Ahyi (United States) | 12 November-18 November 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

The US Geological Survey reported that signs of unrest at Ahyi Seamount were observed during the previous few weeks. Plumes of discolored water drifting up to 1.6 km away from the volcano were observed in satellite images on 20, 21, 26, and 28 October and on 5 November. No high-resolution satellite data were available during 6-14 November. One signal coming from the direction of Ahyi was identified in data from underwater pressure sensors near Wake Island (about 2,270 km E of Ahyi) and may have been related to activity. The Aviation Color Code remained at Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-color scale) and the Volcano Alert Level remained at Advisory (the second lowest level on a four-level scale).

Source: US Geological Survey

Aira (Japan) | 12 November-18 November 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported ongoing eruptive activity at Minamidake Crater (Aira Caldera’s Sakurajima volcano) during 10-17 November. Nightly crater incandescence was visible in webcam images. An eruptive event at 1733 on 10 November produced an ash plume that rose 1 km above the crater rim and drifted S. Sulfur dioxide emissions were characterized as slightly high, averaging 1,800 tons per day on 11 November. An explosion at 0057 on 16 November generated an ash plume that rose 4.4 km above the crater rim and ejected large blocks 800-1,200 m above the vent. At 0228 an explosion produced an ash plume that rose 3.7 km above the summit and drifted NE, and ejected blocks as far as 1.4 km above the vent. Emissions became continuous, with ash plumes rising 500-1,300 m above the summit and drifting E and N, until 0350 when they were below the detection threshold. A notable amount of ashfall from the explosions was reported in Kagoshima City. Explosions at 0434 and at 0850 generated ash plumes that rose 1.7 and 2.5 km above the summit, respectively, and ejected blocks 300-900 m above the vent. According to news reports, about 30 flights in and out of Kagoshima Airport were canceled due to the ashfall. The fifth explosion during the week, at 0554 on 17 November, ejected blocks 500-700 m above the vent and produced an ash plume that rose 2.4 km above the crater rim and drifted SE. Gas-and-ash plumes from eruptive events at 0930 on 16 November and at 0702, at 0730, at 1340, at 1911, and at 1936 on 17 November produced ash plumes that rose 1.1-1.4 km above the crater rim and drifted NE, E, and SE. The Alert Level remained at 3 (on a 5-level scale), and the public was warned to be cautious within 2 km of both the Minimadake and Showa craters.

Sources: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), Reuters

Fernandina (Ecuador) | 12 November-18 November 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

The Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) reported seismic unrest at Fernandina. A M 4.3 earthquake was recorded at 2306 on 16 November. A seismic swarm began at 0800 the next morning and was composed of smaller magnitude events located beneath the N flank. There are no residents on the island.

Source: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN)

Fuego (Guatemala) | 12 November-18 November 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

The Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported that eruptive activity at Fuego continued during 12-18 November. Daily Strombolian explosions recorded by the seismic network, at rates of 4-12 per hour, generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose as high as 1.1 km above the summit and drifted as far as 40 km W and SW. Occasional rumbling sounds, shock waves, and/or sounds associated with gas emissions were reported; the shock waves rattled buildings and structures near the volcano during 13-14 November. Explosions ejected incandescent material 200 m above the summit, sometimes showering the upper flanks with incandescent material. Daily incandescent block avalanches descended the flanks, including the Las Lajas (SE), Seca (W), Taniluya (SSW), Trinidad (SSW), Santa Teresa (W), El Jute (ESE), Honda, and Ceniza (SSW) drainages, occasionally reaching vegetated areas. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind almost daily including Panimache (8 km SW), Sangre de Cristo, Finca Palo Verde, El Porvenir (10 km S), Morelia (10 km SW), Santa Sofia (12 km SW), and Yepocapa. On 16 November lahars descended the Mineral and Seca drainages carrying sediment, tree branches, trunks, and blocks as large as 3 m in diameter.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

Great Sitkin (United States) | 12 November-18 November 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

The Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO) reported that slow lava effusion continued to feed a thick flow in Great Sitkin’s summit crater during 12-18 November. Satellite data indicated that the SE part of the flow slightly inflated. The S part of the flow margin had advanced about 5 m during the previous week. Small daily earthquakes were detected by the seismic network along with rockfall signals. Weather clouds sometimes obscured satellite and webcam views, though elevated surface temperatures were identified in satellite views during 17-18 November. The Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch (the third level on a four-level scale) and the Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third color on a four-color scale).

