Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report

The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is a cooperative project between the Smithsonian's Global Volcanism Program and the US Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Updated by 2300 UTC every Wednesday and averaging 16 reported volcanoes, this is not a comprehensive list of all eruptions this week, but rather a summary of activity that meet criteria discussed in the "Criteria and Disclaimers" section below.

Volcanic activity reported here is preliminary and subject to change. Carefully reviewed, detailed narratives over longer time periods are published as reports of the Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network available through volcano profile pages.

Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for the week of 18 June-24 June 2014
Name	Location	Eruption Start Date	Report Status
Bezymianny	Central Kamchatka (Russia)	2016 Dec 5	New
Kusatsu-Shiranesan	Honshu (Japan)	—	New
Pavlof	Alaska Peninsula, Alaska	—	New
Piton de la Fournaise	Reunion Island (France)	—	New
Sangeang Api	N of Sumbawa Island	—	New
Semisopochnoi	Aleutian Islands (USA)	—	New
Stromboli	Aeolian Islands (Italy)	1934 Feb 2	New
Zhupanovsky	Eastern Kamchatka (Russia)	—	New
Aira	Kyushu (Japan)	2017 Mar 25	Continuing
El Misti	Peru	—	Continuing
Etna	Sicily (Italy)	2022 Nov 27	Continuing
Fuego	South-Central Guatemala	2002 Jan 4	Continuing
Karymsky	Eastern Kamchatka (Russia)	—	Continuing
Kilauea	Hawaiian Islands (USA)	—	Continuing
Pagan	Mariana Islands (USA)	—	Continuing
Poas	Costa Rica	2023 Dec 1	Continuing
Popocatepetl	Mexico	2005 Jan 9	Continuing
Raung	Eastern Java	—	Continuing
Reventador	Ecuador	2008 Jul 27	Continuing
Santa Maria	Southwestern Guatemala	1922 Jun 22	Continuing
Sheveluch	Central Kamchatka (Russia)	1999 Aug 15	Continuing
Shishaldin	Fox Islands (USA)	2023 Jul 12	Continuing
Sinabung	Northwestern Sumatra	—	Continuing
Suwanosejima	Ryukyu Islands (Japan)	2004 Oct 23	Continuing
Tungurahua	Ecuador	—	Continuing
Ubinas	Peru	—	Continuing

All times are local unless otherwise stated.

Bezymianny | 18 June-24 June 2014 | New Activity / Unrest Cite this Report

Bezymianny
Central Kamchatka (Russia)

KVERT reported that Bezymianny’s activity gradually increased during the week; shallow earthquakes were registered. Video data captured moderate gas-and-steam plumes rising from the volcano. Satellite data showed a thermal anomaly over the lava dome on 12, 16, and 18 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

Kusatsu-Shiranesan | 18 June-24 June 2014 | New Activity / Unrest Cite this Report

Kusatsu-Shiranesan
Honshu (Japan)

JMA reported that anomalous temperatures and deformation of Kusatsu-Shirane’s crater, which began earlier in March, continued during 13-20 June. This activity has been focused in the area immediately of N of Mizugama crater. Elevated seismicity was also reported, although tremor was absent. The Alert Level was raised to 2 (on a scale of 1-5).

Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) via the Volcano Research Center

Pavlof | 18 June-24 June 2014 | New Activity / Unrest Cite this Report

Pavlof
Alaska Peninsula, Alaska

AVO reported that seismicity at Pavlof continued steadily with intermittent seismic events during 18-23 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch.

Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)

Piton de la Fournaise | 18 June-24 June 2014 | New Activity / Unrest Cite this Report

Piton de la Fournaise
Reunion Island (France)

OVPDLF reported that an eruption began at Piton de la Fournaise at 0120 on 21 June 2014 following a period of elevated seismicity. This new activity marks the end of more than three years of quiescence.

During 7-20 June volcano-tectonic and rockfall-type earthquakes were recorded, with the largest number occurring on 17 June. The locations of these earthquakes were relatively consistent between 500 and 1,200 m a.s.l. within Dolomieu crater. There were neither significant gas emissions nor indicators of pre-eruptive deformation. On 19 June, a field campaign by the Observatory team confirmed the activity detected by the permanent monitoring network (geodetic, thermal, and gas).

At 0006 on 21 June the seismic crises escalated and continued for 74 minutes. Localized deformation began at 0020 and continued for ~3 hours. Tremor began at 0120 and incandescence was observed by the remote cameras at 0135. The eruption was entirely contained within the Enclos Fouqué area on the ESE side of the central cone. Aerial observations by helicopter revealed an active lava fountain from a fissure that was within view of the Piton Bert webcamera. The fountaining built a spatter rampart and two lava flows extended ~1.5 km from the fissure. One lava flow extended 250 m after passing the Langlois crater (~2 km SE of Dolomieu crater); the second lava flow passed that crater on the E and S edge and extended an additional 500 m.

Public access to the volcano was restricted on 21 June and Alert Level 1 (“probable or imminent eruption”) was announced.

Source: Observatoire Volcanologique du Piton de la Fournaise (OVPF)

Sangeang Api | 18 June-24 June 2014 | New Activity / Unrest Cite this Report

Sangeang Api
N of Sumbawa Island

PVMBG reported seismic and visual monitoring of Sangeang Api during 1-17 June. During clear conditions, incandescence at the summit and white-and-gray plumes (100-1,500 m above the summit) were visible. On 1 June seismicity dramatically decreased, and as of 17 June was still declining. The Alert Level was reduced from 3 to 2 (on a scale of 1-4) on 17 June.

Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

Semisopochnoi | 18 June-24 June 2014 | New Activity / Unrest Cite this Report

Semisopochnoi
Aleutian Islands (USA)

AVO reported that the earthquake swarm that had started at Semisopochnoi on 9 June continued until 23 June. No eruptive activity was indicated. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Advisory.

Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)

Stromboli | 18 June-24 June 2014 | New Activity / Unrest Cite this Report

Stromboli
Aeolian Islands (Italy)

INGV reported two episodes of effusive activity at Stromboli, one on 17 June and another on 22 June. Activity on 17 June occurred in the morning within the central part of the crater terrace (Bocca S2) and included explosive spattering. This activity lasted for a few hours and produced a small lava flow directed toward Pizzo Sopra la Fossa. A sharp increase in Strombolian activity began from all of the craters on 22 June, depositing voluminous material along the Sciara del Fuoco. A lava flow ~200 m long extended from the mouth of N2 (within the N part of the crater terrace). During the evening this flow slowed, and then stalled the following day when Strombolian activity decreased.

Source: Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo (INGV)

Zhupanovsky | 18 June-24 June 2014 | New Activity / Unrest Cite this Report

Zhupanovsky
Eastern Kamchatka (Russia)

KVERT reported that, during 14-19 June, satellite images over Zhupanovsky detected gas-and-steam plumes with discrete ash plumes up to 4.5 km (14,800 ft) a.s.l. drifting up to 70 km SE and NW from the volcano. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on 14-15 and 17-19 June. The Aviation Color Code was raised from Yellow to Orange.

Tokyo VAAC reported ash plumes during 18-20 June drifting NW and later NE. Plume heights were in range of 3,000-8,500 m (9,800-28,000 ft) a.s.l.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT), Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Aira | 18 June-24 June 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Aira
Kyushu (Japan)

JMA reported that during 13-23 June, 4-10 explosions occurred each day from Showa Crater at Aira Caldera’s Sakurajima volcano. Tephra ejected from these events landed as far as 1,800 m away. A significant explosion on 19 June lasted for 17 minutes; the plume rose ~3,000 m above the crater rim and tephra was ejected to a distance of 1,300-1,800 m. Field surveys conducted on 12 June determined an SO₂ flux of 270 tons/day (previous measurement of 2,300 tons/day was measured on 9 May). During this reporting period there was no activity from Minamidake summit crater.

The Tokyo VAAC reported that volcanic ash was visible in satellite images at 0541 on 23 June. The plume reached 1,830 m (6,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE.

Sources: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) via the Volcano Research Center, Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

El Misti | 18 June-24 June 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

El Misti
Peru

Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP) reported that, during the last 12 months, seismicity at El Misti was dominated by volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquakes. Two seismic swarms (more than 100 events per day) occurred during the last three months, on 19 May and 3 June. An increase in tremor was noted in April, although the total duration did not exceed 10 minutes and was generally low-amplitude. Long-period seismicity was not significant. In the last 15 days, seismicity increased slightly and tremor was recorded daily.

Source: Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP)

Etna | 18 June-24 June 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Etna
Sicily (Italy)

INGV reported that weak Strombolian activity at Etna's New Southeast Crater (NSEC) continued through 10 June. Some explosions ejected incandescent pyroclastic material a few tens of meters above the crater rim that occasionally fell onto the outer flanks.

On 14 June a new eruptive episode began within the NSEC, beginning with near-continuous Strombolian explosions and lava fountaining. Fine ash emissions were concurrent with lava that began to overflow the edge of the SE crater, forming a flow that continued downhill on the W wall of Valle del Bove. During the morning of 15 June the overflowing lava followed the fissure that had been formed on 28 November 2013. A spatter cone also formed in the E sector of the cone. During 14-15 June volcanic tremor increased sharply and remained at a medium-high level until 18 June when it returned to normal levels.

INGV noted that this activity was similar to the episode of effusive lava emissions observed during 14-16 and 19-31 December 2013 in terms of duration and intensity.

Source: Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo (INGV)

Fuego | 18 June-24 June 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Fuego
South-Central Guatemala

INSIVUMEH reported that, during 18-24 June, 7-23 explosions occurred per day at Fuego, generating weak-to-moderate ash plumes to 3,900-4,400 m (12,800-14,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifting with prevailing winds. The explosions during 17-18, 22, and 24 June were accompanied by rumbling sounds, some resembling jet engines that persisted for 1-5 minutes. Small avalanches occurred within the crater and local drainages due to explosion shockwaves on 19 June.

