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Volcanoes in the South America Volcanic Regions

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Llaima

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Lascar

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Guagua Pichincha

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Sabancaya

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Cerro Bravo

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Cotopaxi

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Sangay

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Cotopaxi

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Villarrica

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Lascar

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Imbabura

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    El Misti

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Galeras

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Falso Azufre

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Tutupaca

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Sangay

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Guallatiri

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Chimborazo

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    El Misti

  • Volcano photo slideshow

    Cotopaxi

  • Current

Additional information about the Volcanic Regions in this group and a map display is still being prepared.

There are 157 Holocene volcanoes in the South America Volcanic Regions.

Austral Andean Volcanic Arc

Volcano Name Country Last Eruption Volcanic Landform
Lautaro Chile 1979 CE Composite
Aguilera Chile 1253 BCE Composite
Reclus Chile 1908 CE Composite
Monte Burney Chile 1910 CE Composite
Pali-Aike Volcanic Field Chile-Argentina 5550 BCE Cluster
Fueguino Chile 1820 CE Minor (Silicic)

Southern Andean Volcanic Arc

Volcano Name Country Last Eruption Volcanic Landform
Payun Matru Argentina 5050 BCE Cluster
Tromen Volcanic Plateau Argentina 1822 CE Composite
Laguna Blanca Argentina Unknown Cluster
Crater Basalt Volcanic Field Argentina Unknown Cluster
Antuco Chile 1869 CE Composite
Copahue Chile-Argentina 2021 CE Composite
Callaqui Chile 1980 CE Composite
Tolhuaca Chile 4000 BCE Composite
Lonquimay Chile 1990 CE Composite
Llaima Chile 2009 CE Composite
Sollipulli Chile 1240 CE Caldera
Caburgua-Huelemolle Chile 5050 BCE Cluster
Villarrica Chile 2024 CE Composite
Quetrupillan Chile 255 CE Composite
Lanin Chile-Argentina 560 CE Composite
Huanquihue Group Argentina 1750 CE Composite
Mocho-Choshuenco Chile 1937 CE Composite
Carran-Los Venados Chile 1979 CE Cluster
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle Chile 2012 CE Composite
Antillanca Volcanic Complex Chile 230 BCE Composite
Puntiagudo-Cordon Cenizos Chile 1850 CE Composite
Tupungatito Chile-Argentina 1987 CE Composite
San Jose Chile-Argentina 1960 CE Composite
Maipo Chile-Argentina 1912 CE Composite
Osorno Chile 1869 CE Composite
Tronador Chile-Argentina Unknown Composite
Cayutue-La Vigueria Chile 190 BCE Cluster
Calbuco Chile 2015 CE Composite
Yate Chile 1090 CE Composite
Hornopiren Chile 340 CE Composite
Apagado Chile 590 BCE Minor
Huequi Chile 1920 CE Minor
Michinmahuida Chile 1835 CE Composite
Chaiten Chile 2011 CE Caldera
Yanteles Chile 6650 BCE Composite
Corcovado Chile 4920 BCE Composite
Melimoyu Chile 200 CE Composite
Puyuhuapi Chile Unknown Minor
Mentolat Chile 1710 CE Composite
Cay Chile Unknown Composite
Maca Chile 1560 CE Composite
Cerro Hudson Chile 2011 CE Composite
Meullin Chile Unknown Cluster
Palomo Chile Unknown Composite
Caldera del Atuel Argentina Unknown Caldera
Risco Plateado Argentina Unknown Composite
Tinguiririca Chile 1917 CE Composite
Planchon-Peteroa Chile 2019 CE Composite
Infiernillo Argentina 6890 BCE Cluster
Calabozos Chile Unknown Composite
Descabezado Grande Chile 1933 CE Composite
Cerro Azul Chile 1967 CE Composite
Laguna del Maule Chile 50 BCE Caldera
San Pedro-Pellado Chile Unknown Composite
Nevado de Longavi Chile 4890 BCE Composite
Lomas Blancas Chile Unknown Composite
Volcan Resago Chile Unknown Minor (Basaltic)
Nevados de Chillan Chile 2022 CE Composite

Central Andean Volcanic Arc

Volcano Name Country Last Eruption Volcanic Landform
Kimsachata-Oroscocha Peru 4450 BCE Minor (Silicic)
Cerro Auquihuato Peru Unknown Minor
Sara Sara Peru Unknown Composite
Coropuna Peru Unknown Composite
Andahua-Orcopampa Peru 1490 CE Cluster
Huambo Peru 700 BCE Cluster
Sabancaya Peru 2024 CE Composite
Nevado Chachani Peru Unknown Composite
El Misti Peru 1985 CE Composite
Ubinas Peru 2024 CE Composite
Huaynaputina Peru 1600 CE Composite
Ticsani Peru 1800 CE Minor (Silicic)
Tutupaca Peru 1802 CE Composite
Yucamane Peru 1320 BCE Composite
Nevados Casiri Peru Unknown Composite
Tacora Chile-Peru Unknown Composite
Taapaca Chile 320 BCE Composite
Parinacota Chile-Bolivia 290 CE Composite
Guallatiri Chile 1960 CE Composite
Isluga Chile 1913 CE Composite
Tata Sabaya Bolivia Unknown Composite
Irruputuncu Chile-Bolivia 1995 CE Composite
Olca-Paruma Chile-Bolivia Unknown Composite
Putana Chile 1810 CE Composite
Sairecabur Chile-Bolivia Unknown Composite
Licancabur Chile-Bolivia Unknown Composite
Guayaques Chile-Bolivia Unknown Minor
Purico Complex Chile Unknown Shield
Colachi Chile Unknown Composite
Acamarachi Chile Unknown Composite
Chiliques Chile Unknown Composite
Lascar Chile 2023 CE Composite
Cordon de Puntas Negras Chile Unknown Composite
Miniques Chile Unknown Composite
Cerro Tujle Chile Unknown Minor
Caichinque Chile Unknown Composite
Tilocalar Chile Unknown Minor
Pular Chile Unknown Composite
La Negrillar Chile Unknown Minor
Socompa Chile-Argentina 5250 BCE Composite
Llullaillaco Chile-Argentina 1877 CE Composite
Corrida de Cori Volcanic Field Chile-Argentina Unknown Composite
Lastarria Chile-Argentina Unknown Composite
Cordon del Azufre Chile-Argentina Unknown Composite
Cerro Bayo Gorbea Chile-Argentina Unknown Composite
Sierra Nevada Chile-Argentina Unknown Composite
Falso Azufre Chile-Argentina Unknown Composite
Nevado de Incahuasi Chile-Argentina Unknown Composite
Nevados Ojos del Salado Chile-Argentina 750 CE Composite
El Solo Chile-Argentina Unknown Composite
Tuzgle Argentina Unknown Composite
Aracar Argentina Unknown Composite
Unnamed Argentina Unknown Minor
Antofagasta Volcanic Field Argentina Unknown Cluster
El Condor Argentina Unknown Composite
Peinado Argentina Unknown Composite
Cerro Blanco Argentina 2300 BCE Caldera
Tipas Argentina Unknown Composite

