Saudi Arabia Volcanoes
Saudi Arabia has 8 Holocene volcanoes. Note that as a scientific organization we provide these listings for informational purposes only, with no international legal or policy implications. Volcanoes will be included on this list if they are within the boundaries of a country, on a shared boundary or area, in a remote territory, or within a maritime Exclusive Economic Zone. Bolded volcanoes have erupted within the past 20 years. Suggestions and data updates are always welcome ().
Volcano Name | Location | Last Eruption | Primary Volcano Type |
---|---|---|---|
Harrat Ash Shaam | Syria-Jordan-Saudi Arabia | 2670 BCE | Volcanic field |
Harrat al Birk | Southwest Saudi Arabia | Unknown - Evidence Credible | Volcanic field |
Harrat Ithnayn | Northwest Saudi Arabia | Unknown - Evidence Credible | Volcanic field |
Harrat Khaybar | Northwest Saudi Arabia | 650 CE | Volcanic field |
Harrat Kishb | West-Central Saudi Arabia | Unknown - Evidence Credible | Volcanic field |
Harrat Lunayyir | Northwest Saudi Arabia | 1000 CE | Volcanic field |
Harrat Rahat | Saudi Arabia | 1256 CE | Volcanic field |
Jabal Yar | Saudi Arabia | 1810 CE | Volcanic field |
Chronological listing of known Holocene eruptions (confirmed or uncertain) from volcanoes in Saudi Arabia. Bolded eruptions indicate continuing activity.
Volcano Name | Start Date | Stop Date | Certainty | VEI | Evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jabal Yar | 1810 ± 10 years | Unknown | Confirmed | 2 | Observations: Reported |
Harrat Rahat | [1292] | [Unknown] | Uncertain | ||
Harrat Rahat | 1256 Jun 5 | 1256 Jul 27 (?) | Confirmed | 3 | Observations: Reported |
Harrat Lunayyir | 1000 (in or before) | Unknown | Confirmed | Observations: Reported | |
Harrat Khaybar | 0650 ± 50 years | Unknown | Confirmed | 2 | Observations: Reported |
Harrat Rahat | 0641 | Unknown | Confirmed | 2 | Observations: Reported |
Harrat Ash Shaam | 2670 BCE ± 200 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Isotopic: 14C (calibrated) |
Saudi Arabia has 4 Pleistocene volcanoes. Note that as a scientific organization we provide these listings for informational purposes only, with no international legal or policy implications. Volcanoes will be included on this list if they are within the boundaries of a country, on a shared boundary or area, in a remote territory, or within a maritime Exclusive Economic Zone. Suggestions and data updates are always welcome ().
Volcano Name | Location | Primary Volcano Type |
---|---|---|
Jabal Baqarah | Middle East (southern) | Cone |
Jibal al Haylah | Middle East (southern) | Cone |
Harrat Hutaymah | Middle East (southern) | Volcanic field |
Harrat ar Rahah-'Uwayrid | Middle East (southern) | Volcanic field |
There are 22 photos available for volcanoes in Saudi Arabia.

Anonymous photo by Wikipedia user KFZI310, 2006.

Copyrighted photo by Michael Fenton, USGS (courtesy Earth Science World Image Bank http://www.earthscienceworld.org/images)

NASA Space Shuttle image STS102-708-13, 2001 (http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/).

Satellite image courtesy of Planet Labs Inc., 2019 (https://www.planet.com/).

NASA Space Shuttle image STS38-74-6, 1990 (http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/).

Satellite image courtesy of Planet Labs Inc., 2019 (https://www.planet.com/).

Satellite image courtesy of Planet Labs Inc., 2020 (https://www.planet.com/).

NASA Space Shuttle image STS055-151-184, 1993 (http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/).

NASA Landsat image, 2003 (USGS).

NASA Space Shuttle image STS060-97-24, 1994 (http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/).

NASA Space Shuttle image STS26-41-61, 1988 (http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/).

Satellite image courtesy of Planet Labs Inc., 2019 (https://www.planet.com/).

NASA Space Shuttle image STS37-152-84, 1991 (http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/).

NASA International Space Station image ISS007-E-8414, 2003 (http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/).

NASA International Space Station image ISS001-344-27, 2001 (http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/).

Satellite image courtesy of Planet Labs Inc., 2019 (https://www.planet.com/).

Satellite image courtesy of Planet Labs Inc., 2019 (https://www.planet.com/).

NASA Space Shuttle image STS37-152-177, 1991 (http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/).

NASA Space Shuttle image STS-61A-483-20 (http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/).

Satellite image courtesy of Planet Labs Inc., 2020 (https://www.planet.com/).

Satellite image courtesy of Copernicus Sentinel Data, 2019.

Satellite image courtesy of Planet Labs Inc., 2021 (https://www.planet.com/).
This is a compilation of Saudi Arabia volcano information sources, such as official monitoring or other government agencies.
Volcano Observatories | |
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Saudi Geological Survey |
Volcanic Ash Advisory Center | |
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Toulouse Volcanic Ash Advisory Center (VAAC) Notices and Archive |