Fine ashfall from explosions on 18-19 June was reported in towns within 15 km of the summit, mainly El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Los Yucales (12 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (10 km SW), and Panimaché (I and II, ~8 km SW). Additionally, ashfall was reported in Sangre de Cristo on 18 June. During 20, 22, and 24 June, incandescence from the summit reached 100-150 m above the crater rim and formed weak avalanches in the immediate summit area. Fumarolic activity continued during 18-24 June, generating white plumes rising to less than 4,200 m (13,800 ft) a.s.l.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

Karymsky | 18 June-24 June 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Karymsky
Eastern Kamchatka (Russia)

KVERT reported that Strombolian and weak Vulcanian activity continued at Karymsky during 14-19 June. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on 13 and 16 June; clouds obscured the volcano on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

Kilauea | 18 June-24 June 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Kilauea
Hawaiian Islands (USA)

During 18-23 June HVO reported that the circulating lava lake occasionally rose and fell in the deep pit within Kilauea's Halema‘uma‘u Crater. The lava-lake level dropped several meters on 21 June then returned to an estimated 34-35 m below the floor of Halema‘uma‘u Crater by 22 June. Gas emissions remained elevated. The ambient SO₂ concentrations near the vent varied greatly but remained higher than 10 ppm, and frequently exceeded 50 ppm (upper limit of the detector) during times with moderate trade winds. The plume from the vent continued to deposit variable amounts of ash, spatter, and Pele's hair onto nearby areas; smaller particles may have been dropped several kilometers away.

At Pu‘u ‘O‘o Crater, glow emanated from spatter cones on the N, SE, and S portions of the crater floor, and from a small lava lake in the NE spatter cone. On 17 June geologists mapped five small breakouts as far as 7 km NE from Pu‘u ‘O‘o. The local webcam captured views of the active break-out flows at the N base of Pu‘u ‘O‘o cone as well as distant smoke plumes from the slow-moving lava flow burning vegetation along the NE margin of the Kahauale‘a 2 flow. Overall, however, this slow-moving flow has appeared to be weakening over the past few months.

The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch.

Source: US Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO)

Pagan | 18 June-24 June 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Pagan
Mariana Islands (USA)

Low-level unrest continued at Pagan during the week of 20 June; seismicity remained above background levels. A steam-and-gas plume was visible in web camera and clear satellite images. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Advisory.

Source: Emergency Management Office of the Commonwealth of the Mariana Islands and United States Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program

Poas | 18 June-24 June 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Poas
Costa Rica

OVSICORI-UNA reported that a phreatic eruption from Poás was recorded at 1008 on 20 June. The explosion generated a plume 200 m above the crater lake. The plume was mainly water vapor with entrained lake sediments (which contained sulfur precipitates and altered rocks). Other gases such as SO₂, H₂S, HCL, HF, and others were also included.

This was the second phreatic explosion to occur in June. There was no visual record of that event, but routine inspections by the National Park staff on 2 June determined that during the night, there had been a large explosion evidenced by significant fall deposits around the crater lake shoreline. A solar panel had also been damaged by falling rocks associated with that explosion. Seismicity suggests indicated explosive signatures at 1954 on 1 June.

On 18 June, observatory staff noted that between 1000 and 1343, small phreatic eruptions were occurring within the lake. One of these explosions released a strong sulfur smell and large waves. The water temperature was recorded at 44.6°C with a pH of -0.49.

Source: Observatorio Vulcanologico y Sismologico de Costa Rica-Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA)

Popocatepetl | 18 June-24 June 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Popocatepetl
Mexico

CENAPRED reported that during 18-23 June, seismicity at Popocatépetl indicated continuing emissions of water vapor, gas, and occasional small amounts of ash. Cloud cover sometimes prevented visual observations. Slight nighttime incandescence was observed during 18, 19, 20, and 22 June. Explosions from the summit were detected 5-30 times each day and produced plumes with minor ash content that rose 500 m-2,500 m above the crater and drifted NE and NW. The Alert Level remained at to Yellow, Phase Two.

Source: Centro Nacional de Prevencion de Desastres (CENAPRED)

Raung | 18 June-24 June 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Raung
Eastern Java

PVMBG reported that RSAM values from Raung showed an increase in energy during March-April. Additionally, during March-April, the daily number of volcanic earthquakes was dominated by tremor (with an increase in tremor amplitude); however, since the beginning of May, the number and the amplitude of tremor decreased.

During 1-17 June, when weather permitted, a weak solfatera plume was visible rising up to 100 m above the summit. On 17 June the Alert Level was lowered to 1 (on a scale of 1-4).

Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

Reventador | 18 June-24 June 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Reventador
Ecuador

IG reported that although cloud cover often prevented observations of Reventador, during 18-24 June ash plumes were occasionally observed. At night on 17 June incandescence was observed on the S and E flanks. In the morning of 18 June a diffuse ash plume was visible rising ~600 m above the summit that dispersed to the NW. A total of 30 explosion signatures were recorded by the seismic network, along with long-period (LP) earthquakes and tremor.

Incandescence was observed in the morning of 19 June. The infrared webcamera recorded incandescent material descending onto the NE flank. Residents of San Rafael (8 km ESE) reported roaring sounds from the volcano on 19 and 20 June. The seismic network detected >=18 explosions, >20 LP, and >=7 tremor events per day during 18-24 June.

Source: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN)

Santa Maria | 18 June-24 June 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Santa Maria
Southwestern Guatemala

Eruptions continued at Santa María's Santiaguito lava-dome complex during the week of 18-24 June. Incandescence from the E border of the summit observed early on 18 June was accompanied by minor avalanches from a lava flow. On 18 June INSIVUMEH also reported a hot lahar descending the S-flank Nimá I river drainage, carrying blocks 50-150 cm in diameter as well as tree trunks and branches. The lahar was 30 m wide and 1.5 m deep, and had a strong sulfur odor.