Northern Andean Volcanic Arc

Volcano Name Country Last Eruption Volcanic Landform
Chachimbiro Ecuador 3740 BCE Composite
Cuicocha Ecuador 650 CE Caldera
Imbabura Ecuador 5550 BCE Composite
Mojanda Ecuador Unknown Composite
Cayambe Ecuador 1786 CE Composite
Reventador Ecuador 2024 CE Composite
Pululahua Ecuador 290 CE Caldera
Guagua Pichincha Ecuador 2002 CE Composite
Atacazo Ecuador 320 BCE Composite
Chacana Ecuador 1773 CE Caldera
Antisana Ecuador 1802 CE Composite
Aliso Ecuador 2450 BCE Composite
Sumaco Ecuador 1895 CE Composite
Iliniza Ecuador Unknown Composite
Cotopaxi Ecuador 2023 CE Composite
Galeras Colombia 2014 CE Composite
Azufral Colombia 930 BCE Composite
Cumbal Colombia 1926 CE Composite
Chiles-Cerro Negro Colombia-Ecuador 1936 CE Composite
Soche Ecuador 6650 BCE Composite
Nevado del Huila Colombia 2012 CE Composite
Purace Colombia 2023 CE Composite
Sotara Colombia Unknown Composite
Dona Juana Colombia 1906 CE Composite
Quilotoa Ecuador 1280 CE Caldera
Chimborazo Ecuador 550 CE Composite
Tungurahua Ecuador 2016 CE Composite
Licto Ecuador Unknown Minor (Basaltic)
Sangay Ecuador 2024 CE Composite
Romeral Colombia 5390 BCE Composite
Cerro Bravo Colombia 1720 CE Composite
Nevado del Ruiz Colombia 2024 CE Composite
Santa Isabel Colombia 850 BCE Shield
Nevado del Tolima Colombia 1943 CE Composite
Machin Colombia 1180 CE Composite

Chronological listings of known Holocene eruptions (confirmed or uncertain) from volcanoes in the South America Volcanic Regions. Bolded eruptions indicate current continuing activity as of 16 August 2024.

Austral Andean Volcanic Arc

Volcano Name Start Date Stop Date Certainty VEI Evidence
Lautaro 1979 Mar 8 (in or before) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lautaro 1978 Jun 16 ± 15 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lautaro 1972 Jul 2 ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lautaro 1961 Oct 16 ± 15 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lautaro 1959 Dec 28 1960 Jan 20 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lautaro 1945 Jan 15 ± 45 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lautaro 1933 Feb Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Monte Burney 1910 Mar Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reclus 1908 ± 1 years Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reclus 1879 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lautaro 1879 Unknown Confirmed   Unknown
Lautaro [1878 Jan 18] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Lautaro 1876 Oct Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reclus 1869 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fueguino 1820 Nov 25 1820 Nov 26 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Fueguino [1712 Nov 26 ± 4 days] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Monte Burney 0090 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Monte Burney 0800 BCE ± 500 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Aguilera 1253 BCE ± 126 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Reclus 1830 BCE (after) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Monte Burney 2320 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Aguilera 2610 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Monte Burney 3740 BCE ± 10 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Pali-Aike Volcanic Field 5550 BCE ± 2500 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Anthropology
Monte Burney 7390 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Monte Burney 7450 BCE ± 500 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

