Canada Volcanoes
Canada has 24 Holocene volcanoes. Note that as a scientific organization we provide these listings for informational purposes only, with no international legal or policy implications. Volcanoes will be included on this list if they are within the boundaries of a country, on a shared boundary or area, in a remote territory, or within a maritime Exclusive Economic Zone. Bolded volcanoes have erupted within the past 20 years. Suggestions and data updates are always welcome ().
Volcano Name | Location | Last Eruption | Primary Volcano Type |
---|---|---|---|
Alligator Lake | Yukon (Canada) | Unknown - Evidence Credible | Volcanic field |
Atlin Volcanic Field | British Columbia (Canada) | Unknown - Evidence Credible | Pyroclastic cone(s) |
Bridge River Cones | British Columbia (Canada) | Unknown - Evidence Credible | Volcanic field |
Cayley Volcanic Field | British Columbia (Canada) | Unknown - Evidence Credible | Volcanic field |
Cobb Segment | Juan de Fuca Ridge | 1180 BCE | Fissure vent(s) |
Crow Lagoon | British Columbia (Canada) | Unknown - Evidence Credible | Pyroclastic cone |
Edziza | British Columbia (Canada) | 950 CE | Stratovolcano |
Endeavour Segment | Juan de Fuca Ridge | 3490 BCE | Fissure vent(s) |
Fort Selkirk | Yukon (Canada) | Unknown - Evidence Uncertain | Volcanic field |
Garibaldi | British Columbia (Canada) | 8060 BCE | Stratovolcano |
Garibaldi Lake | British Columbia (Canada) | Unknown - Evidence Credible | Volcanic field |
Heart Peaks | British Columbia (Canada) | Unknown - Evidence Uncertain | Shield |
Hoodoo Mountain | British Columbia (Canada) | 7050 BCE | Pyroclastic cone(s) |
Iskut-Unuk River Cones | British Columbia (Canada) | 1800 CE | Pyroclastic cone(s) |
Level Mountain | British Columbia (Canada) | Unknown - Evidence Uncertain | Shield |
Meager | British Columbia (Canada) | 410 BCE | Complex |
Milbanke Sound Group | British Columbia (Canada) | Unknown - Evidence Credible | Pyroclastic cone(s) |
Nazko | British Columbia (Canada) | 5220 BCE | Pyroclastic cone(s) |
Silverthrone | British Columbia (Canada) | Unknown - Evidence Credible | Caldera |
Spectrum Range | British Columbia (Canada) | Unknown - Evidence Credible | Shield |
Tseax River Cone | British Columbia (Canada) | 1690 CE | Pyroclastic cone |
Tuya Volcanic Field | British Columbia (Canada) | Unknown - Evidence Credible | Volcanic field |
Wells Gray-Clearwater | British Columbia (Canada) | 1550 CE | Volcanic field |
West Valley Segment | Juan de Fuca Ridge | Unknown - Unrest / Holocene | Fissure vent |
Chronological listing of known Holocene eruptions (confirmed or uncertain) from volcanoes in Canada. Bolded eruptions indicate continuing activity.
Volcano Name | Start Date | Stop Date | Certainty | VEI | Evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Iskut-Unuk River Cones | [1904] | [Unknown] | Uncertain | ||
Atlin Volcanic Field | [1898 Nov 8] | [Unknown] | Uncertain | ||
Iskut-Unuk River Cones | 1800 (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated) | |
Tseax River Cone | 1690 ± 150 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Isotopic: 14C (calibrated) | |
Iskut-Unuk River Cones | 1590 ± 50 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated) | |
Wells Gray-Clearwater | 1550 (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | Sidereal: Dendrochronology | |
Tseax River Cone | 1330 ± 75 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated) | |
Edziza | 0950 ± 6000 years | Unknown | Confirmed | 3 | Radiogenic: Fission track |
Edziza | 0610 ± 150 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated) | |
Meager | 0410 BCE ± 200 years | Unknown | Confirmed | 5 | Isotopic: 14C (calibrated) |
Iskut-Unuk River Cones | 0620 BCE ± 150 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated) | |
Edziza | 0750 BCE ± 100 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Correlation: Tephrochronology | |
Cobb Segment | 1180 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | 1 | Isotopic: Uranium-series |
Iskut-Unuk River Cones | 1830 BCE ± 300 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated) | |
Iskut-Unuk River Cones | 3450 BCE ± 150 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated) | |
Endeavour Segment | 3490 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | 0 | Isotopic: Uranium-series |
Iskut-Unuk River Cones | 4700 BCE ± 300 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated) | |
Nazko | 5220 BCE ± 100 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated) | |
Wells Gray-Clearwater | 5650 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated) | |
Edziza | 6520 BCE ± 200 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated) | |
Iskut-Unuk River Cones | 6830 BCE ± 150 years | Unknown | Confirmed | Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated) | |
Endeavour Segment | 6930 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | 0 | Isotopic: Uranium-series |
Hoodoo Mountain | 7050 BCE (?) | Unknown | Confirmed | 0 | Correlation: Tephrochronology |
Garibaldi | 8060 BCE ± 500 years | Unknown | Confirmed | 3 | Isotopic: 14C (uncalibrated) |
Canada has 14 Pleistocene volcanoes. Note that as a scientific organization we provide these listings for informational purposes only, with no international legal or policy implications. Volcanoes will be included on this list if they are within the boundaries of a country, on a shared boundary or area, in a remote territory, or within a maritime Exclusive Economic Zone. Suggestions and data updates are always welcome ().
Volcano Name | Location | Primary Volcano Type |
---|---|---|
Alice Arm | British Columbia (Canada) | Volcanic field |
Baldface Mountain | British Columbia (Canada) | Volcanic field |
Bowie Seamount | Pacific Ocean (northern) | Lava dome |
Chilcotin Group-North | British Columbia (Canada) | Volcanic field |
Chilcotin Group-South | British Columbia (Canada) | Volcanic field |
Dark Mountain | British Columbia (Canada) | Volcanic field |
Hogum Range | British Columbia (Canada) | Volcanic field |
Itcha Range | British Columbia (Canada) | Shield |
Kawdy Metah | British Columbia (Canada) | Volcanic field |
Klastline Group | British Columbia (Canada) | Pyroclastic cone(s) |
Quesnel Cone Group | British Columbia (Canada) | Pyroclastic cone(s) |
Satah Mountain | British Columbia (Canada) | Volcanic field |
Squamish | British Columbia (Canada) | Volcanic field |
Tuzo Wilson Knolls | Pacific Ocean (northern) | Lava dome? |
There are 38 photos available for volcanoes in Canada.