Rumbling sounds and an eruption reported at 0630 on 19 June generated an ash plume up to 3,100 m (10,000 ft) a.s.l. Ashfall dispersed SW and was reported in the mountainous areas of Parcelamiento Monte Claro (S of the summit). The lava flow generated several weak avalanches at the leading edges. Degassing plumes from the dome reached 2,900 m (9,500 ft) a.s.l. A white plume was also noted on 20 June, but cloud cover reduced visibility. At 0552 on 21 June an ash plume rose to 3,000 m (9,800 ft) a.s.l. and dispersed SW. Rumbling sounds and strong fumarolic activity were also noted.

On 22 June, three explosions sent gray plumes up to 3,000 m (9,800 ft) a.s.l. Two of these events were accompanied by incandescence. Constant avalanches from the front of the lava flow that were deposited into the Nimá 1 drainage. Degassing continued, generating plumes ~600 m above the crater rim; the sustained plumes were gray. Columns of gas and steam reached 2,200 m (7,200 ft) a.s.l. on 23 June then drifted SW. One weak explosion occurred at 0615, producing a plume to 3,200 m (10,500 ft) a.s.l. plume that drifted SW. A series of weak avalanches were observed from the front of the active lava flow in the direction of Nimá 1 river.

On 23 and 24 June, INSIVUMEH reported that heavy rainfall generated moderate lahars within the Nimá I and San Isidro (on 23 June) rivers. The Nimá 1 contained a hot lahar similar to that on the 18th. One explosion was recorded at 0611 on 24 June; this event generated a white plume.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

Sheveluch | 18 June-24 June 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Sheveluch
Central Kamchatka (Russia)

KVERT reported that during 14-19 June lava-dome extrusion onto Shiveluch’s SE flank was accompanied by ash explosions, incandescence, hot avalanches, and fumarolic activity. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly and an ash plume drifting 70 km SW during 15-18 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

Shishaldin | 18 June-24 June 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Shishaldin
Fox Islands (USA)

AVO reported that Shishaldin’s low-level eruptive activity continued during 18-23 June and elevated surface temperatures were detected in satellite data (20-23 June). The volcano was frequently obscured by clouds and fog, but minor low-level steam plumes were observed in web camera images. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch.

Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)

Sinabung | 18 June-24 June 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Sinabung
Northwestern Sumatra

PVMBG reported visual monitoring of Sinabung during 1-17 June from the Ndokum Siroga village (~8.5 km of the summit). Dome growth continued and was accompanied by a lava flow that was frequently visibly incandescent. The observatory noted that the lava flow (particularly avalanches from the flow front) presented a threat to areas S and SE within a 5 km radius from the summit. During this reporting period, seismicity was dominated by tremor associated with avalanches, and there was minor deformation. Alert Level 3 was maintained (on a scale of 1-4).

Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

Suwanosejima | 18 June-24 June 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Suwanosejima
Ryukyu Islands (Japan)

During 18-20 June, JMA reported explosions at Suwanosejima. Ash plumes were not visible in satellite images. Explosions occurred at 1346 on 18 June, 0834 on 19 June with a plume drifting E, and at 0033 on 20 June.

Sources: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Tungurahua | 18 June-24 June 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Tungurahua
Ecuador

IG reported poor viewing conditions during 18-23 June, and low levels of seismicity. Heavy rain during the night of 22 June generated small lahars within the Pingullo (NW), Romero Achupashal (NW), and Chontapamba (W) rivers. The lahars mobilized rocks up to 25 cm diameter.

Source: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN)

Ubinas | 18 June-24 June 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Ubinas
Peru

INGEMMET reported intermittent explosions from Ubinas along with continuing daily tremor and long-period earthquales during 18-23 June. Two explosions were noted on 18 June, as were six gas-and-ash emissions that generated diffuse plumes 400-700 m above the summit. Ashfall was reported in Querapi (located 4 km S). On 19 June the seismic network detected two explosions, and gas-and-ash emissions were observed nine times, reaching 300-1,200 m above the crater. Ashfall was reported in the areas of Querapi, Ubinas (6.5 km SSE), Escacha, Tonohaya (7 km SSE), and San Miguel (10 km SE).

No explosions were recorded on 20 June, but seven gas-and-ash emissions were observed (200-500 m above the crater) with the webcamera. On 21 June, six explosions were recorded, with gas-and-ash plumes seen nine times to heights of 500-1,200 m above the crater. Light ashfall was reported in the towns of Ubinas, Lloque, and Yunga. Seismicity on 22 June included one explosion signature. The webcamera captured views of eight gas-and-ash plumes that reached 300-1,000 m above the crater. No explosions were registered on 23 June, although six gas-and-ash plumes were observed with plume heights as high as 1,300 m above the crater.

Sources: Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP), Instituto Geológico Minero y Metalúrgico (INGEMMET)

Weekly Reports Archive

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Criteria & Disclaimers

Criteria

The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report does not necessarily include all volcanic activity that occurred on Earth during the week. More than a dozen volcanoes globally have displayed more-or-less continuous eruptive activity for decades or longer, and such routine activity is typically not reported here. Moreover, Earth's sea-floor volcanism is seldom reported even though in theory it represents the single most prolific source of erupted material. The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report summarizes volcanic activity that meets one or more of the following criteria:

- A volcano observatory raises or lowers the alert level at the volcano.
- A volcanic ash advisory has been released by a volcanic ash advisory center (VAAC) stating that an ash cloud has been produced from the volcano.
- A verifiable news report of new activity or a change in activity at the volcano has been issued.
- Observers have reported a significant change in volcanic activity. Such activity can include, but is not restricted to, pyroclastic flows, lahars, lava flows, dome collapse, or increased unrest.