Southern Andean Volcanic Arc

Volcano Name Start Date Stop Date Certainty VEI Evidence
Copahue 2021 Jul 2 2021 Nov 6 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Copahue 2020 Jun 16 2020 Nov 2 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Copahue 2019 Aug 2 2019 Nov 12 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Planchon-Peteroa 2018 Nov 7 2019 May 7 ± 1 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Copahue 2017 Jun 4 2018 Dec 7 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan 2016 Jan 8 2022 Oct 17 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Copahue 2015 Sep 18 ± 3 days 2017 Feb 22 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Calbuco 2015 Apr 22 2015 May 26 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 2014 Dec 2 ± 7 days 2024 Aug 16 (continuing) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Copahue 2014 Jul 4 2014 Dec 2 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 2013 Jul 25 2013 Jul 29 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Copahue 2012 Dec 22 2013 Dec 10 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica [2012 Nov 14] [2012 Nov 14 (?)] Uncertain  
Copahue 2012 Jul 17 2012 Jul 19 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Callaqui [2012 Jan 2] [2012 Jan 2] Uncertain  
Cerro Hudson 2011 Oct 26 2011 Nov 1 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 2011 Jun 4 2012 Apr 21 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Planchon-Peteroa 2011 Feb 17 2011 Jun 26 ± 1 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Planchon-Peteroa 2010 Sep 6 2010 Oct 13 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 2009 Nov 22 2012 Apr 20 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 2009 Jan 29 2009 Mar 24 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Callaqui [2009 Jan 22] [2009 Jan 22] Uncertain  
Nevados de Chillan [2009 Jan 21] [2009 Jan 22] Uncertain  
Villarrica 2008 Oct 26 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Chaiten 2008 May 2 2011 May 31 ± 3 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 2008 Jan 1 2009 Jun 12 ± 4 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 2007 May 26 2007 Aug 8 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 2004 Aug 5 (?) 2007 Dec 24 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan 2003 Aug 29 2003 Sep 15 ± 5 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 2003 May 23 (?) 2004 Mar 25 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 2003 Apr 9 2003 Apr 16 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 2002 Oct 13 ± 12 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Copahue 2000 Jul 1 2000 Oct 18 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Planchon-Peteroa 1998 Nov 18 1998 Nov 21 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1998 Nov 10 ± 3 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1998 Apr 3 1998 Apr 23 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1998 Feb 24 ± 4 days 2002 Jun 16 (?) ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1997 Mar 16 (?) ± 15 days 1997 Oct 16 (?) ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1996 Sep 14 1997 Aug 16 ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1996 Jan 16 ± 15 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1995 Oct 13 1995 Oct 22 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Copahue 1995 Sep 16 ± 15 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1995 Apr 15 ± 5 days 1995 Jun 2 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Copahue 1994 Dec 16 ± 15 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1994 Sep 26 1994 Dec 30 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1994 May 17 1994 Aug 30 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tinguiririca [1994 Jan 15] [1994 Jan 15] Uncertain  
Villarrica 1992 Sep 11 1992 Dec 16 (in or after) ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1992 Aug 23 1992 Sep 2 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Copahue 1992 Jul 22 1993 Jul 2 ± 182 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1991 Aug 30 1991 Sep 17 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Hudson 1991 Aug 8 1991 Oct 27 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Planchon-Peteroa 1991 Feb 9 1991 Mar 2 ± 2 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 1990 Jul 2 ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1990 Feb 25 1990 Nov 25 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lonquimay 1988 Dec 25 1990 Jan 24 ± 1 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tupungatito 1987 Nov 28 1987 Nov 30 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tupungatito 1986 Jan 20 1986 Jan 20 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1984 Aug 11 1985 Nov 18 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1984 Apr 20 1984 Nov 26 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1983 Oct 14 1983 Oct 16 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Callaqui 1980 Oct 16 ± 15 days 1980 Oct 16 ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1980 Jun 20 1980 Sep 24 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tupungatito 1980 Jan 10 1980 Jan 11 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1979 Oct 15 1979 Nov 28 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Carran-Los Venados 1979 Apr 14 1979 May 20 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1977 Jan 26 1977 Jan 30 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan 1973 Jul 16 ± 15 days 1986 Jul 2 ± 182 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Calbuco 1972 Aug 26 1972 Aug 26 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan [1972 Jul 2 ± 182 days] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Llaima 1971 Dec 1 ± 30 days 1972 Mar 12 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1971 Oct 29 1972 Feb 21 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Hudson 1971 Aug 12 1971 Sep 18 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tupungatito 1968 Jul 2 ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Azul 1967 Aug 9 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Planchon-Peteroa [1967 Feb 16 ± 15 days] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Nevados de Chillan [1965 Jul 2 ± 182 days] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Tupungatito 1964 Aug 3 1964 Sep 19 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1964 Jul 2 ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1964 Mar 2 1964 Apr 21 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1963 Feb 25 (?) 1963 Sep 21 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Planchon-Peteroa 1962 Jan 16 ± 15 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Copahue 1961 Jul 2 ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1961 Jul 2 ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tupungatito 1961 May 5 ± 4 days 1961 Aug 16 (in or after) ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Calbuco 1961 Feb 1 1961 Mar 26 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tupungatito 1960 Jul 15 ± 5 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Planchon-Peteroa 1960 Jul 10 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
San Jose 1960 Jul 2 ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Copahue 1960 Jul 2 ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica [1960 Jul 2 ± 182 days] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Llaima [1960 Jul 2 ± 182 days] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 1960 May 24 1960 Jul 30 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Planchon-Peteroa 1959 Nov 6 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tupungatito 1959 Oct 16 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
San Jose 1959 Jul 2 ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tupungatito 1959 Mar 26 ± 5 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1958 Nov 6 1959 Dec 21 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tupungatito 1958 Jan 16 ± 15 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1956 Oct 3 1956 Nov 16 ± 45 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1955 Oct 22 1957 Nov 16 ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Carran-Los Venados 1955 Jul 27 1955 Nov 12 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica [1950 Jul 2 ± 182 days] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Llaima 1949 Sep Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Azul 1949 Apr 15 ± 5 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1948 Oct 9 1949 Feb 3 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1948 Apr 10 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1947 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1946 Jul 23 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan 1946 1947 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tupungatito 1946 1947 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1945 Mar 31 1945 Apr 3 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Calbuco 1945 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan [1945] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Copahue 1944 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1944 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1942 Jun 9 1942 Nov Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1941 Jun 23 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lonquimay [1940 Feb] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Villarrica 1938 Dec 1 ± 30 days 1939 Feb 1 ± 30 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1938 Dec Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Planchon-Peteroa 1938 Sep 1938 Oct Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica [1938 Feb 11] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Callaqui [1937 Sep 18] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Mocho-Choshuenco 1937 Jun 16 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Planchon-Peteroa 1937 Apr 1937 May 5 ± 4 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1937 Feb 9 (?) 1937 Nov 2 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Copahue 1937 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1935 Dec 1 ± 30 days 1936 Jun 27 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan 1935 Jul 2 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 1934 Mar 6 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan 1934 Jan 17 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1933 Jan 5 1933 Jan 18 ± 12 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lonquimay 1933 Jan 4 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Azul 1933 1938 Jul 25 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1932 Dec 31 1933 Jan 5 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Descabezado Grande 1932 Jun 5 ± 5 days 1933 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1932 Mar 2 1932 Mar 2 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Calbuco 1932 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1930 Jul 6 1930 Aug 20 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Puntiagudo-Cordon Cenizos [1930] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Villarrica 1929 Dec 27 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1929 Dec Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 1929 Jan 7 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Calbuco 1929 Jan 6 1929 Jan 6 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan 1928 Nov 30 1929 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1927 Oct 5 1927 Dec 5 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan 1927 Apr 10 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1927 1928 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tupungatito 1925 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan [1923] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Llaima 1922 Oct 24 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1922 Oct 24 1922 Nov 27 ± 20 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 1921 Dec 13 1922 Feb 12 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica [1921 Dec 10] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Villarrica 1920 Dec 10 1920 Dec 13 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Huequi 1920 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica [1919] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 1919 1920 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Calbuco 1917 Apr 1917 May Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1917 Feb 4 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tinguiririca 1917 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Azul 1916 1932 Apr 21 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1915 1918 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Michinmahuida [1915 ± 25 years] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Cerro Azul 1914 Sep 8 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1914 Jul 3 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 1914 Feb 8 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan 1914 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Azul [1913 Jan 15 ± 45 days] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Cerro Azul 1912 Feb Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Maipo 1912 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1912 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Calbuco 1911 1912 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1909 Aug 19 1910 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Calbuco 1909 Mar Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1908 Oct 31 1908 Dec 12 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Maipo [1908] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Cerro Azul 1907 Jul 28 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1907 May 5 ± 4 days 1907 May 26 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Calbuco 1907 Apr 22 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Carran-Los Venados 1907 Apr 9 1908 Feb (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tupungatito 1907 Feb 15 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1907 1908 Mar Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan 1907 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan 1906 Aug 6 1906 Dec Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1906 Apr 22 1906 Dec Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Azul 1906 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Calbuco 1906 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Huequi 1906 1907 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Maipo 1905 Oct 28 1905 Oct 30 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 1905 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1904 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1903 May 12 1903 May 14 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Azul [1903 Jan] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Villarrica 1902 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Tupungatito 1901 Apr Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Huequi 1900 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan 1898 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1897 Dec 1 ± 30 days 1898 Feb 1 ± 30 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tupungatito 1897 Jan 1897 Apr 12 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Huequi 1896 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
San Jose 1895 1897 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1895 1896 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Calbuco 1894 Nov 16 1895 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1893 Dec 1 ± 30 days 1894 Feb 1 ± 30 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1893 Dec 1894 Dec Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan 1893 Mar 4 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Calbuco 1893 Jan 7 1894 Jan 16 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Huequi 1893 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 1893 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1892 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan 1891 Feb Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Hudson 1891 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Huequi 1890 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1890 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Planchon-Peteroa 1889 Sep 1894 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1889 Apr 20 1889 Jul Confirmed   Observations: Reported
San Jose 1889 1890 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tupungatito 1889 1890 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lonquimay 1887 Jun 2 1890 Jan Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1887 Jan 16 1887 Jun 24 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan [1883 Jan 21] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Llaima 1883 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1883 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tupungatito [1881] [Unknown] Uncertain  
San Jose 1881 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Maipo [1881] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Villarrica 1880 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1879 Feb 2 1879 Mar Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Planchon-Peteroa 1878 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1877 Mar 12 1877 May Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan 1877 Feb 12 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1877 Jan 16 1877 Jun 24 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1875 Nov 17 1876 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1875 1876 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1874 Apr 16 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima [1874] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Nevados de Chillan 1872 Jul 22 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1872 Jun 6 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Quetrupillan [1872 Jun 6] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Planchon-Peteroa [1872] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Villarrica 1871 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Maipo [1869 Aug 24] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Llaima 1869 Apr Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1869 Feb 4 1869 Feb 24 ± 4 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Osorno 1869 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Antuco 1869 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Planchon-Peteroa [1869] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Copahue 1867 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica [1867] [1868] Uncertain  
Llaima 1866 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan 1864 Nov 30 1865 Feb 3 ± 1 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Mocho-Choshuenco 1864 Nov 1 1864 Nov 3 ± 1 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1864 Oct Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Callaqui [1864 Oct] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Llaima 1864 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Antuco 1863 Dec Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Antuco [1862 Jan] [1862 Mar 3] Uncertain  