Satellite image courtesy of Planet Labs Inc., 2020 (https://www.planet.com/).

Photo by Jack Souther (Geological Survey of Canada, courtesy of Cathie Hickson).

Satellite image courtesy of Planet Labs Inc., 2020 (https://www.planet.com/).

Photo by Lee Siebert, 1983 (Smithsonian Institution).

Photo by Ben Edwards, 1994 (Dickinson College, Pennsylvania).

Photo by Willie Scott, 1990 (U.S. Geological Survey).

Photo by Willie Scott, 1990 (U.S. Geological Survey).

Photo by Ben Edwards, 2000 (Dickinson College, Pennsylvania).

Photo by Cathie Hickson (Geological Survey of Canada).

Photo by Lee Siebert, 1983 (Smithsonian Institution).

Photo by Lee Siebert, 1983 (Smithsonian Institution).

Photo by Willie Scott, 1990 (U.S. Geological Survey).

Satellite image courtesy of Planet Labs Inc., 2018 (https://www.planet.com/).

Photo by Lee Siebert, 1976 (Smithsonian Institution).

Photo by Ben Edwards, 1995 (Dickinson College, Pennsylvania).

Photo by Jack Souther, 1992 (Geological Survey of Canada).

Photo by Willie Scott, 1990 (U.S. Geological Survey).

Photo by Lee Siebert, 1983 (Smithsonian Institution).

Photo by Ben Edwards, 1995 (Dickinson College, Pennsylvania).

Satellite image courtesy of Planet Labs Inc., 2018 (https://www.planet.com/).

Photo by Lionel Jackson (Geological Survey of Canada).

Image courtesy of NOAA Ocean Explorer and University of Washington.

Satellite image courtesy of Copernicus Sentinel Data, 2018.

Photo by Geological Survey of Canada (courtesy of Cathie Hickson).

Photo by Ben Edwards, 1997 (Dickinson College, Pennsylvania).

Satellite image courtesy of Planet Labs Inc., 2018 (https://www.planet.com/).

Photo by Ben Edwards, 2003 (Dickinson College, Pennsylvania).

Photo by Lee Siebert, 1987 (Smithsonian Institution).

Satellite image courtesy of Planet Labs Inc., 2019 (https://www.planet.com/).

Photo by Lee Siebert, 1983 (Smithsonian Institution).

Photo by Ben Edwards (Dickinson College, Pennsylvania).

Photo by Lee Siebert, 1983 (Smithsonian Institution).

Satellite image courtesy of Planet Labs Inc., 2018 (https://www.planet.com/).

Photo by Geological Survey of Canada (courtesy of Cathie Hickson).

Satellite image courtesy of Planet Labs Inc., 2019 (https://www.planet.com/).

Photo by Lee Siebert, 1976 (Smithsonian Institution).

Photo by Lee Siebert, 1983 (Smithsonian Institution).

Photo by Lee Siebert (Smithsonian Institution).
This is a compilation of Canada volcano information sources, such as official monitoring or other government agencies.
Volcano Observatories | |
---|---|
Natural Resources Canada (NRCAN) |
Volcanic Ash Advisory Center | |
---|---|
Montreal Volcanic Ash Advisory Centre (VAAC) | |
- Montreal VAAC Notices |