Volcanoes are included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section of the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report if the activity occurs after at least 3 months of quiescence. Once a volcano is included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section, updates will remain in that section unless the activity continues for more than 1 month without escalating, after which time updates will be listed in the "Continuing Activity" section. Volcanoes are also included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section if the volcano is undergoing a period of relatively high unrest, or increasing unrest. This is commonly equal to Alert Level Orange on a scale of Green, Yellow, Orange, Red, where Red is the highest alert. Or alert level 3 on a scale of 1-4 or 1-5.

It is important to note that volcanic activity meeting one or more of these criteria may occur during the week, but may not be included in the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report because we did not receive a report.

Disclaimers

1. The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is intended to provide timely information about global volcanism on a weekly basis. Consequently, the report is generated rapidly by summarizing volcanic reports from various sources, with little time for fact checking. The accuracy of the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is dependent upon the quality of the volcanic activity reports we receive. Reports published in the Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network are cover longer time periods and are more carefully reviewed, although all of the volcanoes discussed in the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report are not necessarily reported in the Bulletin. Because of our emphasis on rapid reporting on the web we have avoided diacritical marks. Reports are updated on the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report web page as they are received, therefore information may be included regarding events that occurred before the current report period.

2. Rapidly developing events lead to coverage that is often fragmentary. Volcanoes, their eruptions, and their plumes and associated atmospheric effects are complex phenomena that may require months to years of data analysis in order to create a comprehensive summary and interpretation of events.

3. Preliminary accounts sometimes contain exaggerations and "false alarms," and accordingly, this report may include some events ultimately found to be erroneous or misleading.

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Acronyms and Abbreviations

a.s.l. - above sea level

AVO - Alaska Volcano Observatory

AVHRR - Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer

CENAPRED - Centro Nacionale de Prevencion de Desastres (México)

CONRED - Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres

COSPEC - Correlation Spectrometer

CVGHM (formerly VSI) - Center of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation

CVO - Cascades Volcano Observatory (USGS)

GMS - Geostationary Meteorological Satellite

GOES - Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite

GVO - Goma Volcano Observatory

GVP - Global Volcanism Program (Smithsonian Institution)

HVO - Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (USGS)

ICE - Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad (Costa Rica)

IG - Instituto Geofísico (Ecuador)

IGNS - Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences (New Zealand) - now GNS Science

INETER - Instituto Nicaragüense de Estudios Territoriales (Nicaragua)

INGEMMET - Instituto Geológical Minero y Metalúrgico (Peru)

INGEOMINAS - Instituto Colombiano de Geología y Minería (Colombia)

INGV-CT - Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Catania (Italy)

INSIVUMEH - Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia e Hidrologia (Guatemala)

IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (France)

JMA - Japanese Meteorological Agency

KEMSD - Kamchatkan Experimental and Methodical Seismilogical Department

KVERT - Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team

M - magnitude

METEOSAT - Meteorological Satellite

MEVO - Mount Erebus Volcano Observatory

MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer

MVO - Montserrat Volcano Observatory

MWO - Meteorological Watch Office

NEIC - National Earthquake Information Center

NIED - National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (Japan)

NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NOTAM - Notice to Airmen

OVDAS - Observatorio Volcanologico de los Andes del Sur (Chile)

OFDA - Office of US Foreign Disaster Assistance

ONEMI - Oficina Nacional de Emergencia - Ministerio del Interior (Chile)

OVPDLF - Observatoire Volcanologique du Piton de la Fournaise (France)

OVSICORI-UNA - Observatorio Vulcanologico y Sismologico de Costa Rica, Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)

PHIVOLCS - Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (Philippines)

RSAM - Real-time Seismic Amplitude Measurement

RVO - Rabaul Volcano Observatory

SERNAGEOMIN - Servicio Nacional de Geologia y Mineria (Chile)

SIGMET - Significant Meteorological Information

SNET - Servicio Nacional de Estudios Territoriales (El Salvador)

SVERT - Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (Russia)

USAID - US Agency for International Development

USGS - United States Geological Survey

UTC - Coordinated Universal Time

VAAC - Volcanic Ash Advisory Center

VAFTAD - Volcanic Ash Forecast Transport And Dispersion

VDAP - Volcano Disaster Assistance Program (USGS)

VHP - Volcano Hazards Program (USGS)

VRC - Volcano Research Center (Japan)

Report for Bezymianny
KVERT reported that Bezymianny’s activity gradually increased during the week; shallow earthquakes were registered. Video data captured moderate gas-and-steam plumes rising from the volcano. Satellite data showed a thermal anomaly over the lava dome on 12, 16, and 18 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

Report for Kusatsu-Shiranesan
JMA reported that anomalous temperatures and deformation of Kusatsu-Shirane’s crater, which began earlier in March, continued during 13-20 June. This activity has been focused in the area immediately of N of Mizugama crater. Elevated seismicity was also reported, although tremor was absent. The Alert Level was raised to 2 (on a scale of 1-5).
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) via the Volcano Research Center

Report for Pavlof
AVO reported that seismicity at Pavlof continued steadily with intermittent seismic events during 18-23 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch.
Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)

Report for Piton de la Fournaise
OVPDLF reported that an eruption began at Piton de la Fournaise at 0120 on 21 June 2014 following a period of elevated seismicity. This new activity marks the end of more than three years of quiescence.