Llaima 1862 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan 1861 Jun 1863 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Antuco 1861 Feb (?) 1861 Aug (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tupungatito 1861 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan 1860 Jul 25 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Planchon-Peteroa 1860 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1859 May 19 1860 Apr 12 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Osorno 1855 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1853 Nov Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lonquimay 1853 Feb Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Antuco 1852 Nov 1853 Jan Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1852 1853 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica [1852] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Osorno 1851 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Puntiagudo-Cordon Cenizos 1850 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1850 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Antuco [1848] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Cerro Azul 1846 Nov 26 1853 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Antuco 1845 Feb 26 1845 Mar 1 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Planchon-Peteroa [1842] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Villarrica 1841 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Antuco [1839] [Unknown] Uncertain  
San Jose 1838 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Osorno 1837 Nov 7 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1837 Nov 7 1837 Nov 21 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Planchon-Peteroa 1837 Feb Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Maipo [1837] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Villarrica 1836 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Corcovado [1835 Nov 11] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Michinmahuida 1835 Feb 20 1835 Mar 15 ± 5 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Yanteles [1835 Feb 20] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Hornopiren [1835] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Maipo [1835] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Planchon-Peteroa 1835 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tupungatito [1835] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Osorno 1834 Nov 29 1835 Feb 24 ± 4 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Michinmahuida 1834 Nov 25 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Corcovado [1834 Nov] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Maipo [1833] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Villarrica 1832 Dec 24 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Maipo [1831 Feb 16] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Maipo 1829 Sep 26 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tupungatito 1829 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Antuco 1828 Dec 18 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Maipo 1826 Mar 1 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1826 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1822 Nov 19 1822 Nov 25 ± 5 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
San Jose 1822 Nov 19 1838 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Maipo [1822] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Tromen Volcanic Plateau 1822 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1822 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Antuco 1820 1821 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1815 1818 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Antuco 1806 May (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1806 Apr 1806 May Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1798 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Calbuco 1792 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Osorno 1790 Mar 9 1791 Dec 26 ± 5 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1790 Jan 1801 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Maipo [1788] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Villarrica 1787 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1780 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1777 1779 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica [1775] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Michinmahuida [1775 ± 40 years] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Villarrica 1771 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1767 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Osorno 1765 ± 14 years Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Planchon-Peteroa 1762 Dec 3 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1761 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1759 Dec 1759 Dec Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1759 Dec Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Copahue [1759 (?)] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 1759 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Antuco 1752 Jan 31 1752 Feb 1 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan 1752 Jan 30 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tromen Volcanic Plateau 1751 Dec 31 ± 365 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Callaqui 1751 Dec 31 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llaima 1751 Dec 18 1752 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1751 Dec 14 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Planchon-Peteroa 1751 Nov 1751 Dec Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Copahue 1750 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Antuco 1750 ± 10 years Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Huanquihue Group 1750 ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Nevados de Chillan 1749 (?) 1751 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1745 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1742 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Michinmahuida 1742 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cerro Hudson 1740 ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Villarrica 1737 Dec 24 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1730 Jul 8 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1721 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Osorno 1719 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1716 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1715 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Mentolat 1710 ± 5 years Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1709 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1708 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1705 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Huequi 1695 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Villarrica 1688 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1682 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1675 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1672 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1669 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Planchon-Peteroa 1660 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1657 Mar 15 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados de Chillan 1650 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Michinmahuida [1650 ± 50 years] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Villarrica 1647 May 13 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1645 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Osorno 1644 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1642 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica [1640 Feb 3] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Llaima 1640 Feb Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Osorno 1640 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Chaiten 1640 ± 18 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Villarrica 1638 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1632 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1625 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1617 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1612 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1610 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1604 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Calbuco 1600 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Villarrica 1600 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1594 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1584 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1582 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1579 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Osorno 1575 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1564 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1562 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Maca 1560 ± 110 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Villarrica 1558 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Villarrica 1553 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Michinmahuida 1550 ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Villarrica 1543 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1539 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1538 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1537 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1526 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1523 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1521 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1516 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1515 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1509 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1503 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1497 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1494 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1492 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1483 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1479 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1474 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1471 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1466 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1463 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1454 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1448 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1433 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1417 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1413 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1410 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1404 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1392 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1388 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Villarrica 1384 Unknown Confirmed   Sidereal: Varve Count
Calbuco 1380 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Osorno 1310 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Sollipulli 1240 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Osorno 1220 ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 1220 ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 1140 ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Yate 1090 ± 60 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Osorno 0910 ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Planchon-Peteroa 0900 ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 0860 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Cerro Hudson 0860 ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Calbuco 0710 ± 60 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Michinmahuida 0700 ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Lanin 0560 ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Calbuco 0520 ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 0500 ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Osorno 0420 ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Maca 0410 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Lanin 0400 ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Cerro Hudson 0390 ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Hornopiren 0340 ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Villarrica 0330 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Quetrupillan 0255 ± 48 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Calbuco 0220 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Melimoyu 0200 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Calbuco 0160 ± 135 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 0140 ± 300 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 0110 ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Villarrica 0110 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Lanin 0090 ± 300 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Calbuco 0040 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Quetrupillan 0035 ± 35 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Laguna del Maule 0050 BCE (in or before) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Uranium-series
Lanin 0080 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Calbuco 0100 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cerro Hudson 0120 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cayutue-La Vigueria 0190 BCE (?) ± 190 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Osorno 0210 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Lanin 0220 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Antillanca Volcanic Complex 0230 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Copahue 0250 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Laguna del Maule 0250 BCE Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Ar/Ar
Nevados de Chillan 0320 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Calbuco 0330 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 0490 BCE ± 300 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Lanin 0590 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Apagado 0590 BCE ± 175 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Villarrica 0670 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cerro Hudson 0790 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Melimoyu 0820 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Sollipulli 0920 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Antillanca Volcanic Complex 0960 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 0990 BCE ± 500 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Villarrica 1080 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Villarrica 1230 BCE ± 40 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 1490 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Nevados de Chillan 1510 BCE ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Laguna del Maule 1550 BCE Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Ar/Ar
Osorno 1710 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Villarrica 1810 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cerro Hudson 1890 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Calbuco 1920 BCE ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Villarrica 1980 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Villarrica 2140 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Villarrica 2240 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cerro Hudson 2250 BCE (in or before) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Villarrica 2990 BCE ± 500 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Chaiten 3100 BCE ± 220 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 3250 BCE ± 2400 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Ar/Ar
Nevados de Chillan 3660 BCE ± 500 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Hornopiren 3720 BCE ± 175 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Villarrica 3730 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cerro Hudson 3890 BCE ± 500 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Tolhuaca 4000 BCE (after) Unknown Confirmed   Uncertain
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 4230 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Calbuco 4300 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 4450 BCE ± 900 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Ar/Ar
Laguna del Maule 4450 BCE Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Ar/Ar
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 4460 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 4690 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Cerro Hudson 4750 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Tolhuaca 4885 BCE ± 243 years Unknown Confirmed   Uncertain
Nevado de Longavi 4890 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Corcovado 4920 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cerro Hudson 4960 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Mentolat 5010 BCE ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Calbuco 5030 BCE ± 180 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Caburgua-Huelemolle 5050 BCE ± 1000 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Payun Matru 5050 BCE ± 1000 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: K/Ar
Planchon-Peteroa 5080 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Puyehue-Cordon Caulle 5080 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Llaima 5290 BCE ± 180 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Tolhuaca 5371 BCE ± 243 years Unknown Confirmed   Uncertain
Michinmahuida 5500 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Calbuco 5820 BCE ± 880 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Tolhuaca 5857 BCE ± 243 years Unknown Confirmed   Uncertain
Corcovado 6030 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Calbuco 6300 BCE ± 1035 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Lanin 6340 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Corcovado 6640 BCE ± 770 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Yanteles 6650 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Chaiten 6650 BCE ± 1300 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Villarrica 6690 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Calbuco 6760 BCE ± 825 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Copahue 6820 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Llaima 6880 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Nevados de Chillan 6890 BCE ± 500 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Infiernillo 6890 BCE ± 40 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Yanteles 7240 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Llaima 7410 BCE ± 300 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Villarrica 7520 BCE ± 900 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Calbuco 7550 BCE ± 45 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Antuco 7750 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Chaiten 7750 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Calbuco 7930 BCE ± 275 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Calbuco 7990 BCE ± 290 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Cerro Hudson 8010 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Calbuco 8100 BCE ± 1300 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Calbuco 8210 BCE ± 290 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Calbuco 8320 BCE ± 250 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Michinmahuida 8400 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Calbuco 8460 BCE ± 155 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Lanin 9240 BCE ± 500 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Quetrupillan 10658 BCE ± 29 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Quetrupillan 11345 BCE ± 932 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

