Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report

The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is a cooperative project between the Smithsonian's Global Volcanism Program and the US Geological Survey's Volcano Hazards Program. Updated by 2300 UTC every Wednesday and averaging 16 reported volcanoes, this is not a comprehensive list of all eruptions this week, but rather a summary of activity that meet criteria discussed in the "Criteria and Disclaimers" section below.

Volcanic activity reported here is preliminary and subject to change. Carefully reviewed, detailed narratives over longer time periods are published as reports of the Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network available through volcano profile pages.

Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report for the week of 27 August-2 September 2014
Name	Location	Eruption Start Date	Report Status
Asosan	Kyushu (Japan)	—	New
Bardarbunga	Iceland	—	New
Rabaul	New Britain (Papua New Guinea)	—	New
Suwanosejima	Ryukyu Islands (Japan)	2004 Oct 23	New
Aira	Kyushu (Japan)	2017 Mar 25	Continuing
Bagana	Bougainville (Papua New Guinea)	2000 Feb 28 (in or before)	Continuing
Dukono	Halmahera	1933 Aug 13	Continuing
Fuego	South-Central Guatemala	2002 Jan 4	Continuing
Kilauea	Hawaiian Islands (USA)	—	Continuing
Kuchinoerabujima	Ryukyu Islands (Japan)	—	Continuing
Kusatsu-Shiranesan	Honshu (Japan)	—	Continuing
Mayon	Luzon (Philippines)	2023 Apr 27 ± 2 days	Continuing
Pacaya	South-Central Guatemala	—	Continuing
Popocatepetl	Mexico	2005 Jan 9	Continuing
Reventador	Ecuador	2008 Jul 27	Continuing
Sabancaya	Peru	2016 Nov 6	Continuing
San Miguel	Eastern El Salvador	—	Continuing
Santa Maria	Southwestern Guatemala	1922 Jun 22	Continuing
Sheveluch	Central Kamchatka (Russia)	1999 Aug 15	Continuing
Shishaldin	Fox Islands (USA)	2023 Jul 12	Continuing
Tungurahua	Ecuador	—	Continuing
Ubinas	Peru	—	Continuing
Zhupanovsky	Eastern Kamchatka (Russia)	—	Continuing

All times are local unless otherwise stated.

Asosan | 27 August-2 September 2014 | New Activity / Unrest Cite this Report

Asosan
Kyushu (Japan)

On 27-29 August JMA reported volcanic earthquakes and elevated lake temperatures at Asosan's Nakadake Crater. On 30 August an eruption occurred with a gray-white plume of indeterminate height due to clouds prompted raising the Alert level to 2. On 31 August- 2 September was a small eruption and a gray white plume rose 800-1200 m above the crater rim. During 30 August-1 September the Tokyo VAAC reported ash plumes that rose 1.5-2.1 km (5,000-7,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted N and NE. The Alert Level was raised to 2 (on a scale of 1-5).

Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

Bardarbunga | 27 August-2 September 2014 | New Activity / Unrest Cite this Report

Bardarbunga
Iceland

During 27 August-2 September the Icelandic Met Office reported ongoing seismic activity at Bárdarbunga volcano. On 27 August an overflight showed a 4-6-km-long row of cauldrons 10-15 m in diameter S of Bárdarbunga. On 29 August a small fissure eruption started in Holuhraun along an old fissure about 600 m in length north of Dyngjujökull. Lava again erupted starting on 31 August along a 1.5 km long fissure. The Aviation Color Code was raised to Red and lowered to Orange later in the day. On 1-2 September a white steam and gas plume rose 4.5 km (15,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 60 km to NNE and ENE. Lava flowed N and lava plumes rose tens of meters. There was a noticeable decrease in seismicity from 500 earthquakes on 1 September to 300 earthquakes on 2 September. Earthquakes up to magnitude 4-5.4 have been detected at or near the volcano. On 2 September the lava had covered 4.2 square kilometers and was 4.5 km from the glaciers edge. The London VAAC reported no ash plumes associated with the fissure eruptions. The Aviation Color Code remains at Orange.