During 7-20 June volcano-tectonic and rockfall-type earthquakes were recorded, with the largest number occurring on 17 June. The locations of these earthquakes were relatively consistent between 500 and 1,200 m a.s.l. within Dolomieu crater. There were neither significant gas emissions nor indicators of pre-eruptive deformation. On 19 June, a field campaign by the Observatory team confirmed the activity detected by the permanent monitoring network (geodetic, thermal, and gas).

At 0006 on 21 June the seismic crises escalated and continued for 74 minutes. Localized deformation began at 0020 and continued for ~3 hours. Tremor began at 0120 and incandescence was observed by the remote cameras at 0135. The eruption was entirely contained within the Enclos Fouqué area on the ESE side of the central cone. Aerial observations by helicopter revealed an active lava fountain from a fissure that was within view of the Piton Bert webcamera. The fountaining built a spatter rampart and two lava flows extended ~1.5 km from the fissure. One lava flow extended 250 m after passing the Langlois crater (~2 km SE of Dolomieu crater); the second lava flow passed that crater on the E and S edge and extended an additional 500 m.

Public access to the volcano was restricted on 21 June and Alert Level 1 (“probable or imminent eruption”) was announced.
Source: Observatoire Volcanologique du Piton de la Fournaise (OVPF)

Report for Sangeang Api
PVMBG reported seismic and visual monitoring of Sangeang Api during 1-17 June. During clear conditions, incandescence at the summit and white-and-gray plumes (100-1,500 m above the summit) were visible. On 1 June seismicity dramatically decreased, and as of 17 June was still declining. The Alert Level was reduced from 3 to 2 (on a scale of 1-4) on 17 June.
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

Report for Semisopochnoi
AVO reported that the earthquake swarm that had started at Semisopochnoi on 9 June continued until 23 June. No eruptive activity was indicated. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Advisory.
Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)

Report for Stromboli
INGV reported two episodes of effusive activity at Stromboli, one on 17 June and another on 22 June. Activity on 17 June occurred in the morning within the central part of the crater terrace (Bocca S2) and included explosive spattering. This activity lasted for a few hours and produced a small lava flow directed toward Pizzo Sopra la Fossa. A sharp increase in Strombolian activity began from all of the craters on 22 June, depositing voluminous material along the Sciara del Fuoco. A lava flow ~200 m long extended from the mouth of N2 (within the N part of the crater terrace). During the evening this flow slowed, and then stalled the following day when Strombolian activity decreased.
Source: Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo (INGV)

Report for Zhupanovsky
KVERT reported that, during 14-19 June, satellite images over Zhupanovsky detected gas-and-steam plumes with discrete ash plumes up to 4.5 km (14,800 ft) a.s.l. drifting up to 70 km SE and NW from the volcano. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on 14-15 and 17-19 June. The Aviation Color Code was raised from Yellow to Orange.

Tokyo VAAC reported ash plumes during 18-20 June drifting NW and later NE. Plume heights were in range of 3,000-8,500 m (9,800-28,000 ft) a.s.l.
Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT), Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Report for Aira
JMA reported that during 13-23 June, 4-10 explosions occurred each day from Showa Crater at Aira Caldera’s Sakurajima volcano. Tephra ejected from these events landed as far as 1,800 m away. A significant explosion on 19 June lasted for 17 minutes; the plume rose ~3,000 m above the crater rim and tephra was ejected to a distance of 1,300-1,800 m. Field surveys conducted on 12 June determined an SO₂ flux of 270 tons/day (previous measurement of 2,300 tons/day was measured on 9 May). During this reporting period there was no activity from Minamidake summit crater.

The Tokyo VAAC reported that volcanic ash was visible in satellite images at 0541 on 23 June. The plume reached 1,830 m (6,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SE.
Sources: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) via the Volcano Research Center, Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Report for El Misti
Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP) reported that, during the last 12 months, seismicity at El Misti was dominated by volcano-tectonic (VT) earthquakes. Two seismic swarms (more than 100 events per day) occurred during the last three months, on 19 May and 3 June. An increase in tremor was noted in April, although the total duration did not exceed 10 minutes and was generally low-amplitude. Long-period seismicity was not significant. In the last 15 days, seismicity increased slightly and tremor was recorded daily.
Source: Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP)

Report for Etna
INGV reported that weak Strombolian activity at Etna's New Southeast Crater (NSEC) continued through 10 June. Some explosions ejected incandescent pyroclastic material a few tens of meters above the crater rim that occasionally fell onto the outer flanks.

On 14 June a new eruptive episode began within the NSEC, beginning with near-continuous Strombolian explosions and lava fountaining. Fine ash emissions were concurrent with lava that began to overflow the edge of the SE crater, forming a flow that continued downhill on the W wall of Valle del Bove. During the morning of 15 June the overflowing lava followed the fissure that had been formed on 28 November 2013. A spatter cone also formed in the E sector of the cone. During 14-15 June volcanic tremor increased sharply and remained at a medium-high level until 18 June when it returned to normal levels.