Central Andean Volcanic Arc

Volcano Name Start Date Stop Date Certainty VEI Evidence
Ubinas 2024 May 6 2024 Aug 16 (continuing) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Ubinas 2023 Jun 22 2023 Dec 15 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 2022 Dec 10 2023 Feb 3 ± 1 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Ubinas 2019 Jun 24 2019 Sep 12 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sabancaya 2016 Nov 6 2024 Aug 16 (continuing) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Ubinas 2016 Sep 13 2017 Mar 2 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 2015 Oct 30 2017 Apr 2 ± 1 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sabancaya 2015 Mar 8 2015 Dec 12 Confirmed   Observations: Aviation
Sabancaya [2014 Aug 5] [2014 Dec 27] Uncertain  
Ubinas 2013 Sep 1 2016 Feb 27 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 2013 Apr 2 2013 Nov 20 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Ubinas [2010 Jul 18] [2010 Jul 18] Uncertain  
Lascar 2006 Apr 18 2007 Jul 18 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Ubinas 2006 Mar 25 (?) 2009 Jul 4 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 2005 May 4 2005 May 4 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar [2003 Dec 9] [2003 Dec 9] Uncertain  
Sabancaya 2003 Jul 30 ± 1 days 2003 Jul 31 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 2002 Oct 26 2002 Oct 27 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar [2001 May 17 (?)] [2001 Jul 5 (?)] Uncertain  
Lascar 2000 Jul 20 2001 Jan 18 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sabancaya 2000 Apr 16 (?) ± 15 days 2000 Oct 29 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 1996 Oct 18 1996 Oct 18 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Irruputuncu 1995 Sep 1 1995 Sep 26 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 1994 Nov 13 1995 Jul 20 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 1994 Jul 20 1994 Jul 26 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 1993 Dec 17 1994 Feb 27 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevados Ojos del Salado [1993 Nov 14] [1993 Nov 14] Uncertain  
Aracar [1993 Mar 28] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Lascar 1993 Jan 30 1993 Aug 16 ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 1991 Oct 21 1992 May 23 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 1990 Nov 24 1990 Nov 24 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sabancaya 1990 May 28 1998 Sep 16 (?) ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Pular [1990 Apr 24] [1990 Apr 24] Uncertain  
Irruputuncu [1989 Dec 16 ± 15 days] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Sabancaya 1988 Jun 22 1988 Oct 16 (?) ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 1987 Nov 16 (in or before) ± 15 days 1990 Apr 6 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sabancaya [1987 Aug 7] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Sabancaya 1986 Dec 16 ± 15 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 1986 Sep 14 1986 Sep 16 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guallatiri [1985 Dec 1] [Unknown] Uncertain  
El Misti 1985 Jul 2 ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 1984 Dec 16 ± 15 days 1985 Jul 16 ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar [1974 Jul 16 ± 15 days] [1974 Sep 16 ± 15 days] Uncertain  
Lascar [1972 Jul 2 ± 182 days] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Putana [1972 Jul 2 ± 182 days] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Ubinas 1969 Jun 16 ± 15 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 1969 May 16 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
San Pedro-San Pablo [1960 Dec 2] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Guallatiri 1960 Dec 2 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Isluga [1960 Jul 2 ± 182 days] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Lascar 1959 Nov 16 ± 15 days 1968 Jan 31 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guallatiri 1959 Jul 15 ± 5 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Ubinas 1956 May 16 ± 15 days 1956 Oct 21 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 1954 Jun 16 ± 15 days 1954 Jul 16 ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 1951 Nov 16 ± 15 days 1952 Feb 19 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Ubinas 1951 Jul 23 ± 8 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 1940 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
San Pedro-San Pablo [1938 Feb] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Tacora [1937 Aug 5] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Ubinas 1937 Jun Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 1933 Oct 9 1933 Dec Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tacora [1930] [Unknown] Uncertain  
San Pedro-San Pablo [1923] [Unknown] Uncertain  
San Pedro-San Pablo [1917] [Unknown] Uncertain  
San Pedro-San Pablo [1916] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Andahua-Orcopampa [1913 Mar 6] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Guallatiri 1913 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Isluga 1913 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
San Pedro-San Pablo [1911 Sep] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Guallatiri [1908] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Ubinas 1907 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Ubinas 1906 Oct Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Ollague [1903 Dec 8] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Tutupaca [1902 Jun] [1902 Nov] Uncertain  
Lascar 1902 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
San Pedro-San Pablo [1901 May 25] [1901 Aug] Uncertain  
Lascar 1898 1900 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
San Pedro-San Pablo [1891 (?)] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Isluga 1885 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 1883 1885 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Isluga 1878 Feb Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llullaillaco 1877 May Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Isluga 1877 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
San Pedro-San Pablo [1877 (?)] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Lascar 1875 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
El Misti [1870 Mar] [Unknown] Uncertain  
San Pedro-San Pablo [1870] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Ubinas 1869 Oct Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
El Misti [1869 Sep] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Isluga 1869 Aug Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llullaillaco 1868 Sep Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Isluga 1868 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Ubinas 1867 May 24 1867 May 28 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Ubinas 1865 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Olca-Paruma [1865] [1867] Uncertain  
Isluga 1863 Aug Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tutupaca [1862 Apr] [1862 May] Uncertain  
Ubinas 1862 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 1858 Apr 1858 Dec Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Llullaillaco 1854 Feb 10 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar 1854 Jan 20 1854 Jan 30 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Lascar [1853] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Lascar 1848 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
El Misti [1831 Aug] [Unknown] Uncertain  
El Misti [1830 Aug] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Ubinas 1830 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
El Misti [1826 Aug] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Ubinas [1826] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Guallatiri 1825 ± 25 years Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Putana 1810 ± 10 years Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tutupaca 1802 Mar 20 1802 Aug 20 ± 10 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Ticsani 1800 ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
El Misti 1787 Jul 28 1787 Oct 10 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tutupaca 1787 1789 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
El Misti 1784 Jul 9 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sabancaya 1784 Jul Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Ubinas 1784 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tutupaca [1780] [1780] Uncertain  
Sabancaya 1750 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
El Misti 1677 May 2 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Ubinas 1677 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Ubinas 1667 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Ubinas 1662 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Huaynaputina 1600 Feb 17 ± 1 days 1600 Mar 6 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Ubinas [1600] [Unknown] Uncertain  
El Misti [1599] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Ubinas 1550 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
El Misti [1542] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Andahua-Orcopampa 1490 ± 40 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
El Misti 1454 ± 16 years Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
El Misti 1350 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Sabancaya 1350 ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Ubinas 1082 ± 82 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
El Misti 0760 ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Nevados Ojos del Salado 0750 ± 250 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Parinacota 0290 ± 300 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure
Parinacota 0090 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Anthropology
El Misti 0090 ± 300 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
El Misti 0080 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
El Misti 0310 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Taapaca 0320 BCE ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Huambo 0700 BCE ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Andahua-Orcopampa 0940 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Parinacota 1100 BCE ± 500 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure
Yucamane 1320 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Taapaca 1580 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Taapaca 1860 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Andahua-Orcopampa 2110 BCE ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
El Misti 2230 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Cerro Blanco 2300 BCE ± 160 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Taapaca 2400 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Taapaca 2950 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Sabancaya 3490 BCE ± 40 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
El Misti 3510 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
El Misti 4020 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Parinacota 4320 BCE ± 1200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure
Kimsachata-Oroscocha 4450 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Taapaca 4620 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Lascar 5150 BCE ± 1250 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Cosmic Ray Exposure
Socompa 5250 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
El Misti 5390 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Taapaca 5490 BCE ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Parinacota 5840 BCE ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Sabancaya 6600 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Ubinas 6850 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
El Misti 7190 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Lascar 7250 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Huaynaputina 7750 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Taapaca 7900 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Parinacota 7950 BCE Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: Ar/Ar
Ubinas 8560 BCE ± 300 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)