Sources: Icelandic Meteorological Office (IMO), London Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC)

Rabaul | 27 August-2 September 2014 | New Activity / Unrest Cite this Report

Rabaul
New Britain (Papua New Guinea)

On 29 August the Darwin VAAC changed the Aviation Color Code to Red after ash plumes from Rabaul caldera's Tavurvur cone rose to 18.3 km (60,000 ft) a.s.l. On 30 August the ash plume rose to 2.1 km (7,000 ft) a.s.l., and the Aviation Color Code was lowered to Orange. On 29 August ABC News reported evacuations of communities near the volcano.

Sources: Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC), ABC News - American Broadcasting Corporation

Suwanosejima | 27 August-2 September 2014 | New Activity / Unrest Cite this Report

Suwanosejima
Ryukyu Islands (Japan)

During 28 August-1 September, the Tokyo VAAC reported eruptions at Suwanosejima. Ash plumes rose 1.8-2.7 km (6,000-9,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E, SE, S, and NE.

Source: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Aira | 27 August-2 September 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Aira
Kyushu (Japan)

During 27 August-2 September JMA reported 42 explosions from Showa Crater at Aira Caldera’s Sakurajima volcano that ejected ballistics 800-1300 m from the crater. The explosions were accompanied by volcanic earthquakes and volcanic tremor. On 30-31 August clear incandescence was visible by high-sensitivity camera at night, with a “smoke” plume rising 3 km above the crater on the 31st. The Tokyo VAAC reported explosions during 13-17 August with plumes that rose to an altitude of 1.2-4 km (4,000-13,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E, NE, N, and SE. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 1-5).

Sources: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Bagana | 27 August-2 September 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Bagana
Bougainville (Papua New Guinea)

During 25-28 August the Darwin VAAC reported ash plumes at Bagana that rose 2.1-2.4 km (7,000-8,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 35-65 km W, SW and WNW. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC)

Dukono | 27 August-2 September 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Dukono
Halmahera

Based on analyses of satellite imagery and wind data, the Darwin VAAC reported that on 28-29 August a low level plume from Dukono rose to an altitude of 2.1 km (7,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 40 km NE and N.

Source: Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC)

Fuego | 27 August-2 September 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Fuego
South-Central Guatemala

During 27 August-2 September, INSIVUMEH reported that weak to moderate explosions at Fuego expelled blocks up to 800 m above the rim. On most days white plumes rose 200-600 m above the crater; on 28 August it rose to 4.3 km (14,100 ft) above the crater. Ash plumes rose 4.1-4.6 km (13,500-15,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 10-15 km NE, E, SE, W, S, and SW. Ashfall was reported in the villages of Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché (8 km SW), Panimaché II, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Hagia Sophia, Santa Sofia, Yepocapa, Alotenango, Antigua, and San Miguel Dueñas. On most days rumbling was heard that rattled structures near the volcano. On 30-31 August lava flowed towards Ceniza Canyon. Weak to moderate avalanches of blocks were channeled into the canyons Las Lajas (SE), Ceniza (SSW), Taniluyá (SW), Santa Teresa, and Honda.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

Kilauea | 27 August-2 September 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Kilauea
Hawaiian Islands (USA)

During 27 August-2 September HVO reported that the circulating lava lake occasionally rose and fell in the deep pit within Kilauea's Halema'uma'u Crater. Gas emissions remained elevated. The plume from the vent continued to deposit variable amounts of ash, spatter, and Pele's hair onto nearby areas; smaller particles may have been dropped several kilometers away.

During 27 August-2 September glow was visible overnight above several outgassing openings in Pu`u `O`o's crater floor. On 28 August there was a brief reduction in surface activity. On 1 September aerial views showed small lava ponds within the NE, SE, and N pits within the crater, and a crusted pond surface in the SE pit. The June 27th lava flow remained active. On 1 September active lava was 12.6 km from the vent, and about 1.9 km from the eastern boundary of the Wao Kele o Puna Forest Reserve. Lava a few hundred meters behind the front had flowed into a large ground crack and disappeared from view; a line of steam from the crack extended E. The most distant steaming along the crack was 12.8 km from the vent and 1.7 km from the Forest Reserve boundary. Small breakouts were active closer to Pu`u `O`o, about midway along the length of the June 27th flow.

Source: US Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO)

Kuchinoerabujima | 27 August-2 September 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Kuchinoerabujima
Ryukyu Islands (Japan)

JMA reported that during 27 August-2 September few volcanic earthquakes were accompanied by no explosion at Kuchinoerabujima. On most days a white plume rose 50-300m above the crater rim . The Alert Level for Kuchinoerabujima remained at 3 (on a scale of 1-5).

Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

Kusatsu-Shiranesan | 27 August-2 September 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Kusatsu-Shiranesan
Honshu (Japan)

On 27-29 August, JMA reported continuing volcanic earthquakes at Kusatsu-Shiranesan’s crater, although they had decreased from early August and tremor was absent. The Alert Level remains at 2 (on a scale of 1-5).

Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

Mayon | 27 August-2 September 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Mayon
Luzon (Philippines)

During 27 August-2 September PHIVOLCS reported no incandescence from Mayon, despite the emergence of a summit dome, slight ground deformation, and increased volcanic gas emission. Precise leveling surveys measured the third week of August showed inflationary changes in the edifice since a survey in February 2014. On most days seismic instruments recorded several rock falls and a few earthquakes. Observers noted moderate emission of white steam plumes that drifted SW, WSW, NE, SSW, NNW, WNW, and NW. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 0-5).

Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)

Pacaya | 27 August-2 September 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Pacaya
South-Central Guatemala

INSIVUMEH reported that during 27 August-2 September white and blueish white fumarolic plumes rose 50-75 m above Mackenney Crater at Pacaya and drifted 400-500 m E, S, W and SW. On 28 August small plumes of gray ash rose 200-600 m above the crater and drifted S and SW.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

Popocatepetl | 27 August-2 September 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Popocatepetl
Mexico

CENAPRED reported that during 27 August-2 September explosions were accompanied by steam-and-gas emissions with minor ash and ash plumes that rose 800-3,000 m above Popocatépetl’s crater and drifted W, SW, and WSW. On most nights incandescence was observed, increasing during times with larger emissions. On 1 September partial visibility due to cloud cover was reported. On 29 and 31 August the Washington VAAC reported discrete ash emissions. The Alert Level remained at to Yellow, Phase Two.

Sources: Centro Nacional de Prevencion de Desastres (CENAPRED), Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Reventador | 27 August-2 September 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Reventador
Ecuador

During 27 August-2 September IG reported moderate activity including explosions, long-period earthquakes, harmonic tremor, and tremor at Reventador. On 27 August steam emissions were observed. On most days the volcano was obscured by clouds. On 2 September instruments recorded tremor-related emissions and satellite views showed an ash plume that rose 6 km (19,700 ft) height and drifted W. On 2 September the Washington VAAC reported volcanic ash emissions.

Sources: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN), Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Sabancaya | 27 August-2 September 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Sabancaya
Peru

IGP reported that on 27 August INGEMMET reported long-period, volcano-tectonic, and hybrid earthquakes at Sabancaya. White to light gray plumes rose 100-300 m above the summit and drifted SE. On 28-29 August the Buenos Aires VAAC reported volcanic ash.

Sources: Instituto Geológico Minero y Metalúrgico (INGEMMET), Buenos Aires Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

San Miguel | 27 August-2 September 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

San Miguel
Eastern El Salvador

On 27 August -2 September SNET reported that seismic activity at San Miguel had decreased significantly from the previous month. Small steam-and-gas plumes did not exceed 200 m above the summit. Views on 29 August were obscured by clouds. On 1 September there was a slight increase in seismicity and gas pulses rose 400 m above the summit.

Source: Servicio Nacional de Estudios Territoriales (SNET)

Santa Maria | 27 August-2 September 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Santa Maria
Southwestern Guatemala

On 27 August-2 September, INSIVUMEH reported lava flowing towards Upper Nima Canyon I at Santiaguito. On most days collapses of the lava flow generated fine ash that rose 300-2800 m above the crater and drifted SW, S, and W;ash was reported at Finca San José on 28 August. Fumarolic degassing plumes rose 150 -3,000 m above the crater and drifted SW, S, and E. On 30 August lahars left deposits about 1 m thick and 30 m wide, and on 1 September were reported to occasionally overflow in some parts of the Nima 1 river.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

Sheveluch | 27 August-2 September 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Sheveluch
Central Kamchatka (Russia)

KVERT reported that during 22-28 August lava-dome extrusion onto Shiveluch’s SE flank was accompanied by moderate ash explosions, incandescence of the dome summit, hot avalanches, and fumarolic activity. Satellite data showed a thermal anomaly over the lava dome on 24-28 August. The volcano was obscured by clouds the other days of week. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

Shishaldin | 27 August-2 September 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Shishaldin
Fox Islands (USA)

AVO reported that during 27 August-2 September low-level eruptive activity continued at Shishaldin volcano. On 28 August a thermal feature was observed and on 31 August a small steam plume was seen in satellite images. During clear weather on 1 September no activity was observed. On 2 September elevated surface temperatures at the summit crater were noted from satellite data. Clouds prevented observations the other days of the week. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch.

Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)

Tungurahua | 27 August-2 September 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Tungurahua
Ecuador

During 27 August-2 September IG reported that moderate to high eruptive activity continued at Tungurahua including volcanic tremor, explosions, and long-period earthquakes. On most days explosions described as roars and “gunfire” were heard that rattled structures at the observatory and around the volcano. On most days ash plumes rose 1.5-2.5 km (4,900-8,200 ft) a.s.l. above the crater rim and drifted N, W, and NW. On 27-28 August explosions expelled blocks on the W and NW flank that descended 800-1000 m below the crater rim. On 30 August pyroclastic flows decended 1500 m down the NW flank. IG reported nearly constant explosions and pyroclastic flows on 31 August that traversed down the ravines of La Hacienda, Achupashal, and Mandur.

On 1 September the explosions continued but were much smaller. Long-period earthquakes increased on 2 September, but explosions decreased with steam plumes containing little ash. On most days the Washington VAAC reported ongoing and continuous emissions, and ashfall was reported in several areas including Motilones, Chontapamba Pillate, Manzano, Chonglontus, Puela, Penipe, Quero, Cevallos Chontapamba, Bilbao, Cusúa, Pillate, La Calera, El Santuario, and El Rosario. . On 27 August the Washington VAAC reported that emissions rose to 6 km (22,000 ft) a.s.l. and on 30 August they rose to 6.7 km (20,000 ft) a.s.l.

Sources: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN), Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Ubinas | 27 August-2 September 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Ubinas
Peru

During 27 August-2 September INGEMMET reported that the eruption of Ubinas was continuing. During 27-31 August gas and ash plumes rose 200-1100 m above the crater and drifted E, NE, SE, and S. On 27 August INGEMMET reported increased volcanic tremor which continued until 30 August when the volcanic tremor decreased. On 28 August the Buenos Aires VAAC listed the Aviation Color Code at Red, noting intermittent light ash and possible ongoing emissions.

Sources: Instituto Geológico Minero y Metalúrgico (INGEMMET), Buenos Aires Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Zhupanovsky | 27 August-2 September 2014 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

Zhupanovsky
Eastern Kamchatka (Russia)

KVERT reported that during 22-28 August the moderate explosive eruption continued at Zhupanovsky. On 28 August ash plumes rose to 3.5-4 km (11,500-13,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 80 km SW. During 25-27 August satellite data showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano, but clouds prevented observations the other days of the week. The Tokyo VAAC reported that ash plumes rose to 4.3 km (14,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SW.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT), Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Weekly Reports Archive

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Criteria & Disclaimers

Criteria

The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report does not necessarily include all volcanic activity that occurred on Earth during the week. More than a dozen volcanoes globally have displayed more-or-less continuous eruptive activity for decades or longer, and such routine activity is typically not reported here. Moreover, Earth's sea-floor volcanism is seldom reported even though in theory it represents the single most prolific source of erupted material. The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report summarizes volcanic activity that meets one or more of the following criteria:

- A volcano observatory raises or lowers the alert level at the volcano.
- A volcanic ash advisory has been released by a volcanic ash advisory center (VAAC) stating that an ash cloud has been produced from the volcano.
- A verifiable news report of new activity or a change in activity at the volcano has been issued.
- Observers have reported a significant change in volcanic activity. Such activity can include, but is not restricted to, pyroclastic flows, lahars, lava flows, dome collapse, or increased unrest.