INGV noted that this activity was similar to the episode of effusive lava emissions observed during 14-16 and 19-31 December 2013 in terms of duration and intensity.
Source: Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo (INGV)

Report for Fuego
INSIVUMEH reported that, during 18-24 June, 7-23 explosions occurred per day at Fuego, generating weak-to-moderate ash plumes to 3,900-4,400 m (12,800-14,400 ft) a.s.l. and drifting with prevailing winds. The explosions during 17-18, 22, and 24 June were accompanied by rumbling sounds, some resembling jet engines that persisted for 1-5 minutes. Small avalanches occurred within the crater and local drainages due to explosion shockwaves on 19 June.

Fine ashfall from explosions on 18-19 June was reported in towns within 15 km of the summit, mainly El Porvenir (8 km ENE), Los Yucales (12 km SW), Santa Sofía (12 km SW), Morelia (10 km SW), and Panimaché (I and II, ~8 km SW). Additionally, ashfall was reported in Sangre de Cristo on 18 June. During 20, 22, and 24 June, incandescence from the summit reached 100-150 m above the crater rim and formed weak avalanches in the immediate summit area. Fumarolic activity continued during 18-24 June, generating white plumes rising to less than 4,200 m (13,800 ft) a.s.l.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

Report for Karymsky
KVERT reported that Strombolian and weak Vulcanian activity continued at Karymsky during 14-19 June. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly on 13 and 16 June; clouds obscured the volcano on the other days. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

Report for Kilauea
During 18-23 June HVO reported that the circulating lava lake occasionally rose and fell in the deep pit within Kilauea's Halema‘uma‘u Crater. The lava-lake level dropped several meters on 21 June then returned to an estimated 34-35 m below the floor of Halema‘uma‘u Crater by 22 June. Gas emissions remained elevated. The ambient SO₂ concentrations near the vent varied greatly but remained higher than 10 ppm, and frequently exceeded 50 ppm (upper limit of the detector) during times with moderate trade winds. The plume from the vent continued to deposit variable amounts of ash, spatter, and Pele's hair onto nearby areas; smaller particles may have been dropped several kilometers away.

At Pu‘u ‘O‘o Crater, glow emanated from spatter cones on the N, SE, and S portions of the crater floor, and from a small lava lake in the NE spatter cone. On 17 June geologists mapped five small breakouts as far as 7 km NE from Pu‘u ‘O‘o. The local webcam captured views of the active break-out flows at the N base of Pu‘u ‘O‘o cone as well as distant smoke plumes from the slow-moving lava flow burning vegetation along the NE margin of the Kahauale‘a 2 flow. Overall, however, this slow-moving flow has appeared to be weakening over the past few months.

The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch.
Source: US Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO)

Report for Pagan
Low-level unrest continued at Pagan during the week of 20 June; seismicity remained above background levels. A steam-and-gas plume was visible in web camera and clear satellite images. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Advisory.
Source: Emergency Management Office of the Commonwealth of the Mariana Islands and United States Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program

Report for Poas
OVSICORI-UNA reported that a phreatic eruption from Poás was recorded at 1008 on 20 June. The explosion generated a plume 200 m above the crater lake. The plume was mainly water vapor with entrained lake sediments (which contained sulfur precipitates and altered rocks). Other gases such as SO₂, H₂S, HCL, HF, and others were also included.

This was the second phreatic explosion to occur in June. There was no visual record of that event, but routine inspections by the National Park staff on 2 June determined that during the night, there had been a large explosion evidenced by significant fall deposits around the crater lake shoreline. A solar panel had also been damaged by falling rocks associated with that explosion. Seismicity suggests indicated explosive signatures at 1954 on 1 June.

On 18 June, observatory staff noted that between 1000 and 1343, small phreatic eruptions were occurring within the lake. One of these explosions released a strong sulfur smell and large waves. The water temperature was recorded at 44.6°C with a pH of -0.49.
Source: Observatorio Vulcanologico y Sismologico de Costa Rica-Universidad Nacional (OVSICORI-UNA)

Report for Popocatepetl
CENAPRED reported that during 18-23 June, seismicity at Popocatépetl indicated continuing emissions of water vapor, gas, and occasional small amounts of ash. Cloud cover sometimes prevented visual observations. Slight nighttime incandescence was observed during 18, 19, 20, and 22 June. Explosions from the summit were detected 5-30 times each day and produced plumes with minor ash content that rose 500 m-2,500 m above the crater and drifted NE and NW. The Alert Level remained at to Yellow, Phase Two.
Source: Centro Nacional de Prevencion de Desastres (CENAPRED)

Report for Raung
PVMBG reported that RSAM values from Raung showed an increase in energy during March-April. Additionally, during March-April, the daily number of volcanic earthquakes was dominated by tremor (with an increase in tremor amplitude); however, since the beginning of May, the number and the amplitude of tremor decreased.

During 1-17 June, when weather permitted, a weak solfatera plume was visible rising up to 100 m above the summit. On 17 June the Alert Level was lowered to 1 (on a scale of 1-4).
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

Report for Reventador
IG reported that although cloud cover often prevented observations of Reventador, during 18-24 June ash plumes were occasionally observed. At night on 17 June incandescence was observed on the S and E flanks. In the morning of 18 June a diffuse ash plume was visible rising ~600 m above the summit that dispersed to the NW. A total of 30 explosion signatures were recorded by the seismic network, along with long-period (LP) earthquakes and tremor.