Source: US Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory (AVO)

Ibu (Indonesia) | 12 November-18 November 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

The Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that the eruption at Ibu continued during 13-17 November. Eruptive events were recorded daily, though sometime weather conditions prevented visual confirmation. Dense gray ash plumes rose 200-600 m above the summit and drifted NE and SE during 13 and 15-17 November. Incandescence at the summit was visible in a few nighttime webcam images. The Alert Level remained at 2 (the second lowest level on a four-level scale) and the public was advised to stay 2 km away from the active crater and 3.5 km away from the N crater wall opening.

Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

Kelimutu (Indonesia) | 12 November-18 November 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

The Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported another significant increase in the lake water temperature at Kelimutu’s Crater II (Tiwu Koofai Nuwamuri). The water temperature rose from 30.9 degrees Celsius (C) on 23 October, to 31.5 degrees C on 7 November, and then to 32.6 degrees C on 15 November. A minor sulfur odor accompanied the temperature increase along with the appearance of gas-and-steam on the lake’s surface. The color of the lake water had not changed, remaining light blue. There was no significant change in seismicity. The Alert Level remained at 1 (on a scale of 1-4) and the public was advised to not approach the crater rim and to wear a mask due to the sulfur odor.

Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

Kilauea (United States) | 12 November-18 November 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) reported that the eruption within Kilauea’s Kaluapele summit caldera, characterized by episodic fountaining, incandescence, and intermittent spatter from craters along the SW margin of Halema’uma’u Crater, continued at variable levels during 12-18 November. Incandescence at both the N and S vents was visible overnight during the week and gas plumes continued to be emitted from them. Spikes in tremor every 5-10 minutes during 14-17 November were related to gas-pistoning (a shallow, gas-driven rise and fall of a lava surface) deeper within the vents. The Volcano Alert Level remained at Watch (the third level on a four-level scale) and the Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the third color on a four-color scale).

Source: US Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO)

Krasheninnikov (Russia) | 12 November-18 November 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported that the eruption at Krasheninnikov continued during 7-15 November. A daily large thermal anomaly over the volcano was identified in satellite images. The Northern Cone produced lava flows that advanced on the E flank along with gas-and-steam plumes. Plumes of resuspended ash drifted 240 km SE during 8-11 November. A series of brief explosions that began at 2100 on 13 November produced ash plumes that rose 3.5 km a.s.l. and drifted 10 km N and NE. A satellite image acquired at 0100 on 15 November showed an ash plume rising 2.7 km a.s.l. and drifting 40 km SW. Satellite images on 9 and 16 November showed that lava flows on the E flank remained active. The distal end of the northern branch was about 3 km from the crater rim of Northern Cone and had slightly widened with new flows that traveled along the margins. The southern branch had not advanced. The central vent in the crater was incandescent. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates and times are provided in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC); specific events are indicated in local time where specified.

Sources: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT), Copernicus

Marapi (Indonesia) | 12 November-18 November 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

The Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG) reported that eruptive activity at Marapi (on Sumatra) continued during 13-18 November. An eruptive event at 0441 on 12 November produced a dense white-and-gray ash plume that rose 400 m above the summit and drifted E. White plumes rose 100 m above the summit and drifted SE during 13-14 November. Weather conditions prevented visual observations during the rest of the week. The Alert Level remained at 2 (on a scale of 1-4) and the public was warned to stay 3 km away from the active crater.