Northern Andean Volcanic Arc

Volcano Name Start Date Stop Date Certainty VEI Evidence
Purace 2023 Nov 16 2023 Nov 16 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 2022 Oct 21 2023 Jul 6 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 2022 Mar 29 2022 Mar 29 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sangay 2019 Mar 26 2024 Aug 16 (continuing) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sangay 2018 Aug 8 2018 Dec 7 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sangay 2018 Feb 25 2018 Feb 25 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sangay 2017 Jul 20 2017 Oct 19 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sangay 2016 Mar 17 ± 2 days 2016 Nov 17 Confirmed   Observations: Satellite (infrared)
Cotopaxi 2015 Aug 14 2016 Jan 24 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sangay 2015 Jan 18 2015 Apr 7 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevado del Ruiz 2014 Nov 18 2024 Aug 16 (continuing) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sangay 2013 Jan 25 2013 May 24 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tungurahua 2012 Dec 14 2016 Mar 16 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 2012 May 13 2014 Jan 30 ± 1 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevado del Ruiz 2012 Feb 22 2013 Jul 12 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tungurahua 2011 Nov 27 2012 Sep 4 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sangay 2011 Jun 6 2012 Sep 19 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tungurahua 2011 Apr 20 2011 May 26 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras [2011 Mar 31] [2011 Apr 1] Uncertain  
Tungurahua 2010 Nov 22 2011 Jan 2 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 2010 Aug 25 2010 Aug 25 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tungurahua 2010 Jan 1 2010 Aug 1 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha [2009 Feb 16] [2009 Feb 17] Uncertain  
Nevado del Huila 2008 Oct 26 (?) 2012 Jan 14 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 2008 Oct 21 (?) 2010 Jan 2 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 2008 Jul 27 2024 Aug 16 (continuing) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha [2008 Feb 1] [2008 Feb 1] Uncertain  
Nevado del Huila 2008 Jan 2 2008 Apr 16 (?) ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 2007 Oct 4 2008 Jan 17 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 2007 Mar 15 ± 7 days 2007 Oct 11 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevado del Huila 2007 Feb 19 2007 May 28 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 2005 Nov 24 2006 Jul 12 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 2004 Nov 7 ± 3 days 2006 Mar 16 ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 2004 Jul 16 2005 Feb 7 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha [2003 Apr 17 (in or before)] [2003 Apr 17] Uncertain  
Reventador 2002 Nov 3 2003 Jan 10 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha 2002 Oct 11 2002 Dec 7 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 2002 Jun 7 2002 Jun 7 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha 2002 Apr 16 ± 15 days 2002 Apr 16 ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha 2001 Nov 26 2001 Nov 26 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 2000 Mar 21 2000 May 18 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tungurahua 1999 Oct 5 2009 Jul 8 ± 7 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha 1998 Aug 7 2001 May 25 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha 1997 Mar 16 ± 15 days 1997 Oct 18 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevado del Ruiz [1994 Apr 23] [1994 Apr 23] Uncertain  
Tungurahua [1993 May 6] [1993 May 6] Uncertain  
Guagua Pichincha 1993 Mar 9 1993 Mar 12 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 1993 Jan 14 1993 Jun 7 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha 1990 Apr 16 1990 May 10 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 1990 Jan 7 1992 Jul 16 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 1989 Feb 19 1989 May 9 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevado del Ruiz 1985 Sep 11 1991 Jul 13 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha 1985 May 16 ± 15 days 1985 Jun 16 ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevado del Ruiz 1984 Dec 22 1985 Mar 19 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha 1981 Aug 31 ± 5 days 1982 Nov 16 (?) ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1977 Mar 19 1977 Mar 28 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 1976 Jan 4 1976 May 16 ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 1974 Jul 2 ± 182 days 1983 Jul 2 (?) ± 182 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 1973 Nov 16 ± 15 days 1974 Jul 16 ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras [1973 May 16 ± 15 days] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Reventador 1972 Jul 16 ± 15 days 1972 Sep 16 ± 15 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 1960 Jun 16 ± 15 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 1958 Nov 16 ± 15 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1957 Jul 2 ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1956 Jul 2 (in or before) ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 1955 Jul 2 ± 182 days Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 1950 Jan 12 1950 Sep 5 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1949 May 26 1949 Jun 11 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras [1947 Jul 15] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Purace 1947 Apr 27 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1946 Mar 1946 Apr Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 1944 Feb 24 1944 Mar 1 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tungurahua [1944] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Nevado del Tolima 1943 Mar Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi [1942 Feb 17] [1942 Feb 19] Uncertain  
Cotopaxi 1940 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1939 Feb 2 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 1936 Aug 27 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Chiles-Cerro Negro 1936 Jul 17 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 1936 Feb 9 1936 Aug 27 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sangay 1934 Aug 8 2011 Mar 2 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sumaco [1933 Feb] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Galeras [1933] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Galeras 1932 Oct 10 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1931 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras [1930 Apr 17] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Reventador 1929 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1927 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cumbal 1926 Dec 20 1926 Dec 21 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1926 Aug 1926 Sep Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 1926 Jan 5 ± 4 days 1926 May Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1926 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1925 Oct 12 1925 Nov 5 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 1924 Oct 1927 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1924 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 1923 Dec 8 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1922 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tungurahua 1916 Mar 3 1925 Dec 1 ± 30 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevado del Ruiz 1916 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 1912 Feb 1912 Mar Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1908 1914 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1907 Jun Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1906 Aug 21 1906 Sep 19 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1906 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1905 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1903 Sep 26 1904 Dec Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1902 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tungurahua [1900] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Purace 1899 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 1898 Apr 8 1906 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Dona Juana 1897 Nov 1 1906 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sumaco 1895 ± 30 years Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1895 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 1894 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 1891 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 1889 Jul 3 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tungurahua 1886 Jan 11 1888 ± 1 years Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1886 Jan Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1885 Jul 23 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1885 May 25 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tungurahua 1885 Jan (?) 1885 Oct 16 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1883 Dec Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1883 Aug Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1882 Jan 1882 Mar Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha 1881 Mar 10 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1881 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1880 Feb 1880 Jul Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1879 Feb 26 1879 Jun 19 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1878 Aug 31 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1878 Aug 23 1878 Aug 24 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cumbal 1877 Dec Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1877 Jan 1877 Sep 2 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 1871 Jan 30 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1870 Oct Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1870 1876 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1869 Oct 4 1869 Nov Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha 1869 Jul 22 1869 Aug 24 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1869 Jul 1869 Aug Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha 1869 Mar Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1868 Aug 15 1868 Aug 16 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha 1868 Aug Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha 1868 Mar 19 1868 Mar 22 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1867 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1866 Sep 21 1866 Sep 26 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 1865 Oct 2 1870 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1863 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1860 1862 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1860 ± 9 years Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1859 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1858 Nov 1858 Dec Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tungurahua 1857 Sep 10 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1857 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 1856 Dec 12 1856 Dec 13 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1856 Oct 1856 Dec Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1856 May Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1855 Nov Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1854 Sep 14 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1854 Apr 3 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1853 Sep 13 1853 Sep 15 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1852 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1851 Jun Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1850 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1847 Oct 27 1852 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1845 Apr Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevado del Ruiz 1845 Feb 19 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 1844 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1844 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 1843 Dec 7 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 1843 (in or before) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1840 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras [1836] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Purace 1835 Jan 23 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 1834 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevado del Ruiz [1833] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Nevado del Ruiz 1831 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha 1831 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha 1830 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevado del Ruiz 1829 Jun 18 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 1828 Oct 24 1834 Mar Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevado del Ruiz 1828 Jun Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1827 Nov 18 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevado del Tolima 1826 May 1826 Jun 17 (in or after) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevado del Ruiz [1826] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Nevado del Tolima 1825 Mar 2 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 1823 Jun 17 1823 Jun 24 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevado del Tolima 1822 Nov (?) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Purace 1816 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevado del Ruiz 1805 Mar 14 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1803 Jan 4 1803 Jan 5 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Antisana 1801 (?) 1802 May (?) Confirmed   Unknown
Quilotoa [1797 Feb 4] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Reventador 1797 Jan Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 1796 Nov 1801 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cayambe 1785 Feb 1786 Mar Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tungurahua [1781] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Tungurahua [1777] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Tungurahua 1776 Jan 3 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tungurahua 1773 Feb 4 1773 Jul (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Chacana 1773 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1768 Apr 4 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1766 Feb 10 1766 Dec Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Chacana 1760 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Quilotoa [1759] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Tungurahua [1757] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Galeras 1754 1756 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1750 Sep 2 ± 1 days 1750 Sep 4 ± 1 days Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Antisana 1748 (in or before) Unknown Confirmed   Unknown
Cotopaxi 1747 1749 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1746 Feb Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1744 May 1744 Dec Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1743 Sep 27 1743 Oct 4 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1743 Apr Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1742 Dec 9 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1742 Jun 15 1742 Jul Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Quilotoa [1740 Dec] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Cotopaxi 1740 1741 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1738 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sangay 1728 Sep 30 ± 30 days 1916 (in or before) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Antisana [1728] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Quilotoa [1725] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Cerro Bravo 1720 ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Cayambe 1700 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Cotopaxi 1698 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 1691 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 1670 1736 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha 1660 Oct 27 1660 Nov 28 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sumaco [1650 ± 50 years] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Tungurahua 1644 1646 (?) Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 1641 1643 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Tungurahua 1640 1641 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Sangay 1628 Oct Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevado del Ruiz 1623 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 1616 Jul 4 1616 Jul 4 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevado del Ruiz 1595 Mar 9 (in or before) Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 1590 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cayambe 1590 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Guagua Pichincha 1582 Jun 5 1598 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Galeras 1580 Dec 7 1580 Dec 7 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha [1580] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Guagua Pichincha [1577] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Guagua Pichincha 1575 Sep 8 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cayambe 1570 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Nevado del Ruiz 1570 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha 1566 Oct 17 1566 Nov 16 Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha [1560] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Tungurahua 1557 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevado del Huila 1555 ± 5 years Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Reventador 1541 Apr Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Nevado del Ruiz [1541] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Guagua Pichincha [1539] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Guagua Pichincha [1538] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Guagua Pichincha [1535] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Galeras 1535 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cotopaxi 1534 Jun 1534 Jul Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha [1534] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Cotopaxi 1533 Oct 1533 Nov Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Guagua Pichincha [1533] [Unknown] Uncertain  
Cotopaxi 1532 Nov 15 Unknown Confirmed   Observations: Reported
Cayambe 1440 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Nevado del Ruiz 1350 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cotopaxi 1350 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Tungurahua 1350 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Cerro Bravo 1330 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cayambe 1290 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Quilotoa 1280 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Cayambe 1270 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Cotopaxi 1260 ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Tungurahua 1250 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Machin 1180 ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Cotopaxi 1130 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cerro Bravo 1050 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cayambe 1040 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Tungurahua 1030 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cotopaxi 0950 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Guagua Pichincha 0930 ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Galeras 0890 ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Cayambe 0880 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Tungurahua 0800 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cotopaxi 0770 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cerro Bravo 0750 ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Machin 0750 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cotopaxi 0740 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Tungurahua 0730 ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Nevado del Ruiz 0675 ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cuicocha 0650 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Tungurahua 0600 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cotopaxi 0550 ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Chimborazo 0550 ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Guagua Pichincha 0550 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Tungurahua 0480 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cotopaxi 0370 ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Tungurahua 0350 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Nevado del Ruiz 0350 ± 300 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Pululahua 0290 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Chimborazo 0270 ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Cayambe 0260 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Nevado del Tolima 0260 ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Cayambe 0200 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Tungurahua 0200 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cotopaxi 0180 ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cayambe 0170 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Cotopaxi 0150 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Tungurahua 0100 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cotopaxi 0070 ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Guagua Pichincha 0070 ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Cayambe 0010 (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Chacana 0050 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Cotopaxi 0050 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Tungurahua 0050 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Tungurahua 0100 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Purace 0160 BCE ± 50 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cayambe 0180 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Nevado del Tolima 0200 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Nevado del Ruiz 0200 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cayambe 0230 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Cotopaxi 0230 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cayambe 0260 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Tungurahua 0270 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Atacazo 0320 BCE ± 16 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cotopaxi 0400 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Pululahua 0450 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cayambe 0460 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Galeras 0490 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Tungurahua 0500 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cayambe 0510 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Cayambe 0560 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Nevado del Tolima 0610 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Machin 0650 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Pululahua 0690 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cerro Bravo 0730 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Santa Isabel 0850 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Nevado del Ruiz 0850 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Azufral 0930 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cuicocha 0950 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Tungurahua 1010 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cotopaxi 1050 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Cerro Bravo 1050 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Cuicocha 1150 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Galeras 1160 BCE ± 300 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Guagua Pichincha 1230 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Nevado del Ruiz 1245 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cayambe 1300 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Cerro Bravo 1310 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cotopaxi 1510 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Chacana 1580 BCE ± 10 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cayambe 1650 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Azufral 1650 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cayambe 1800 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Azufral 1850 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Guagua Pichincha 1860 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Nevado del Tolima 1990 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Cotopaxi 2050 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Guagua Pichincha 2090 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Azufral 2095 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Machin 2100 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Cotopaxi 2220 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Machin 2240 BCE ± 300 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Cotopaxi 2250 BCE Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Aliso 2450 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Atacazo 2490 BCE ± 40 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Chimborazo 2500 BCE ± 1500 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Cuicocha 2550 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Dona Juana 2550 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Galeras 2580 BCE ± 500 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Cotopaxi 2640 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Machin 2650 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Galeras 3150 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Cotopaxi 3280 BCE ± 500 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Atacazo 3490 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Guagua Pichincha 3500 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Nevado del Tolima 3500 BCE ± 300 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Santa Isabel 3550 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Chachimbiro 3740 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Machin 3800 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Cotopaxi 3880 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Chimborazo 4130 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Cerro Bravo 4280 BCE ± 150 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cotopaxi 4350 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Santa Isabel 4800 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Pululahua 4800 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Guagua Pichincha 4850 BCE ± 1350 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Nevado del Tolima 5160 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Nevado del Tolima 5310 BCE ± 100 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Romeral 5390 BCE ± 350 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Chimborazo 5410 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Santa Isabel 5500 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (calibrated)
Imbabura 5550 BCE ± 500 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Cotopaxi 5820 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Guagua Pichincha 6200 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Guagua Pichincha 6300 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Guagua Pichincha 6400 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Romeral 6510 BCE ± 200 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Guagua Pichincha 6650 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Soche 6650 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Nevado del Ruiz 6660 BCE (in or before) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Atacazo 6910 BCE (in or before) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Guagua Pichincha 7000 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Galeras 7050 BCE ± 1000 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Chimborazo 7500 BCE ± 2500 years Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology
Cotopaxi 7690 BCE ± 75 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Tungurahua 7750 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Nevado del Tolima 7800 BCE ± 300 years Unknown Confirmed   Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated)
Chacana 8050 BCE (?) Unknown Confirmed   Correlation: Tephrochronology

There are 135 Pleistocene volcanoes in the South America Volcanic Regions.

Southern Andean Volcanic Arc

Volcano Name Country Volcanic Landform
Cochiquito Volcanic Group Argentina Composite
Tralihue Argentina Composite
Trolon Argentina Minor
Laguna Marinaqui Chile Minor
Cerro Pantoja Chile-Argentina Composite
Tupungato Chile-Argentina Composite
Nevado de los Piuquenes Chile-Argentina Composite
Northern Mendoza Volcanic Field Argentina Cluster
Llancanelo Volcanic Field Argentina Cluster
Puelche Volcanic Field Chile Cluster
Sordo Lucas Chile Composite
Cerro Nevado Argentina Cluster
Auca Mahuida Volcanic Field Argentina Cluster
Sierra Nevada Chile Composite
Pino Hachado Argentina Caldera
Cerro Trautrén Chile-Argentina Composite
Cerro Maichín Chile Composite
Quinchilca Chile Composite
Cuernos del Diablo Chile Composite
Rio Murta Chile Minor
Domuyo Argentina Composite

Central Andean Volcanic Arc

Volcano Name Country Volcanic Landform
Yura Volcanic Field Peru Cluster
Huambutillo-Rumicola Peru Unknown
Nevados Firura Peru Composite
Solimana Peru Composite
Cerros Purupuruni Peru Minor
Tambo Quemado Bolivia Shield
Laguna Jayu Khota Bolivia Minor
Jatun Mundo Quri Warani Bolivia Minor
Pampa Luxsar Bolivia Cluster
Ollague Chile-Bolivia Composite
Cerro del Azufre Chile Composite
Inacalari Chile-Bolivia Composite
Cerro Overo Chile Minor
Negros de Aras Chile Cluster
Copiapo Chile Composite
Lexone Chile Minor
Nevado Anallajsi Bolivia Composite
Cerro Pucara Bolivia Cluster
Patilla Pata Bolivia Composite
Nevado del Sajama Bolivia Composite
Volcan Larancagua Chile Composite
Caquena Chile Minor
Vilacollo Chile Minor
Acotango Chile-Bolivia Composite
Arintica Chile Composite
Rochaculla-Inca Camacha Bolivia Composite
Cerro Tatajachura Chile Composite
Cerro Cariquima Chile Composite
Porquesa Chile Minor
Cerro Napa Chile Composite
Copa-Ocana Chile Composite
Aucanquilcha Chile Composite
Cerro San Agustin Bolivia Composite
Cañapa Chile Composite
Cerro Ascotan Chile Composite
Escala Bolivia Minor
Cerro Moiro Bolivia Minor
Cerro Chascon Bolivia Minor
Apagado Chile Composite
Paniri Chile Composite
Cerro del Leon Chile Composite
Deslinde Chile Composite
Volcan Linzor Chile-Bolivia Composite
Jorcada Bolivia Cluster
Quetena Bolivia Cluster
Sunequera Bolivia Shield
Volcan Tatio Chile Composite
El Volcan Chile Composite
Cerros de Tocorpuri Chile-Bolivia Composite
Cerro Zapaleri Chile Composite
Poquis Chile Composite
Curutu Chile Composite
Losloyo Chile Composite
Potor Chile Composite
Hecar Chile Composite
Laguna Verde Chile Composite
Cerro de Rio Negro Chile Composite
Tumisa Chile Composite
Lejia Chile Composite
Miscanti Chile Composite
Laco Chile Minor
Incaguasi Chile Unknown
Capur Chile Composite
Aguas Delgadas Chile Composite
Cerro de la Niebla Chile Composite
El Azufre Chile Unknown
Piedra Parada Chile Composite
San Francisco Chile Composite
Tres Cruces Chile Composite
Los Patos Chile Composite
Nevado Queva Argentina Unknown
Gemelos-Saladillo Argentina Minor
Antofalla Argentina Composite
Cerro Galan Argentina Caldera
Cerro Colorado Argentina Composite
Incapillo Argentina Caldera
San Pedro-San Pablo Chile Composite
Uturuncu Bolivia Composite
Tocomar Argentina Unknown

Northern Andean Volcanic Arc

Volcano Name Country Volcanic Landform
Unnamed Colombia Cluster
San Augustin-Isnos Colombia Cluster
Cutanga Colombia Caldera
Yanaurcu de Pinan Ecuador Composite
Pilavo Ecuador Composite
Cotacachi Ecuador Composite
Cusin Ecuador Composite
Chalpatan Ecuador Caldera
Chiltazon Ecuador Composite
Iguan Ecuador Composite
Pambamarca Ecuador Composite
Casitagua Ecuador Composite
Cerro Puntas Ecuador Composite
Ilalo Ecuador Composite
Pasochoa Ecuador Composite
Pan de Azucar Ecuador Composite
Sincholagua Ecuador Composite
Ruminahui Ecuador Composite
Corazon Ecuador Composite
Santa Cruz Ecuador Composite
Putzalagua Ecuador Minor
Sagoatoa Ecuador Composite
Llimpi Ecuador Composite
Puyo Ecuador Minor
Carihuairazo Ecuador Composite
Igualata Ecuador Composite
Calpi Ecuador Minor
Altar Ecuador Composite
Chalupas Ecuador Caldera
Animas Colombia Composite
Petacas Colombia Minor
San Diego Colombia Minor
El Escondido Colombia Minor
Santa Rosa Colombia Shield
Nevado del Quindio Colombia Composite