Incandescence was observed in the morning of 19 June. The infrared webcamera recorded incandescent material descending onto the NE flank. Residents of San Rafael (8 km ESE) reported roaring sounds from the volcano on 19 and 20 June. The seismic network detected >=18 explosions, >20 LP, and >=7 tremor events per day during 18-24 June.
Source: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN)

Report for Santa Maria
Eruptions continued at Santa María's Santiaguito lava-dome complex during the week of 18-24 June. Incandescence from the E border of the summit observed early on 18 June was accompanied by minor avalanches from a lava flow. On 18 June INSIVUMEH also reported a hot lahar descending the S-flank Nimá I river drainage, carrying blocks 50-150 cm in diameter as well as tree trunks and branches. The lahar was 30 m wide and 1.5 m deep, and had a strong sulfur odor.

Rumbling sounds and an eruption reported at 0630 on 19 June generated an ash plume up to 3,100 m (10,000 ft) a.s.l. Ashfall dispersed SW and was reported in the mountainous areas of Parcelamiento Monte Claro (S of the summit). The lava flow generated several weak avalanches at the leading edges. Degassing plumes from the dome reached 2,900 m (9,500 ft) a.s.l. A white plume was also noted on 20 June, but cloud cover reduced visibility. At 0552 on 21 June an ash plume rose to 3,000 m (9,800 ft) a.s.l. and dispersed SW. Rumbling sounds and strong fumarolic activity were also noted.

On 22 June, three explosions sent gray plumes up to 3,000 m (9,800 ft) a.s.l. Two of these events were accompanied by incandescence. Constant avalanches from the front of the lava flow that were deposited into the Nimá 1 drainage. Degassing continued, generating plumes ~600 m above the crater rim; the sustained plumes were gray. Columns of gas and steam reached 2,200 m (7,200 ft) a.s.l. on 23 June then drifted SW. One weak explosion occurred at 0615, producing a plume to 3,200 m (10,500 ft) a.s.l. plume that drifted SW. A series of weak avalanches were observed from the front of the active lava flow in the direction of Nimá 1 river.

On 23 and 24 June, INSIVUMEH reported that heavy rainfall generated moderate lahars within the Nimá I and San Isidro (on 23 June) rivers. The Nimá 1 contained a hot lahar similar to that on the 18th. One explosion was recorded at 0611 on 24 June; this event generated a white plume.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

Report for Sheveluch
KVERT reported that during 14-19 June lava-dome extrusion onto Shiveluch’s SE flank was accompanied by ash explosions, incandescence, hot avalanches, and fumarolic activity. Satellite images detected a thermal anomaly and an ash plume drifting 70 km SW during 15-18 June. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

Report for Shishaldin
AVO reported that Shishaldin’s low-level eruptive activity continued during 18-23 June and elevated surface temperatures were detected in satellite data (20-23 June). The volcano was frequently obscured by clouds and fog, but minor low-level steam plumes were observed in web camera images. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch.
Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)

Report for Sinabung
PVMBG reported visual monitoring of Sinabung during 1-17 June from the Ndokum Siroga village (~8.5 km of the summit). Dome growth continued and was accompanied by a lava flow that was frequently visibly incandescent. The observatory noted that the lava flow (particularly avalanches from the flow front) presented a threat to areas S and SE within a 5 km radius from the summit. During this reporting period, seismicity was dominated by tremor associated with avalanches, and there was minor deformation. Alert Level 3 was maintained (on a scale of 1-4).
Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

Report for Suwanosejima
During 18-20 June, JMA reported explosions at Suwanosejima. Ash plumes were not visible in satellite images. Explosions occurred at 1346 on 18 June, 0834 on 19 June with a plume drifting E, and at 0033 on 20 June.
Sources: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Report for Tungurahua
IG reported poor viewing conditions during 18-23 June, and low levels of seismicity. Heavy rain during the night of 22 June generated small lahars within the Pingullo (NW), Romero Achupashal (NW), and Chontapamba (W) rivers. The lahars mobilized rocks up to 25 cm diameter.
Source: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN)

Report for Ubinas
INGEMMET reported intermittent explosions from Ubinas along with continuing daily tremor and long-period earthquales during 18-23 June. Two explosions were noted on 18 June, as were six gas-and-ash emissions that generated diffuse plumes 400-700 m above the summit. Ashfall was reported in Querapi (located 4 km S). On 19 June the seismic network detected two explosions, and gas-and-ash emissions were observed nine times, reaching 300-1,200 m above the crater. Ashfall was reported in the areas of Querapi, Ubinas (6.5 km SSE), Escacha, Tonohaya (7 km SSE), and San Miguel (10 km SE).

No explosions were recorded on 20 June, but seven gas-and-ash emissions were observed (200-500 m above the crater) with the webcamera. On 21 June, six explosions were recorded, with gas-and-ash plumes seen nine times to heights of 500-1,200 m above the crater. Light ashfall was reported in the towns of Ubinas, Lloque, and Yunga. Seismicity on 22 June included one explosion signature. The webcamera captured views of eight gas-and-ash plumes that reached 300-1,000 m above the crater. No explosions were registered on 23 June, although six gas-and-ash plumes were observed with plume heights as high as 1,300 m above the crater.
Sources: Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP), Instituto Geológico Minero y Metalúrgico (INGEMMET)