Volcanoes are included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section of the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report if the activity occurs after at least 3 months of quiescence. Once a volcano is included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section, updates will remain in that section unless the activity continues for more than 1 month without escalating, after which time updates will be listed in the "Continuing Activity" section. Volcanoes are also included in the "New Activity/Unrest" section if the volcano is undergoing a period of relatively high unrest, or increasing unrest. This is commonly equal to Alert Level Orange on a scale of Green, Yellow, Orange, Red, where Red is the highest alert. Or alert level 3 on a scale of 1-4 or 1-5.

It is important to note that volcanic activity meeting one or more of these criteria may occur during the week, but may not be included in the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report because we did not receive a report.

Disclaimers

1. The Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is intended to provide timely information about global volcanism on a weekly basis. Consequently, the report is generated rapidly by summarizing volcanic reports from various sources, with little time for fact checking. The accuracy of the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report is dependent upon the quality of the volcanic activity reports we receive. Reports published in the Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network are cover longer time periods and are more carefully reviewed, although all of the volcanoes discussed in the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report are not necessarily reported in the Bulletin. Because of our emphasis on rapid reporting on the web we have avoided diacritical marks. Reports are updated on the Weekly Volcanic Activity Report web page as they are received, therefore information may be included regarding events that occurred before the current report period.

2. Rapidly developing events lead to coverage that is often fragmentary. Volcanoes, their eruptions, and their plumes and associated atmospheric effects are complex phenomena that may require months to years of data analysis in order to create a comprehensive summary and interpretation of events.

3. Preliminary accounts sometimes contain exaggerations and "false alarms," and accordingly, this report may include some events ultimately found to be erroneous or misleading.

4. Many news agencies do not archive the articles they post on the Internet, and therefore the links to some sources may not be active. To obtain information about the cited articles that are no longer available on the Internet contact the source.

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URL: https://volcano.si.edu/reports_weekly.cfm

Acronyms and Abbreviations

a.s.l. - above sea level

AVO - Alaska Volcano Observatory

AVHRR - Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer

CENAPRED - Centro Nacionale de Prevencion de Desastres (México)

CONRED - Coordinadora Nacional para la Reducción de Desastres

COSPEC - Correlation Spectrometer

CVGHM (formerly VSI) - Center of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation

CVO - Cascades Volcano Observatory (USGS)

GMS - Geostationary Meteorological Satellite

GOES - Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite

GVO - Goma Volcano Observatory

GVP - Global Volcanism Program (Smithsonian Institution)

HVO - Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (USGS)

ICE - Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad (Costa Rica)

IG - Instituto Geofísico (Ecuador)

IGNS - Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences (New Zealand) - now GNS Science

INETER - Instituto Nicaragüense de Estudios Territoriales (Nicaragua)

INGEMMET - Instituto Geológical Minero y Metalúrgico (Peru)

INGEOMINAS - Instituto Colombiano de Geología y Minería (Colombia)

INGV-CT - Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia - Sezione di Catania (Italy)

INSIVUMEH - Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia e Hidrologia (Guatemala)

IRD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (France)

JMA - Japanese Meteorological Agency

KEMSD - Kamchatkan Experimental and Methodical Seismilogical Department

KVERT - Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team

M - magnitude

METEOSAT - Meteorological Satellite

MEVO - Mount Erebus Volcano Observatory

MODIS - Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer

MVO - Montserrat Volcano Observatory

MWO - Meteorological Watch Office

NEIC - National Earthquake Information Center

NIED - National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (Japan)

NOAA - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NOTAM - Notice to Airmen

OVDAS - Observatorio Volcanologico de los Andes del Sur (Chile)

OFDA - Office of US Foreign Disaster Assistance

ONEMI - Oficina Nacional de Emergencia - Ministerio del Interior (Chile)

OVPDLF - Observatoire Volcanologique du Piton de la Fournaise (France)

OVSICORI-UNA - Observatorio Vulcanologico y Sismologico de Costa Rica, Universidad Nacional (Costa Rica)

PHIVOLCS - Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (Philippines)

RSAM - Real-time Seismic Amplitude Measurement

RVO - Rabaul Volcano Observatory

SERNAGEOMIN - Servicio Nacional de Geologia y Mineria (Chile)

SIGMET - Significant Meteorological Information

SNET - Servicio Nacional de Estudios Territoriales (El Salvador)

SVERT - Sakhalin Volcanic Eruption Response Team (Russia)

USAID - US Agency for International Development

USGS - United States Geological Survey

UTC - Coordinated Universal Time

VAAC - Volcanic Ash Advisory Center

VAFTAD - Volcanic Ash Forecast Transport And Dispersion

VDAP - Volcano Disaster Assistance Program (USGS)

VHP - Volcano Hazards Program (USGS)

VRC - Volcano Research Center (Japan)

Report for Asosan
On 27-29 August JMA reported volcanic earthquakes and elevated lake temperatures at Asosan's Nakadake Crater. On 30 August an eruption occurred with a gray-white plume of indeterminate height due to clouds prompted raising the Alert level to 2. On 31 August- 2 September was a small eruption and a gray white plume rose 800-1200 m above the crater rim. During 30 August-1 September the Tokyo VAAC reported ash plumes that rose 1.5-2.1 km (5,000-7,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted N and NE. The Alert Level was raised to 2 (on a scale of 1-5).
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

Report for Bardarbunga
During 27 August-2 September the Icelandic Met Office reported ongoing seismic activity at Bárdarbunga volcano. On 27 August an overflight showed a 4-6-km-long row of cauldrons 10-15 m in diameter S of Bárdarbunga. On 29 August a small fissure eruption started in Holuhraun along an old fissure about 600 m in length north of Dyngjujökull. Lava again erupted starting on 31 August along a 1.5 km long fissure. The Aviation Color Code was raised to Red and lowered to Orange later in the day. On 1-2 September a white steam and gas plume rose 4.5 km (15,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 60 km to NNE and ENE. Lava flowed N and lava plumes rose tens of meters. There was a noticeable decrease in seismicity from 500 earthquakes on 1 September to 300 earthquakes on 2 September. Earthquakes up to magnitude 4-5.4 have been detected at or near the volcano. On 2 September the lava had covered 4.2 square kilometers and was 4.5 km from the glaciers edge. The London VAAC reported no ash plumes associated with the fissure eruptions. The Aviation Color Code remains at Orange.
Sources: Icelandic Meteorological Office (IMO), London Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC)

Report for Rabaul
On 29 August the Darwin VAAC changed the Aviation Color Code to Red after ash plumes from Rabaul caldera's Tavurvur cone rose to 18.3 km (60,000 ft) a.s.l. On 30 August the ash plume rose to 2.1 km (7,000 ft) a.s.l., and the Aviation Color Code was lowered to Orange. On 29 August ABC News reported evacuations of communities near the volcano.
Sources: Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC), ABC News - American Broadcasting Corporation

Report for Suwanosejima
During 28 August-1 September, the Tokyo VAAC reported eruptions at Suwanosejima. Ash plumes rose 1.8-2.7 km (6,000-9,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E, SE, S, and NE.
Source: Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Report for Aira
During 27 August-2 September JMA reported 42 explosions from Showa Crater at Aira Caldera’s Sakurajima volcano that ejected ballistics 800-1300 m from the crater. The explosions were accompanied by volcanic earthquakes and volcanic tremor. On 30-31 August clear incandescence was visible by high-sensitivity camera at night, with a “smoke” plume rising 3 km above the crater on the 31st. The Tokyo VAAC reported explosions during 13-17 August with plumes that rose to an altitude of 1.2-4 km (4,000-13,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted E, NE, N, and SE. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 1-5).
Sources: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Report for Bagana
During 25-28 August the Darwin VAAC reported ash plumes at Bagana that rose 2.1-2.4 km (7,000-8,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 35-65 km W, SW and WNW. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.
Source: Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC)

Report for Dukono
Based on analyses of satellite imagery and wind data, the Darwin VAAC reported that on 28-29 August a low level plume from Dukono rose to an altitude of 2.1 km (7,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 40 km NE and N.
Source: Darwin Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC)

Report for Fuego
During 27 August-2 September, INSIVUMEH reported that weak to moderate explosions at Fuego expelled blocks up to 800 m above the rim. On most days white plumes rose 200-600 m above the crater; on 28 August it rose to 4.3 km (14,100 ft) above the crater. Ash plumes rose 4.1-4.6 km (13,500-15,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 10-15 km NE, E, SE, W, S, and SW. Ashfall was reported in the villages of Morelia (9 km SW), Panimaché (8 km SW), Panimaché II, Sangre de Cristo (8 km WSW), Hagia Sophia, Santa Sofia, Yepocapa, Alotenango, Antigua, and San Miguel Dueñas. On most days rumbling was heard that rattled structures near the volcano. On 30-31 August lava flowed towards Ceniza Canyon. Weak to moderate avalanches of blocks were channeled into the canyons Las Lajas (SE), Ceniza (SSW), Taniluyá (SW), Santa Teresa, and Honda.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

Report for Kilauea
During 27 August-2 September HVO reported that the circulating lava lake occasionally rose and fell in the deep pit within Kilauea's Halema'uma'u Crater. Gas emissions remained elevated. The plume from the vent continued to deposit variable amounts of ash, spatter, and Pele's hair onto nearby areas; smaller particles may have been dropped several kilometers away.

During 27 August-2 September glow was visible overnight above several outgassing openings in Pu`u `O`o's crater floor. On 28 August there was a brief reduction in surface activity. On 1 September aerial views showed small lava ponds within the NE, SE, and N pits within the crater, and a crusted pond surface in the SE pit. The June 27th lava flow remained active. On 1 September active lava was 12.6 km from the vent, and about 1.9 km from the eastern boundary of the Wao Kele o Puna Forest Reserve. Lava a few hundred meters behind the front had flowed into a large ground crack and disappeared from view; a line of steam from the crack extended E. The most distant steaming along the crack was 12.8 km from the vent and 1.7 km from the Forest Reserve boundary. Small breakouts were active closer to Pu`u `O`o, about midway along the length of the June 27th flow.
Source: US Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO)

Report for Kuchinoerabujima
JMA reported that during 27 August-2 September few volcanic earthquakes were accompanied by no explosion at Kuchinoerabujima. On most days a white plume rose 50-300m above the crater rim . The Alert Level for Kuchinoerabujima remained at 3 (on a scale of 1-5).
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

Report for Kusatsu-Shiranesan
On 27-29 August, JMA reported continuing volcanic earthquakes at Kusatsu-Shiranesan’s crater, although they had decreased from early August and tremor was absent. The Alert Level remains at 2 (on a scale of 1-5).
Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

Report for Mayon
During 27 August-2 September PHIVOLCS reported no incandescence from Mayon, despite the emergence of a summit dome, slight ground deformation, and increased volcanic gas emission. Precise leveling surveys measured the third week of August showed inflationary changes in the edifice since a survey in February 2014. On most days seismic instruments recorded several rock falls and a few earthquakes. Observers noted moderate emission of white steam plumes that drifted SW, WSW, NE, SSW, NNW, WNW, and NW. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 0-5).
Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)

Report for Pacaya
INSIVUMEH reported that during 27 August-2 September white and blueish white fumarolic plumes rose 50-75 m above Mackenney Crater at Pacaya and drifted 400-500 m E, S, W and SW. On 28 August small plumes of gray ash rose 200-600 m above the crater and drifted S and SW.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

Report for Popocatepetl
CENAPRED reported that during 27 August-2 September explosions were accompanied by steam-and-gas emissions with minor ash and ash plumes that rose 800-3,000 m above Popocatépetl’s crater and drifted W, SW, and WSW. On most nights incandescence was observed, increasing during times with larger emissions. On 1 September partial visibility due to cloud cover was reported. On 29 and 31 August the Washington VAAC reported discrete ash emissions. The Alert Level remained at to Yellow, Phase Two.
Sources: Centro Nacional de Prevencion de Desastres (CENAPRED), Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Report for Reventador
During 27 August-2 September IG reported moderate activity including explosions, long-period earthquakes, harmonic tremor, and tremor at Reventador. On 27 August steam emissions were observed. On most days the volcano was obscured by clouds. On 2 September instruments recorded tremor-related emissions and satellite views showed an ash plume that rose 6 km (19,700 ft) height and drifted W. On 2 September the Washington VAAC reported volcanic ash emissions.
Sources: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN), Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Report for Sabancaya
IGP reported that on 27 August INGEMMET reported long-period, volcano-tectonic, and hybrid earthquakes at Sabancaya. White to light gray plumes rose 100-300 m above the summit and drifted SE. On 28-29 August the Buenos Aires VAAC reported volcanic ash.
Sources: Instituto Geológico Minero y Metalúrgico (INGEMMET), Buenos Aires Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Report for San Miguel
On 27 August -2 September SNET reported that seismic activity at San Miguel had decreased significantly from the previous month. Small steam-and-gas plumes did not exceed 200 m above the summit. Views on 29 August were obscured by clouds. On 1 September there was a slight increase in seismicity and gas pulses rose 400 m above the summit.
Source: Servicio Nacional de Estudios Territoriales (SNET)