Source: Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana Geologi (PVMBG, also known as CVGHM)

Nevado del Ruiz (Colombia) | 12 November-18 November 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

The Servicio Geológico Colombiano’s (SGC) Observatorio Vulcanológico y Sismológico de Manizales reported that eruptive activity at Nevado del Ruiz continued during 11-17 November, though weather conditions sometimes obscured visual observations. Seismic data indicated that events associated with fluid movement increased in both number and intensity compared to the previous week, though levels were low overall. Some of the seismic events were associated with pulsating ash emissions, including some with higher-temperature ejecta. Gas, steam, and ash emissions generally rose as high as 500 m above the summit and mainly drifted W, though some plumes drifted NW and WSW. At 2358 on 14 November an ash plume rose as high as 2 km above the crater rim. Ashfall was reported in the Parque Nacional Natural Los Nevados and in Manizales (28 km NW). Seismicity associated with rock fracturing slightly increased in number but decreased in intensity compared to the previous week. The earthquakes were low magnitude (less than M1) and mainly located at depths of 2-6 km below Arenas Crater and below the SW flank within 5 km. Daily sulfur dioxide emissions fluctuated and were slightly higher than the previous week. Low-level thermal anomalies at the bottom of the crater were periodically identified in satellite images, though weather clouds mostly hindered views. The Alert Level remained at Yellow (the second level on a four-level scale).

Source: Servicio Geológico Colombiano (SGC)

Popocatepetl (Mexico) | 12 November-18 November 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

The Centro Nacional de Prevención de Desastres (CENAPRED) reported that eruptive activity continued at Popocatépetl during 12-18 November. The seismic network recorded 4-10 long-period events per day, accompanied by steam-and-gas emissions with occasional minor ash content that drifted in various directions. In addition, the seismic network recorded two periods of low-amplitude, high-frequency tremor lasting 22 minutes on 16 November and 33 minutes on 17 November. According to the Washington VAAC an ash plume visible in webcam and satellite images on 12 November rose 6.7 km (22,000 ft) a.s.l. (about 1.3 km above the crater rim) and drifted N. The Alert Level remained at Yellow, Phase Two (the middle level on a three-color scale) and the public was warned to stay 12 km away from the crater.

Sources: Centro Nacional de Prevencion de Desastres (CENAPRED), Washington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)

Reventador (Ecuador) | 12 November-18 November 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

The Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) reported that eruptive activity continued at Reventador during 13-18 November. Seismicity included 50-73 daily explosions, long-period earthquakes, harmonic tremor, and tremor associated with emissions. Daily ash-and-gas plumes visible in webcam and/or satellite images rose as high as 2 km above the crater rim and drifted in multiple directions. Webcams recorded periodic crater incandescence and multiple nightly instances of incandescent material descending the flanks as far as 1 km below the crater rim. On 18 November a pyroclastic flow traveled 700 m down the SE flank. Secretaría de Gestión de Riesgos (SGR) maintained the Alert Level at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Sources: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN), Secretaría de Gestión de Riesgos (SGR)

Sangay (Ecuador) | 12 November-18 November 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

The Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN) reported that the eruption continued at Sangay during 13-18 November. The seismic network recorded 117-1,056 explosions each day. Ash-and-gas plumes were observed on most days in webcam and/or satellite images rising as high as 1.5 km above the summit and drifting NW, W, and SW, though weather clouds sometimes obscured views. Incandescent material was ejected 500 m above the crater during 13-14 November based on webcam views. Crater incandescence was visible during dark hours on most days, and incandescent material was observed descending the flanks as far as 1 km during 16-17 November. The Secretaría de Gestión de Riesgos (SGR) maintained the Alert Level at Yellow (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Sources: Instituto Geofísico-Escuela Politécnica Nacional (IG-EPN), Secretaría de Gestión de Riesgos (SGR)

Santa Maria (Guatemala) | 12 November-18 November 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

The Instituto Nacional de Sismología, Vulcanología, Meteorología e Hidrología (INSIVUMEH) reported high levels of ongoing eruptive activity at Santa Maria’s Santiaguito dome complex during 12-18 November, with continuing lava extrusion at Caliente dome. Daily explosions, 1-8 per hour when reported, generated gas-and-ash plumes that rose 800-900 m above the dome and drifted W and SW. Effusion of blocky lava and collapses of incandescent material produced incandescent block avalanches that descended the flanks. Ashfall was reported in areas downwind including San Marcos Palajunoj (8 km SW) and Loma Linda (7 km W) during 13-14 November and in San Marcos Palajunoj during 16-17 November.

