMA report, volcanologists conducting a field survey of Asosan's Nakadake Crater on 5 February detected decreased sulfur dioxide emissions and fewer volcanic earthquakes. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 1-5).

Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

Based on analysis of satellite imagery and wind data, the Darwin VAAC reported that on 6 February an ash plume from Barren Island rose to an altitude of 1.5 km (5,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted over 35 km SW. A SIGMET report noted that low-level ash plumes were also observed on 9 February.

Source: Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC)

Based on analyses of satellite imagery and wind data, the Darwin VAAC reported that on 9 February an ash plume from Karangetang rose to an altitude of 4.3 km (14,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted over 80 km W.

Source: Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC)

PVMBG reported that during 3-10 February seismic activity at Kelut was dominated by both shallow and deep volcanic earthquakes; earthquake hypocenters were 3 km below the summit. RSAM values increased on 6 and 9 February. Inflation was detected at one station. Crater lake water temperatures increased since September 2013, particularly during 23 January-9 February. Temperatures decreased slightly on 10 February. Based on increased seismicity, inflation, and higher water temperatures, PVMBG increased the Alert Level to 3 (on a scale of 1-4) on 10 February. Visitors and residents were prohibited from approaching the crater within a 5-km radius.

Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

INETER reported that a gas emission with small amounts of ash rose from San Cristóbal between 0641 and 0850 on 4 February. Although there was no increase noted, the report stated that seismicity decreased to background levels. By the afternoon sulfur dioxide emission values were 2,000-3,000 tonnes per day, the normal levels, and on 7 February they were 1,000 tonnes per day.

Source: Instituto Nicaragüense de Estudios Territoriales (INETER)

AVO reported that elevated surface temperatures in Shishaldin's summit crater were detected in satellite images during 5-6 February. No unusual seismicity was detected by the nearest working station off the flanks of the volcano. A possible ash-poor gas cloud was detected in satellite images beginning at 0645 on 7 February that may have been from a small explosion, too small to be detected by the seismometer but coinciding with a local tiltmeter signal. Satellite image analysis suggested that the short-lived cloud may have risen to an altitude of 7.6 km (25,000 ft) a.s.l. Elevated surface temperatures were not detected after the event, so very little if any hot material was ejected. During 9-11 February elevated surface temperatures were detected in satellite images and a tiltmeter 5.4 km SW of the volcano recorded a small signal. Clear or partly clear web cam images showed no activity. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Advisory.

Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)

On 6 February, IG reported that since 3 February Tungurahua had produced almost constant emissions of gas, steam, and ash that rose 3-4 km above the crater and drifted N, causing ashfall in Ambato (31 km N), Patate (NW), Latacunga, and parts of Quito (130 km N). During 5-6 February ash plumes drifted E and SE and caused ashfall in Pondoa (8 km N), Vazcún (N), Runtún (6 km NNE), and San Antonio, and to a lesser extent in Rio Verde and Rio Negro. Strombolian activity was observed on 6 February.

Cloud cover often prevented visual observations during 7-11 February; explosions continued to be detected, roaring was periodically heard, and sounds resembling rolling blocks were occasionally reported. On 7 February ash fell in Palictahua. The next day a gas-and-ash plume rose 500 m and drifted W and SW. On 9 February an ash plume rose 4 km and drifted NW and NE. Strombolian activity ejected blocks 1 km away. During 10-11 February explosions vibrated structures, and ashfall was reported in Quero (20 km NW), Mocha (25 km WNW), El Manzano (8 km SW), and Choglontus (SW).

Source: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN)

IGP's Observatorio Volcanologico de Arequipa (IGP-OVA) reported that on 1 February at 1559 a gas-and-ash plume from Ubinas rose 0.5-2 km above the crater and drifted E and SE. A photo showed ash from the plume falling onto the flanks. The event was accompanied by increased seismicity for several hours. At 2027 on 7 February a large volcano-tectonic earthquake occurred under the volcano at a depth of 9 km. Bluish gas emissions were sporadic during 8-11 February.

Source: Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP)

JMA reported that during 3-7 February five explosions from Sakurajima's Showa Crater ejected tephra as far as 1,300 m. Incandescence from the crater was detected at night. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 1-5). The Tokyo VAAC reported explosions during 6, 8-9, and 11 February. On 8 February a pilot observed an ash plume drifting at an altitude of 2.1 km (7,000 ft) a.s.l. Ash plumes rose to an altitude of 1.8 km (6,000 ft) a.s.l. on 9 February and 2.1 (7,000 ft) a.s.l. on 11 February.

Sources: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

SVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Chirinkotan was observed in satellite images on 8 February, and steam-and-gas emissions were observed on 9 February. Cloud cover obscured views on other days during 4-10 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow.

Source: Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (SVERT)

SVERT reported that a thermal anomaly over Snow, a volcano of Chirpoi, was detected in satellite images during 6 and 8-9 February. Cloud cover obscured views on other days during 4-10 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow.

Source: Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (SVERT)

Based on observations of satellite images, the Washington VAAC reported that a small ash cloud from Colima drifted slowly E and then SE on 7 February; the slow drift was indicative of a low altitude. Another small puff of gas with low amounts of ash drifted SE.

Source: Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Based on analyses of satellite imagery and wind data, the Darwin VAAC reported that during 5-6 February ash plumes from Dukono rose to an altitude of 2.1 km (7,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 55 km S and SW. During 9-11 February ash plumes rose to altitudes of 2.1-4.3 km (7,000-14,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 40-90 km NW and NE.

Source: Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC)

INGV reported that during 4-5 February activity at Etna's New Southeast Crater (NSEC) was characterized by intermittent ash emissions accompanied by jets of incandescent pyroclastic material, and a constant emission of lava from one or two vents at the E base of the NSEC cone. The lava flows reached the base of the W slope of the Valle del Bove. On 6 February ash emissions ceased and small Strombolian explosions ejected incandescent pyroclastic material 100 m above the crater. On 7 February Strombolian explosions ejected material onto the flanks of the cone, and the next day ash puffs were observed. During 9-11 February activity continued to be characterized by Strombolian activity, periodic ash emissions, and advancing lava flows. At 0707 on 11 February a large quantity of reddish brown ash emitted from an area near the vents formed a very dense hot flow which quickly reached the base of the W wall of the Valle del Bove. Reddish brown ash emissions continued after the event.

Source: Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo (INGV)

KVERT reported that Vulcanian and Strombolian activity at Karymsky continued during 31 January-7 February. Satellite images detected a bright thermal anomaly on 1 February; cloud cover obscured views of the volcano on the other days. Ash plumes drifted 80 km E during 1-2 February. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

During 5-11 February HVO reported that the circulating lava lake occasionally rose and fell in the deep pit within Kīlauea's Halemaʻumaʻu Crater. The plume from the vent continued to deposit variable amounts of ash, spatter, and Pele's hair onto nearby areas. At Puʻu ʻŌʻō Crater, glow emanated from spatter cones on the N and S portions of the crater floor, and a lava pond was active in the NE spatter cone. The 7.8-km-long Kahauale’a 2 lava flow (based on a satellite image from 2 February), fed by the NE spatter cone, was active with scattered break-out flows 4.8 and 6.9 km NE of Puʻu ʻŌʻō that burned the forest.

Source: US Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO)

RVO reported that Rabaul caldera's Tavurvur cone was quiet during 26 January-11 February. A pale gray/brown plume rose 50-100 m above the vent and dispersed on 12 February.

Source: Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC)

KVERT reported that during 31 January-7 February a newer lava dome continued to extrude onto the NW part of Shiveluch's older lava dome. Lava-dome extrusion was accompanied by hot avalanches, incandescence, and fumarolic activity. A thermal anomaly was detected in satellite images during 3-4 February. Based on interpretation of seismic data, a large explosion that started at 1245 on 6 February and ended at 0440 on 7 February generated an ash plume that rose to altitudes of 9-10 km (29,500-32,800) a.s.l. A satellite image acquired at 0705 on 7 February showed a large ash cloud (240 x 180 km) over the Sea of Okhotsk 320 km WNW at an altitude of 4-5 km (13,100-16,400) a.s.l. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

Based on reports from PVMBG, BNPB reported on 8 and 9 February that seismicity at Sinabung continued to be dominated by hybrid earthquakes, indicating pressure below the crater and a growing lava dome. Earthquakes associated with avalanches increased. The 9 February report noted that the number of displaced people reached 32,351 (9,991 families) in 42 evacuation centers. Refugees from 17 villages outside the 5-km radius were allowed to return to their homes, starting with four villages during the first phase.

Source: Badan Nacional Penanggulangan Bencana (BNPB)