Report for Santa Maria
On 27 August-2 September, INSIVUMEH reported lava flowing towards Upper Nima Canyon I at Santiaguito. On most days collapses of the lava flow generated fine ash that rose 300-2800 m above the crater and drifted SW, S, and W;ash was reported at Finca San José on 28 August. Fumarolic degassing plumes rose 150 -3,000 m above the crater and drifted SW, S, and E. On 30 August lahars left deposits about 1 m thick and 30 m wide, and on 1 September were reported to occasionally overflow in some parts of the Nima 1 river.
Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

Report for Sheveluch
KVERT reported that during 22-28 August lava-dome extrusion onto Shiveluch’s SE flank was accompanied by moderate ash explosions, incandescence of the dome summit, hot avalanches, and fumarolic activity. Satellite data showed a thermal anomaly over the lava dome on 24-28 August. The volcano was obscured by clouds the other days of week. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange.
Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

Report for Shishaldin
AVO reported that during 27 August-2 September low-level eruptive activity continued at Shishaldin volcano. On 28 August a thermal feature was observed and on 31 August a small steam plume was seen in satellite images. During clear weather on 1 September no activity was observed. On 2 September elevated surface temperatures at the summit crater were noted from satellite data. Clouds prevented observations the other days of the week. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch.
Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)

Report for Tungurahua
During 27 August-2 September IG reported that moderate to high eruptive activity continued at Tungurahua including volcanic tremor, explosions, and long-period earthquakes. On most days explosions described as roars and “gunfire” were heard that rattled structures at the observatory and around the volcano. On most days ash plumes rose 1.5-2.5 km (4,900-8,200 ft) a.s.l. above the crater rim and drifted N, W, and NW. On 27-28 August explosions expelled blocks on the W and NW flank that descended 800-1000 m below the crater rim. On 30 August pyroclastic flows decended 1500 m down the NW flank. IG reported nearly constant explosions and pyroclastic flows on 31 August that traversed down the ravines of La Hacienda, Achupashal, and Mandur.

On 1 September the explosions continued but were much smaller. Long-period earthquakes increased on 2 September, but explosions decreased with steam plumes containing little ash. On most days the Washington VAAC reported ongoing and continuous emissions, and ashfall was reported in several areas including Motilones, Chontapamba Pillate, Manzano, Chonglontus, Puela, Penipe, Quero, Cevallos Chontapamba, Bilbao, Cusúa, Pillate, La Calera, El Santuario, and El Rosario. . On 27 August the Washington VAAC reported that emissions rose to 6 km (22,000 ft) a.s.l. and on 30 August they rose to 6.7 km (20,000 ft) a.s.l.
Sources: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN), Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Report for Ubinas
During 27 August-2 September INGEMMET reported that the eruption of Ubinas was continuing. During 27-31 August gas and ash plumes rose 200-1100 m above the crater and drifted E, NE, SE, and S. On 27 August INGEMMET reported increased volcanic tremor which continued until 30 August when the volcanic tremor decreased. On 28 August the Buenos Aires VAAC listed the Aviation Color Code at Red, noting intermittent light ash and possible ongoing emissions.
Sources: Instituto Geológico Minero y Metalúrgico (INGEMMET), Buenos Aires Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Report for Zhupanovsky
KVERT reported that during 22-28 August the moderate explosive eruption continued at Zhupanovsky. On 28 August ash plumes rose to 3.5-4 km (11,500-13,100 ft) a.s.l. and drifted 80 km SW. During 25-27 August satellite data showed a thermal anomaly over the volcano, but clouds prevented observations the other days of the week. The Tokyo VAAC reported that ash plumes rose to 4.3 km (14,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SW.
Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT), Tokyo Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)