Source: Instituto Nacional de Sismologia, Vulcanologia, Meteorologia, e Hidrologia (INSIVUMEH)

Sheveluch (Russia) | 12 November-18 November 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

The Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT) reported continuing eruptive activity at Sheveluch’s “300 years of RAS” dome on the SW flank of Old Sheveluch and at the Young Sheveluch dome during 7-13 November. Thermal anomalies over the domes were identified in satellite images during 9-10 November. On those same days resuspended ash drifted more than 75 km E. The Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale). Dates are based on UTC; specific events are in local time where noted.

Source: Kamchatkan Volcanic Eruption Response Team (KVERT)

Stromboli (Italy) | 12 November-18 November 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

The Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo (INGV) reported that eruptive activity continued at Stromboli during 9-16 November. Webcam images showed Strombolian activity at five vents in Area N within the upper part of the Sciara del Fuoco, and from at least two vents in Area C-S (South-Central Crater) on the crater terrace. The vents in Area N (two in sector N1 and three in sector N2) continued to produce low- to medium-intensity explosions at a rate of 8-20 events per hour, ejecting lapilli and bombs less than 150 m above the vents. Spattering at both sectors was visible, though the activity was more intense at N1. Low- to medium-intensity explosions ejected tephra from two vents in Area C-S at a rate of 0-8 times per hour. At 2120 on 13 November a lava flow began to descend the Sciara del Fuoco after a period of intense spattering at N1. The narrow channel morphology prevented direct visual observations of the flow, though it appeared to have a low effusion rate. The flow had likely stopped and was cooling by the late afternoon of 15 November. The Alert Level remained at Yellow (the second lowest level on a four-level scale) according to the Dipartimento della Protezione Civile.

Sources: Sezione di Catania - Osservatorio Etneo (INGV), Dipartimento della Protezione Civile

Suwanosejima (Japan) | 12 November-18 November 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported that eruptive activity at Suwanosejima's Ontake Crater continued during 10-14 November. Incandescence was observed nightly in webcam images and ashfall was reported in Toshima Village (3.5 km SSW). An eruptive event at 2107 on 10 November produced an ash plume that rose 1 km above the crater rim and drifted SW. Large blocks were ejected 200 m from the vent. At 2157 on 16 November an eruptive event produced an ash plume that rose 1.5 km above the crater rim and drifted W. The Alert Level remained at 2 (the second level on a five-level scale) and the public was warned to be cautious within 1.5 km of the crater.

Source: Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

Taal (Philippines) | 12 November-18 November 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) reported eruptive activity at Taal during 12-18 November. The seismic network recorded 10-20 daily volcanic earthquakes along with periods of volcanic tremor on 12 and 16 November. One minor phreatic event occurred on 12 November and lasted for three minutes; voluminous emissions rose 2.8 km above the crater rim and drifted NE. Daily gas-and-steam emissions with variable densities rose 400-900 m above the crater rim and drifted SW during the rest of the week. Sulfur dioxide emissions decreased during the week, averaging 1,095 tonnes per day (t/d) on 12 November, 339 t/d on 14 November, and 72 t/d on 17 November. The Alert Level remained at 1 (on a scale of 0-5); PHIVOLCS reminded the public that the entire Taal Volcano Island (TVI) was a Permanent Danger Zone (PDZ) and recommended that the Main Crater and areas along the Daang Kastila fissure should remain prohibited. Pilots were warned to avoid flying over TVI.

Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS)

Whakaari/White Island (New Zealand) | 12 November-18 November 2025 | Continuing ActivityCite this Report

GeoNet reported that eruptive activity at Whakaari/White Island continued on 14 November. At about 1130 a steam-and-gas plume was visible from the Bay of Plenty coast, in Whakatane and Te Kaha webcam images, rising to around 3 km a.s.l. Webcam and satellite images indicated that the ash content was low. According to the Wellington VAAC gas-and-steam plumes containing ash rose to 1.2 km (4,000 ft) a.s.l. and drifted SW on 17 November based on pilot observations and satellite images. The Volcanic Alert Level remained at 3 (on a scale of 0-5) and the Aviation Color Code remained at Orange (the second highest level on a four-color scale).

Sources: GeoNet, Wellington Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC)